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Preliminary In Vivo Studies Of A New Injectable Bone Substitute, F. Millot, G. Grimandi, P. Weiss, G. Daculsi

Cells and Materials

Calcium-phosphate materials have been increasingly employed in orthopedic and dental applications in recent years and are now being developed for use in noninvasive surgery or as carriers for drug delivery systems. We developed an injectable bone substitute (IBS) for percutaneous orthopedic surgery which uses a biphasic calcium-phosphate (BCP) mixture composed of hydroxyapatite (60%) and ß-tricalcium phosphate (40%), together with a polymer (hydroxy-propyl-methyl-cellulose, HPMC) as a carrier. The best BCP/polymer ratio was determined to achieve the highest mineral phase in the composite and provide the rheological properties required for injectable material.

The in vivo biocompatibility and biofunctionality of IBS were …

Influence Of Aqueous And Solid-Phase Fe(Ii) Complexants On Microbial Reduction Of Crystalline Iron(Iii) Oxides, Matilde Urrutia, Eric E. Roden, John M. Zachara

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The influence of aqueous (NTA and EDTA) and solidphase (aluminum oxide, layer silicates) Fe(II) complexants on the long-term microbial reduction of synthetic goethite by Shewanella alga strain BrY was studied. NTA enhanced goethite reduction by promoting aqueous Fe(II) accumulation, in direct proportion to its concentration in culture medium (0.01-5 mM). In contrast, EDTA failed to stimulate goethite reduction at concentrations e1 mM, and 5 mM EDTA enhanced the final extent of reduction by only 25% in relation to nonchelator controls. The minor effect of EDTA compared to NTA, despite the greater stability of the Fe(II)- EDTA complex, likely resulted from …

Formation Of Cement Lines, But Not Laminae Limitantes, Requires Contact Of Differentiating Osteogenic Cells To Solid Surfaces, M. M. Hosseini, A. Shiga, J. E. Davies

Cells and Materials

We designed in vitro experiments to address the hypothesis that cement lines and laminae limitantes are structurally distinct as a result of cell contact, or absence of cell contact, during their elaboration. We subcultured young adult primary rat bone marrow cells in well inserts with polycarbonate membranes of 0.45 µm pore size, which allowed protein but not cell passage. The cells, extracellular matrix, lower side of the membrane and the surface of the polystyrene culture well were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The cells elaborated a bone-like matrix on top of the membrane. In such cultures the …

Summer 1999, 90.9 Wmpg Fm

WMPG Program Guides

Newspaper format

Behavior Of Melanoma Cells In Cell And Organ Cultures: Use Of Biomaterials To Activate Cells, J. L. Duval, N. Faucheux, R. Warocquier-Clérout, M. D. Nagel

Cells and Materials

It is well known that cell behaviors such as adhesion, proliferation and various synthesis are initiated from transmembrane signals. This study uses biomaterials as primary messengers of the cell activation pathways, and we have analyzed the effects of two biomaterials on highly metastatic tumor cells. B16F10 melanoma cells formed heterogeneous populations whose size varied with cell differentiation. In long-term organ cultures grown comparatively on AN 69 and Cuprophan (a biomembrane known to activate cells), we found that Cuprophan increased both adhesion and proliferation of small melanin-rich cells which represented differentiated melanocyte&. In dissociated cell cultures, the rate of early cell …

In Vitro Comparative Biocompatibility Testing Of Carbofilm Coated And Uncoated Polyetherimide For Cardiovascular Application, M. Bosetti, S. Mazzarelli, L. Nicolais, L. Ambrosio, M. Cannas

Cells and Materials

When blood contacts the surface of a material, several processes take place including the activation of coagulation and immune systems. The aim of this work is to study in vitro the biological reactions seen from the point of view of hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility of a new polymer suggested as an artificial surface for cardiovascular applications: Carbofilm® coated polyetherimide (C®PEI) in comparison to polyetherimide (PEI), the uncoated form. PEI and C®PEI showed no signs of acute cytotoxicity although following long term incubation with PEI cytotoxicity was somewhat increased; both materials supported good endothelial cell adhesion with a higher level of cell …

Evaluation Of Subsurface Drip Irrigation On Peppers, Stuart W. Styles, Charles M. Burt

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

This paper is a summary of two farms that utilized the California Energy Commission's low-interest loan program to facilitate their entry into drip irrigation. One farm is located near Oxnard, California, USA and the other is located near Gilroy, California, USA. Both of these growers farm about 162 hectares (400 acres) in their overall operations and used the loans to purchase subsurface drip irrigation systems for Peppers. Over $4 million in low-interest loans have been made available to California growers from the California Energy Commission (CEC) since 1986. The CEC initiated the loan program for growers to help implement energy …

Winter/Spring 1999, 90.9 Wmpg Fm

WMPG Program Guides

Newspaper format.

