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Bioassays- Procedures And Results, A. F. Maciorowski, L. W. Little, Ronald C. Sims, J. L. Sims

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Bioassay procedures to describe, evaluate, and predict potential hazard of toxic materials to organisms, ecosystems, and health-related aspects of polluted waters continue to receive widespread attention. However, synthesizing these diverse theoretical, methodological, and procedural entities into an integrated multidisciplinary approach to evaluate environ mental hazards of toxic substances remains difficult. Symposia proceedings pertinent to the toxic substances management in ecosystems have appeared¹ and provide an overview of major problems and emerging solutions, including chapters on new bioassay protocols development, and multiple exposure toxicity paradigms. Conclusions and recommendations resulting from a toxicity testing workshop² discussed current state-of-the-art, identified needed …

Carminomycin Analogue, Hassan S. El Khadem, David L. Swartz

Michigan Tech Patents

A novel anthracycline glycoside 2-deoxy-L-fucopyranosyl carminomycinone which is effective for inhibiting the growth of tumors such as leukemia L1210.

Energy In Agriculture: Energy Resource Series For Youth And Adult Energy Programs: 3. Oil And Gas, George M. Turner

Agricultural Engineering Energy Series

The oil and gas in the earth today were formed many millions of years ago, long before humans appeared on the scene. Therefore, man can only theorize about the origin of these fossil fuels.

The most widely accepted theory is that the oil and gas found in the earth today had their beginnings in decomposed animals and plants. The decomposition was caused by bacteria and chemicals called enzymes which digested the plant and animal bodies.

Energy In Agriculture: Energy Resource Series For Youth And Adult Energy Programs: 9. Wood, George M. Turner

Agricultural Engineering Energy Series

Wood is a bio-fuel. This means that it comes from living things. Lawn grass, field crops and garden plants and flowers are all in the bio-family of living things. In fact, there is no difference between the wood of today and fossil fuels of aeons ago, such as coal and oil except time. Millions of years ago all fossil fuels were lush green plants, thriving on nutrients and moisture in the earth and the photosynthesis process. These have long since died but have been preserved beneath the surface of the earth. Actually, the wood of today and the fossil fuels …

Selective Removal Of Color, Toc, And Thm Precursors From A Highly Colored Recycled Magnesium Sludge Using Granular Activated Carbon, Kathleen O. Gill

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The study investigated the ability of granular activated carbon (F-400) to remove organic color, TOCk and THM precursors from a highly organic-laden recycled magnesium sludge without reducing the magnesium concentration. This treatment was attempted in order to render the sludge a more effective coagulant for surface water purification. Adsorption effectiveness was assessed through Freundlich isotherms and continuous-flow GAC columns, with both procedures conducted at three pH values. Color and TOC were adsorbed more effectively at lower pH values, while adsorption of THM precursors was inhibited at low pH. Magnesium was not significantly adsorbed by the carbon. The carbon treatment of …

Trihalomethane Precursor Reduction Using Magnesium Coagulation, Christianne C. Ferraro

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effectiveness of the magnesium coagulation process in reduction of trihalomethane (THM) precursors. The water was obtained from Lake Washington, a highly colored potable water supply which is used by the City of Melbourne, Florida. The THM concentrations in the finished water at Melbourne currently exceed the THM standard of 0.1 mg/l. For Lake Washington water, treatment varies according to seasonal changes in water quality. During the dry period, the recycle magnesium does not perform effectively as a coagulant for THM precursor removal. This is because of the high levels of magnesium in the late water at …

Energy In Agriculture: Energy Resource Series For Youth And Adult Energy Programs: 4. Coal, George M. Turner

Agricultural Engineering Energy Series

Coal is very close kin to the other fossil fuels, oil and gas. If a chunk of coal is examined with a powerful magnifying glass you will notice a lot of red and gold color. The marks of plants can be plainly seen on many pieces. The imprint of plants and sometimes of animal skeletons indicates to skilled scientists how coal was formed.

An Experimental Study Of Comparison Between Ph-Parametric Pumping And Ph-Cycling Zone Adsorption Process On Protein Separation, Vincent P. Jajalla

Theses

In this thesis, an experimental investigation was conducted to compare the performance of the continuous pH-parametric pumping and the pH-cycling zone adsorption process on protein separation.

The model system studied was hemoglobin-water. on CM-Sepharose CL-6B (cation) exchanger in a single-column system. Various modes of operation were tried on both the pH-parametric pumping and the pH-cycling zone adsorption method. The separation factors for each mode of operation were computed and compared.

