Digital Commons Network^™

Aptamer-Based Proteomics Measuring Preoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Alterations Associated With Postoperative Delirium, Simon T. Dillon, Sarinnapha M. Vasunilashorn, Hasan H. Otu, Long Ngo, Tamara Fong, Xuesong Gu, Michele Cavallari, Alexandra Touroutoglou, Mouhsin Shafi, Sharon K. Inouye, Zhongcong Xie, Edward R. Marcantonio, Towia A. Libermann

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Delirium is a common postoperative complication among older patients with many adverse outcomes. Due to a lack of validated biomarkers, prediction and monitoring of delirium by biological testing is not currently feasible. Circulating proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may reflect biological processes causing delirium. Our goal was to discover and investigate candidate protein biomarkers in preoperative CSF that were associated with the development of postoperative delirium in older surgical patients. We employed a nested case–control study design coupled with high multiplex affinity proteomics analysis to measure 1305 proteins in preoperative CSF. Twenty-four matched delirium cases and non-delirium controls were selected …

Better Models For High-Stakes Tasks, Jacob Ryan Epifano

Theses and Dissertations

The intersection of machine learning and healthcare has the potential to transform medical diagnosis, treatment, and research. Machine learning models can analyze vast amounts of medical data and identify patterns that may be too complex for human analysis. However, one of the major challenges in this field is building trust between users and the model. Due to things like high false alarm rate and the black box nature of machine learning models, patients and medical professionals need to understand how the model arrives at its recommendations. In this work, we present several methods that aim to improve machine learning models …

Reducing Brain Kynurenic Acid Synthesis Precludes Kynurenine-Induced Sleep Disturbances, Katherine M. Rentschler, Snezana Milosavljevic, Annalisa M. Baratta, Courtney J. Wright, Maria V. Piroli, Zachary Tentor, Homayoun Valafar, Christian O'Reilly, Ana Pocivavsek

Publications

Patients with neurocognitive disorders often battle sleep disturbances. Kynurenic acid is a tryptophan metabolite of the kynurenine pathway implicated in the pathology of these illnesses. Modest increases in kynurenic acid, an antagonist at glutamatergic and cholinergic receptors, result in cognitive impairments and sleep dysfunction. We explored the hypothesis that inhibition of the kynurenic acid synthesising enzyme, kynurenine aminotransferase II, may alleviate sleep disturbances. At the start of the light phase, adult male and female Wistar rats received systemic injections of either: (i) vehicle; (ii) kynurenine (100 mg kg−1; i.p.); (iii) the kynurenine aminotransferase II inhibitor, PF-04859989 (30 mg kg−1; s.c.); …

Optimally Distributed Receiver Placements Versus An Environmentally Aware Source: New England Shelf Break Acoustics Signals And Noise Experiment, William K. Stevens, Martin Siderius, Matthew J. Carrier, Drew Wendeborn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article describes the results of the Spring of 2021 New England Shelf Break Acoustics (NESBA) Signals and Noise experiment as they pertain to the optimization of a field of passive receivers versus an environmentally aware source with end-state goals. A discrete optimization has been designed and used to demonstrate providing an acoustic system operator with actionable guidance relating to optimally distributed receiver locations and depths and likely mean source detection times and associated uncertainties as a function of source and receiver levels of environmental awareness. The uncertainties considered here are those due to the imperfect spatial and temporal sensing …

Brdf Measurements And Physical Optics Modeling Applied To Anisotropic Satellite Solar Cells, Madilynn E. Compean

Theses and Dissertations

Light curve analysis is often used to discern information about satellites in geosynchronous orbits, and since solar panels comprise relatively large surface areas, their reflected energy can contribute greatly to observed light curves. Data was collected using a space qualified solar cell interrogated by a green HeNe laser. The data validated certain aspects from previous work, but also identified multi-slit behavior, showed that the specular term was a second diffraction pattern, and diagnosed the out-of-plane diffraction curvature as the conical diffraction phenomenon. Two physical-optics-based models were developed to incorporate these new features and better predict solar cell BRDF solely from …

Quantifying Atmospheric Turbulence Effects On Image Quality Using A Deconvolution Algorithm, Ahmad M. Almalki

