Digital Commons Network^™

Software And Hardware Requirements For Some Applications Of Parallel Computing To Industrial Problems, Geoffrey C. Fox

Northeast Parallel Architecture Center

We discuss the hardware and software requirements that appear relevant for a set of industrial applications of parallel computing, these are divided into 33 separate categories, and come from a recent survey of industry in New York State. The software discussions includes data parallel languages, message passing, databases, and high-level integration systems. The analysis is based on a general classification of problem architectures originally developed for academic applications of parallel computing. Suitable hardware architectures are suggested for each application. The general discussion is crystalized with three case studies: computational chemistry, computational fluid dynamics, including manufacturing, and Monte Carlo Methods.

Ultrasonic Detection Of A Plastic Hinge In Bolted Timber Connections, David Pollock, Donald A. Bender, Don E. Bray, James T P Yao

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Connections between structural members are critical elements that typically govern the performance of structural systems; hence, techniques for monitoring the condition of connections are needed to provide early warning of structural damage. Plastic hinge formation in fasteners frequently occurs in timber connections when the yield capacity is exceeded. An innovative pulse echo testing technique was developed for detecting the formation of a plastic hinge in bolted timber connections and estimating the associated magnitude of connection displacement. A shift in overall signal centroid proved to be the best flTedictor of plastic hinge formation, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9. …

Room Temperature Aging Of Pd-Cu-Ga Dental Alloys, William A. Brantley, Zhuo Cai, Qiang Wu, Alan B. Carr, John C. Mitchell

Cells and Materials

Specimens of three Pd-Cu-Ga dental alloys cast five years ago and subsequently stored at room temperature were reexamined and observed to have lower amounts of the eutectic constituents in the near-surface region than originally present, along with other microstructural changes. This previously unreported room temperature aging behavior of these alloys is attributed to the presence of high-diffusivity paths in the non-equilibrium ascast eutectic structures and to the essential role of the surface for the vacancy diffusion mechanism. These results may have important clinical significance for the ill vivo corrosion resistance and long-term biocompatibility of the Pd-Cu-Ga alloys.

Biomaterials Associated Infections: The Scale Of The Problem, David J. Stickler, Robert J. C. Mclean

Cells and Materials

The biomaterials used in the manufacture of implanted prosthetic devices profoundly impair the host's ability to opsonise and phagocytose invading microbes. As a result, while these devices generally provide effective relief from painful, crippling and life-threatening disorders, they can also induce vulnerability to infection in the recipients. The surfaces of the implants are susceptible to colonisation by microbial biofilms. The cells in the biofilm.s are further protected against opsonophagocytosis and are also resistant to antibacterials. Device associated infections thus tend to be refractile to antibiotic therapy and in many cases the device has to be removed before the infection will …

Teaching Civil Engineering Design: Observations And Experiences, Charles Darwin Morris, Roger A. Laboube

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Civil engineering design is an inspired activity. It offers the engineer a high degree of autonomy to conceive or create a unique, state-of-the-art, functional, costeffective facility. Civil engineering design calls on the talent of the engineer to balance the client's end-use requirements and financial resources, with the safety ofthe occupants. Because the process of engineering design has such a vast degree of freedom, teaching the concepts inherent in design is a very challenging, and at times frustrating, endeavor. The present paper discusses the many facets of the senior design course developed at the University of Missouri- Rolla to include a …

Impulse, Dana Bieber, Jeremiah Gardner, Lois Hatton, Cindy Price

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

Features:
[Page 2-5] SDSU Engineering reaches all comers of the region
[Page 6] Students fly at ACE Camp
[Page 7] TAP-IN program helps defense industry
[Page 7] Balloon project up, up and away
[Page 8] ENTRE program successful in first year
[Page 8] ENTRE staff attends national conference
[Page 9] Electronics Engineering Technology program enters 10th year
[Page 10] SDSU/NASA tie strengthened by summer research
[Page 11] Space grant renewed for 1995
[Page 11] Private donations help support Ground Source Heat Pump Lab
[Page 11] SDSU helps Mitchell firm develop database system
Departments:
Faculty:
[Page 10] Two SDSU employees win …