Image Analysis And The Effect Of Molecular Orientation On Degrading Lactide Polymer Films, K. J. L. Burg, M. Laberge, D. L. Powers, S. W. Shalaby

Cells and Materials

Absorbable polylactide films were studied in order to observe the effect of orientation on the resulting hydrolytic degradation pattern. Two types of polylactide films with two levels of molecular orientation were studied, during a nine month exposure to a phosphate buffered solution at 37°C. The films were sectioned and quantified as to void area, birefringence area, and intensity of birefringence using a microscope and an image analysis software package. The results, obtained using an analysis of variance, showed that the orientation played a significant role in the degradation pattern of the polylactide films, either decreasing or causing no change in …

Biomimetic Habitats For Cells: Ordered Matrix Deposition And Differentiation In Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured On Hydroxyapatite Coated With A Collagen Analogue, Rajendra S. Bhatnagar, Jing Jing Qian, Anna Wedrychowska, Eric Dixon, Nancy Smith

Cells and Materials

In tissues, cells attach and migrate on collagen. Interaction with collagen modulates cell proliferation and differentiation. We propose that similar environments may be constructed by immobilizing collagen-derived cell-binding peptides in a three-dimensional (3-D) template. We identified a cell binding domain of type I collagen and showed that a 15-residue synthetic analogue (P-15) binds cells with high affinity. In the present study, we compared the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) in culture on hydroxyapatite (HA) and on HA-P-15. HGF cultured on HA formed sparse monolayers with little order and deposited a scant matrix. HGF on HA-P-15 formed highly oriented 3-D …

Production Of Biogenic Mn Oxides By Leptothrix Discophora Ss-1 In A Chemically Defined Growth Medium And Evaluation Of Their Pb Adsorption Characteristics, Yarrow M. Nelson, Leonard W. Lion, William C. Ghiorse, Michael L. Shuler

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Biogenic Mn oxides were produced by the bacterium Leptothrix discophora SS-1 (= ATCC 3182) in a chemically defined mineral salts medium, and the Pb binding and specific surface area of these oxides were characterized. Growth of SS-1 in the defined medium with pyruvate as a carbon and energy source required the addition of vitamin B₁₂. Complete oxidation of Mn(II) within 60 h required the addition of ≥0.1 μM FeSO₄. Pb adsorption isotherms were determined for the biogenic Mn oxides (and associated cells with their extracellular polymer) and compared to the Pb adsorption isotherms of cells and …

Metal Oxide Surfaces And Their Interactions With Aqueous Solutions And Microbial Organisms, Gordon E. Brown Jr., Victor Henrich, William Casey, David Clark, Carrick Eggleston, Andrew Felmy Andrew Felmy, D. Wayne Goodman, Michael Gratzel, Gary Maciel, Maureen I. Mccarthy, Kenneth H. Nealson, Dimitri Sverjensky, Michael Toney, John M. Zachara

United States Department of Energy: Publications

During the past decade, interest in chemical reactions occurring at metal oxide-aqueous solution interfaces has increased significantly because of their importance in a variety of fields, including atmospheric chemistry, heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis, chemical sensing, corrosion science, environmental chemistry and geochemistry, metallurgy and ore beneficiation, metal oxide crystal growth, soil science, semiconductor manufacturing and cleaning, and tribology. The metal oxide-aqueous solution interface is reactive due to acid-base, ligand-exchange, and/or redox chemistry involving protons (hydronium ions), hydroxyl groups, aqueous metal ions, and aqueous organic species and also complexes among these species. Interfacial localization of those species (adsorption) may result from electrostatic, …

Analysis Of Ductile To Cleavage Transition In Part-Through Cracks Using The Cell Model Incorporating Statistics, Xiaosheng Gao, J. Faleskog, C. Fong Shih

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research

This paper describes an approach to study ductile/cleavage transition in ferritic steels using the methodology of a cell model for ductile tearing incorporating weakest link statistics. The model takes into account the constraint effects and puts no restriction on the extent of plastic deformation or amount of ductile tearing preceding cleavage failure. The parameters associated with the statistical model are calibrated using experimental cleavage fracture toughness data, and the effect of threshold stress on predicted cleavage fracture probability is investigated. The issue of two approaches to compute Weibull stress, the ‘history approach’ and the ‘current approach’, is also addressed. The …