Theses and Dissertations

Imaging through turbulence is affected by several factors including imaging system specifications, imaging system setup and more importantly the atmospheric turbulence as it is uncontrollable. One important parameter which is used to quantify the atmospheric turbulence severity is the atmospheric coherence diameter (��₀ ), known as Fried's parameter. This thesis explores ways to characterize the atmospheric turbulence effects on image quality using simulated and laboratory generated turbulence where ��₀ is estimated using a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator and frequency domain analysis algorithms. Furthermore, image quality metrics such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity (SSIM) …

An Analytical Framework For Photonic Storage And Retrieval: Implications For Quantum Optical Networks, Billie V. Deluca

Theses and Dissertations

Quantum information and communication is the next revolution in information technology. However, communication through quantum networks will require the ability to transmit, store, and interact with photonic quantum bits (qubits). The focus of this dissertation is a theoretical description of a promising technology for storage of photonic states employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). A general semiclassical model for EIT photonic storage will be developed, a key capability required for understanding the effect of storage that is independent of the photonic state being stored. This dissertation demonstrates the capability of this model to predict light pulses retrieved from EIT storage as …

Atmospheric Propagation Of Qubits: Laboratory Experiments To Field Demonstrations, Keith A. Wyman

Theses and Dissertations

Free-space quantum networks can enable global-scale quantum communication via satellite-based nodes and quantum ground transceivers. To enable building of robust global quantum networks, it is critical to learn how the state of the qubit is transformed while propagating through the atmosphere. With such an overarching goal, we built a laboratory based atmospheric turbulence simulator (ATS) to characterize the effects of atmospheric turbulence on an entangled pair of photons as a function of statistical quantities such as the Fried parameter or scintillation index for long-distance communication. Specifically, the changes in the statistical properties associated with a quantum source was investigated using …

Uncertainties In Retrieval Of Remote Sensing Reflectance From Ocean Color Satellite Observations, Eder I. Herrera Estrella

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Ocean Color radiometry uses remote sensing to interpret ocean dynamics by retrieving remote sensing reflectance (������) from satellite imagery at different scales and over different time periods. ������ spectrum characterizes the ocean color that we observe, and from which we can discern concentrations of chlorophyll, organic and inorganic particles, and carbon fluxes in the ocean and atmosphere. ������ is derived from the total radiance at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). However, it only represents up to ten percent of the total signal. Hence, the retrieval of ������ from the total radiance at TOA involves the application of atmospheric correction …

An Animated Introduction To Digital Logic Design, John D. Carpinelli

Open and Affordable Textbooks

There is a newer edition of this textbook available here.

This book is designed for use in an introductory course on digital logic design, typically offered in computer engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and other related programs. Such a course is usually offered at the sophomore level. This book makes extensive use of animation to illustrate the flow of data within a digital system and to step through some of the procedures used to design and optimize digital circuits.

All of the animations for this book can be found here: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dld-animations/

Obtaining Sweet Molasses By The Method Of Hydromechanical And Enzymatic Processing Of Grain, Sadritdin Maxamatdinovich Turabdjanov, Kamoliddin Ahmadjonovich Mahmudov, Bexzod Alisherovich Kasimov, Kasun Dissanayake Kumara

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Methods of hydrolysis of grains to starch under the influence of hydrodynamic and enzymatic processes are logically based. Polysaccharides derived from starchy grains are known and popular in the food industry for their thickening and stabilizing properties. To date, studies that allow for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of interaction of polysaccharide-containing products with their main components, the effect on the set of rheological, organoleptic, physico-chemical properties of food products that determine their functions are relevant.

