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Synthesis And Characterization Of Crosslinked Gelatin Nanoparticles For Biotherapeutic Applications, Ramya Nair, Liston Augustine, Muralidhar Pisay, Srinivas Mutalik, Kirthanashri S V, Raviraja N S

International Conference on ‘NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY'

No abstract provided.

Experimental Investigation Of Levitated Microdroplets For Understanding Chain Crystal Aggregates Observed In Atmospheric Clouds, Imteaz Osmani, Victor Ojo, Hallie Boyer Chelmo

Graduate Research Achievement Day Posters

This study talks about atmospheric ice crystal aggregation in the atmosphere and the process of generating ice crystal aggregate in a research lab using a dual-balance electrodynamic trap.

Development Of A Criterion Assessing The Level Of Relationship Of Multiple Identified Characteristics For Classification, Mirzoyan Mirzaaxmedovich Kamilov, Oybek Zokirovich Koraboshev, Bobomurod Mamitjonovich Tojiboev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article discusses an optimized version of the standard design developed by Yu.I.Zhuravlev, an optimization procedure through an algebraic approach based on precedent algorithms that solves the problem of pattern identification. The formation of the convex hull of the recognition operator and corrective procedures of information models by mutual compensation of each other was also studied. In addition, the functional connection of recognition operators and the definition of idempotent connection of operators are analyzed.

Automated Workflow For Redox Potentials And Acidity Constants Calculations From Machine Learning Molecular Dynamics, Feng Wang, Jun Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Redox potentials and acidity constants are key properties for evaluating the performance of energy materials. To achieve computational design of new generation of energy materials with higher performances, computing redox potentials and acidity constants with computational chemistry have attracted lots of attention. However, many works are done by using implicit solvation models, which is difficult to be applied to complex solvation environments due to hard parameterization. Recently, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) has been applied to investigate real electrolytes with complex solvation. Furthermore, AIMD based free energy calculation methods have been established to calculate these physical chemical properties accurately. However, …

Applicability Of Using Bio-Receptive Concrete For Building Facades In Egypt, Gina Roupheil

Theses and Dissertations

The significant increase in carbon dioxide emissions caused by the construction industry is detrimental to our planet. This is rapidly increasing with the urbanization of cities that is gradually taking its toll on the available green spaces, which help in balancing such emissions. Recently, researchers have been trying to make use of bio-receptivity to create biomaterial systems that could be spread on building envelopes and support the growth of small plant species and microorganisms to establish on. Out of those materials, comes the concrete as a promising material for bio-colonization.

Within this context, this study aims at investigating the applicability …

Consumers' Acceptance To Buy And Dispose Of Recycling Textile Products, Roa Alsayed

Theses and Dissertations

The textile industry is the second most polluting worldwide, following food manufacturing. It is one of the industries that is rarely scrutinized in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This work analyzes the fashion industry from the perspective of consumer attitudes towards the purchase and disposal of clothing, and their behavior with regards to old garments. The study was conducted in Saudi Arabia and Egypt, two countries that achieved similar results in the fashion industry. The methodology is divided into three phases. First, the manuscript begins with a review of topics such as sustainability, consumer behavior in the …

Properties Of Portland Cement Concrete Incorporating Basalt-Based Pozzolanic Cement, Rana Khalil

Theses and Dissertations

Over the last decade, the world's population has increased dramatically. Due to this growth, the demand for concrete and Portland cement, in return, have increased. Manufacturing of Portland cement is an energy-intensive process that, alone, contributes to about 8% of global CO2. For decades, efforts have been exerted to reduce the harmful environmental impacts of Portland cement by reducing its use in concrete as well as considering alternate binders that may fully or partially replace it. This study aims to assess the properties of concrete incorporating a novel basalt-based pozzolanic cement. To meet this objective, four sets of concrete mixtures …

Assessing Adoption Barriers Of Sustainable Packaging In Egypt, Carol Ramses Morgan

Theses and Dissertations

Sustainable packaging has become an essential part of business decisions and corporate directions. With the rise of environmental damages due to improper waste management and unsustainable practices, businesses have a major responsibility to analyze their products’ life cycles and redesign them with sustainability in mind. Applying sustainable packaging could save companies large amounts of resources, therefore cutting costs, while also achieving the legal and social duty as a corporation towards society and the environment. Many developing countries, with specific focus on Egypt, have recently focused on legislative and corporate decisions in order to encourage more sustainable practices. Egypt’s new Waste …

