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Wright State University Celebration Of Research, Scholarship And Creative Activities Book Of Abstracts Friday, April 12, 2013, Wright State University Office Of Undergraduate Research And Stemm Activities

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

The student abstract booklet is a compilation of abstracts from students' oral and poster presentations at Wright State University's second annual Celebration of Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities on April 12, 2013.

White Light-Informed Optical Properties Improve Ultrasound-Guided Fluorescence Tomography Of Photoactive Protoporphyrin Ix, Brendan P. Flynn, Alisha V. Dsouza, Stephen C. Kanick, Scott C. Davis, Brian W. Pogue

Dartmouth Scholarship

Subsurface fluorescence imaging is desirable for medical applications, including protoporphyrin-IX (PpIX)-based skin tumor diagnosis, surgical guidance, and dosimetry in photodynamic therapy. While tissue optical properties and heterogeneities make true subsurface fluorescence mapping an ill-posed problem, ultrasound-guided fluorescence-tomography (USFT) provides regional fluorescence mapping. Here USFT is implemented with spectroscopic decoupling of fluorescence signals (auto-fluorescence, PpIX, photoproducts), and white light spectroscopy-determined bulk optical properties. Segmented US images provide a priori spatial information for fluorescence reconstruction using region-based, diffuse FT. The method was tested in simulations, tissue homogeneous and inclusion phantoms, and an injected-inclusion animal model. Reconstructed fluorescence yield was linear with PpIX …

Innovations In Light, John Gorse, Mike Simpson

CIBSE & SLL International Lighting Conference, Dublin, 2013

CIBSE & SLL International Lighting Conference

Proceedings, Msvscc 2013, Old Dominion University, Department Of Modeling, Simulation & Visualization Engineering, Old Dominion University, Virginia Modeling, Analysis & Simulation Center

Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Student Capstone Conference

Proceedings of the 7th Annual Modeling, Simulation & Visualization Student Capstone Conference held on April 11, 2013 at VMASC in Suffolk, Virginia.

Atomic Force Microscopy-Coupled Microcoils For Cellular-Scale Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Charilaos Mousoulis, Teimour Maleki, Babak Ziaie, Corey Neu

Birck and NCN Publications

We present the coupling of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technologies to enable topographical, mechanical, and chemical profiling of biological samples. Here, we fabricate and perform proof-of-concept testing of radiofrequency planar microcoils on commercial AFM cantilevers. The sensitive region of the coil was estimated to cover an approximate volume of 19.4 x 10(3) mu m(3) (19.4 pl). Functionality of the spectroscopic module of the prototype device is illustrated through the detection of H-1 resonance in deionized water. The acquired spectra depict combined NMR capability with AFM that may ultimately enable biophysical and biochemical studies at the …

Multiscale Modeling Of Enzyme-Catalyzed Methanol Production By Particulate Methane Monooxygenase, Katherine K. Bearden

Doctoral Dissertations

In this work, the conversion of methane to methanol by the particulate Methane Monooxygenase (pMMO) enzyme is investigated using a multi-scale modeling approach. This enzyme participates in carbon cycling and aids in the removal of harmful atmospheric methane, converting it to methanol. The interaction between pMMO and a neighboring enzyme that is present in the same organism is studied, and the unknown pMMO active site is elucidated and tested for methane oxidation towards the production of methanol.

Fundamental knowledge of pMMO's mechanism is not fully understood. Understanding how this enzyme works in nature will provide information towards designing efficient synthetic …

Department Of Biological Systems Engineering Newsletter, Volume 7, Number 2, April 2013

BSE Department Magazine

No abstract provided.

52nd Conference On Senior Engineering Design, College Of Engineering And Applied Sciences

Senior Engineering Design Conference

The 52nd Conference on Senior Engineering Design Projects was held on April 16,, 2013 at the College of Engineering and applied Sciences on the Parkview Campus of Western Michigan University. The college sponsors the conference to showcase the work of its graduating seniors, who are required to complete a capstone project that puts into practice what they have learned. Many of the projects are sponsored by business and industry.

