Digital Commons Network^™

Robust Load Frequency Control For Multiarea Electrical Power Systems Via Analytical Proportional-Integral-Derivative Plus Second Order Derivative Controller Design, Yavuz Güler, Mustafa Nalbantoğlu, Ibrahim Kaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This research presents a proportional-integral-derivative plus second order derivative (PIDD2) controller design based on the Direct Synthesis Method (DSM) for load frequency control (LFC) of interconnected power systems. The parameters of the proposed PIDD2 controller are determined using the DSM, which offers an analytical approach for tuning. The design approaches have been developed specifically for single, two, and three-area power systems, encompassing nonreheated and reheated thermal turbines. In the proposed design method, the best values of PIDD2 controller parameters were found by using a multicriteria objective function that includes the integral of absolute error (IAE) and settling time. In response …

Boundary Layer Sliding Mode Control Strategy For Variable-Speed Compressor In Deep Freezers: Experimental Validation Of Energy Efficiency And Freezing Capacity, Sertan Aksoy, Kami̇l Çeti̇n, Sezai̇ Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study presents the design and experimental validation of a nonlinear sliding mode controller developed for a deep freezer equipped with a variable-speed compressor. The proposed control strategy aims to minimize energy consumption while maintaining rapid and stable cooling performance under varying ambient conditions. A detailed thermal model of the deep freezer was established using an equivalent resistance–capacitance network representation, enabling precise analysis of temperature dynamics. The sliding mode-based control algorithm dynamically adjusts the compressor’s operating frequency according to temperature deviation, ambient conditions, and time-dependent factors, providing robust performance without requiring parameter retuning for different models. Beyond theoretical-based analysis, a …

Empowering Edge Intelligence Through Reparameterized Lightweight Transformers And Distributed Inference, Hosein Esmaeili, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi, Reza Radfar, Nazanin Pilevari

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Deploying advanced transformer-based models on resource-constrained edge devices remains a significant challenge due to their high memory footprint and substantial compute requirements. In this paper, we propose a reparameterized transformer framework that integrates High-Rank Factorization (HRF) during training, layer merging at inference, and dynamic, load-balanced distributed inference across multiple devices. To further reduce resource usage, our framework supports mixed-precision quantization down to 4-bit, enabling flexible accuracy–latency–energy trade-offs. Experimental evaluations on the ESC-50 environmental sound dataset demonstrate that our method matches or exceeds the performance of larger baseline models while using 20–30% fewer parameters, achieving up to 48% latency reduction in …

Measurement-Aware Zero-Phase Iterative Learning Control For Robust Regulation Of Nonideal Boost Converters In Electric Vehicle Fast Charging, Aytaç Altan, Mohammed S. Alzaidi, Cağfer Yanarateş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Integrating battery energy storage with DC-DC boost converters for electric vehicle fast charging exposes the regulator to ageing-induced parameter drift, periodic load pulses, and, critically, the nonidealities in the output-voltage sensing chain. This paper proposes a measurement-aware, zero-phase iterative learning control scheme for robust output-voltage regulation of a nonideal boost converter whose parameters are matched to those of a commercial Texas Instruments TPS6102x battery regulator. The controller combines an inner proportional-integral stabilizing loop with an outer zero-phase learning law that updates a feedforward correction based on the sensor-captured output trajectory; a forward-backward robustness filter suppresses the amplification of measurement noise …

A Binary Multiobjective Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm For Feature Selection In Phishing Website Detection, Fatima Belmessaoud, Sofiane Maza, Djaafar Zouache

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Phishing website detection remains a major challenge in cybersecurity as attackers continuously develop new techniques to deceive users. Identifying the most informative features from large datasets is essential to improve classification accuracy while reducing computational complexity. Feature selection is therefore widely addressed using metaheuristic optimization techniques due to their flexibility and global search capability. In this study, we propose a Binary Multiobjective Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm (B-MOHOA) for feature selection in phishing website detection. The proposed method simultaneously optimizes two conflicting objectives: maximizing classification accuracy and minimizing the number of selected features. Unlike many existing studies that mainly focus on transfer …

Range–Angle-Dependent Oam Beamforming With A Concentric Helical Circular Fda, Uğur Yeşi̇lyurt

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Secure and spatially selective wireless transmission requires orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams that are confined to a specific range and angle, rather than propagating indefinitely along the beam axis. In this paper, a concentric helical circular frequency diverse array (CHCFDA) is proposed to generate range–angle-dependent OAM beams without requiring external phase shifters. The helical element positioning inherently provides the necessary interelement phase distribution through physical step height, while logarithmically increasing frequency offsets are applied across concentric rings—and optionally across individual elements—to eliminate range periodicity and achieve a single, well-focused OAM beam exclusively at the target location. Both linear and logarithmic …

