Digital Commons Network^™

An Analog Vlsi Implementation Of A Multi-Scale Spike Detection Algorithm For Extracellular Neural Recordings, Christy L. Rogers, John G. Harris, Jose C. Principe, Justin C. Sanchez

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper discusses a multi-scale neural spike detection algorithm for a low-power analog circuit implementation. The key idea is to implement wavelet decomposition and improve spike detection by independently controlling thresholds for each scale. Each thresholder scale is then combined to provide a single output indicating a spike occurrence. This spike detection algorithm shows promising results towards a robust, compact, and unsupervised low power analog spike detection circuit. A low power front-end spike detection circuit can be added to a neural amplifier and dramatically reduce the required data bandwidth for BMI applications. © 2005 IEEE.

Remapping Hand Movements In A Novel Geometrical Environment, Kristine M. Mosier, Robert A. Scheidt, Santiago Acosta, Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The issue of how the Euclidean properties of space are represented in the nervous system is a main focus in the study of visual perception, but is equally relevant to motor learning. The goal of our experiments was to investigate how the properties of space guide the remapping of motor coordination. Subjects wore an instrumented data glove that recorded the finger motions. Signals generated by the glove operated a remotely controlled endpoint: a cursor on a computer monitor. The subjects were instructed to execute movements of this endpoint with controlled motions of the fingers. This required inverting a highly redundant …

Composite Mechanical Property Enhancement Through The Use Of Y-End Shaped Short Fibers, Jin Tan

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This study uses Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to predict the mechanical property enhancement of the composites reinforced by end-shaped short fibers with different aspect ratios and volume fractions at microscale. Fibers used include conventional straight short fibers (CSSF), dumbbell-end shaped short fibers (DSSF), bone-end shaped short fibers (BSSF) and Y-end shaped short fibers (YSSF) with various lengths and angles. The critical distances between neighboring fiber ends for FEA modeling were theoretically deduced and numerically verified. This study has never been done before and the results fill a gap to this field.

In conclusion, planar-end Y-shaped short fiber reinforced composites showed …

Preliminary Design Approach For Prosthetic Ankle Joints Using Compliant Mechanisms, Jason Matthew Wiersdorf

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to develop design approaches and models for prosthetic ankle joints using kinematic models of the human ankle and compliant mechanisms technology. Compliant mechanisms offer several potential design advantages over traditional rigid-body designs including high reliability and low cost. These design advantages are ideal for use in prosthetics. Some prosthetic ankle/foot systems currently on the market have multiple degrees of freedom yet are expensive. Additionally, even though these systems have multiple degrees of freedom, none of them are designed after the actual movements of the biological ankle. In this thesis a two, single degree-of-freedom hinge …

Reactivity Study Of Platinum Nanoparticles And Nanowires Inside The Channels Of Mesoporous Silica, Marcus R. Smith

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

Pt metal nanowires and nanoparticles were prepared using mesoporous silica as the template. Mesoporous silica with straight 1-dimensional, tortuous 1-dimensional and 3-dimensional channels was used. The experimental techniques included CO oxidation, Chemisorption, XRD, and STEM. CO oxidation and chemisorption provided the data to calculate the intrinsic reactivity, known as turn over frequency (TOF). Powder XRD was used to measure line broadening. The FWHM of the XRD line broadening was used with the Scherrer formula to determine Pt metal crystallite size. STEM images permitted for the measurement of the particle diameters, and the determination of morphology.

Two commercially available reference samples …

Electrochemical Controllable Preparation Of Hydroxyapatite Coating With Different Morphologies And Preliminary In Vitro Tests, Hai-Yan Shi, Ren Hu, Chang-Jian Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Controllable electrochemical deposition has been developed to prepare the hydroxyapatite(HA) coatings on Ti substrate with different morphologies and structures. Three kinds of typical topography of HA coatings, i.e. standing-up, flower and ordered porous structures have been obtained. The XRD and FTIR results demonstrate high crystallinity of the coating and exclusion of other forms of calcium phosphates. In vitro tests reveal that the biological property is largely dependent on the structure and morphology of the HA coating. It has been found that all pure HA coating show good biocompatibilities, while only the HA coating with ordered porous structures exhibits best …

Genetic Engineering Of Plants Through Manipulation Of Lignin Biosynthesis, Vincent Lee C. Chiang, Chung-Jui Tsai, Wen-Jing Hu

Michigan Tech Patents

The invention pertains to the genetically down regulating a lignin pathway p-coumarate Co-enzyme A ligase (CCL) in trees.

