Digital Commons Network^™

A Generalized Correlation For The Effect Of Pressure On The Isobaric Heat Capacity Of Gases, Alvin Harvey Weiss

Theses

A generalized correlation is submitted for the deviation of the isobaric heat capacity of hydrocarbons from the ideal state. The range of conditions included is from reduced pressure = 0.2 - 15 and reduced temperature = 1.0 - 5.5. The curves presented have been based on data calculated from the Benedict - Webb - Rubin Equation of State, which is believed to be the most accurate method presently available for caleulating the heat capacity deviation.

The results indicate that the order of magnitude of the correction ts quite large, especially in the critical region. The average absolute error of this …

The Effect Of Reduced Pressure On Variables In Distillation, Joseph Peter Cummins

Theses

To determine the effects of reduced pressure on pressure drop and holdup in distillations seven different liquids were distilled at varying rates at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum at pressures down to 50 mm Hg, using protruded stainless steel packing. Pressure drop and holdup were found to vary exponentially with masste at each pressure. At constant mass rate pressure drop was higher for decreased head pressure. Use of material of higher molecular weight led to lower pressure drop at same rate and pressure. Greatest effect of pressure on pressure drop was observed below 300 mm Hg. Liquid holdup was not …

The Sulfonation Of Some Aromatic Compounds Using Sulfuric Acid In The Presence Of Thionyl Chloride, Paul Juergens

Theses

The rate of reaction in the sulfonation of some aromatic compounds with sulfuric acid was increased by the presence of thionyl chloride which, by reacting with the water of formation, effectively maintained the concentration of sulfuric acid above the level at which sulfonation can occur. The thionyl chloride had no measurable effect on the formation of isomers.

The sulfonstion reactions studied included those of toluene, naphthalene, bromobenzene, ortho-bromotoluene, and chlorobenzene.

Variation Of Thickness Of Hard Anodic Films, Alphons Raymond O'Konski

Theses

An investigation was made of the effects of varying processing conditions on the thickness of anodic films produced by the Martin Hard Coat (4) process on commercially pure aluminum and nine aluminum alloys.

This study was conducted to provide sufficient data for designing coating thicknesses on aircraft accessory parts that would conform to the close tolerances maintained in the course of manufacture of precision components. Coating thicknesses up to 0.0051 in. were obtained. Changes in electrolyte strength, temperature of the bath, alloy composition, and current density were made to see their effect on the thickness of the film and growth …

Graphical Correlation Of Pressure Drop And Temperature Drop To Friction And Velocity For Adiabatic Flow Of Compressible Fluids, Andrew Anthony Giacobbe

Theses

Problems involving adiabatic flow of compressible fluids in horizontal conduits of constant cross-section usually require tedious trial and error solutions. Although several somewhat simplified methods have been developed, most of these methods are not ideally suited for problems involving flow between two sections of a conduit.

The graphical solutions presented in this paper, relating pressure and temperature ratios to friction and initial Mach numbers, have been developed specifically for flow between sections of a conduit. Use of the graphs requires only the knowledge of initial conditions and determination of the friction factor.

Initial velocities from 30% to 70% of the …

The Heat Of Mixing Of Diactone Alcohol And Water At 25 C, Frederic Miller Konrad

Theses

A calorimeter of twin design with auxiliary apparatus was built for measuring the heat of mixing with a maximum error of ± 1.0%. Reliability of the apparatus was tested with the benzene-methanol system and gave results comparable to those of other investigators with apparatus of different design.

The heat of mixing of diacetone alcohol and water was measured at 25°C over the entire concentration range. A peak value of 238 cal/mole solution was obtained at 0.67 mole fraction water the mixing of two moles water with one of diacetone alcohol.

Specific heat of diacetone alcohol-water mixtures was also measured at …

The Determination Of Thoria In Tungsten Electrodes, Louis Arthur Prince

Theses

Two methods of analysis to determine thoria (thorium oxide, ThO₂) content of thoriated tungsten electrodes are investigated.

Chlorination methods are shown to leave thoria residues contaminated with tungstic oxide which may not be removed by extended chlorination. Ignition of the sample in air before chlorination increases contamination. A correction for the tungstic oxide in the residue is obtained colorimetrically.