Runoff Of Silvicultural Herbicides Applied Using Best Management Practices, Matthew W. Mcbroom, Jeff Louch, R Scott Beasley, Mingteh Chang, George G. Ice

Faculty Publications

Nine small (2.2 to 2.9 ha) and four large (70 to 135 ha) watersheds in East Texas, USA, were instrumented to compare herbicide runoff under different silvicultural systems with best management practices (BMPs). Two treatments were evaluated: conventional, with clearcutting, aerial herbicide site preparation, and hand-applied banded herbaceous release; and intensive, in which subsoiling, aerial fertilization, and a second-year aerial herbicide application were added. Herbicides were applied as operational tank mixes. The highest imazapyr concentration found in stream water was 39 mg L^‑1 during the first storm after application (23 days after treatment, DAT) and in-stream concentrations …

Low Soluble Drug Encapsulation Based On Architecture Of Layer-By-Layer Assembly For Longer Circulation Time And Targeted Therapy, Pravin Pattekari

Doctoral Dissertations

A combined effect of sonication and layer-by-layer assembly (LbL) enhances the solubility of many poorly soluble inorganic and organic materials by forming stable particles with ca. 200 nm size and up to 90 wt% of loading. The entire method is reproducible, easy-to-handle, and flexible for varying surface properties according to the application of the materials. The method develops good colloidal stability of materials in buffers and maintains architecture for future improvement. A top-down approach, with a combined effect of sonication and LbL assembly, ruptures the material and allows adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes simultaneously. Thus, the approach is applicable for …

The Effect Of Network Transitions On Spontaneous Activity And Sycnhrony In Devloping Neural Networks, Jude P. J. Savarraj

Doctoral Dissertations

Connectivity patterns of developing neural circuits and the effects of its dynamics on network behavior, particularly the emergence of spontaneous activity and synchrony, are not clear. We attempt to quantify anatomical connectivity patterns of rat cortical cultures during different stages of development. By culturing the networks on dishes embedded with micro electrode arrays, we simultaneously record electrical activity from multiple regions of the developing network and monitor its electrical behavior, particularly its tendency to fire spontaneously and to synchronize under certain conditions. We investigate possible correlations between changes in the network connectivity patterns and spontaneous electrical activity and synchrony. Cocultures …

Sci-Tech Book News Reviews, Susan Fingerman

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Impulse, Christie Delfanian, Dave Graves, Kyle Johnson, Karissa Kuhle, Eric Landwehr

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

College:
[Page] 2 Brookings Habitat – House No. 50: A dozen students from a construction class built history this fall.
[Page] 4 Engineers Without Borders: Chapter’s first international service project clears the water.
[Page] 6 REA Mural: Mural depicting advent of electricity in SD still stirs interest.
[Page] 9 Student Internships: From Daktronics to Disney World, students find internships as diverse as their interests.
[Page] 12 BEST Robotics: When it comes to outreach activities, Jackrabbit BEST Robotics is best.
Alumni:
[Page] 15 Alums bring businesses home: SDSU looks to attract businesses to Brookings so more grads stay here.
[Page] 17 …

Vineyard Drip Irrigation Design, Roman Ferro

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

The goal of this project is to develop a cost and water efficient drip irrigation system. This irrigation system will deliver irrigation needs to a future 2.5 acre vineyard owned by the Jaqua family. The design accounts for the specifics of the field such as soil type, slope, crop water requirement, etc. A detailed design was created which includes part specifications, cost estimate and field map.