Synthetic Hydrogel As An Artificial Vitreous Body. A One-Year Animal Study Of Its Effects On The Retina, T. V. Chirila, I. J. Constable, Y. Hong, S. Vijayasekaran, M. F. Humphrey, P. D. Dalton, S. G. Tahija, M. A. L. Maley, M. J. H. Cuypers, C. Sharp, S. R. Moore, M. J. Davies

Cells and Materials

A hydrogel with a high water content was assessed in vitro and in vivo as a possible vitreous substitute. From a large series of polymers produced by the aqueous polymerization of methyl acrylamidoglycolate methyl ether (MAGME), a gel synthesized in 80% water was selected for an animal study. The gel was injected intravitreally into rabbit eyes and followed clinically by ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, and fundus photography. The gel was clinically well tolerated, but after 6 months ophthalmoscopy revealed progressive pallor of the optic nerve head. The eyes were enucleated one year after injection of polymer. Histopathological examination by light microscopy of …

Three-Dimensional Morphology And Platelet Adhesion On Pyrolytic Carbon Heart Valve Materials, S. L. Goodman, K. S. Tweden, R. M. Albrecht

Cells and Materials

Low-temperature isotropic pyrolytic carbon (LTIC) is the preferred material for mechanical heart valve prosthetics due to its durability and good thromboresistance, although thromboembolic complications remain a significant clinical problem. LTlC morphology has been previously studied using scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). However, these microscopies have limitations with imaging rough surfaces. In this study, LTIC valve leaflets from CarboMedics, Inc. and St. Jude Medical, Inc. were prepared and polished exactly as used in clinical prosthetics, and examined at magnifications up to macromolecular resolution using stereo-pair low-voltage SEM (LV -SEM). LV -SEM reveals that LTIC …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 37 Number 1, Winter 1995, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - THE JESUIT CASE DECLASSIFIED Secret documents reveal what the United States knew.... and what it failed to do about the Jesuit murders in El Salvador. By Peter Kornbluh

10 - EASTERN ENLIGHTENMENT SCU's new religion chair draws from her latest book to discuss how Christians can derive a greater understanding of their own faith through an appreciation of Buddhism. By Denise Lardner Carmody

13 - WASTE NOT As part of SCU's Institute on Ecology, students, faculty, and staff assess how well the University is using its own environmental resources.

17 - THE DOMESTIC CHURCH MEETS THE PARISH CHURCH …

Bone Absorptiometry In Metabolic Bone Disease: Baseline Values And Long-Term Treatment With Calcitriol (Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis Versus Osteomalacia), A. Caniggia, B. Frediani

Cells and Materials

Total body bone absorptiometry reveals low mineral density in both postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteomalacia patients. The method was used to investigate the effect of calcitriol administration on patients suffering from one of these conditions. In osteomalacia, the administration of calcitriol resulted in a dramatic improvement in bone mineral density (sometimes up to 50% in 12 months), indicating the rapid mineralization of previously uncalcified bone tissue as a result of the normalization of the Ca x P product. In osteoporosis a similar treatment was seen to halt the progressive decrease in bone mineral levels and sometimes resulted in minor increases in …

Optical Bone Chambers As Tools For Studying The Bone-Implant Interface: A Review, Howard Winet

Cells and Materials

Bone chamber intravital microscopy combines the control volume of in vitro models and the chemical complexity of in vivo models to optimize the study of bone physiology in situ. As an optical tool it provides a window to dynamic events at the tissue level of magnification. In particular, it allows measures of microvascular events: (1) in space by magnifying local perfused vasculature and microcirculation at any instant, and (2) in time by providing the same volume of tissue for weekly viewing of an evolving process such as bone healing. This quartz-bearing titanium screw has revealed a consistent order for …

Some Observations On The Structure Of Encrusting Biofilms Of Proteus Mirabilis On Urethral Catheters, C. Winters, D. J. Stickler, N. S. Howe, T. J. Williams, N. Wilkinson, C. J. Buckley