It is shown that the continuous pH-parametric pumping, with circulation to insure the pH uniformity inside the column, has the better separation factor than the pH-cycling zone adsorption method.

Vegetative Filter Treatment Of Livestock Feedlot Runoff, Elbert C. Dickey, D. H. Vanderholm

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Four vegetative filters were installed on feedlots in central and northern Illinois. Two configurations were used: channelized Dow and overland Dow. After settling for partial solids removal, runoff was applied directly to the filters and allowed to Dow from the inlet to the outlet section. Results from measurement analyses and sampling of influent, effluent, and surface Dow at intermediate points were reported.

Most runoff events were infiltrated completely, resulting in no filter discharge. Runoff from larger events was partially discharged. Filters removed as much as 95% of nutrients and oxygen-demanding materials from the applied runoff on a weight basis, and …

Identification, Analysis, And Correction Of High-Accident Locations In Kentucky, Charles V. Zegeer, Kenneth R. Agent, Ronalds L. Rizenbergs

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The first step in the highway safety improvement process involves reporting and summarizing accidents by location. Once the high-accident locations are identified, field investigations and analysis follow. Locations are ranked on the basis of potential for accident reduction. Safety improvements are then scheduled and implemented. Finally, improvements are evaluated in terms of accident reduction.

This report compiles, in detail, the process involved in arriving at safety improvements in the high-accident spot-improvement program. References are made to information and methodologies developed in earlier reports by the Division of Research of the Kentucky Department of Transportation. Most of the background information and …

The Effect Of Adhesive Bond Strength Of Selected Species Of Laminated Wood, Daniel L. Henderson

Graduate Research Papers

Wood laminating has been used by man for centuries and is a very important part of industrial enterprises today. In most woodworking textbooks reviewed however, those sections devoted to wood laminating are typically miniscule. Topics are hastily covered and only general information is provided. This study has been conducted in order to provide more adequate explanation of the laminating process in addition to those presently available and to explore the interrelationship of laminated components with the ultimate function of the product. A glance at any furniture manufacturing or construction industry periodical, however, will show the importance of wood laminating in …

A Site Evaluation For A Wind Generator At The University Of Northern Iowa, William A. Rosburg Ii

Graduate Research Papers

There is a need to develop alternative sources of energy other than our finite fossil fuel resources (Clews, 1975; Leckie, Masters, Whitehouse and Young, 1975). One possible area of great potential is the clean renewable energy in the wind. The World Meteorological Organization has estimated that there is a potential for producing 20 million megawatts of electricity from wind power (Clews, 1975). Although there are problems with cost, reliability, and its inherently intermittent nature, both government and industry are working to develop a wind technology that will help meet today's electrical energy needs.

An increased awareness by the general public …

Phase 1 Inspection Report: National Dam Safety Program. White River Basin. Ozark Lead Tailings Dam, Reynolds County, Missouri, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Chicago, Illinois

Missouri Dam Safety Inspection Reports

This report presents the results of field inspection and evaluation of the Ozark Lead Tailings Dam. It was prepared under the National Program of Inspection of Non-Federal Dams.

Phase 1 Inspection Report: National Dam Safety Program. Mississippi - Kaskaskia - St. Louis Basin. Lac Marseilles Dam, St. Francois County, Missouri, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Chicago, Illinois

Missouri Dam Safety Inspection Reports

This report presents the results of field inspection and evaluation of the Lac Marseilles Dam. It was prepared under the National Program of Inspection of Non-Federal Dams.

Phase 1 Inspection Report: National Dam Safety Program. Mississippi - Kaskaskia - St. Louis Basin. Lake Adelle Dam, Jefferson County, Missouri, Crawford, Murphy & Tilly, Inc., Springfield, Illinois, A & H Engineering Corporation, Carbondale, Illinois

Missouri Dam Safety Inspection Reports

This report is prepared under guidance contained in Department of the Army, Office of the Chief of Engineers, Recommended Guidelines For Safety Inspection Of Dams, for a Phase I investigation. The purpose of a Phase I investigation is to identify expeditiously those dams which may pose hazards to human life or property. The assessment of the general conditions of the dam is based upon available data and visual inspections. Detailed investigations and analyses involving topographic mapping, subsurface Investigations, testing and detailed computational evaluations are beyond the scope of a Phase I investigation; however, the investigation is intended to identify any …

A Mini-Computer Based General Purpose Interactive Computer Graphics Software System, Victor M. Haddock