Design And Implementation Of A Primitive Neural Stimulator With Simulated Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potentials, José Aquiles Parodi Amaya

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Enhanced Diagnostic Accuracy Of Mammograms On A Mobile Device, Sharanya Padmanabhan

Open Access Theses

With the death of a woman every 13 minutes in the US, and one every minute worldwide, due to breast cancer, the need for early detection cannot be overstated. Mammography is a boon for both early detection and screening of breast tumors. It is an imaging system that uses low dose (9mrem) x-rays for examining the breasts, by the electrons reflected from the tissues (thermoelectric effect). However, there are 20% false positives and 10% false negatives in current practice. Hence, there is a critical need for enhancing the accuracy of these mammograms. Towards this, this thesis was aimed at enhancing …

Building Upon Common-Pool Resource Theory To Explore Success In Transitioning Water Management Institutions, Christina M. Hoffman

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nebraska, like many regions around the world, is faced with the challenge of adapting to a new era in water management. Increasing demands for water resources, mounting concerns over threatened and endangered species, and obligations to abide by interstate water allocation agreements have motivated Nebraska to revisit traditional water management approaches. However, although Nebraska’s water management institutions have undergone much change, little research exists on the influence these changes have had on the ability of water institutions to successfully manage water allocations. This research (1) qualitatively explores the perspectives and experiences of stakeholders in the overappropriated region of the Platte …

Analyzing The Function Of Cartilage Replacements: A Laboratory Activity To Teach High School Students Chemical And Tissue Engineering Concepts, Julie N. Renner

Faculty Scholarship

A cartilage tissue engineering laboratory activity was developed as part of the Exciting Discoveries for Girls in Engineering (EDGE) Summer Camp sponsored by the Women In Engineering Program (WIEP) at Purdue University. Our goal was to increase awareness of chemical engineering and tissue engineering in female high school students through a laboratory activity that incorporated a number of National Research Council learning objectives for science and engineering. This manuscript describes the context of the activity, detailed instructions to perform the activity, and a summary of the feedback. As a result of the activity, participants knew more about the chemical engineering …

Computer Guided Instruction For Creation Of Root Locus Plots, Erik Allen Cheever , '82, A. Moser

Engineering Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Microbubble Cavitation Imaging, F. Vignon, W. T. Shi, J. E. Powers, E. Carr Everbach, J. J. Liu, S. J. Gao, F. Xie, T. R. Porter

Engineering Faculty Works

Ultrasound cavitation of microbubble contrast agents has a potential for therapeutic applications such as sonothrombolysis (STL) in acute ischemic stroke. For safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of treatment, it is critical to evaluate the cavitation state (moderate oscillations, stable cavitation, and inertial cavitation) and activity level in and around a treatment area. Acoustic passive cavitation detectors (PCDs) have been used to this end but do not provide spatial information. This paper presents a prototype of a 2-D cavitation imager capable of producing images of the dominant cavitation state and activity level in a region of interest. Similar to PCDs, the cavitation …

Compositional And Structural Analysis Of Nitrogen Incorporated And Ion Implanted Diamond Thin Films, Elias James Garratt

Dissertations

Significant progress in area of nano-structured thin film systems has taken place in recent decades. In particular, diamond thin film systems are being widely studied for their wear resistant, optical and electronic properties. Of the various methods researchers use to modify the structure of such films, three techniques in particular are of interest due to their versatility: modification of the growth atmosphere, growth on metalized substrates, providing an interfacial layer, and modification through post-growth ion implantation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects each has to the structure and composition of elements. Different techniques are applied in …

An Epistemological Inquiry Into The Incorporation Of Emergency Management Concept In The Homeland Security With A Post-Disaster Security Centric Focus, Mehmet Secilmis

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The historical roots of the Emergency Management concept in the U.S. date back to 19th century. As disasters occurred, policies relating to disaster response have been developed, and many statuary provisions, including several Federal Disaster Relief Acts, conceptually established the framework of Emergency Management. In 1979, with the foundation of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), disaster relief efforts were finally institutionalized, and the federal government acknowledged that Emergency Management included mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery activities as abbreviated 'MPRR.'

