Digital Commons Network^™

A New Technique For Repeated Measurement Of Cardiac Output During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, L A. Geddes, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

We have developed a method for measurement of cardiac output during CPR with ventricular fibrillation. The method avoids the problems encountered when conventional techniques are used under the conditions of very low cardiac output. The method consists of injecting 5% saline as the indicator into the left ventricle and detecting its appearance in the descending aorta by withdrawing blood through an electrically calibrated conductivity cell. The adequacy of indicator mixing has been verified by obtaining dilutions curves simultaneously from the brachial and femoral arteries. Cardiac output can be determined even when output is as low as 7 ml/min/kg during CPR …

Influence Of Adrenergic Drugs Upon Vital Organ Perfusion During Cpr, H R. Holmes, Charles F. Babbs, W D. Voorhees, W A. Tacker, B De Garavilla

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

To determine whether adrenergic drugs administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alter the distribution of artificial card:l.ac output, we measu"red regional blood flow and cardiac output using radioactive microspheres in 12 dogs. Ventricular fibrillation was induced electrically and CPR was immediately begun with a mechanical chest compressor and ventilator (Thurn per ( R) ) at 60 compressions/min, with a ventilation:compression ratio of 1:5, a compression duration of 0.5 sec, and a ventilation pressure of 20 em H 2 o. Compression force was sufficient to develop 40-50 mmHg peak intraesophageal pressure. After 30 sec of CPR, either 0.9% saline vehicle or 50 …

Dependence Of Defibrillation Threshold Upon Extracellular/Intracellular K+ Concentrations, Charles F. Babbs, S J. Whistler, G Yim, L A. Geddes

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

The effect of increasing extracellular potassium concentration (K_o) upon electrical ventricular defibrillation threshold was investigated in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs treated with intravenous potassium chloride. Defibrillation threshold fell during potassium intoxication. The percent decrease in defibrillation threshold was linearly related to the logarithm of K_o and to the potassium equilibrium potential, E_K, calculated from measured extracellular and intracellular potassium concentrations of ventricular muscle. In dogs supported by left ventricular bypass in order to maintain the circulation during potassium intoxication, the values of K_o and E_K required for spontaneous, K⁺ induced defibrillation (electrical defibrillation …

Dynamic Intraesophageal Imagining Of The Heart With Ultrasound, N E. Fearnot, Charles F. Babbs, J D. Bourland, L A. Geddes

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Real-time images of the heart from within the esophagus are produced by a new intraesophageal ultrasonic sector scanner. Sixty images per second are displayed on a gray scale CRT in real-time and recorded on standard videotape for review. By interactive positioning of the esophageal probe, heart ventricles, atria, and valves can be visualized and their dynamics can be studied. The esophageal probe comprises four 5 MHz PZT-5 piezoelements of 6.35 mm diameter, mounted on a shaft that rotates at 900 rpm. The piezoelements are pulsed at a 5 kHz rate and the echoes are processed electronically.

New Versus Old Theories Of Blood Flow During Cpr, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Today, the physiology of blood flow during external chest compression appears more complicated than had previously been imagined. New evidence requires that at least two possible mechanisms be considered for generating artificial circulation by external chest compression. The first is the classical mechanism in which the heart propels blood because it is squeezed between the sternum and the spine. The second is a more recently appreciated mechanism in which the entire thorax acts as a pump because of global intrathoracic pressure changes. The first might be called the cardiac pump mechanism and the second might be called the thoracic pump …

Design Of Vegetative Filters For Feedlot Runoff Treatment In Humid Areas, D. H. Vanderholm, Elbert C. Dickey

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The vegetative filter approach uses overland flow or shallow channelized flow to treat feedlot runoff by infiltration, dilution and filtration. Based on extensive monitoring of four field systems in Illinois over a two year period, acceptable performance standards were selected. Design criteria to meet the standards were developed for both the overland flow vegetative filters and the channelized or serpentine terrace filters. A major design criterion for both types of vegetative filters is the time required for applied runoff to flow the length of the filter.