Highly Efficient Fluorescence Detection In Picoliter Volume Liquid-Core Waveguides, Aaron R. Hawkins, John P. Barber, Dongliang Yin

Faculty Publications

We report loss improvement and fluorescence detection in integrated antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides with liquid cores. The minimum waveguide loss is reduced to 0.33/cm by compensating for thickness variations in the fabrication process. We demonstrate fluorescence detection from as few as 490 molecules in a 57 pl core using these optimized waveguides. We measure angular fluorescence collection factors as high as 15% per facet in good agreement with theory. This demonstrates the potential of integrated hollow-core waveguides as optical sensors for single-molecule spectroscopy.

Manure Use Planning Tools For Nebraska, Charles S. Wortmann, Charles A. Shapiro, Richard K. Koelsch, Richard Deloughery

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Three computer programs have been developed to facilitate manure use planning. The Nebraska Manure Value Calculator was developed in Excel to ease the calculation of manure value (www.cnmp.unl.edu) for a specific field giving value to needed nutrients and other expected benefits, and with the option of giving value to manure nutrients used in the more distant future. Nebraska MMPAMUP and MMP-CNMP Document Generators are planning tools for animal feeding operations that work with the Purdue University Manure Management Planner (MMP). Microsoft Word documents are generated which contain some boilerplate text that can be edited, popup lists in Word AutoText to …

Microbial Source Tracking: Tools For Refining Total Maximum Daily Load Assessments (2005), Stormwater Academy

BMP Trains Research and Publications

For over 100 years, indicator bacteria of fecal origin have been used to assess water quality and alert managers to increased risk of the presence of human pathogens. While these indicator organisms, including total coliforms and fecal coliforms, have helped protect public health for decades, they are now being utilized as surrogates for pathogens in total maximum daily load (TMDL) programs that are mandated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The goal of TMDL assessment, which is carried out by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection in Florida, is ultimately to identify the sources of contaminant loading to Florida waters …

Are We Addressing The Cause Of Nutrient Problems?, Richard K. Koelsch

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Content:

Manure P vs. Crop Land P Use

One-Way Flow of Nutrients Is Underlying Cause

Future NMP Checklist?

Should an NMP Measure Environmental Performance?

Whole Farm Nutrient Balance

Whole Farm N Balance

Phosphorus Inputs to Livestock Systems

Should An NMP Estimate Ammonia Emissions?

Daily Ammonia Emissions from Livestock (36 km grid)

Ammonia Emissions Regulatory Thresholds

Ammonia Emissions – Swine Finishing Operations

Leaching Of Accumulated Soil Salinity Under Drip Irrigation, Charles M. Burt, Brett Isbell

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Conducted a reclamation leaching experiment in a drip-irrigated pistachio orchard south of Huron, California, during the winter of 2002-2003. The study was conducted to quantify the leaching water required to remove salts from the effective root zone of trees. This experiment tested a new reclamation leaching technique: multiple lines of low-flow drip tape were used to apply water to the area of salinity accumulation along a tree row. This new technique allows water to be applied where there is salt accumulation along the tree row, as opposed to putting water on the entire area of the field. Since reclamation leaching …

37th Conference On Senior Engineering Design Projects, College Of Engineering And Applied Sciences

Senior Engineering Design Conference

The 37th Conference on Senior Engineering Design Projects was held on November 29, 2005 at the College of Engineering and applied Sciences on the Parkview Campus of Western Michigan University. The college sponsors the conference to showcase the work of its graduating seniors, who are required to complete a capstone project that puts into practice what they have learned. Many of the projects are sponsored by business and industry.

The information for this event was taken from the internet archive hosted by the Wayback Machine.

The Screech Owl Reasoner - Scalable Approximate Abox Reasoning With Owl, Pascal Hitzler, Denny Vrandecic

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

We present a preliminary version of the approximate OWL reasoning system SCREECH. It builds on the KAON2 system and performs OWL ABox reasoning in an approximate manner. It trades soundness of reasoning for efficiency, with resulting polynomial worst-case data complexity. It has been developed for use in time-critical applications where quick response time is more important than a full guarantee of correctness of answers. The theoretical background for the system is explained in [Hitzler and Vrandecic, 2005] and is being presented at the conference.