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This research paper presents the description of a Mini-Computer Based General Purpose Interactive Computer Graphics Software System; which has been installed at the University of Central Florida, College of Engineering PDP 11/34 computer system. This system is a simplified version of MOVIE.BYU. MOVIE.BYU is a General Purpose Interactive Computer Graphics Software System that requires a computer with a word length of at least 32-bits. The MOVIE.BYU system was developed at the Brigham Young University, Utah. Extensive modification was required in order to satisfy the PDP 11/34 FORTRAN IV compiler. In addition, the program routines have been overlayed in order to …

A Simulation Model For Assessing Alternate Strategies For Beef Production With Land, Energy And Economic Constraints, Otto J. Loewer, E. M. Smith, G. Benock, Thomas C. Bridges, Larry G. Wells, Nelson Gay, S. Burgess, L. Springate, David L. Debertin

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A computer model has been developed to analyze alternate management strategies and energy and economic constraints. Daily production of beef animals and growing crops is simulated in response to prevailing conditions and system interactions using the GASP IV simulation language. Complete inventories of plant dry matter, animal status, production resources and economic net worth are maintained over the simulation period.

New Animal-Waste Structure Permit Procedures, Joseph L. Taraba

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

Over the past two years, there have been several changes in the Power & Machinery requirements of, and in the procedures for, obtaining permits for animal-waste holding structures. The Division of Water (DOW) in the Department for Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DNREP), which administers the Kentucky Water Pollution Law (KRS 224), has determined that the statutes require them to review and to approve all agricultural animal-waste-holding facilities constructed in Kentucky (KRS 224.033(19)). Because of their review, they have simplified the procedures and brought the requirements for waste disposal systems into agreement with the state law. At the present time, …

Regulation Of Hazardous Waste Disposal On Agricultural Land, Joseph L. Taraba

Agricultural Engineering Extension Updates

In the Commonwealth of Kentucky, the Division of Waste Management (DWM) of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DNP & EP) has the responsibility of regulating the hazardous waste program. A policy statement from the DWM was issued on June 9, 1981, concerning wastes generated from agricultural operations, i.e., farming. In summary, the statutory definition of a hazardous waste does not apply to animal manures and crop residues that are returned to the soil as a fertilizer or as a soil conditioner. Further, it states a hazardous waste shall not apply to pesticides, herbicides or fertilizers or their …

A Survey And Evaluation Of Shallow Groundwater Contamination Hazards In The State Of Utah, Edward P. Fisk, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

A survey was made to appraise current man-made contamination of shallow groundwater in Utah. Very little has been published on the subject, and most of the information was obtained by personal observation and through interviews of individuals concerned with water quality protection in Utah. After presenting the relevant physiographic, geologic, and hydrologic characteristics of the various regions of Utah and discussing how these relate to groundwater contamination in general, representative groundwater quality hazards in 32 sites or regions in Utah are presented. A very wide range of hazards to groundwater quality was found to exist. These cases cover the range …

Phase 1 Inspection Report: National Dam Safety Program. Upper Mississippi - Kaskaskia - St. Louis Basin. Lake Bono Del Dam, Jefferson County, Missouri, Horner & Shifrin, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri

Missouri Dam Safety Inspection Reports

This report presents the results of field inspection and evaluation of the Lake Bono Del Dam (MO 30434):

It was prepared under the National Program of Inspection of Non-Federal Dams.

This dam has been classified as unsafe, non-emergency by the St. Louis District as a result of the application of the following criteria:

1) Spillway will not pass 50 percent of the Probable Maximum Flood without overtopping the dam.

2) Overtopping of the dam could result in failure of the dam.

3) Dam failure significantly increases the hazard to loss of life downstream.

Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Of Cadmium Telluride., Alok K. Berry

Masters Theses

"Chemical spray pyrolysis is a technique for film growth which is of interest because of its potential for very large scale, inexpensive production of polycrystalline thin film semiconductor materials. Cadmium telluride shows promise as a base material for solar cell applications. Thin films of CdTe have been spray deposited on glass substrates from an aqueous solution containing CdC1₂, Teo₂ and a reducing agent. The films show a zinc blende structure and appear to be intrinsic. Microprobe analysis indicate an excess of Cd, but this is not detectable by X-ray diffraction. The photo absorption studies indicate a direct …

Physical Principles Of Local Heat Therapy For Cancer, Charles F. Babbs, David P. Dewitt