An alternative to using zero-discharge treatment systems to control feedlot runoff is to replace …

Influence Of Dredging And High Discharge On The Ecology Of Black Canyon, Larry J. Paulson, Theron G. Miller, John R. Baker, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service

Publications (WR)

The Water and Power Resources Service is considering dredging in Black Canyon to create a larger forebay to accommodate higher peak discharges and reverse flows for proposed modifications to Hoover Dam. The Black Canyon area from Hoover Dam to Willow Beach supports a heavily utilized trout fishery and is important habitat for the razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) and possibly bonytail chub (Gila elegans). The Water and Power Resources Service initiated this investigation to determine what effect dredging and higher peak-discharges would have on the ecology of Black Canyon.

The Effect Of Ozone On Trihalomethane Precursors In Raw And Magnesium Treated Lake Washington Water, James Kent Kimes

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A bench scale laboratory ozonator was constructed and determined to produce 27 mg O3/hr. A contacting system and experimental procedure was developed to approximate a mass balance of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 ppm were applied to raw and magnesium treated water from Lake Washington which is the potable water source for Melbourne, Florida. The effect of ozone on trihalomethane precursors was studied by comparing THM formation at 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours following chlorination. The concentrations of each specie, chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochlormethane and bromoform are reported. The highest 96 hour TTHM concentrations reported were 2773 …

Ecological Responses Of Lake Eola To Urban Runoff, Harvey H. Harper Iii

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Lake Eola is a land-locked lake located in downtown Orlando, Florida. Its surface area is approximately 27.0 acres (11.0 Ha) and water depth is 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters) near the shore and 22 feet (6.7 meters) toward the center. Periodical water samples were collected from the lake and storm drains for various stormwater events and physiochemical parameters were analyzed to calculated loading rates from nutrients and heavy metals released to Lake Eola. Algal bioassay studies were performed to investigate stormwater impacts on productivity. Periodical water samples were collected from the lake mixed and filtered for limiting …

A Pressure Injection Device For Inoculation Of Maize With Bacterial Phytopathogens, Randall R. Carlson, A. K. Vidaver, David S. Wysong, J. H. Riesselman

Biological Process Development Facility: Staff Publications

A pressure injection device (PID) was used to inoculate maize (Zea mays) with bacterial phytopathogens. The PID was evaluated for its speed, effectiveness, and precision relative to the needle-eye method of inoculation. Corynebacterium nebraskense, Erwinia stewartii, and Pseudomonas andropogonis were each used successfully as inocula to infect maize and produce symptoms typical of Goss's wilt, Stewart's wilt and bacterial stripe, respectively. Quantitative inoculation with the PID was faster and as statistically precise as using a calibrated needle-eye.

An Integrated System Employing Alternate Technologies For Liquid And Solid Waste Managment For Intermediate And Small Communities, George Tchobanoglous, John E. Colt, Robert G. Smith, Samuel A. Vigil

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Over the past 20 years , a variety of alternative, and in many cases innovative, technologies have been proposed for use in waste management systems. If alternative technologies are to be adopted they must, 1) be technologically feasible, 2) minimize the use of energy and resources, 3) maximize the recovery of the energy and nutrients contained in wastewater, 4) be cost-effective, and 5) not be unnecessarily disruptive of the existing order in their implementation. Although a number of the proposed technologies have met some or all of these requirements , few of them have been widely adopted. The principal reason …

Application Of Packed Bed Gasifiers To The Reduction Of Solid Wastes And The Recovery Of Energy, Samuel A. Vigil, George Tchobanoglous, Edward D. Schroeder

Civil and Environmental Engineering

No abstract provided.

Cost-Effectiveness Of Lane And Shoulder Widening Of Rural, Two-Lane Roads In Kentucky, Charles V. Zegeer, Jesse G. Mayes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The purpose of the study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of widening lanes and shoulders on rural, two-lane roads. Information concerning geometries, accidents, and traffic volumes was obtained for over 15,000 miles (25,000 km) of roads. Reductions in accident rates occurred as lane and shoulder widths increased. Run-off-road and opposite direction accidents were the primary accident types associated with narrow lanes and shoulders. Reductions in accidents ranged from 10 to 39 percent for lane widening and 6 to 21 percent for shoulder widening. Priority listings were prepared for 531 projects based on critical rate factor. Priority listings were also prepared …

Treatment Process Variations To Reduce Tthm Residuals In A Finished Water, Edward L. Hatcher

