Digital Commons Network^™

Aspects Of Swift Fox Ecology In Southeastern Colorado, David E. Andersen, Thomas R. Laurion, John R. Cary, Robert S. Sikes, Mary A. Mcleod, Eric . M. Gese

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We studied the ecology of swift fox on the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site (PCMS) in southeastern Colorado from March 1986 to September 1987. Forty-two foxes were captured 162 times; 23 were radio-collared. Mean minimum convex polygon home range size of 5 adult swift fox was 29.0 km² (range = 12.8 to 34.3 km²) and although home ranges of adjacent social groups overlapped, core areas described by 50% harmonic means were almost entirely exclusive. Swift fox diet (as determined from scats) consisted primarily of small and medium-sized mammals (monthly mean % volume = 64%), arthropods (Χ̅ = 19%), …

Fencing Methods To Reduce Deer Damage, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Michael J. Lavelle

Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings

The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) may cause more damage than any other wildlife species. Deer damage occurs in various forms including crop production, automobile accidents, aviation collisions on runways, disease transmission, degradation of natural ecosystems, and destruction of ornamental plantings. One practical method of controlling deer damage is through the use of exclusionary fencing. White-tailed deer are challenging to exclude as they are able to jump 3.0-m fences or fit through spaces > 20 cm wide. Some deer problems (disease outbreaks, aircraft runways, and busy highways in deer migration corridors) may necessitate the installation of effective fencing no matter …

Cutting Fluid Management: Small Machining Operations, Iowa Waste Reduction Center

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Book Gallery

This manual has been organized into seven sections. Section 1 introduces the reader to fluid management and potential rewards of a fluid management program. Section 2 provides a brief review of cutting fluid systems, functions of cutting fluids and characteristics a fluid should have in order to perform safely and effectively. Section 3 presents information on cutting fluid selection and types of cutting fluids available. It covers the four types of metalworking fluids used today, their advantages and disadvantages, and factors to consider in selecting a fluid. Section 4 is the main focus of this manual. It discusses the four …

Watershed-Scale Agricultural Land-Use Impact On Instream Physicochemical Parameters, William Dillahunty, Indrajeet Chaubey, Marty Matlock

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is often the result of runoff losses from agricultural or urban areas. Even though the watershed approach to controlling NPS pollution is identified as the most efficient approach, data linking watershed scale land use and specific water quality implications are very limited. The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of agricultural land use on stream physico-chemical properties. The upper reach of Flint Creek was monitored at two sampling points draining an agricultural land. At each of these points, continuous measurement of stream characteristics such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, depth, pH, and …

Fight On! A Thirty Year History Of The Sawmill Slough Conservation Club, Michael W. Woodward, Erin B. Wiggins

Conservation Club

A history of the Sawmill Slough Conservation Club from it's beginnings to 2003

Scwds Briefs: Volume 18, Number 4 (January 2003)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

• The Latest on chronic wasting disease (CWD): Wisconsin, Illinois, Colorado, South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Saskatchewan
• The Wildlife Society (TWS) recently published a technical review and draft position statement on the confinement of wild ungulates within fenced enclosures--"Biological and Social Issues Related to Confinement of Wild Ungulates."
• Exotic Newcastle disease (END) was confirmed in backyard poultry flocks in southern California on October 1, 2002.
• Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (STARI): In the northeastern United States, Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is maintained in nature through a cycle involving the white-footed mouse and other rodents …

General Guidelines For The Establishment & Evaluation Of Invasive Species Early Detection & Rapid Response Systems

National Invasive Species Council

Preventing the introduction of invasive species is the first line of defense against invasions. However, even the best prevention efforts will not stop all invasive species introductions. Early detection and rapid response (ED&RR) efforts increase the likelihood that invasions will be addressed successfully while populations are still localized and population levels are not beyond that which can be contained and eradicated. Once populations are widely established, all that might be possible is the partial mitigation of negative impacts. In addition, the costs associated with ED&RR efforts are typically far less than those of long-term invasive species management programs.

The charge …

Implementation Plan For The Conservation Of Nebraska’S Eastern Saline Wetlands, Ted Lagrange, Terry Genrich, Glenn Johnson, Dan Schulz, Brent Lathrop

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Nebraska’s Eastern Saline Wetlands are the most limited and endangered wetland type and vegetation community in the State and are considered critically imperiled in Nebraska. These wetlands provide habitat for a variety of native plant and animal species that depend on a saline environment, including two endangered species.

Because of their location in and around the city of Lincoln, saline wetlands are ideally located to provide recreational opportunities and flood protection. Past impacts have resulted in the degradation of nearly 90% of the saline wetlands and those remaining face continued threats.