Seepage Characteristics And Hydraulic Properties Of A Feedlot Runoff Storage Pond, David B. Parker, Dean E. Eisenhauer, Dennis D. Schulte, John A. Nienaber

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Water and chemical transport were investigated beneath a 22-year-old beef feedlot runoff storage pond. Soil and sludge samples were collected from 14 borings to 6.1-m depths in a cross-section across the pond. The soils consisted of silt loam and clay loam, and the groundwater level was about 30 m beneath the land surface. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, NO₃-N, NH₄-N, Cl, P, K, SO₄-S, TKN, and organic matter. Physical and hydraulic properties were measured on undisturbed samples of soil and sludge to compare saturated hydraulic conductivity, moisture release characteristics, and bulk density. Saturated …

Unbound Pavement Base Courses: Parallel Study Of Stiffness And Drainage Characteristics, Moussa Issa

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this project was to study the effects of fines (minus #4 sieve) on permeability and stiffness characteristics of unbound base materials and to propose an optimumgradation that will satisfy these two parameters. One type of highway base material--crushed limestone--was used in the study. A total of 75 laboratory tests were conducted and distributed--25 respectively on permeability, resilient modulus and unconfined compression. The permeability test data were collected using a low-head permeameter. The resilient modulus and unconfined compression test data were collected by the mean of the MTS (Machine Testing System) with a load cell capacity of 22-kips. …

Transition Criteria - From A Pit To A Crack, Tarun Goswami, David W. Hoeppner

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

A brief review of pitting, which is a localized corrosion process resulting from pitting and fatigue interaction has been conducted in this paper. The transition of a pit to a crack is a very important phenomenon occurring under PCF conditions. Various theories for transition of a pit to a crack were examined within the limits of present understanding and limitations of the models. The transition of a pit to a crack was also discussed for a variety of pit shapes utilizing the pit aspect ratios, defect size and linear elastic fracture mechanics, crack tip characterizing parameters such as Mode I …

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 1998, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

This document consolidates the reporting requirements of the base grant and regional competitive grant awards in a single technical report which includes: 1) a synopsis of each ongoing research project and of each research project completed during the period, 2) a list of reports published, 3) a brief description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.

Truck Route Access Evaluation: Paducah-Mccraken County, Us 60 Business Route And Locust Drive, Site #14, David H. Cain, Kenneth R. Agent, Brian Aldridge, Lisa Aultman-Hall, Nicole Lefever, Nikiforos Stamatiadis, Joel M. Weber

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

There are two main objectives of the Freight Movement and Intermodal Access in Kentucky Study (SPR 98-189) undertaken by the Kentucky Transportation Center for the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet: evaluation of the access for trucks between intermodal or other truck generating sites and the National Highway System (NHS); and furthering the understanding of freight commodity flows throughout the state. This report summarizes the access evaluation for one cluster of facilities located in McCracken county in the Purchase Area Development District (ADD) and KYTC Highway District # 1. The location of the site in Paducah is shown in Figure 1. Work on …

Graduate Catalog The School Of Computer And Info Sciences 1999-2000, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

School Of Computer And Information Sciences--Master Of Science Degree Programs 1999, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Grazing Reflection Of Gaussian Beams, Lee W. Casperson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The reflectivities of most surfaces are higher for grazing or near-90-deg angles of incidence than for more perpendicular or near-zero-deg angles. Grazing-incidence configurations are especially important in the development of lasers and optical systems that operate in the far-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray regions of the spectrum, where transparent or highly reflecting media are almost unknown. Analytical solutions of the paraxial wave equation are obtained for the grazing reflection and complex interference effects that take place when a Gaussian beam interacts at shallow angles with a reflecting surface.

Dynamic Modeling Of Pwm And Single-Switch Single-Stage Power Factor Correction Converters, Guangyong Zhu

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The concept of averaging has been used extensively in the modeling of power electronic circuits to overcome their inherent time-variant nature. Among various methods, the PWM switch modeling approach is most widely accepted in the study of closed-loop stability and transient response because of its accuracy and simplicity. However, a non-ideal PWM switch model considering conduction losses is not available except for converters operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and under small ripple conditions. Modeling of conductor losses under large ripple conditions has not been reported in the open literature, especially when the converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). …

Head Movement And Vision In Underwater-Feeding Birds Of Stream, Lake, And Seashore, Lee W. Casperson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies head movement and vision in underwater-feeding birds. Review of relevant literature on the physiological and behavioral aspects of vision; Role of vertical head movement as an aid in the acquisition of visual information.