Mathematical Model Of An Industrial Robot Built On The Basis Of Linear Motion Mechatron Modules, Matyokubov Nurbek Rustamovich, Rakhimov Temurbek Omonboyevich

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The use of Industry 4.0 technologies in modern production serves to increase production efficiency. Robots and robotic complexes with innovative intelligent control are widely used in industrial production. However, studying their mechanical part, linear motion mechatronic modules and control system is a complex object. The variety and complexity of control methods and operating modes negatively affects the operator's working time and production productivity. In such cases, it is necessary to improve control methods and develop technologies used in industry, including robots and robotic manipulators, which allow to perform short movements with high accuracy and speed. In the article, the mathematical …

The Morphology Analysis Of Soil In Remote Sensing Image Processing, Mirzayan Mirzaaxmedovich Kamilov, Mirzaakbar Xakkulmirzayevich Hudayberdiev, Bobomurod Mamitjonovich Tojiboev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article analyzed various techniques used in satellite image processing to analyze soil morphology. Analysis of soil morphology using satellite imagery plays a crucial role in soil science research, Land Management, and environmental monitoring. It provides an economical and efficient means of studying large-scale soil variability, providing information on land sustainable use, resource management and soil conservation decisions.

Use Of Neural Networks In Intelligent Measurement Tools, N.R Yusupbekov, Y.Sh. Avazov, Umidjon Ruziev Phd

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The paper presents algorithms for processing the measurement signal with the possibilities of adaptation, learning and decision making. A comparative analysis of the methods of intellectual processing of measurement data is carried out. A model of a measuring instrument for determining the structure of a neural network has been developed. The problem of error reduction due to measurement noise filtering with the use of neural networks is considered. The structure of the neural network has been developed for intelligent processing of the measurement signal and ensuring the implementation of the functions of reconfiguration, calibration, self-diagnosis and self-control. A neural network …

Systematic Analysis Of Methods Of Control Of Dynamic Objects In Conditions Of Non-Measurable Disturbances, Mamirov Farkhodovich Uktam, Buronov Mamurjon Ugli Bunyod

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article presents a systematic analysis of control methods of dynamic objects under non-measurable disturbances. It is important to study all the factors affecting the control object in order to increase the efficiency of the control system. Due to the immeasurable nature of disturbances affecting control objects, it is shown that they cause negative effects and increase the complexity of control systems in this case. In the control of dynamic objects of this type, the possibilities of control by indirect measurement of disturbances or by estimation of object position and disturbances have been explored. The use cases, shortcomings and achievements …

Algorithms For Synthesis Of Adaptive Control Systems Based On The Neural Network Approach, Jasur Sevinov, Oxunjon Boborayimov, Sh.M. Abdishukurov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Here are algorithms for the synthesis of adaptive control systems based on the neural network approach presented. The issues of choice of architectures of neural networks that produce parametric identification of the object regulation. Adaptative neural networks that reproduce the optimal parameters of implemented controllers, methods of forming training samples for their training are considered. The other question of using the theory of artificial neural networks for approximating the functional of the controller's tuning parameters are determined. Structures of synthesized neural networks of parametric identification of objects with self-alignment in an open loop ACS are proposed. Algorithms made it possible …

Computer Training Systems For Training Engineering Personnel For Control Industrial Enterprises, Yusuf Shodiyevich Avazov, Kamola Rustamovna Abdullaeva

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A principle has been proposed for constructing computer simulators for improving the qualifications of process control operators at industrial enterprises and for training students of higher educational institutions. The capabilities of a computer simulator that can be used as a digital assistant are revealed. Their architecture for building digital simulators is proposed. From the architecture it is clear that the computer simulator consists of two systems. The training process management system and the server of the computerized simulator are combined into a digital simulator. Simulators in this category provide student operators with the opportunity to develop skills in self-control of …

The Relaying Network In Free-Space Optical Communications Using Optical Amplifiers In Cascaded Configuration, Ucuk Darusalam, Arockia Bazil Raj, Fitri Yuli Zulkifli, Purnomo Sidi Priambodo, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo

Makara Journal of Technology

Optical relaying is the best technique to implement free-space optical (FSO) communications as a terrestrial platform. However, atmospheric turbulence (AT) limits the optical-propagation path length. In this study, the implementation of some optical amplifiers (OAs) in cascaded configuration, namely, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, semiconductor OAs, and Raman amplifiers (RAs), are investigated through simulation. This study aims to search for the maximum link distance of an optical propagation and enhance the FSO performance caused by each configuration of OAs. The optical relaying network consists of three nodes, with each node designed with a space of several kilometers under the influence of AT. …