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Local hyperthermia therapy for cancer can produce selective heating of solid tumors on the basis of known physical laws. If energy is deposited in the general region of the tumor, temperature tends to develop in the tumor higher than that in surrounding normal tissues. The goal of therapy is to achieve cytotoxic temperature elevations in the tumor for an adequate period of time, without damaging nearby normal tissues. Several modalities exist for local heat treatment, of which radiofrequency and ultrasound offer the most promise for controlled, localized heating at depth. A paucity of blood flow in the tumor compared to …

Alteration Of Defibrillation Threshold By Antiarrhythmic Drugs: A Theoretical Framework, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Output During Cpr: A Comparison Of Two Methods, D L. Silver, R J. Murphy, Charles F. Babbs, L A. Geddes

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Simultaneous Fick and saline dilution methods were compared for measuring cardiac output during experimental cardiac arrest and resuscitation in anesthetized dogs. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) cardiac output averaged 53 ± 30 ml/min-kg (42% of pre-arrest values). Values obtained using the Fick vs. saline methods were highly correlated (r = 0.96), and were not statistically different (t = 1.47, df = 16).

Transchest Defibrillation Under Conditions Of Hypothermia, W A. Tacker, Charles F. Babbs, D R. Abendschein, L A. Geddes

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to determine whether or not hypothermia changes ventricular defibrillation threshold. Ventricular fibrillation was induced by electrical stimulation of the endocardium in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs, both during normothermia and hypothermia produced by circulating 8 °C water through a rubber bladder implanted in the peritoneal cavity. Defibrillation threshold was determined as the shock strength needed to defibrillate the ventricles and differing no more than 10 percent from a shock strength that failed to defibrillate. Defibrillation threshold current was stable for body temperatures ranging from 37 oC to 22 oC. Threshold energy increased linearly with decreasing temperature in keeping …

Effect Of Thoracic Venting On Arterial Pressure, And Flow During External Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation In Animals, Charles F. Babbs, Nicholas Bircher, Dennis E. Burkett, Henry A. Frissora, Brian C. Hodgkin, Peter Safar

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

To test the hypothesis that fluctuations in global intrathoracic pressure are the dominant cause of blood flow during external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) the authors studied the effects of open pneumothorax on experimental CPR in 7 domestic pigs and 12 mongrel dogs. Similar studies were conducted independently at three laboratories and are reported jointly. All studies were conducted during electrically induced ventricular fibrillation and with standard CPR technique, including ventral-dorsal chest compression at 60/min, 0.5 sec compression duration, 1:5ventilation:compression ratio. During alternate periods of CPR, intrathoracic pressure was vented through bilateral chest tubes, placed to create open pneumothorax and partial collapse …

Cardiac Output During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation At Various Compression Rates And Durations, Kevin R. Fitzgerald, Charles F. Babbs, Henry A. Frissora, Robert W. Davis, Douglas I. Silver

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Cardiac output during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was measured by a modified indicator-dilution technique in 20 anesthetized dogs (6-12 kg) during repeated 1- to 2-min episodes of electrically induced ventricular fibrillation and CPR, produced by a mechanical chest compressor and ventilator. With compression rates from 20 to 140/min and compression durations (duty cycles) from 10 to 90% of cycle time, cardiac output (CO) was predicted by the equation:

,

where CR is compression rate, DC is duty cycle, SV_max (19 ml) is the effective capacity of the pumping chamber, and k_l (0.00207 min) and k₂ (0.00707 min) are …

High Voltage Powerline Injury Studies, A. Sances, S. J. Larson, J. F. Szablya, J. Derald Morgan, J. B. Myklebust

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Current pathways and reconstructions of human injury after contact with distribution powerlines are not well understood. The impedance, currents, and modes of tissue destruction are rarely known. Eight anesthetized hogs, weighing 68 to 90 kg, were used in studies with potentials ranging from 2,100 to 14,400 volts. Electrical contact was made between the hindlimbs, from the hindlimb to forelimb, and over other regions of the body. Currents from 4 to 70 amperes rms and impedances ranging from 130 to 477 ohms were measured. Phase angles up to 40° were observed. Copyright © 1981 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics …

Bulletin 3929 - Irrigation In Western Australia, K S. Cole

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Irrigation is essential in many parts of the world to produce essential food and profitable cash crops. Generally, those areas of land with less than 360 mm of rain spread over a distinct wet season of several months cannot grow crops for food or cash on rainfall alone. Then irrigation becomes necessary unless some peculiarity such as an oasis exists.