Cells and Materials

A physical model of the bladder has been used to study the process of urinary catheter encrustation. Techniques have been devised for the preparation of sections through these encrustations in situ on the luminal surfaces of catheters and for mapping the distribution of calcium and magnesium in the biofilms. Transmission electron microscopy on these sections showed struvite-like crystals lying in the matrix and in direct contact with the catheter surface. Calcium phosphate ("bioapatite") was distributed throughout the film and many of these amorphous particles appear to have cells at their cores. Freeze-substituted sections of biofilms also showed electron dense materials …

Information Theoretic Mask Analysis Of Rainfall Time Series Data, Martin Zwick, Hui Shu, Roy Koch

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study explores an information-theoretic/log-linear approach to multivariate time series analysis. The method is applied to daily rainfall data(4 sites, 9 years), originally quantitative but here treated as dichotomous. The analysis ascertains which lagged variables are most predictive of future rainfall and how season can be optimally defined as an auxiliary predicting parameter. Call the rainfall variables at the four sites A...D, and collectively, Z, the lagged site variables at t-1, E,,,H, at t-2, I...L, etc. and the seasonal parameter, S. The best model, reducing the Shannon uncertainty, u(Z), by 22%. is HGFSJK Z, where the independent variables, H through …

Effectiveness Of Vegetative Filter Strips In Controlling Losses Of Surface-Applied Poultry Litter Constituents, Indrajeet Chaubey, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr., D. Jeff Nichols

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to have high potential for reducing nonpoint source pollution from cultivated agricultural source areas, but information from uncultivated source areas amended with poultry litter is limited. Simulated rainfall was used in analyzing effects of VFS length (0, 3.1, 6.1, 9.2, 15.2, and 21.4 m) on quality of runoff from fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plots (1.5 x 24.4 m) amended with poultry litter (5 Mg/ha). The VFS reduced mass transport of ammonia-nitrogen (NH₃-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ortho-phosphorus (PO₄-P), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended …

Vehicle Maintenance Pollution Prevention, University Of Northern Iowa. Small Business Pollution Prevention Center.

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Book Gallery

Pollution prevention can be defined as: "The use of materials, processes, or practices that reduces or eliminates the creation of pollutants or wastes at the source.” (EPA) Pollution prevention represents a shift away from the old school of thought, “pollution control,” in which waste was not dealt with until after it was generated. Through pollution prevention, we look at the processes that generate the waste to see if we can avoid creating a waste in the first place, or at least reduce the hazardous nature of the waste. When this is not possible, the next best solution to prevent wastes …

Thermoplastic Composites Of Recycled High Density Polyethylene And Recycled Tire Particles, James N. Mckirahan Jr.

Masters Theses

This study identified the mechanical properties and processibility of composite materials of recycled high density polyethylene (HDPE), recycled rubber tire particles, and/or ethyl co-vinyl acetate and poly (e-caprolactone). The composites were processed using a single screw extrusion system.

Three groups of experiments were conducted, on the composites in their extruded form to investigate the mechanical properties of ultimate tensile strength, percent elongation, and hardness. The first experiment investigated the effect of recycled rubber particle concentration in the composites up to 25 percent. The second experiment investigated the effect of recycled rubber particle size on the composites of recycled HDPE and …

Methsnotrophic Biodegradation Of Trichloroethylene In A Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor, Carol E. Aziz, Mark W. Fitch, Larry K. Linquist, Jonathan G. Pressman, George Georgiou, Gerald E. Speitel

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biodegradation of Trichloroethlyene (TCE) in a Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor Was Investigated using a Mutant of the Methanotrophic Bacteria, Methylosinus Trichosporium 0B3b. Contaminated Water Flowed through the Lumen (I.e., Fiber Interior), and the Bacteria Circulated through the Shell Side of the Membrane Module and an External Growth Reactor. in Mass Transfer Studies with a Radial Cross-Flow Membrane Module, 78.3-99.9% of the TCE Was Removed from the Lumen at Hydraulic Residence Times of 3-15 Min in the Lumen and the Shell. in Biodegradation Experiments, 80-95% of the TCE Was Removed from the Lumen at Hydraulic Residence Times of 5-9 Min in …