Reliable Performance Analysis Of Polyurea Coatings Used In Offshore Wind Turbines, Yu-Chang Lin, Yen-Fu Liu, I-Ming Pan, Ming-Yuan Lin, Kang-Yu Liao, Hung-Hua Sheu, Hung-Bin Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study explores the weather resistance, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of polyurea coatings in marine environments. The relevant analysis results can be used as a reliability assessment of offshore wind turbine structural coatings during their service life under the influence of marine environments. The long-term experiment uses seawater and 70°C thermal aging conditions as coating reliability assessment items. The microstructure of the samples that have been immersed in seawater for a long time and thermally aged is observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the surface of the 100 and 125 series polyurea coatings is …

Project-Based Conversion Versus Prototype-Based Instruction In Automotive Teacher Education, Ramdhani Ramdhani, Sriyono Sriyono, Wahid Munawar, Raafi Rizki Maulana, Apriyansah Bahrudin

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

The transition to electric and hydrogen mobility is reshaping the competencies that automotive vocational teaching requires, yet institutions with limited equipment must choose between authentic learning designs without evidence of what each produces. Indonesian research to date has built substitute learning media and reported feasibility ratings rather than measured learning. This study asks what cognitive and psychomotor gains two contrasting designs produce and how those gains compare. Two pre-experimental studies were conducted in one automotive teacher education programme in Indonesia. Study A used a time-series design across three project cycles of 200 minutes in which 15 undergraduates converted a combustion …

Between Blockchain And Black Markets: South Africa's Legal Readiness For Crypto-Driven Cyberfraud, Sagwadi Mabunda, Yassin Chande

Communications of the IIMA

This paper examines whether the proliferation of cryptocurrency-facilitated fraud warrants a reclassification of the terrestrial crime of fraud into the distinct statutory offence of cyberfraud under South African law. Engaging with established fraud typologies — exit scams, Initial Coin Offering (ICO) scams, Ponzi schemes, pump-and-dump schemes, and market manipulation — the article tests their definitional fit against both the common law of fraud and section 8 of the Cybercrimes Act 19 of 2020. Through a hypothetical composite scenario combining multiple fraud typologies, the article demonstrates that whilst cryptocurrency significantly amplifies the reach and complexity of fraudulent schemes, it functions primarily …

Bitseat: Reimagining The Financing For Airliners Using Nonfungible Tokens (Blockchain Technology), Edwin S. Ongola

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

This essay describes how blockchain technology, particularly nonfungible tokens, can be used to raise funding for airliners. The essay begins with a brief overview on the costs, categories, and acquisition methods of airliners. After that, the essay introduces concepts on blockchain technology, tokens, and smart contracts. The essay then touches on how nonfungible tokens can be used to facilitate fractional ownership of airliners. From there, the essay discusses Bitseat, a conceptual nonfungible token for fractional ownership of airliners, covering its overall design, appeal, marketplace alternatives, and challenges. Finally, in the discussion, the essay summarizes the overall concept and outlines its …

The Evolution Characteristics Of Gas Pressure Around Coal Seam Directional Long Extraction Boreholes With Nonlinear Extraction Negative Pressure, Zhang Qi, Jia Jinlong, Li Zhiguo, Zhang Longgang, Qin Zhengyuan, Zhang Weizhong, Li Jin

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Nonlinear pressure of coal seam gas in the directional borehole and surrounding areas affects extraction efficiency. A multi-field coupling numerical model, including gas desorption, diffusion, fracture seepage, and borehole extraction, is developed for the No. 3 coal seam of the GJH mine. Using the numerical simulation method of control variables, extraction was developed to investigate the nonlinear evolution of axial pressure gradients in directional long borehole and the spatiotemporal response characteristics of gas pressure. Results show that coal seam seepage pressure exhibits a nonlinear radial gradient attenuation around the borehole, evolving through rapid pressure change, stabilization, and slow adjustment. The …

Separation Of Ferric Ions From Waste Aqueous Solution Using Solvent Extraction/Precipitation Process With Deep Eutectic Solvents And Resonant Accoustic Mixing, Frank Agyemang