Although several programs are in existence to address saline …

A Guide To Prairie And Wetland Restoration In Eastern Nebraska, Gerry Steinauer, Bill Whitney, Krista Adams, Mike Bullerman, Chris Helzer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This publication documents the restoration methods originally developed by Bill Whitney and later refined by himself and other ecologists from TNC, PRCT, NGPC and USFWS working in eastern Nebraska. Restoration of the following plant community types is covered in this document: tallgrass prairie, mixed-grass prairie, sand prairie, freshwater wet meadow and marsh, Rainwater Basin wet meadow and marsh, and saline wet meadow and marsh.

The methods we use are generally affordable and not complicated. To quickly summarize, we handpick and machine harvest seed, do little seed cleaning and broadcast plant with a fertilizer spreader. We do not mow annual weeds …

2003 Survey Of Priority Natural Communities In Jefferson County, Nebraska, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This survey was undertaken to update information on native plant communities and wildlife habitats in Nebraska to facilitate the development of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) Comprehensive Wildlife Plan. The specific intent of the project was to identify and map all large blocks of privately owned native plant communities within the survey area. In 2003, the surveys focused on eastern Nebraska, specifically deciduous forest communities along the Missouri River, tallgrass prairies of southeastern Nebraska (Pawnee, Gage, Jefferson, and eastern Thayer counties), and loess mixed-grass prairies in central Nebraska. A brief survey of the Elkhorn River valley in Madison …

Recovering Species Of Conservation Concern-Are Populations Expendable?, May Ruckelshaus, Paul Mcelhany, Michael J. Ford

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Simply mentioning the notion of species expendability may seem reprehensible, but it is a question raised often when conservation biology meets conservation practice, as in this volume. In particular, when arguing for the value of biodiversity, biologists are faced with the challenge of examining the roles that particular species might play in community function and whether there are redundancies in the functions of certain species. Does every species need to be conserved for our ecosystems to function? The question of expendability also is important in conservation planning that occurs at the species level: does every population need to be saved …

The Abundance Of Harbor Seals In The Gulf Of Alaska, Peter Boveng, John Bengtson, David Withrow, Jack Cesarone, Michael Simpkins, Kathryn Frost, John Burns

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

The abundance of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) has declined in recent decades at several Alaska locations. The causes of these declines are unknown, but there is concern about the status of the populations, especially in the Gulf of Alaska. To assess the status of harbor seals in the Gulf of Alaska, we conducted aerial surveys of seals on their haul-out sites in August-September 1996. Many factors influence the propensity of seals to haul out, including tides, weather, time of day, and time of year. Because these “covariates” cannot simultaneously be controlled through survey design, we used a …

Low Frequency Calls Of Bryde's Whales, Erin M. Oleson, Jay Barlow, Jonathan Gordon, Shannon Rankin, John A. Hildebrand

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Despite significant effort, only two published reports describe Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera edeni) calls (Cummings et al. 1986, Edds et al. 1993). In both studies fundamental call frequencies were greater than 90 Hz, somewhat higher than the call frequencies attributed to other balaenopterids (Clark 1990, Edds-Walton 1997). Through opportunistic acoustic recordings, we obtained and analyzed numerous examples of Bryde's whale calls from three habitats: the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), the southern Caribbean, and the northwest Pacific near the coast of Japan. In all but a single case, call frequencies of 60 Hz or less were observed.

A Model Life Table For Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) From The Indian River Lagoon System, Florida, U.S.A., Megan K. Stolen, Jay Barlow

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Data gathered from 220 stranded bottlenose dolphins (Tzmiop tvuncatlls) in the Indian River Lagoon system, Florida, were used to derive a life table. Survivorship curves were fit to the data using Siler’s competing-risk model and a maximum likelihood approach. Population growth was estimated to be between r = 0.0 and 0.046 based on the observed numbers of stranded dolphins. Variance in survival rates was estimated using an individual-based, age-structured population projection model. We estimate that the overall annual mortality rate for this population was 9.8% per year. Sex-specific differences in survivorship were apparent with females outliving males. The …

Trends In The Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, 1987 To 1996: Responses To Phosphorus Abatement And The Zebra Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha, Thomas F. Nalepa, David L. Fanslow, Margaret B. Lansing, Gregory A. Lang

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Trends in benthic macroinvertebrate populations were examined in inner and outer Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, from 1987 to 1996. These years represent the time period after phosphorus abatement, but immediately before (1987 to 1990) and after (1991 to 1996) colonization of the bay by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. In 1987 to 1990, densities of the major macroinvertebrate groups in the inner and outer bay were not significantly different from, or were greater than, densities reported just prior to abatement efforts in the early 1970s. Oligochaete densities in the deepwater/silt region of the inner bay were trending downward between …

History Of Sedimentation And Contamination In Valley Mill Reservoir, Springfield, Missouri, Susan S. Licher