However, after 2000, the U.S. experienced two milestone events - the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001 and Hurricane Katrina …

Study Of Spatiotemporal Signatures Between Objects To Improve Video Segmentation In Complex Environments, Adam Robert Reckley

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Background subtraction is often considered to be a required stage of any video surveillance system being used to detect objects in a single frame and/or track objects across multiple frames in a video sequence. Most current state-of-the-art techniques for object detection and tracking utilize some form of background subtraction that involves developing a model of the background at a pixel, region or frame level and designating any elements that deviate from the background model as foreground. Most existing approaches are capable of segmenting a number of distinct components, but are unable to distinguish between the desired object of interest and …

Spatial Cognition Differences Between Men And Women In Spatial Cue Environments During Flight Simulation, Heidi Crystal Kim

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Ground reference maneuvers are an important component of pilot training. In order to perform these maneuvers, pilots rely on cues from the environment to determine where their aircraft is in relation to objects on the ground. This process requires a high degree of spatial cognition, which refers to the cognitive processes used to orient oneself in space. Two factors that can influence spatial cognition in the context of aviation ground reference maneuvers are the availability of spatial cues and the biological sex of the pilot. Research suggests spatial cues aid in the identification of potentially dangerous objects. In the context …

Reduction Of Near-Field Grating Lobes In Sparse Acoustic Phased Arrays, Dylan Rudolph

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Acoustic phased arrays with inter-element spacings of greater than one half-wavelength will produce grating lobes that decrease the usefulness of the array. With many array configurations, the near-field and far-field character of these lobes is significantly different -- an optimization of the array configuration to reduce grating lobes in the far-field can have little bearing on the performance of the array in the near-field.

The focus of this thesis is the reduction of grating lobes in the near-field by iterative optimization. Genetic algorithms are employed to choose inter-element spacings which are able to reduce the magnitude of grating lobes at …

Special Section On Natural Treatment Systems: More Than Just A Solution To Pollution, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Hazard Mitigation Through A Systemic Model Of Accident To A Socio-Technical System: A Case Study, Karim Hardy, Franck Guarnieri

Publications

This paper presents the STAMP (systems-theoretic accident modeling and processes) accident model, based on systems theory, and describes its application in the context of risk prevention related to the remediation of contaminated sediments. The implementation of the model is described, and results are presented both in methodological and technical terms. The goal of this article is to emphasize the need of new approaches to take into account hazards and accidents within socio-technical systems.

Performance Of Concrete Incorporating Colloidal Nano-Silica, Mohamed Sabry Zeidan

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Nanotechnology, as one of the most modern fields of science, has great market potential and economic impact. The need for research in the field of nanotechnology is continuously on the rise. During the last few decades, nanotechnology was developing rapidly into many fields of applied sciences, engineering and industrial applications, especially through studies of physics, chemistry, medicine and fundamental material science. These new developments may be attributed to the fact that material properties and performance can be significantly improved and controlled through nano-scale processes and nano-structures. This research program aims at 1) further understanding the behavior of cementitious materials when …

Characterization Of A Spiral Microfluidic Focusing Device For Continuous Single Cell Impedance-Based Cytometry Applications, Daniel Riley

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A major focus in the field of cell characterization is the quantification of cell dielectric properties in order to develop low-cost, portable microfluidic devices that can, among other things, perform point-of-care detection of rare diseases and complete blood counts. Impedance-based cytometry has become an advantageous tool to ascertain these properties, wherein it is important that cells pass through the same point in a channel cross-section one at a time to ensure accurate and repeatable readings. This study documents the assessment of an 8-loop 160 μm (W) x 80 μm (H) spiral microchannel used to focus 10 μm polystyrene particles. In …

Wireless Water Flow Meter Network In The Great Bay, Braden S. Blanchette

Honors Theses and Capstones

The Oyster Restoration Program alongside the New Hampshire chapter of the Nature Conservancy is working towards developing new oyster beds throughout the Great Bay. Sedimentation is proving to be a vast problem by covering up the beds before they have a chance to grow to a healthy level. The many rivers entering the Great Bay are bringing the sediments from all over the region and limiting the ability of the program to develop the new beds. They need a way to measure the sedimentation rate, by measuring the flow rate of the rivers over a single tidal cycle in various …