Loss Detection In The Dairy Industry., Michael Quealy

Theses

In any waste management program, the primary objective must be minimizing product loss without having an affect on product quality. Good waste management is recognized as good manufacturing practice and optimizes the processes to gain the highest possible yield from the available raw materials. A good waste management program must involve the daily monitoring of effluent from the plant for volume and strength. This data needs to be analyzed sufficiently to obtain clear pictures of what problems are present and where they are originating. If this is achieved then the task of reducing the product loss is made much easier. …

Studies Related To The Design Of A Magnetic Suspension And Balance System For An Ultra-High Reynolds Number Flow Facility, Oscar Magno Michael Gomeiz

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The basic design principles for a magnetic suspension and balance system applied to the test section of an ultra-high Reynolds number facility are defined. The design of the cross-sectional area to be used in the test section is analyzed. The parameters of the permanent magnet to be used in the model inside the test section are investigated. The testing of magnetic fields at the center of a test pipe and validation of data by computer finite element analysis is described with the purpose of finding common results. The performance of the magnet configuration is evaluated with relation to the magnetic …

Remedy Selection For Cleanup Of Uncontrolled Waste Sites, Paul D. Bennett, Brad Brumbach, Tyrone W. Farmer, Preston L. Funkhouser Iv, Allen W. Hatheway

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Selection of remedy for uncontrolled hazardous waste sites involves comparisons of various technological approaches for minimization of threats and achievement of cleanup action levels. Approaches specified in the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (SUPERFUND Law) National Contingency Plan (40 CFR 300) are broadly labeled as actions, alternatives, and technologies. We have found considerable perplexity in denoting the rank-hierarchy of these approaches and have developed a classification system for dealing with the totality of available measures for consideration in selection of remedy.

The Dynamic Properties Of Confined Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Investigated By Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, Yuri Panarin, C. Rosenblatr, F.M. Aliev

Articles

Dynamic light scattering was used to examine ferrielectric liquid crystalline phases in porous media. Whereas in larger pores (200 Å) ferrielectric phases were observed, they were not found in the smallest pores (200 Å). Additionally, the temperatures of SmC - SmA phase transition were found to be suppressed in the pores relative to bulk, while SmCA - SmCγ phase transition is not affected by the confinement. These observations have been explained by the structural aspects of antiferroelectric liquid crystalline materials in a confined geometry and show the importance of long range electrostatic interaction for existence of ferrielectric phases.

Adaptive Resource Management Via Modular Feedback Control, Ashvin Goel, David Steere, Calton Pu, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A key feature of tomorrow’s operating systems and runtime environments is their ability to adapt. Current state of the art uses an ad-hoc approach to building adaptive software, resulting in systems that can be complex, unpredictable and brittle. We advocate a modular and methodical approach for building adaptive system software based on feedback control. The use of feedback allows a system to automatically adapt to dynamically varying environments and loads, and allows the system designer to utilize the substantial body of knowledge in other engineering disciplines for building adaptive systems. We have developed a toolkit called SWiFT that embodies this …

Feedback Based Dynamic Proportion Allocation For Disk I/O, Dan Revel, Dylan Mcnamee, Calton Pu, David Steere, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper we propose to use feedback control to automatically allocate disk bandwidth in order to match the rate of disk I/O to the real-rate needs of applications. We describe a model for adaptive resource management based on measuring the relative progress of stages in a producer-consumer pipeline. We show how to use prefetching to transform a passive disk into an active data producer whose progress can be controlled via feedback. Our progress-based framework allows the integrated control of multiple resources. The resulting system automatically adapts to varying application rates as well as to varying device latencies.

Steel Bridge Protection Policy: Metalization Of Steel Bridges: Research And Practice, Luh M. Chang, Tarek Zayed, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The study identifies various painting systems that are successfully used in Indiana’s surrounding states and other industries. The identified systems are further screened and evaluated. After prudently comparing INDOT’s inorganic zinc / vinyl system with the waterborne acrylic system, the moisture cure urethane coating system, and the 3-coat system of zinc-epoxy-urethane, the results show that the new 3-coat system fulfills INDOT’s needs with the most benefits. Therefore, the 3-coat system is recommended to replace INDOT present inorganic zinc / vinyl system. To deal with the problems facing the lead-based paint, a comparison between full-removal and over-coating alternatives is made. Results …