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The Valley Mill Reservoir (VMR) was constructed between 1851 and 1871 and drains an important recharge area of the drinking water watershed for Springfield, Missouri. Presently, management efforts to protect downstream water quality are aimed at using VMR as a non-point pollution and sedimentation basin since its watershed is planned for continued urban development. The morphometry of VMR is typical of most reservoirs with an elongated basin and the deepest point being near the dam. Sedimentation within the reservoir has created a delta formation with upstream wetlands and floodplains acting as part of the delta especially during the past. Little …

Uso De La Tierra En La Zona De Influencia De La Provincia Del Purus, David S. Salisbury, Chris Fagan

Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications

El objetivo preliminar de este estudio fue determinar las características del uso de tierra de cinco comunidades indígenas representadas por cuatro grupos culturales dentro de la zona de influencia nordeste. Un segundo objetivo fue el de averiguar cómo y en qué grado las fuerzas económicas y culturales están influenciando las decisiones con respecto al uso de la tierra. Los resultados de este estudio son preliminares, pero esperamos que la información sea de alguna utilidad para los administradores de esta área protegida.

A Preliminary Study Of Sustainable Eco-Industrial Partnerships In The State Of Iowa, Kathleen L. Hennings

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The proliferation of industry around the globe, coupled with concerns about the dwindling supply of raw materials, has fostered the emergence of a new manufacturing ideology. In contrast to the linear manufacturing model, raw material in and finished product out, precision manufacturing takes waste material in and provides a new product out. Companies in this study who participated in precision manufacturing were identified as partners when one company sold or traded a waste product to a separate company who used the waste in their primary production. This study was initiated to determine the factors present in successful waste exchange partnerships …

Coastal Resources Management Training Needs Assessment: Strategies And Opportunities, Kevin O'Brien, Claudette Robey, Wendy A. Kellogg, Michael J. Tevesz

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC), Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Coastal Management Program (ODNRCMP), and Ohio Sea Grant College Program engaged the Great Lakes Environmental Finance Center (GLEFC) to aid them in developing a coastal resources management training initiative for Ohio coastal decision-makers. Coastal decision-maker professionals are expected to formulate effective strategies and apply interdisciplinary approaches to solving problems and policy issues that affect the environments of coastal regions. There are a number of professionals in a variety of occupations who make decisions regarding coastal and environmental policy issues. These individuals include those within the coastal resources …

Needs Assessment: A Report On Seven Focus Groups In Ohio, Kevin O'Brien, Daniel Baracskay, Wendy A. Kellogg, Michael Mcgoun, Claudette Robey, Michael J. Tevesz, Kirstin S. Toth

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

A series of seven focus groups were conducted in various locations throughout northern Ohio to identify and assess coastal resources management training needs across the Ohio Great Lakes basin. The focus groups were comprised of a cross-section of professionals who make decisions affecting watershed areas or Lake Erie coastal areas. Six of the focus groups included decision-makers considered previous and potential users of coastal resources management training (non-providers). A seventh focus group included decision-makers who provide training in coastal resources management (providers).

Assessment Of Potential Environmental Impacts Of Nature-Based Tours Originating Within Clark County, Nevada, Beth Domowicz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this thesis was to assess the potential magnitude of negative environmental damage of nature-based tours originating in Clark County, Nevada. An ordinal ranking system was used for assessment of five variables. These variables were resource use, noise pollution, soil degradation, vegetation degradation, and wildlife disturbance. There were two proposed answers. The first was that as distance increased, negative tour impact would increase. This was not supported, since tours had high impacts for destinations that were close by and far away. The second was that most tours were not causing high damage to the environment. This hypothesis was …

Addressing Off-Site Nutrient Pollution Through Conventional Management Actions: A Modelling Case Study, David Weaver, Simon Neville, David Deeley

Conference papers and presentations

The ecology of estuaries on the south coast of Western Australia has been disrupted by increased nutrient and sediment discharge from predominantly rural catchments. Seagrass beds have been replaced by macroalgae, and toxic algal blooms threaten human and animal health, and reduce amenity. A range of conventional management actions are available to reduce nutrient loss at source, and it is important to evaluate possible reductions, and costs, so that limited funds can be targeted to realise the greatest moderation of nutrient loss. A lumped landuse nutrient generation rate model was developed for four catchments (Wilson Inlet, Oyster Harbour, Torbay Inlet …

John Russell Bozeman Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection consists of research materials belonging to Georgia Southern College instructor, John Russell Bozeman. Materials span 1948-1994 and include research files on beach erosion, the ecology of the Georgia barrier islands, and general information on Southeastern ecology and topography.

Find this collection in the University Libraries' catalog.