Heat Generation In Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, Nazli Yesiller, James Hanson, Wei-Lien Liu

Civil and Environmental Engineering

This study was conducted to investigate thermal aspects of municipal solid waste landfills as a function of operational conditions and climatic region. Spatial and temporal distributions of waste temperatures were determined at four landfills located in North America (Michigan, New Mexico, Alaska, and British Columbia). Temperatures of wastes at shallow depths (extending to 6 to 8 m depth) and near the edges of a cell (within approximately 20 m) conformed to seasonal temperature variations, whereas steady elevated temperatures (23 to 57°C) with respect to air and ground temperatures were reached at depth and at central locations. Waste temperatures decreased from …

In Vitro And In Vivo Two-Photon Luminescence Imaging Of Single Gold Nanorods, Haifeng Weng, Terry B. Huff, Daniel A. Zweifel, Wei He, Philip S. Low, Alexander Wei, Ji-Xin Cheng

Other Nanotechnology Publications

Gold nanorods excited at 830 nm on a far-field laser-scanning microscope produced strong two-photon luminescence (TPL) intensities, with a cos(4) dependence on the incident polarization. The TPL excitation spectrum can be superimposed onto the longitudinal plasmon band, indicating a plasmon-enhanced two-photon absorption cross section. The TPL signal from a single nanorod is 58 times that of the two-photon fluorescence signal from a single rhodamine molecule. The application of gold nanorods as TPL imaging agents is demonstrated by in vivo imaging of single nanorods flowing in mouse ear blood vessels.

Truncated Profile Hidden Markov Models, Jennifer A. Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The profile hidden Markov model (HMM) is a powerful method for remote homolog database search. However, evaluating the score of each database sequence against a profile HMM is computationally demanding. The computation time required for score evaluation is proportional to the number of states in the profile HMM. This paper examines whether the number of states can be truncated without reducing the ability of the HMM to find proteins containing members of a protein domain family. A genetic algorithm (GA) is presented which finds a good truncation of the HMM states. The results of using truncation on searches of the …

Rate Response Assessment From Various Granular Vrt Applicators, John P. Fulton, Scott A. Shearer, Stephen F. Higgins, Matthew J. Darr, Timothy S. Stombaugh

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Variable-rate technology (VRT) adds complexity to application equipment, thereby confounding the assessment of applicator performance. The intent of this investigation was to assess the rate response of various VRT granular applicators: two spinner spreaders (A and B), and two pneumatic applicators (C and D). Variable-rate (VR) tests were conducted to quantify the rate response characteristics (delay and transition times) for the applicators. A sigmoidal function was used to model the rate response for five of the six tests. Applicator A exhibited a linear response during decreasing rate changes. Results indicated that only applicator B demonstrated consistent delay and transition times, …

Large–Scale Field–Programmable Analog Arrays For Analog Signal Processing, Tyson S. Hall, Christopher M. Twigg, Jordan D. Gray, Paul Hasler, David V. Anderson

Faculty Works

Field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs) providea method for rapidly prototyping analog systems. Currently available commercial and academic FPAAs are typically based on operational amplifiers (or other similar analog primitives) with only a few computational elements per chip. While their specific architectures vary, their small sizes and often restrictive interconnect designs leave current FPAAs limited in functionality and flexibility. For FPAAs to enter the realm of large-scale reconfigurable devices such as modern field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs),new technologies must be explored to provide area-efficient accurately programmable analog circuitry that can be easily integrated into a larger digital/mixed-signal system. Recent advances in the area …

Engineering Substrate-Mediated Gene Delivery With Self-Assembled Monolayers, Angela K. Pannier, Lonnie D Shea

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Gene transfer has many potential applications in basic and applied sciences, including functional genomics, gene therapy, and tissue engineering. Substrate- mediated delivery, also termed solid phase delivery, describes the immobilization of DNA, complexed with nonviral vectors, to a biomaterial or substrate that supports cell adhesion. A critical component to this process is designing the appropriate interactions between the DNA complexes and substrate. The objective of this study was to investigate gene transfer as a function of i) complex formation and deposition conditions and ii) non-specific and specific binding interactions between the complexes and substrate. The volume and time of complex …

Effect Of Chronic Hyperoxic Exposure On Duroquinone Reduction In Adult Rat Lungs, Said H. Audi, Robert D. Bongard, Gary S. Krenz, David A. Rickaby, Steven Thomas Haworth, Jessica Eisenhauer, David L. Roerig, Marilyn P. Merker

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) plays a dominant role in the reduction of the quinone compound 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (duroquinone, DQ) to durohydroquinone (DQH₂) on passage through the rat lung. Exposure of adult rats to 85% O₂ for ≥7 days stimulates adaptation to the otherwise lethal effects of >95% O₂. The objective of this study was to examine whether exposure of adult rats to hyperoxia affected lung NQO1 activity as measured by the rate of DQ reduction on passage through the lung. We measured DQH₂ appearance in the venous effluent during DQ infusion at different concentrations into …

2005 Scholars And Artists Bibliography, Stephen D. Slane Dr., Michael Schwartz Library, Cleveland State University, Friends Of The Michael Schwartz Library

Scholars and Artists Bibliographies

This bibliography was created for the annual Friends of the Michael Schwartz Library Scholars and Artists Reception, recognizing scholarly and creative achievements of Cleveland State University faculty, staff and emeriti. Dr, Steve Slane was the guest speaker.