Effects Of Traps On Photo-Induced Interfacial Charge Transfer Of Ag-Tio2: Photoelectrochemical, Electrochemical And Spectroscopic Characterizations, Zhi-Hao Liang, Jia-Zheng Wang, Dan Wang, Jian-Zhang Zhou, De-Yin Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In the field of metal-semiconductor composites based plasmon-mediated chemical reactions, a clear and in-depth understanding of charge transfer and recombination mechanisms is crucial for improving plasmonic photocatalytic efficiency. However, the plasmonic photocatalytic reactions at the solid-liquid interface of the electrochemical systems involve complex processes with multiple elementary steps, multiple time scales, and multiple controlling factors. Herein, the combination of photoelectrochemical and electrochemical as well as spectroscopic characterizations has been successfully used to study the effects of traps on the photo-induced interfacial charge transfer of silver-titanium dioxide (Ag-TiO₂). The results show that the increase of surface hydroxyl groups may …

Blockchain-Based Applications For Smart Grids: An Umbrella Review, Wenbing Zhao, Quan Qi, Jiong Zhou, Xiong Luo Qi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This article presents an umbrella review of blockchain-based smart grid applications. By umbrella review, we mean that our review is based on systematic reviews of this topic. We aim to synthesize the findings from these systematic reviews and gain deeper insights into this discipline. After studying the systematic reviews, we find it imperative to provide a concise and authoritative description of blockchain technology because many technical inaccuracies permeate many of these papers. This umbrella review is guided by five research questions. The first research question concerns the types of blockchain-based smart grid applications. Existing systematic reviews rarely used a systematic …

Hypergraph-Based Multi-Robot Task And Motion Planning, James Motes, Tan Chen, Timothy Bretl, Marco Morales Aguirre, Nancy M. Amato

Michigan Tech Publications

In this article, we present a multi-robot task and motion planning method that, when applied to the rearrangement of objects by manipulators, results in solution times up to three orders of magnitude faster than the existing methods and successfully plans for problems with up to 20 objects, more than three times as many objects as comparable methods. We achieve this improvement by decomposing the planning space to consider manipulators alone, objects, and manipulators holding objects. We represent this decomposition with a hypergraph where vertices are decomposed elements of the planning spaces and hyperarcs are transitions between elements. The existing methods …

Hierarchical Based Classifcation Method Based On Fusion Ofgaussian Map Descriptors Foralzheimer Diagnosis Using T1‑Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nourhan Zayed, Shereen E. Morsy, Inas A. Yassine

Mechanical Engineering

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered one of the most spouting elderly diseases. In 2015, AD is reported the US’s sixth cause of death. Substantially, non-invasive imaging is widely employed to provide biomarkers supporting AD screening, diagnosis, and progression. In this study, Gaussian descriptors-based features are proposed to be efcient new biomarkers using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) T1-weighted images to diferentiate between Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Normal controls (NC). Several Gaussian map-based features are extracted such as Gaussian shape operator, Gaussian curvature, and mean curvature. The aforementioned features are then introduced to the Support Vector Machine (SVM). …

Watch: A Distributed Clock Time Offset Estimation Tool On The Platform For Open Wireless Data-Driven Experimental Research, Cassie Jeng

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

The synchronization of the clocks used at different devices across space is of critical importance in wireless communications networks. Each device’s local clock differs slightly, affecting the times at which packets are transmitted from different nodes in the network. This thesis provides experimentation and software development on POWDER, the Platform for Open, Wireless Data-driven Experimental Research, an open wireless testbed across the University of Utah campus. We build upon Shout, a suite of Python scripts that allow devices to iteratively transmit and receive with each other and save the collected data. We introduce WATCH, an experimental method to estimate clock …

Credit Hour Analysis, Tushar Ojha, Don R. Hush, Elias S. Lopez

Electrical & Computer Engineering Technical Reports

This report presents a detailed analysis of the credit hour usage pattern of undergraduate students at the University of New Mexico (UNM) using custom analytical tools. We introduce a credit-tree framework for analyzing credit hour efficiency. This framework leverages a custom-built specialized audit tool for categorizing student credits. More specifically, student credits are assigned to one of three categories: unusable credits that do not match any degree requirement, excess credits that can be removed without changing the requirement satisfaction, and applied credits that contribute to requirement satisfaction without excess. Clearly, this enables credit analysis at the course and degree requirement …