Honors Theses

The problem of ferric ions (Fe³⁺) in industrial wastewater is a critical issue for several sectors, such as mining, electronic plating, and metal finishing, due to both its environmental and economic impact. Traditional treatment methods using energy-intensive procedures and unsafe organic solvents are not in compliance with sustainability, but can succeed in achieving a valid metal recycling. By utilizing deep eutectic solvents (DES) and resonant vibratory mixing technology, an environmental friendly method is developed to selectively extract/precipitate ferric ions from waste aqueous solutions. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been developed to replace common organic solvents, representing environmental friendly alternatives with …

Techno-Economic Assessment Of Residential Prosumer Systems Using Real Household Consumption Data: A Case Study From Bosnia And Herzegovina, Alen Selmanović, Mehrija Hasičić

Communications of the IIMA

This paper evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of residential prosumer implementation in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, through the integration of photovoltaic (PV) generation and battery energy storage. A simulation‑based assessment was performed in HOMER Pro using a measured 12‑month household load profile with an average daily consumption of 11.25 kWh and a peak demand of 2.85 kW. Six system configurations were investigated, consisting of 3 kW, 4 kW, and 5 kW PV installations, each analyzed with and without a 5.04 kWh lithium‑ion battery, over a 25‑year project lifetime under a zero‑credit export scheme. Among the analyzed configurations, the …

Studying Electromagnetic Wave Scattering From Small Dielectric Particles Using Neural Networks, Bryan Taylan, Patrick Corzo, Chris Velissaris, Theodoros Panagiotakopoulos

Undergraduate Scholarship and Creative Works

Physics-informed neural networks solve the Helmholtz equation without labeled data, but a low residual alone does not confirm that a solution preserves the physical distinction a downstream task depends on. We trained a four-layer SIREN with physics-based residuals, a Sommerfeld condition, Adam, and L-BFGS, modeling a Gaussian source and a plane wave scattering from a small dielectric inclusion. Fine-tuning from four base models produced 600 complex fields spanning omega = 4 to 20. A compact CNN, three ResNet-18 variants, and a frozen OpenCLIP encoder classified these fields under five random seeds. The CNN achieved (95.65 +/- 0.77)% accuracy, outperforming OpenCLIP …

Artificial Intelligence In Food Engineering For Food Safety, Quality Assurance, And Human Health, Ayad Abbood Abdulhasan, A. M. Mustafa, F. F. Sayyid, Marwan B. Hussein, Mohanad Muzahem Khalaf

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly reshaping food engineering by providing data-driven tools for safeguarding food safety, ensuring quality assurance, and improving human health outcomes. This review synthesizes current evidence on the application of machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and the Internet of Things (IoT) across the food production continuum, from raw material inspection to consumer-facing nutrition guidance. We examine how convolutional neural networks, hyperspectral imaging, and sensor-fusion approaches enable rapid, non-destructive detection of contaminants and pathogens, and how predictive models support shelf-life estimation and quality grading. We further discuss AI-enabled traceability systems, including blockchain-integrated supply chains, and the growing …

Microwave Thermal Pre-Treatment To Improve Nickel Extraction From Lateritic Ore, Johana Borda, Daniel Sosa, Robinson Torres

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Two heat treatment processes for a nickeliferous laterite sample are presented, one by the conventional muffle route and the other by microwave. The heating was carried out in order to improve the dissolution of nickel in an acid medium. The study describes the changes observed in the mineral for the increase in temperature as a consequence of radiation in the microwave and in the muffle. The changes in the mineral crystalline phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The leaching media consisted of a 1 M sulfuric acid solution at ambient conditions for 7 h. The interaction between the reagent and …

Ask Dr. Wang: A Community Conversation On Ai At Cary Library, Stephen Yang, Zhengjia Yang, Julie Yin, Eric Gu, Jiawei Liu

Paul English Applied Artificial Intelligence (AI) Institute Publications

This report describes a community engagement project by the Youth STEAM Initiative (YSI) in conjunction with a public talk by Dr. Haixun Wang, “How AI Remembers, Imagines, and Creates,” held at the Cary Memorial Library in Lexington, Massachusetts. Prior to the talk, YSI collected questions and perspectives from community members through an online survey, gathering thirteen responses spanning students, parents, and professionals. This report summarizes the talk, themes that emerged from those responses, the community’s views on AI creativity, and reflections from the YSI team.