A User’S Guide For By Product And Discarded Material Utilization In Highway Construction And Maintenance, Kamyar C. Mahboub, David Q. Hunsucker

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report presents a user's guide for an expert decision-making system that utilizes findings of an extensive literature search and review conducted as part of this study. The literature search and review were conducted to determine current attitudes and document available technical data relative to the use of recyclable and recoverable materials in highway construction and maintenance activities. Specifically, the literature search focused upon the engineering, economic, and performance aspects of using recyclable and recoverable materials in highway construction and maintenance projects. The effort centered upon asphalt and Portland cement concrete pavement recycling, discarded tire recycling, reuse of paint removal …

Learning To Ignore: Psychophysics And Computational Modeling Of Fast Learning Of Direction In Noisy Motion Stimuli, Lucia M. Vaina, V. Sundareswaran, John G. Harris

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effects of practice on the discrimination of direction of motion in briefly presented noisy dynamic random dot patterns are investigated in several forced-choice psychophysical tasks. We found that the percentage of correct responses on any specific task increases linearly with repetition of trials within roughly 200 trials from about chance to a performance of 90% or better. The level of performance remained constant or improved over several days, and in most instances, it did not transfer when stimulus parameters changed. We used a modified Radial Basis Function (RBF) representation to model the psychophysical tasks. The performance of the model …

The Influence Of Uranyl Hydrolysis And Multiple Site-Binding Reactions On Adsorption Of U(Vi) To Montmorillonite, James P. Mckinley, John M. Zachara, Steven C. Smith, Gary D. Turner

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Adsorption of uranyl to SWy- 1 montmorillonite was evaluated experimentally and results were modeled to identify likely surface complexation reactions responsible for removal ofuranyl from solution. Uranyl was contacted with SWy- 1 montmorillonite in a NaC104 electrolyte solution at three ionic strengths (I = 0.001, 0.01, 0.1), at pH 4 to 8.5, in a N_2(g) atmosphere. At low ionic strength, adsorption decreased from 95% at pH 4 to 75% at pH 6.8. At higher ionic strength, adsorption increased with pH from initial values less than 75%; adsorption edges for all ionic strengths coalesced above a pH of 7. A …

Kemod: A Mixed Chemical Kinetic And Equilibrium Model Of Aqueous And Solid Phase Geochemical Reactions, G. T. Yeh, G. A. Iskra, J. E. Szecsody, John M. Zachara, G. P. Streile

United States Department of Energy: Publications

This report presents the development of a mixed chemical Kinetic and Equilibrium MODel (KEMOD), in which every chemical species can be treated either as a equilibrium-controlled or as a kinetically controlled reaction. The reaction processes include aqueous complexation, adsorption/ desorption, ion exchange, precipitation/dissolution, oxidation/reduction, and acid/base reactions. Further development and modification of KEMOD can be made in: (1) inclusion of species switching solution algorithms, (2) incorporation of the effect of temperature and pressure on equilibrium and rate constants, and (3) extension to high ionic strength.

Webwork: Integrated Programming Environment Tools For National And Grand Challenges, Geoffrey C. Fox, Wojtek Furmanski, Marina Chen, Claudio Rebbi, James H. Cowie

Physics - All Scholarship

Challenging-scale problems consistently demand solutions that fuse geographically distributed and heterogeneous data, personnel, expertise, and resources. For example, national health care problems require collaboration among experts of fields as diverse as medical informatics, public policy, robotics, and high performance computing to solve problems ranging from telemedicine to cost management and quality control. Indeed, many National Challenges include Grand Challenges as subcomponents. We can pose the Integrated Challenge as the solution of etaproblems hosted on world-wide metacomputers linking all three aspects: simulation, information processing, and collaboration. We suggest a hybrid approach to Integrated Challenges that combines World-Wide Web (WWW) technologies with …

On The Use Of Students For Developing Engineering Laboratories, Bopaya Bidanda, Richard E. Billo