Where’S The Poop? Environmental Challenges For Large And Small Animal Feeding Operations, Richard K. Koelsch, John Lawrence

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Content:

Where’s the Poop?

Status and Trends in Small and Mid-Sized Animal Operations in the U.S.

Numbers of farms, animals, & nutrients

Non-confined animals: Farms and AU

Confined animals: Farms and AU

Confined animals: Manure nutrients

Confined animals: Farms with excess manure

AFO Challenges

Bang-for-the-Buck Programming

Progress Towards Terahertz Acoustic Phonon Generation In Doping Superlattices, Thomas E. Wilson

Physics Faculty Research

Progress is described in experiments to generate coherent terahertz acoustic phonons in silicon doping superlattices by the resonant absorption of nanosecond-pulsed far-infrared laser radiation. Future experiments are proposed that would use the superlattice as a transducer in a terahertz cryogenic acoustic reflection microscope with sub-nanometer resolution.

Self-Assembly Of Nanoparticles On Live Bacterium: An Avenue To Fabricate Electronic Devices, Vikas Berry, Ravi F. Saraf

Papers in Nanotechnology

Recently, hybrid structures of microorganisms with inorganic nanoscale moieties have received great interest due to their potential in fabricating electronic systems. Electronic properties of metal nanoparticles, due to single electron transport of current[1], make them ideal material for nanodevices. Concomitantly, the nanostructure of microorganisms such as bacteria[2], viruses[3;4] and yeast[5] are attractive scaffolds for nanoparticle templating due to surface charge and biological affinities for specific molecules [2-7]. However, the key challenges in building hybrid devices are patterning nanostructures without destroying the biological construct of the microorganism and achieving active integration of biological response to the electrical transport in nanoparticle device. …

Coupling Between Helix-Coil And Coil-Globule Transitions In Helical Polymers, Vikas Varshney, Gustavo A. Carri

College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering

We explore the coupling between the helix-coil and coil-globule transitions of a helical polymer using Monte Carlo simulations. A very rich state diagram is found. Each state is characterized by a specific configuration of the chain which could be a helix, a random coil, an amorphous globule, or one of various other globular states which carry residual helical strands. We study the boundaries between states and provide further insight into the physics of the system with a detailed analysis of the order parameter and other properties.

The Role Of Cavitation In Acoustically Activated Drug Delivery, Mario A. Diaz, Ghaleb A. Husseini, William G. Pitt, Eric S. Richardson, Douglas A. Christensen

Faculty Publications

The triblock copolymer, Pluronic P105, has been found to be an ideal ultrasonically activated drug delivery vehicle because it forms micelles with hydrophobic polypropylene oxide cores that sequester hydrophobic drugs (Fig. 1). These micelles release their contents upon the application of low frequency ultrasound [1]such that drugs can be released specifically at the ultrasonicated region (Fig. 2). Such ultrasonically controlled release has been effective against cancer cells in vitro [2] and in vivo [3]. This poster presents our results showing that collapse cavitation is associated with drug release. Cavitation is generally divided into two types of behavior. Stable cavitation is …

Analysis Of Gaits For A Rotating Tripedal Robot, Damian M. Lyons, Kiran Pamnany

Faculty Publications

A goal of robotics has been to develop mechanisms that have the efficiency and speed of wheeled robots with the terrain flexibility of legged robots. In previous work, we have proposed a unique three-legged mechanism, the rotopod, designed to integrate these two useful approaches to locomotion. In this paper, we present an analysis of the variety of gaits that can be exhibited by the rotopod. We present examples of many of these gaits and discuss their potential use. A trajectory generation algorithm is presented that can be used to generate point to point trajectories using one of three different styles …

Integration Of Micro Nano And Bio Technologies With Layer -By -Layer Self -Assembly, Dinesh Shankar Kommireddy

Doctoral Dissertations

In the past decade, layer-by-layer (LbL) nanoassembly has been used as a tool for immobilization and surface modification of materials with applications in biology and physical sciences. Often, in such applications, LbL assembly is integrated with various techniques to form functional surface coatings and immobilized matrices. In this work, integration of LbL with microfabrication and microfluidics, and tissue engineering are explored. In an effort to integrate microfabrication with LbL nanoassembly, microchannels were fabricated using soft-lithography and the surface of these channels was used for the immobilization of materials using LbL and laminar flow patterning. Synthesis of poly(dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride)/poly(styrene sulfonate) …

The Igipi Ontological Framework: Integrating Gene Interactions With Protein Interactions, Bill Andreopoulos, Aijun An, Xiangji Huang

Faculty Publications, Computer Science

No abstract provided.