Review: Advancements In Fibrous Aerosol Filtration Across Experimental Analysis, Numerical Modeling, And Fabrication Technologies, Mirza Muhammad Zaid, Ashish Ranjan Kumar, Ashish Kakoria, Lina Zheng, Guang Xu

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The increasing incidence of aerosol-related pulmonary diseases has intensified the need for efficient fibrous filtration technologies capable of capturing ultrafine particles with low pressure drop. Although nonwoven fibrous filters are widely used in medical, industrial, and ventilation systems, their complex internal structures and multiscale transport mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This review examines the theoretical foundations of aerosol filtration, including single-fiber capture mechanisms and the concept of the most penetrating particle size. In addition, electrostatic interactions, including charge generation, transport, and stability, are incorporated to extend conventional mechanical filtration frameworks. Particular attention is given to flow–particle interactions within fibrous media. We …

The Instability And Unsustainability Of Our Planned, Or Imagined Media Future, Thom Gencarelli

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

In the face of the growth and planned growth of industrial developments in artificial intelligence, embodied AI, immersive media/virtual reality, and the fintech industry and cryptocurrencies – and the energy requirements for each of these and all of them together – this paper examines the question of whether the plans for growth and future development in these areas is probable, possible, problematic, or impossible.  Additionally, the examination is situated atop both state-based and criminal threats to use the Internet and mobile Internet to wreak havoc and instability.

Isolating Human Monocytes And Characterizing Human Macrophage Polarization Through Flow Cytometry And Morphological Analysis, Arthur Peter Klujian

Biomedical Engineering

Peripheral Artery Occlusive Disease (PAOD) is a cardiovascular disease that affects more than 200 million people. It is characterized by atherosclerosis, a biologic process where peripheral arteries are restricted due to a buildup in cholesterol and fats. This eventually leads to ischemia, developing complications such as chronic inflammation and possible limb amputation. The current standard of care for patients includes surgical revascularization and exercise therapy. These treatment strategies have had limited success with alleviating symptoms and restoring perfusion, however, many patients still experience ischemia and do not fully restore blood flow. Further exploration in pursuit of treating these shortcomings led …

Automated Haulage Trucks: Impact On Workplace Safety And Efficiency In Surface Mining Systems, Samuel Frimpong, Mabel Obosu

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mining industry continues to face significant safety challenges, particularly with powered haulage equipment (PHE). PHE incidents account for a substantial percentage of mining-related fatalities, often resulting from vehicle collisions, equipment rollovers, operator errors, and blind-spot hazards. Despite the industry's efforts to improve safety protocols, fatal accidents involving haulage trucks remain persistent. The mining industry has increasingly adopted automation to enhance operational efficiency and improve safety, particularly in surface mines where haulage truck accidents remain a critical concern. Automation has significantly reduced human exposure to hazardous tasks by removing operators from dangerous environments, thereby mitigating risks associated with human error …

Biodesulfurization Of Crude Oil Using Locally Isolated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa From Oil-Contaminated Soil In Iraqi Kurdistan, Yousif Mohammed Sharif, Sherwan Mohammed Simo, Lokman Aziz Abdulkareem, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Locally sourced crude oil from Iraqi Kurdistan contains recalcitrant organosulfur compounds that impair air quality, corrode refinery equipment, and hinder compliance with fuel sulfur regulations. This study isolated a Pseudomonas sp. closely related to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa from oil-contaminated soil near Kashy Refinery (Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq) and evaluated its biodesulfurization potential as an environmentally friendly alternative to hydrodesulfurization. Batch experiments were conducted at 34 °C and atmospheric pressure using mineral salts medium supplemented with 1%, 3%, and 5% (v/v) Tawki crude oil. The highest sulfur removal efficiency of 83.33% was obtained at 1% (v/v) crude oil after 10 …

How Do Governments Combat Jihad Online?, Noah Cook

Honors College Theses

Since the September 11th, 2001 attacks, jihadist groups like ISIS, al-Qaeda, and al-Shabaab have used the internet as a tool for recruitment, radicalization, and propaganda dissemination. Since then, governments, non-governmental organizations, and private companies have developed strategies to combat jihadism on the internet. This paper examines how these actors have worked to mitigate the digital jihadist footprint and its effects by analyzing three main approaches to countering violent Islamist extremism on the internet: counter narrative initiatives, awareness-raising programs, and content removals. This paper finds that each of these methods has its own strengths and weaknesses. Counter narrative campaigns show the …