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This research investigates organic polymers, inorganic coagulants and separate unit operations for their effect on the total tri-halogenated (TTHM) residuals in a finished water. The water samples utilized for this project were taken from a highly colored Central Florida potable water supply which is used by municipality which has a TTHM concentration in the finished water in excess of the proposed Federal limit. Results indicate that (1) organic polymers are not a significant source of THM precursors, (2) organic polymers, when used as a settling aid after coagulation in Jar tests, are an effective means of filtration for removing THM …

Noise Pollution In The Industrial Arts Laboratory, James A. Sundell

Graduate Research Papers

Industrial arts instructors have always recognized the need for a pleasant and safe environment in their laboratories. Advancements in technology have increased noise pollution in this environment.

Sounds have a useful and important place in the laboratory; also, they can have adverse effects. The instructor can tell immediately if a machine is not performing correctly by the sound it emits, while the operation of the same machine can distort an important verbal communication. Excessive decibel levels may be generated at different times threatening the psychological and physiological well-being of teachers and students (Brown, 1979; Hicks, 1973; Swogger, 1973).

Reduction of …

Spectral Signature Studies For Application In Deer Census Using Remote Sensing Techniques, Maran C. Pate

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was performed to determine the spectral signatures of deer and their natural background elements for censusing purposes. Consideration was given to atmospheric transmittance, acceptable flying weather, and terrain. Possible spectral bands between 0.3 and 14.0 μm were obtained (over a pathlength of 1500 feet at an altitude of 5000 feet) based upon atmospheric transmittance using the LOWTRAN 3B computer program. They are: 0.30 - 1.33, 1.49 - 1.79, 2.00 - 2.50, 3.00 - 3.16, 3.38 - 4.10, 4.59 - 5.05, and 8.00 - 13.33 μm, for transmittance greater than 75%. Weather conditions are favorable for flying and taking …

Environmental Aspects Of The Nuclear Fuel Cycle And High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal, Robert S. Kent

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

An assessment of the environmental effects of the nuclear fuel cycle industries is discussed, reactor waste inventory and standards are presented, and the alternatives for high-level radioactive waste disposal reviewed, with particular attention being given to disposal in deep geological formations on land. One of the major concerns regarding potential impacts of the nuclear fuel cycle industries is the lack of a definite and proven method of disposal of the high-level radioactive wastes from light water moderated reactors. The problem is expected to become more pressing as the nuclear power industry and the associated radioactive waste inventories grow in the …

Scrubber Design For Phosphoric Acid Production Facility, Edward E. Mayer

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This report is an examination of the practical design of a phosphoric acid production facility wet scrubber. It includes a brief background of the Florida Phosphate Industry, in addition to the rules and regulations affecting the emission of fluoride contaminates. The theoretical aspects of a packed absorption tower is discussed prior to the actual design of a cross-flow wet scrubber of the type typically found in the Florida Phosphate Industry.

The University, Electrical Engineering And Space Travel, Doran Baker

Faculty Honor Lectures

In this paper, my purpose is three-fold: First, to tell some of the story of the development of the Engineering College at Utah State University; second, to present selected concepts and applications in the evolution of electrical engineering; third, to relate these concepts and developments to our space venture and to the twenty-first century_ My perspective is that of a school teacher, engineer, scientist and historian; superimposed upon this is my imbedment in the system as an administrator of teachers and researchers. I intend to strike a balance between generality and depth, between technology and philosophy, and between perception and …

Interstate Safety Improvement Program, Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent, Charles V. Zegeer

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A previous report dealt with development of procedures for preparation of an Interstate Safety Improvement Program. The purpose of this report was to prepare prioritized rankings of recommended improvements which could be implemented for the Interstate Safety Improvement Program. Together, these two reports include logical and comprehensive procedures for the selection, scheduling, construction, and evaluation of highway safety improvement projects.

Considerable detail is presented which documents analysis procedures used to determine sites, sections, and elements of the roadway in need of improvement. The average number of accidents per interchange, bridge, 1.0-mile (1.6-km) section, and 0.3-mile (0.48-km) spots were summarized for …

Update Of National And State Programs Presently Underway To Curb Point And Nonpoint Sources Of Water Pollution From Animal Production Facilities, Donald F. Smith

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

P.L. 92--500, The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, has provided two mechanisms for the control of water pollution from animal production facilities. Point source controls require that confined animal production facilities apply for a NPDES permit in order to operate. Nonpoint source controls, as established by State and area-wide water quality management programs, are to be developed around the concept of "Best Management Practices."