Estimating Watershed Biodiversity: An Empirical Study Of The Chesapeake Bay In Maryland, Usa, Junko Morimoto, Helena Voinov, Matthew A. Wilson, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

There has been increasing demand for rigorous methods for evaluating biodiversity, one of the ecosystem services that sustains and fulfills human life. After carefully examining the literature, we found three key points that should be taken into account when we evaluate biodiversity. The first point is that any "indicator species" tends to be a leaky target of biodiversity. The second point is that "buffering" that is useful for representing the ecological concept of boundaries should have scientific meanings. The third point is that a "watershed" that integrates most natural processes is advantageous as the spatial range for evaluation. Based on …

Investigating The Urban Heat Island Effect With A Collaborative Inquiry Project, Linda Acha George, William G. Becker

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Modification of the earth's surface through urbanization can have a dramatic impact on local climate. A phenomenon known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which is a measure of the near-surface air temperature contrast between urbanized and adjoining rural areas, can be evaluated with readily available instruments. Students in an undergraduate general education science course study this phenomenon in the Portland, Oregon area through a collaborative research project. This inquiry project includes background content and literature review, preliminary studies, development of research questions, experimental design and implementation, data analysis and report writing. This project successfully enables students to collaboratively …

Albany Eastern Hinterland : Catchment Appraisal 2002, A T. Ryder, L Crossing

Resource management technical reports

The Albany eastern hinterland appraisal area is located to the far east of the Albany Shire, is approximately 104, 770 ha in size and covers the Gnowellen, Pendernup and Sandplain East landcare sub catchments. The objective of Rapid Catchment Appraisal (RCA) is to assess the conditions of, and future risk to, agricultural and natural resources within regional geographic catchments.

Wildlife Road-Kills In An Urban Park In Florida, Henry T. Smith, Robert M. Barry, Richard M. Engeman, Stephanie A. Shwiff, William J.B. Miller

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Wildlife mortality due to collisions with motor vehicles is a problem within managed natural areas in Florida and worldwide (Skoog 1982; Smith et al. 1994; Foster and Humphrey 1995; Jackson 1996; Bertwistle 1999; Brown et al. 1999; Evink 1999; Gunther and Biel 1999; Phillips 1999; Trombulak and Frissell 2000; Hels and Buchwald 2001; Bard et al. 2002a,b; Fahrig et al. 2002; Foresman 2002; Gilbert et al. 2002). We here report wildlife mortality due to collisions with vehicles during 1997-2000 at John U. Lloyd State Park (JULSP), a 125.75-ha, mixed-use, urban state park located approximately 8 km south of Fort Lauderdale, …

Liquid Chromatographic Determination Of 4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide, The Active Component Of The Infertility Agent Nicarbazin, In Chicken, Duck, Goose, And Snake Eggs, Thomas M. Primus, Dennis J. Kohler, Margaret A. Goodall, Christi Yoder, Thomas Mathies, Lowell Miller, John J. Johnston, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) was extracted from chicken, duck, goose, and snake eggs and isolated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. DNC was detected by ultraviolet absorbance at 347 nm and quantitated by comparison with a calibration standard. Recoveries of DNC from fortified control chicken, duck, goose, and snake egg samples were determined for DNC levels of 0.16, 10, and 16 μg/g. The mean recoveries from chicken, duck, goose, and snake eggs were 92±4, 88±9, 87±7, and 95 ±6%, respectively. The method limits of detection for DNC in chicken, duck, goose, and snake eggs ranged from 0.015 to 0.035 μg/g. The reported method is …

Evaluation Of Gnrh Contraceptive Vaccine In Captive Feral Swine In Florida, G. Killian, L. Miller, J. Rhyan, T. Dees, D. Perry, H. Doten

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We evaluated a GnRH contraceptive vaccine in penned feral swine that were captured throughout Florida. In March 2002, pigs (~7-30kg) were segregated by sex and assigned to two GnRH treatments, given as a single IM injection in the rump using AdjuVac adjuvant. Ten males and 9 females received 1000μg GnRH-KLH; 10 males and 9 females received 2000μg GnRHKLH. Untreated males and females served as controls. In mid-June 2002, blood was taken and males and females were combined into two large breeding pens. Animals were euthanized in December and blood and tissue samples were taken. Reduced testicular and ovarian size, and …

Oral Rabies Vaccination: Reducing Economic Uncertainty Via Response Surface Analysis, Ray T. Sterner, Matthew A. Kling, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Dennis Slate

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Economic uncertainty surrounds the distribution of Raboral V-RG7 as an oral rabies vaccine (ORV) bait for the containment or elimination of raccoon-variant rabies in the United States. This paper describes a costs-savings model of ORV. It also describes Excel XP7 code that was prepared to compute potential net savings (NS) and benefit-cost ratios (BCRs) associated with Raboral V-RG7 bait distributions. Currently, baits and bait distributions are relatively expensive; individual baits are produced at a cost of $1.27 for federal use and typically dispensed at >75 baits/km2. Distribution is estimated at $8.62/km², $15.80/km², and $33.30/km² for …