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper describes a unique and innovative approach that solved the dual problem of starting up a new engineering instructional laboratory in a timely manner, and for teaching engineering students advanced skills in Automatic Data Collection. Students enrolled in a special pilot course were used to develop and startup an Automatic Data Collection laboratory. These students were assigned individual Automatic Data Collection technologies of interest and given total responsibility for the successful startup of the laboratory. The organization and structure of the course modeled the typical team oriented project development efforts in industry. Feedback from students showed the course to …

Use Of Time Domain Reflectometry For Determination Of Water Content An Density Of Soil, Shafiqul I. Siddiqui, Vincent P. Drnevich

JTRP Technical Reports

A new method is developed for measuring in-place density and moisture content of soil using the technique of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The method is applicable for construction control of earthworks. The method is extended for measuring moisture content of soil in the laboratory and in the field for various other geotechnical purposes. Laboratory uses include measuring moisture content of soil in compaction molds; field uses include measuring moisture content of soil in Shelby tubes and soil retrieved during drilling and sampling operations. In the course of achieving these goals, this study develops the principles of TDR probe design, test …

La Résistance Des Gants À La Coupure : Développement D'Une Méthode D'Essai, Jaime Lara, Denis Turcot, Renaud Daigle, Jérôme Boutin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

A Neural Network Thrust Force Controller To Minimize Delamination During Drilling In Graphite Epoxy Laminates, Robert B. Stone

Masters Theses

"Delamination is a well-recognized problem associated with drilling in fiber-reinforced composite materials (FRCM). The most noted problems occur as the drill enters and exits the FRCM. Since drilling is often a final operation during assembly, any defects introduced in parts by drilling represent an expensive loss. Studies based on linear elastic fracture mechanics theory have proposed critical thrust forces in the various drilling regions that will prevent crack growth or delamination. Using these critical thrust force curves as a guide, a thrust force controller was developed to minimize the delamination while drilling in graphite epoxy laminates. A neural network control …

Concrete Pavement Crack And Seat Performance Overlay Design, Haiming Huang, Thomas D. White

JTRP Technical Reports

The objective of this study is to develop guidelines and criteria for design and construction of overlays on cracked and seated concrete pavements. The main factors which are investigated in this study include number of the seated roller pass, weight of seating roller pass, weight of seating roller, thickness of overlay, fiber content and fiber layer location. Eleven test sections were constructed on I-65 and twenty two test sections were constructed on US-31. An extensive investigation was conducted involving both field and laboratory testing. Field investigations included pavement condition survey and non destructive testing (NDT) of the pavements using FWD …

Theoretically Optimal Duty Cycles For Chest And Abdominal Compression During External Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Charles F. Babbs, Keir Thelander

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Objective: To use an electronic model of human circulation to compare the hemodynamic effects of different durations of chest compression during external CPR, both with, and without interposed abdominal compression (IAC). Methods: An electrical analog model of human circulation was studied on digital computer workstations using SPICE, a general-purpose circuit simulation program. In the model the heart and blood vessels were represented as resistive-capacitive networks, pressures as voltages, blood flow as electric current, blood inertia as inductance, and cardiac and venous valves as diodes. External pressurization of the heart and great vessels, as would occur in IAC-CPR, was simulated by …

Preliminary Results Of Deferoxamine And L1 Treatment Of Spinal Cord Ischemia, David G. Reuter, Willis A. Tacker Jr, Charles F. Babbs, Stephen F. Badylak, William D. Voorhees, Peter E. Konrad

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Solid Waste Disposal Site Characterization Using Non-Intrusive Electromagnetic Survey Techniques And Geostatistics, Gary N. Kuhn, Wayne E. Woldt, David D. Jones, Dennis D. Schulte

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Prior to the research reported in this paper, a site-specific hydrogeologic investigation was developed for a closed solid waste facility in Eastern Nebraska using phased subsurface characterizations. Based on the findings of this prior investigation, a surface based geoelectric survey using electromagnetic induction to measure subsurface conductivity was implemented to delineate the vertical and horizontal extent of buffed waste and subsurface contamination. This technique proved to be a key non-intrusive, cost-effective element in the refinement of the second phase of the hydrogeologic investigation.

Three-dimensional ordinary kriging was used to estimate conductivity values at unsampled locations. These estimates were utilized to …