Treatment And Disposal Of Hazardous Wastes In The East Central Florida Region, Tracey Bell

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Although the East Central Florida area is not heavily industrialized, its dependence on groundwater resources makes it especially vulnerable to contamination by poor waste disposal practices. The East Central Florida area was studied to discover the nature and disposal of hazardous wastes generated. It was found that a large portion of hazardous wastes in the region were from very small industries, distributors, and even consumers. Three of the most toxic and/or voluminous waste problems in the area--metal plating wastes, pesticide wastes, and hospital wastes--were studied to determine available alternatives for disposal and their costs.

Solar Energy For Heating Farm Structures In Kentucky, Richard S. Hiatt, Blaine F. Parker

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

This report is intended to summarize the important decisions which must be made by farmers in Kentucky, who are considering the utilization of solar energy for heating farm buildings or drying grain.

Performance And Evaluation Of Swine House Heating With A Solar Energy Intensifier-Thermal Energy Storage System, Albert J. Heber

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The urgency for energy independence in the United States is unprecedented in its history. The demand for energy is reflected in rising fuel costs which affects every segment of the economy. Among the most severely affected sectors is the agriculture industry, whose fossil fuel consumption is crucial to its efficient production of food and fiber. Solar, one of several alternative energy sources being developed nationwide has unique possibilities in the U.S. agriculture system. Large areas are available for locating collector units, and the energy requirements in the farm are low compared with the available radiation falling on the area. Drying …

Studies On Viruses In Water, Rex S. Spendlove, Bill B. Barnett, Dennis B. George, Dennis J. Adams, Stanley F. Hayes, Ronald B. Dean, David Ridinger, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

A new procedure for the detection of viral antigens in fecal material was developed. The test is performed by first diluting a fecal sample with phosphate buffered saline to give a liquid consistency. The pH is then adjusted to 8.5-9.0 and the solids are allowed to settle for five minutes. Supernatant fluid from above the fecal sediment is placed on the upper surface of a well of an inverted Immulon microtiter plate and incubated for one hour at 37 degrees C to allow virus to adsorb to the plastic. The Immulon plate is then washed three times with a Tween …

Evaluation Of In-Line Direct Filtration For Virus Removal, Behjat Sadat Malek, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Bill B. Barnett

Reports

The purposes of this study were to evaluate virus removal in treatment of water supplies by an in-line direct filtration pilot plant system and to suggest a system design to enhance virus removal. Isotherm and jar tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of pH, sodium ion concentration, and coagulants (alum and cationic polyelectrolytes Cat-Floc T, Nalco 8102, and 8103) on the bacteriophage MS2 contained in water. Isotherm studies were also conducted to assess the kinetic adsorption of MS2 to sand, anthracite, and garnet. Rapid sand, dual-media, and multi-media filters were tested in continuous in-line direct filtration operations. Approximately 95 …

Historical And Projected Municipal And Industrial Water Usage In Utah 1960-2020, Roger D. Hansen, Herbert H. Fullterton, A. Bruce Bishop, Trevor C. Hughes, Ronald Christensen, Davis S. Bowles, Kyle Matteson, Hershel G. Hester Iii, Ronald Mead, Randy Simmons

Reports

This publication reports the results of a municipal and industrial water use inventory. Data reported covers the period 1960 through 1976. Time series information is aggregated from municipal and industrial system level to country and state totals. Total municipal and industrial withdrawals are divided between surface and groundwater sources. Yearly per capital withdrawal rates are estimated for 50 Utah municipalities and for each of Utah’s 29 counties. Per capita withdrawal rates range from a high of over 400 gallons per capita per day (gcd) in the communities of Delta, Fillmore, Hyrum, Logan, and Morgan to a low of 100 gcd …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Dominguez Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureas of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureasu has conducted a water qualtiy investigation, in cooperations with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Mancos Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureau has conducted a water quality investigation, in cooperation with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Dolores Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

No abstract provided.