Dynamics Of Nanocluster Aerosol In The Indoor Atmosphere During Gas Cooking, Satya S. Patra, Jinglin Jiang, Xiaosu Ding, Chunxu Huang, Emily K. Reidy, Vinay Kumar, Paige Price, Connor Keech, Gerhard Steiner, Philip Stevens, Nusrat Jung, Brandon E. Boor

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Nanocluster aerosol (NCA: particles in the size range of 1–3 nm) are a critically important, yet understudied, class of atmospheric aerosol particles. NCA efficiently deposit in the human respiratory system and can translocate to vital organs. Due to their high surface area-to-mass ratios, NCA are associated with a heightened propensity for bioactivity and toxicity. Despite the human health relevance of NCA, little is known regarding the prevalence of NCA in indoor environments where people spend the majority of their time. In this study, we quantify the formation and transformation of indoor atmospheric NCA down to 1 nm via high-resolution online …

Improving The Practical Skills Of Stem Students At A Historically Black College And University (Hbcu), Yasser Ismail, Phyllis Okwan, Fred Lacy

Faculty Publications

Improving the practical skills of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students at a historically black college and university (HBCU) was done by implementing a transformative teaching model. The model was implemented on undergraduate students of different educational levels in the Electrical Engineering (EE) Department at HBCU. The model was also extended to carefully chosen high and middle schools. These middle and high school students serve as a pipeline to the university, with a particular emphasis on fostering growth within the EE Department. The model aligns well with the core mission of the EE Department, aiming to enhance the theoretical …

Synthesis And Photopatterning Of Synthetic Thiol-Norbornene Hydrogels, Umu S. Jalloh, Arielle Gsell, Kirstene Gultian, James Macaulay, Abigail Madden, Jillian Smith, Luke Siri, Sebastian Vega

Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering & Sciences Departmental Research

Hydrogels are a class of soft biomaterials and the material of choice for a myriad of biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and highly tunable mechanical and biochemical properties. Specifically, light-mediated thiol-norbornene click reactions between norbornene-modified macromers and di-thiolated crosslinkers can be used to form base hydrogels amenable to spatial biochemical modifications via subsequent light reactions between pendant norbornenes in the hydrogel network and thiolated peptides. Macromers derived from natural sources (e.g., hyaluronic acid, gelatin, alginate) can cause off-target cell signaling, and this has motivated the use of synthetic macromers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). In this study, commercially available …

Brain-Inspired Continual Learning: Robust Feature Distillation And Re-Consolidation For Class Incremental Learning, Hikmat Khan, Nidhal Carla Bouaynaya, Ghulam Rasool

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Artificial intelligence and neuroscience have a long and intertwined history. Advancements in neuroscience research have significantly influenced the development of artificial intelligence systems that have the potential to retain knowledge akin to humans. Building upon foundational insights from neuroscience and existing research in adversarial and continual learning fields, we introduce a novel framework that comprises two key concepts: feature distillation and re-consolidation. The framework distills continual learning (CL) robust features and rehearses them while learning the next task, aiming to replicate the mammalian brain's process of consolidating memories through rehearsing the distilled version of the waking experiences. Furthermore, the proposed …

A Two-Stage Based Life Cycle And Principal Component Analysis For Decision Support Of Potential Municipal Solid Wastes Management Scenarios, Case Study Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Edwin Richard Ndibalema Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

In most of the urban areas of Tanzania, poor and inadequate solid waste management is a growing environmental and public health concern. Despite an array of solid waste management options, choosing an appropriate one remains a challenge. This study applied a novel two-stage-based approach to assess the environmental impacts and sustainability performance of the 27 scenarios for municipal solid wastes (MSW) management of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. In the first stage, the study utilized a life cycle analysis (LCA) to quantify the environmental impacts of MSW scenarios. In the second stage, the study used the principal component analysis (PCA) …

Endoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging System To Discriminate Tissue Characteristics In Tissue Phantom And Orthotopic Mouse Pancreatic Tumor Model, Na Eun Mun, Thi Kim Chi Tran, Dong Hui Park, Jin Hee Im, Jae Il Park, Thanh Dat Le, Young Jin Moon, Seong-Young Kwon, Su Woong Yoo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In this study, we developed an endoscopic hyperspectral imaging (eHSI) system and evaluated its performance in analyzing tissues within tissue phantoms and orthotopic mouse pancreatic tumor models. Our custom-built eHSI system incorporated a liquid crystal tunable filter. To assess its tissue discrimination capabilities, we acquired images of tissue phantoms, distinguishing between fat and muscle regions. The system underwent supervised training using labeled samples, and this classification model was then applied to other tissue phantom images for evaluation. In the tissue phantom experiment, the eHSI effectively differentiated muscle from fat and background tissues. The precision scores regarding fat tissue classification were …

Steminism: Analyzing Factors That Improve Retention Of Women In Stem, Kira Carter, Jane Kelley, Jason Vasser-Elong, Rc Patterson

Dissertations

Our co-authored research ‘Steminism: Analyzing Factors That Improve Retention for Women as STEM Majors’ analyzed factors that contributed to the retention of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs at Missouri University of Science & Technology (Missouri S&T). Women make up half of the US population, and while careers in (STEM) are an integral part of the US economy, women are underrepresented in these career fields. The purpose of our dissertation is to address the underrepresentation of women in STEM majors. Our methodology included homogeneous sampling to collect qualitative data. More specifically, we consulted with academic advisors and …

Quantifying Wildfire Drivers And Predictability In Boreal Peatlands Using A Two-Step Error-Correcting Machine Learning Framework In Tefire V1.0, Rongyun Tang, Mingzhou Jin, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Anping Chen, Yulong Zhang

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wildfires are becoming an increasing challenge to the sustainability of boreal peatland (BP) ecosystems and can alter the stability of boreal carbon storage. However, predicting the occurrence of rare and extreme BP fires proves to be challenging, and gaining a quantitative understanding of the factors, both natural and anthropogenic, inducing BP fires remains elusive. Here, we quantified the predictability of BP fires and their primary controlling factors from 1997 to 2015 using a two-step correcting machine learning (ML) framework that combines multiple ML classifiers, regression models, and an error-correcting technique. We found that (1) the adopted oversampling algorithm effectively addressed …

Design And Development Of Deep Eutectic Solvent Assisted Pressurized Liquid Extraction Of Nutraceuticals, Harish Babu B

Theses and Dissertations

Over recent decades, the usage of nutraceuticals has been exponentially increasing as alternates to pharmaceutical drugs. However, extraction of these therapeutically significant compounds from their corresponding sources requires the use of volatile organic solvents like hexane, ethanol and chloroform which increases the global warming potential. This problem has been overcome in recent decades by the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) as the extraction solvent. Since SCO2 is non-polar in nature, the extraction of polar compounds with better efficiency is questionable.

On the other hand, modernization in solvent engineering has created generations of green solvents like ionic liquids (ILs), deep …

Hybrid Hydrolysis And Fermentation Of Prosopis Juliflora Pods For Biohydrogen Production By Dark Fermentation, Gayathri G

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in the energy crisis and many environmental issues, including air pollution and the greenhouse effect. Hydrogen is the independent source of the highest energy content, with 122 KJ g-1. Biohydrogen produced from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is an excellent alternative fuel for its cleanability, renewability and sustainability. Biohydrogen production from dark fermentation using lignocellulosic biomass provides low cost and a sustainable pathway to utilize a vast amount of waste.

Dark fermentation has considerable potential for hydrogen production because it does not require sunlight, allowing for full-time operation and minimizing bioreactor complexity. The major …

A Review Of Proton Exchange Membrane Degradation Pathways, Mechanisms, And Mitigation Strategies In A Fuel Cell, Dharmjeet Madhav, Junru Wang, Rajesh Keloth, Jorben Mus, Frank Buysschaert, Veerle Vandeginste

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have the potential to tackle major challenges associated with fossil fuel-sourced energy consumption. Nafion, a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane that has high proton conductivity and good chemical stability, is a standard proton exchange membrane (PEM) used in PEMFCs. However, PEM degradation is one of the significant issues in the long-term operation of PEMFCs. Membrane degradation can lead to a decrease in the performance and the lifespan of PEMFCs. The membrane can degrade through chemical, mechanical, and thermal pathways. This paper reviews the different causes of all three routes of PFSA degradation, underlying mechanisms, their …