The classical hydrofluoric-nitric mixed acid method is modified and shown to be equally as accurate, less exposed to operator's error, and more rapid than chlorination methods. Thin-walled polyethylene beakers are preferable to platinum ware for dissolving the sample, and …

Isobaric Heat Capacity Of Propylene Over A Wide Range Of Temperature And Pressure, Joseph Patrick Tassoney

Theses

This work was done to make possible more accurate design calculatioas for processes that require accurate data on the heat capacity of propylene at elevated temperatures and pressures.

The effect of pressure and temperature on the isobaric heat opacity and the heat capacity at constant volume for propylene relative to the ideal gas state is presented. The results cover pressures from 0 to 9,500 PSIA and temperatures from 350°F. to 2240°F.

An equation was derived from the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state. This equation gives the deviation from the ideal gas state of the isobaric heat capacity of propylene for the …

A Proposed Method Of Analysis For Vitamin A Acetate And Vitamin A Palmitate Bulk, Julian Anthony Volpe

Theses

An ethyl acetate solution of Vitamin A Acetate and Palmitate can be determined calorimetrically with the addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid in the proper ratio; one part of ethylacetate-Vitamin A solution to four parts of acid. A purplish-blue color is produced which reaches its maximum intensity within one minute and lasts for ten minutes. This color can be read in the Ilett-Summerson colorimeter using glass filter #54. Like many colorimetric determinations, this method is valid within certain concentration limits of sample, 20-225 milligrams of Vitamin A per final 5 milliliter aliquot.

Use Of Liquid Sulfur Trioxide As A Sulfonating Agent For Organic Compounds, Herman Gustav Weiland

Theses

Dodecylbenzene was sulfonated with SO₃ and evaluated as to ash, sodium sulfate, degree of sulfonation, and was also compared with an oleum sulfonation. Its homolog, octadecylbenzene, was made, sulfonated, and found to be less effective as a wetting agent.

Two-ethylhexyl cinnamate, oleic acid, and propyloleate were also sulfonated with good yields and evaluated.

Yields in the sulfonation of Di-2-ethylhexyl maleate were very low. There was evidence of the SO₃ splitting the ester and oxidising it to maleic acid.

The reduction of 9-octadecenophenone, according to Clemmenson's Method, led to the formation of a polymer.

Application Of Theory To Extrusion Of Polyethylene, Ernest Edward Griesser

Theses

This thesis reviews the theory of isothermal melt extrusion beginning with the writings of early researchers up to its present state. The isothermal extrusion of a near-Newtonian liquid is compared to polyethylene, using five different extrusion screws, and calculated discharge rates are compared to the actual rates for both materials. A method of calculating forward flow was developed and this was shown to provide very good correlation with actual dis-charge rates.

Non-isothermal or plasticating extrusion of polyethylene was also studied and comparison is made to isothermal melt extrusion. The results obtained with the various types of screws studied are also …

Heat Transfer Characteristics Of Non-Newtonian Suspensions, Foster C. Franks, Salvador Faust Rinaldi

Theses

A dimensionless equation resembling the Dittus-Boelter equation with modified exponents and additional dimension less groups has been developed by J. J. Salamone. (12)

HD/K_f = Z(DV_Bρ_B/µ_B⁶(C_fµ_B/K_f^y(D/D_s)^r(C_s/C_f)^J(K_s/K_f)^η(1)

Salamone investigated the range of Reynolds number between 50,000 and 200,000. The results of the correlated data gave the = following exponents for equation; (1)

HD/K_f = .131(DV_Bρ_B/µ_B^.62(C_fµ_B/K_f^.35(D/D …

Viscosity Of Non-Newtonian Suspensions, David Edward Gullett, Edward Curtis

Theses

The object of this project ras to obtain a reasonable correlation of the effect of velocity, concentration and particle size on apparent viscosity of non-Newtonian slurries.

Through the use of dimensional and graphical analysis an equation, μ/μ_w=1.02(Ak/GC)^.105, was developed which filled these conditions. The average deviation of the apparent viscosity calculated from this equation compared to the experimental value was 14.4%.