Distributed Optimization With Limited Communication In Networks With Adversaries, Iyanuoluwa Emiola

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

We all hope for the best but sometimes, one must plan for ways of dealing with the worst-case scenarios, especially in a network with adversaries. This dissertation illustrates a detailed description of distributed optimization algorithms over a network of agents, in which some agents are adversarial. The model considered is such that adversarial agents act to subvert the objective of the network. The algorithms presented in this dissertation are solved via gradient-based distributed optimization algorithm and the effects of the adversarial agents on the convergence of the algorithm to the optimal solution are characterized. The analyses presented establish conditions under …

Vertical Federated Learning Using Autoencoders With Applications In Electrocardiograms, Wesley William Chorney

Theses and Dissertations

Federated learning is a framework in machine learning that allows for training a model while maintaining data privacy. Moreover, it allows clients with their own data to collaborate in order to build a stronger, shared model. Federated learning is of particular interest to healthcare data, since it is of the utmost importance to respect patient privacy while still building useful diagnostic tools. However, healthcare data can be complicated — data format might differ across providers, leading to unexpected inputs and incompatibility between different providers. For example, electrocardiograms might differ in sampling rate or number of leads used, meaning that a …

Determining Student Attentiveness By Use Of Heart Rate Measurement Using A Wearable Device, Erik Rhodes Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Distraction from personal technology is a widely recognized problem in the modern classroom. Further, instructors have limited abilities to determine when students are waxing or waning in attentiveness. This evaluative experiment leverages the Apple Watch’s heart rate sensors to capture signs of attentiveness in participants simulating remote university lectures of differing interest levels as determined by YouTube commenters. Once captured, the heart rate data separated and analyzed to determine the effect of the lecture treatment on the participants’ heart rates. Twenty-seven students from Mississippi State University’s Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering departments elected to participate in …

Non-Destructive Evaluation Of White Striping And Microbial Spoilage Of Broiler Breast Meat Using Structured-Illumination Reflectance Imaging, Ebenezer O. Olaniyi

Theses and Dissertations

Manual inspection is a prevailing practice for quality assessment of poultry meat, but it is labor-intensive, tedious, and subjective. This thesis aims to assess the efficacy of an emerging structured illumination reflectance imaging (SIRI) technique with machine learning approaches for assessing WS and microbial spoilage in broiler breast meat. Broiler breast meat samples were imaged by an in house-assembled SIRI platform under sinusoidal illumination. In first experiment, handcrafted texture features were extracted from direct component (DC, corresponding to conventional uniform illumination) and amplitude component (AC, unique to the use of sinusoidal illumination) images retrieved from raw SIRI pattern images build …

Physical Layer Security With Unmanned Aerial Vehicles For Advanced Wireless Networks, Aly Sabri Abdalla

Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are emerging as enablers for supporting many applications and services, such as precision agriculture, search and rescue, temporary network deployment, coverage extension, and security. UAVs are being considered for integration into emerging wireless networks as aerial users, aerial relays (ARs), or aerial base stations (ABSs). This dissertation proposes employing UAVs to contribute to physical layer techniques that enhance the security performance of advanced wireless networks and services in terms of availability, resilience, and confidentiality. The focus is on securing terrestrial cellular communications against eavesdropping with a cellular-connected UAV that is dispatched as an AR or ABS. …

A Method For Economic Expansion Planning Of Transmission Networks Using Heuristic Rules And Non-Linear Optimization Model, Maged Gamal Lotfy, Mahmoud Ali Farrag, Mohamed Shibl Albags, Ahmed Hamdy Khalil

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper presents a method for economic planning of transmission networks in an iterative manner. The method is capable of solving large scale networks where the most "worst" new lines are deleted iteratively using heuristic rules. In each iteration, a relatively small size non-linear mathematical Programming model is built to enhance the deletion process. The non-linear model is based on full AC load flow where only the reactive power injected from different available reactive power sources are controlled plus the reference bus voltage magnitude. The deletion process is stopped when the deleting of any line from the rest set of …