The Santa Clara, 2024-02-16, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Copper−Cystine Biohybrid-Embedded Nanofiber Aerogels Show Antibacterial And Angiogenic Properties, Anik Karan, Navatha S. Polavaram, Margarita Darder, Yajuan Su, Syed Muntazir Andrabi, S M Shatil Shahriar, Johnson V. John, Zeyu Luo, Mark A. Decoster, Yu Shrike Zhang, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Copper−cystine-based high aspect ratio structures (CuHARS) possess exceptional physical and chemical properties and exhibit remarkable biodegradability in human physiological conditions. Extensive testing has confirmed the biocompatibility and biodegradability of CuHARS under diverse biological conditions, making them a viable source of essential Cu²⁺. These ions are vital for catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from the decomposition of Snitrosothiols (RSNOs) found in human blood. The ability of CuHARS to act as a Cu²⁺ donor under specific concentrations has been demonstrated in this study, resulting in the generation of elevated levels of NO. Consequently, this dual function makes …

Blood Lead, Cadmium And Hair Mercury Concentrations And Association With Soil, Dust And Occupational Factors In E-Waste Recycling Workers In Bangladesh, Sarker Masud Parvez, Farjana Jahan, Jaynal Abedin, Mahbubur Rahman, Shaikh Sharif Hasan, Nafisa Islam, Nirupam Aich, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Zahir Islam, Masatake Fujimura, Rubhana Raqib, Luke D. Knibbs, Peter D. Sly

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: Electronic waste (e-waste) recycling activities release toxic metals, which pose substantial hazard to the environment and human health. We evaluated metal concentrations in biological and environmental samples, and examined the associations between biological lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) with soil and dust metals, and other possible determinants, among populations exposed and non-exposed to e-waste in Bangladesh.

Methods: A total of 199 e-waste workers and 104 non-exposed individuals were recruited. We measured blood Pb (BPb) and Cd (BCd) concentrations and total Hg (THg) from hair samples. Data were collected on occupational, and behavioral factors. We fitted …

A Systematic Review Of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies In Smart Irrigation: Constraints, Opportunities, And Future Prospects For Sub-Saharan Africa, Joshua Wanyama, Erion Bwambale, Shafik Kiraga, Abia Katimbo, Prossie Nakawuka, Isa Kabenge, Isaac Oluk

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The adoption of Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies has revolutionized agricultural practices worldwide. However, their application in the context of sub-Saharan Africa remains a critical challenge. This study presents a systematic review that investigates the potential of 4IR technologies in smart irrigation. Sub- Saharan Africa faces multiple agricultural challenges, exacerbated by climate change, water scarcity, and inefficient irrigation practices. The need for sustainable, water-efficient, and data-driven irrigation systems is urgent to ensure food security and economic development in the region. This study addresses a crucial knowledge gap by assessing the constraints, opportunities, and prospects of implementing 4IR technologies for smart …

Physio-Chemical Modifications To Re-Engineer Small Extracellular Vesicles For Targeted Anticancer Therapeutics Delivery And Imaging, Rahmat Asfiya, Lei Xu, Anjugam Paramanantham, Kuanysh Kabytaev, Anna Chernatynskaya, Grace Mccully, Hu Yang, Akhil Srivastava

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cancer theranostics developed through nanoengineering applications are essential for targeted oncologic interventions in the new era of personalized and precision medicine. Recently, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as an attractive nanoengineering platform for tumor-directed anticancer therapeutic delivery and imaging of malignant tumors. These natural nanoparticles have multiple advantages over synthetic nanoparticle-based delivery systems, such as intrinsic targeting ability, less immunogenicity, and a prolonged circulation time. Since the inception of sEVs as a viable replacement for liposomes (synthetic nanoparticles) as a drug delivery vehicle, many studies have attempted to further the therapeutic efficacy of sEVs. This article discusses engineering strategies …

Rab7 Deficiency Impairs Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Function And Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension, Bryce Piper, Srimathi Bogamuwa, Tanvir Hossain, Daniela Farkas, Lorena Rosas, Adam C. Green, Geoffrey Newcomb, Nuo Sun, Jose A. Ovando-Ricardez, Jeffrey C. Horowitz, Aneel R. Bhagwani, Hu Yang, Tatiana V. Kudryashova, Mauricio Rojas

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating and progressive disease with limited treatment options. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the development and progression of PAH, yet the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The endosome-lysosome system is important to maintain cellular health, and the small GTPase RAB7 regulates many functions of this system. Here, we explored the role of RAB7 in endothelial cell (EC) function and lung vascular homeostasis. We found reduced expression of RAB7 in ECs from patients with PAH. Endothelial haploinsufficiency of RAB7 caused spontaneous pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice. Silencing of RAB7 in ECs induced broad …