In Situ Electrochemical Characterization Techniques For Active Hydrogen In Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction To Ammonia, Hong-Mei Li, Mei Yi, Zhao-Yu Jin, Ming-Hao Xie, Khalid M. Omer, Yong Guo, Pan-Pan Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NitRR) represents a sustainable pathway that integrates environmental remediation with the production of high-value ammonia. However, the activity and selectivity of this process are limited by the generation, consumption, and dynamic equilibrium of the key transient intermediate—active hydrogen (*H). Precise modulation of *H necessitates a comprehensive understanding of its behavior, which relies fundamentally on advanced in situ electrochemical characterization techniques. However, a systematic review dedicated to the rational selection and application of in situ electrochemical techniques for the specific characterization of *H in NitRR, with clear definitions of each technique's "detectable targets, quantitative accuracy, and …

Neural Network Driven By Electrochemical Performance Data For Predicting The Discharge Termination Time Of Seawater Electrolyte-Based Metal-Air Batteries, Peng-Peng Shen, Yi-Chi Pan, Yu-Rong Liu, Lu-Dan Zhang, Ning Niu, Guan-Jun Wang, De-Kun Yang, Xin-Long Tian, Peng Rao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Seawater electrolyte-based metal-air batteries exhibit great promise for marine energy supply systems. However, conventional statistical analysis methods, though applicable to seawater metal-air battery lifetime prediction, have inherent limitations of insufficient prediction accuracy and large error. Herein, a deep time-series regression framework based on InceptionTime and incorporating prior-biased attention pooling is proposed to construct a nonlinear mapping between electrochemical performance sequences and the discharge termination time of catalysts. Specifically, chronoamperometric profiles are employed to extract long-term stability features, while prior knowledge derived from linear sweep voltammetry is introduced to strengthen the attention weighting over critical potential regions. Under a nested leave-one-catalyst-out …

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Of Core-Shell Structured Pd@Pdptcufe Recessed Truncated Octahedral Nanocrystals For Multifunctional Electrocatalysis, De-Zhong Hu, Wen-Dan Jiang, Wei Keat Ng, Jun Yang, Xiong-Wu Kang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Developing cost-efficient and durable multifunctional electrocatalysts of hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is crucial for improving energy conversion efficiency in electrolytic water splitting electrolyzer and advancing rechargeable zinc-air batteries. Polyhedral shaped nanocrystals with well-defined crystal facets represent a type of model catalysts that enables the exploration of structure-activity relationships. However, it is still very challenging to prepare alloy nanocrystals with multiple metal components due to their complicated redox potentials and mixing enthalpy. Herein, we report a rapid microwave-assisted polyol reduction method for syntheses of core-shell Pd@PdPtCu, Pd@PdPtCuNi, Pd@PdPtCuCo and Pd@PdPtCuZn octahedral nanocrystals, and recessed truncated-octahedral …

Biki: Design Overhaul, Meg Rawson

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

For children from bilingual households, kindergarten can represent both an introduction to formal mathematics education and a period of increased exposure to the English language. Students may therefore be learning foundational mathematical concepts while simultaneously developing the English vocabulary used to describe those concepts. BiKi (Bilingual Math for Kindergartners) was developed to help bridge this gap through an educational application that combines visual, auditory, and interactive learning activities to reinforce mathematical vocabulary in both English and a student’s home language.

This work builds upon the existing BiKi application while maintaining its original educational goals and intended audience. The primary focus …

Residential Cooling Energy Efficiency During Heatwaves In South Texas, Rosa A. Castan, Gasser G. Ali

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Heatwaves have become increasingly intense and frequent in recent years. As a result, residents are forced to rely on air-conditioning systems, a major contributor to high energy consumption. South Texas is one of the regions that has been affected by historically extreme heat. This paper explores the challenges this region has faced due to heatwaves and the strategies adopted to mitigate their effects. It investigates the use of cooling technologies, energy-related habits, and investment in home construction to reduce indoor heat and manage electricity bills. A literature review is performed to help identify relevant factors related to maximizing energy efficiency. …

Shining A Spotlight On Maritime Dark Traffic, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Darren Jones, Rob Knight, Rupert Taylor, Leo Jofeh, Sir Martin Sweeting, Per Atle Våland, Simon Flack, Patrik Mandelin, Håkon Heier

Small Satellite Conference

The ability to support Maritime Domain Awareness from space using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has been successfully demonstrated in the past, however practical challenges in achieving the necessary area coverage, temporal coverage and spatial resolution for a practical system has eluded wider adoption. Yet demand for Maritime Surveillance has increased in recent years, to protect important maritime energy and communications infrastructure, fisheries, and maritime reserves, and especially for maintaining national security and territorial integrity. A novel approach to the SAR payload design solves these challenges, and smallsat technologies have also matured to the point where a High-Resolution Wide-Swath (HRWS) system …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.