The authors believe that this correlation should be tested under a greater variety of conditions of particle size and particle thermal conductivity and for suspending mediums other than water.

Drilling And Drilling Trends In The United States For Mining, Sidney D. Cooper

Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970

This thesis, which is a requirement for a degree in Mining Engineering, emphasizes many current drills and drilling trends; however, without a complete discussion of the numerous factors that effect drills and drilling the reader would still be at a loss in selecting a drill to fit his particular need. With this purpose in mind, I have first attempted to discuss the many variables which must be considered and this is followed by the various types of drilling and drills.

Hydraulic Shaft Mucker, Frederick D. Owsley

Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970

Until recent years, mining has depended upon the muscles of men to supply the power required to obtain ore. With the rising cost of labor and the increased demand for metals, mine management has turned to machines to meet these demands. With the coming of the machines, the mechanization of mining began, and a new era in mining developed. Great strides have been made in drilling, hoisting, haulage, etc; but the sinking of shafts still create a costly operation.

Geology Of A Portion Of The Hand Mine, Argenta Mining District, Beaverhead County, Montana, John Thomas Richards

Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970

The Hand Mine is located in the Argenta Mining District near the town of Argenta. The area surrounding the Hand Mine is characterized by intense thrusting, folding, and igneous activity. The area mapped by the author is in the southeast portion of the mine and differs from the rest of the mine in that no commercial ore has been found. The writer concludes that the steep faulting and flatlying bodies are of two different ages, and that intense oxidation has altered the ore minerals to plumbojarosite.

A Comparison Of Over-Snow Vehicles Produced At Utah State Agricultural College, Ross W. Eskelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Travel over snow by vehicle in Arctic and mountainous terrain is one of the most difficult problems of our Armed Forces and other public and private agencies. agencies whose services demand over-snow travel find little or no adequate means of transport. Those vehicles which are available, are either economically infeasible in construction and operating costs, or have serious operational limitations.

Observations On The Constitution And Characterization Of Paving Asphalts, James H. Havens, W. F. Daniels

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This paper contains results of analyses with asphalts of various composition and derivation. The objective of the study is to define and correlate constitution and fundamental character of asphalts in a manner significant to their use in highway pavements.

Further confirmation of the existence of three discrete solubility fractions in asphalts was obtained by extraction methods and by paper partition chromatography. Paraffin bodies were revealed by microscopic examination of thin films. Asphaltene fractions showed the presence of particulate material by electron microscopy and also revealed indications of peptized asphaltene bodies. Oils dialyzed from asphalt exhibited u.v. fluorescence similar to components …

Triaxial Acceleration Analysis Applied To The Evaluation Of Pavement Riding Qualities, L. E. Gregg, William S. Foy

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Traditionally the riding qualities of a pavement are expressed as some function of localized irregularities in the contour of the pavement surface. This is predicated on the fact that the portion of passenger comfort or discomfort imparted by all features of the pavement surface can not be isolated and determined separately from other influences such as vehicle characteristics or psychological and physiological aspects of the passenger himself.

Measurements of riding qualities have dealt almost exclusively with vehicle displacements in the vertical direction only, these having been and still being the most prominent and most amenable to measurement. By this procedure …

Test 533: International Model W-400, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 541: Oliver Super 66, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.

Test 549: Oliver Oc-12 Diesel, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.

Test 556: Oliver Super 99, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

No abstract provided.

Test 559: Nuffield Universal Model Pm-4, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 539: International 300 Utility, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920.

Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 532: Mccormick Farmall 400, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 534: Mccormick Farmall 400 (Diesel), Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 536: Mccormick Farmall Model 200, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 538: Mccormick Farmall Model 300, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …

Test 553: Caterpiller D-2, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

This report and any related files are made available to the online through the Lester F. Larsen Tractor Test and Power Museum as resources allow. Established in 1998, this museum is located on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus. It is and appropriately housed within the walls of the historic 1920 Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratory, where the first tractor test was started on March 31st, 1920. Because the pioneer tests became worldwide standards, this location was designated as a Historic Landmark of Agricultural Engineering by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers in 1980, shortly after testing was moved to a …