Experimental Thermal Conductivity Studies Of Agar-Based Aqueous Suspensions With Lignin Magnetic Nanocomposites, Bishal Gautam, Saja M. Nabat Al-Ajrash, Mohammad Jahid Hasan, Abhishek Saini, Sarah J. Watzman, Esteban Ureña-Benavides, Erick S. Vasquez-Guardado

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Nanoparticle additives increase the thermal conductivity of conventional heat transfer fluids at low concentrations, which leads to improved heat transfer fluids and processes. This study investigates lignin-coated magnetic nanocomposites (lignin@Fe₃O₄) as a novel bio-based magnetic nanoparticle additive to enhance the thermal conductivity of aqueous-based fluids. Kraft lignin was used to encapsulate the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to prevent agglomeration and oxidation of the magnetic nanoparticles. Lignin@Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared using a pH-driven co-precipitation method with a 3:1 lignin to magnetite ratio and characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron …

Pisa Printing Microneedles With Controllable Aqueous Dissolution Kinetics, Aaron Priester, Jimmy Yeng, Yuwei Zhang, Krista Hilmas, Risheng Wang, Anthony J. Convertine

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study focused on the development of high-resolution polymeric structures using polymer-induced self-assembly (PISA) printing with commercially available digital light-processing (DLP) printers. Significantly, soluble solids could be 3D-printed using this methodology with controllable aqueous dissolution rates. This was achieved using a highly branched macrochain transfer agent (macro-CTA) containing multiple covalently attached CTA groups. In this work, the use of acrylamide as the self-assembling monomer in isopropyl alcohol was explored with the addition of N-(butoxymethyl)acrylamide to modulate the aqueous dissolution kinetics. PISA-printed microneedles were observed to have feature sizes as small as 27 μm, which was close to the resolution limit …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Evaluation Of The Factors Affecting The Sales Of An Iron And Steel Company, Mehmet Pekkaya, Zafer Uysal, Aytaç Altan, Seçkin Karasu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

It is important to predict the sales of an iron and steel company and to identify the variables that influence these sales for future planning. The aim in this study was to identify and model the key factors that influence the sales volume of an iron and steel company using artificial neural networks (ANNs). We attempted to obtain an integrated result from the performance/sales levels of 5 models, to use the ANN approach with hybrid algorithms, and also to present an exemplary application in the base metals industry, where there is a limited number of studies. This study contributes to …

Machine Learning Approaches In Comparative Studies For Alzheimer’S Diagnosis Using 2d Mri Slices, Zhen Zhao, Joon Huang Chuah, Chee-Onn Chow, Kaijian Xia, Yee Kai Tee, Yan Chai Hum, Khin Wee Lai

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an illness that involves a gradual and irreversible degeneration of the brain. It is crucial to establish a precise diagnosis of AD early on in order to enable prompt therapies and prevent further deterioration. Researchers are currently focusing increasing attention on investigating the potential of machine learning techniques to simplify the automated diagnosis of AD using neuroimaging. The present study involved a comparison of models for the detection of AD through the utilization of 2D image slices obtained from magnetic resonance imaging brain scans. Five models, namely ResNet, ConvNeXt, CaiT, Swin Transformer, and CVT, were implemented …

Wearable Mxene-Graphene Sensing Of Influenza And Sars-Cov-2 Virus In Air And Breath: From Lab To Clinic, Yanxiao Li, Zhekun Peng, Jiaoli Li, Congjie Wei, Shangbin Liu, Weixing Hao, Huanyu Cheng, Casey Burton, Yang Wang, Yue-Wern Huang, Chang Soo Kim, Fang Yao Stephen Hou, Donghyun (Bill) Kim, Chenglin Wu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rapidly expanding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants demand a continuous monitoring method through portable and wearable devices. Utilizing the rich surface chemistry and high chemical-to-electrical signal conversion of 2D MXene-graphene heterostructure thin films, a field-effect-transistor (FET) sensor, which has a flexible substrate to be assembled onto the mask and combines with a Bluetooth system for wireless transmission is developed, to detect the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in air and breath. At first, the developed sensors are examined in the laboratory through direct contact with sensing targets in solution form. The results show a low …