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The Effect Of Air Quality On Us Labor Market Participation, Grant Taylor Miller Apr 2019

The Effect Of Air Quality On Us Labor Market Participation, Grant Taylor Miller

18th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2019)

The adverse effects of deteriorating air quality on both human health and labor markets have become well-documented in epidemiological and economic literature. Health-conscious policymakers are presented with the challenge of implementing environmental regulations without causing substantial economic disturbance to industry employment, productivity, and wages. However, the social benefits of better health outcomes may correspond with economic benefits that outweigh the costs. Using data from the Current Population Survey and the Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality Index, this study uses a multivariate fixed effects regression approach to estimate the relationship between air quality and various measures of labor market participation across …

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The Impact Of Demographic Transition (Elderly Dependency Ratio) On Fiscal Balance, Patrick Nartey Apr 2019

The Impact Of Demographic Transition (Elderly Dependency Ratio) On Fiscal Balance, Patrick Nartey

Student Research Symposium

The united states currently is the third populous nation in the world after china and India. This represents about 4.5% of the world's population. the U.S population was estimated at 308.7 million during the 2010 census. The share of the population that is 65 and over keeps rising over the years .Over the last ten years the 65 and over population has jumped from 12.55 to 15%.This paper seeks to find the relationship between the fiscal balance and the demographic variables. Proper understanding of this dynamics enables policy-makers to develop pragmatic projection with regards to government expenditure on some essential …

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The Role Of Income Inequality As A Predictor Of Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, Daniel Friedberg Apr 2019

The Role Of Income Inequality As A Predictor Of Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, Daniel Friedberg

Student Scholar Showcase

The role of income inequality in relation to gross domestic product is of great importance in modern time. Income inequality is a pressing phenomenon in the fields of economics, politics, and sociology, while Gross Domestic Product is the benchmark statistic in measuring the health of any economy. But how well does income inequality serve as a predictor for the level of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) GDP per capita within a nation? This cross-sectional study determines that the GINI Index has no significant statistical relationship with PPP GDP per capita level. While income inequality is a major economic variable that contributes …

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Theorizing The Social Determinants Of Breast Cancer In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Family Health Nursing Perspective, Rosemary W. Eustace, Tumaini Nyamhanga, Eunice Lee Apr 2019

Theorizing The Social Determinants Of Breast Cancer In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Family Health Nursing Perspective, Rosemary W. Eustace, Tumaini Nyamhanga, Eunice Lee

Seminars in Local and Global Regional Economies

The aim of this presentation is to discuss the theorizing process of a Family Health Strength-Based Socio-Ecological Model of Breast Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa and the model’s meaning to family nursing practice. The major purpose of theorizing this model is to explore the social determinants of breast cancer within and external to the family system. The model is developed based on key realities inductively generated from integrated and empirical evidence on breast cancer in the region. Understanding the social contexts of health from this multilevel holistic systems approach offers nurses opportunities to prioritize research and interventions in disease prevention and …

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Nebraska Business And Consumer Confidence Indexes: April 5, 2019, Eric Thompson Apr 2019

Nebraska Business And Consumer Confidence Indexes: April 5, 2019, Eric Thompson

Leading Economic Indicator Reports

Consumer and business confidence remained strong in Nebraska during March 2019. The Consumer Confidence Index – Nebraska (CCI-N) stood at 110.0 in March, well above the neutral value of 100 and the value of 103.2 in February 2019. The Business Confidence Index – Nebraska (BCI-N) stood at 108.9 in March, well above the neutral level and up slightly from 108.2 in February. When asked about the most important issue facing their business, 31 percent of respondents chose customer demand while 21 mentioned the quality and availability of labor and 12 percent mentioned competition from other businesses. Just 8 percent of …

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[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier Apr 2019

[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

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Parkersburg Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Danielle Kaminski, Patrick Opitz, Ian Wylie, John Deskins, Brian Lego Apr 2019

Parkersburg Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Danielle Kaminski, Patrick Opitz, Ian Wylie, John Deskins, Brian Lego

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

The Parkersburg Area economy has generally struggled over the past several years. The five-county region avoided the economic downturn that plagued several regions in West Virginia between 2012 and 2015, as payrolls increased nearly 2,000 during this period of time. In more recent years, however, the Parkersburg Area economy has struggled significantly, with payrolls falling by more than 3,700 by mid-2018. The region’s economy does appear to have stabilized thanks to some recent growth in natural gas output and pipeline infrastructure as well as continued development of the Hino manufacturing facility, economic recovery remains tenuous due to structural issues that …

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Huntington Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Emily Frasa, Will Mccleery, Tucker Miller, Trip Patterson, John Deskins, Brian Lego Apr 2019

Huntington Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Emily Frasa, Will Mccleery, Tucker Miller, Trip Patterson, John Deskins, Brian Lego

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

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The Weirton Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Sarah Alway, Garrett Cathell, William Wagstaff, John Deskins, Brian Lego Apr 2019

The Weirton Area Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Sarah Alway, Garrett Cathell, William Wagstaff, John Deskins, Brian Lego

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

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The Greenbrier Valley Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Henry Barkey-Bircann, Patrick Klaas, John Maltby, John Deskins, Brian Lego Apr 2019

The Greenbrier Valley Economic Outlook 2019-2024, Henry Barkey-Bircann, Patrick Klaas, John Maltby, John Deskins, Brian Lego

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

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Introduction, Ken Mccormick Apr 2019

Introduction, Ken Mccormick

Major Themes in Economics

No abstract provided.

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Does Family Size Negatively Affect Child Health Outcomes In The United States?, Ji Sue Song Apr 2019

Does Family Size Negatively Affect Child Health Outcomes In The United States?, Ji Sue Song

Economics Honors Projects

This paper explores the relationship between family size and child health outcomes in the United States. More specifically, it attempts to determine if the number of siblings has a causal effect on child health. Becker’s Quantity-Quality tradeoff suggests that more children (quantity) results to unhealthier children (quality). The main estimation strategy is the use of instrumental variables, for family size and health outcomes can be jointly determined by parental characteristics unseen and unaccounted for. In addition, a sub-analysis on families below the poverty line is conducted to see the additional effect of another child under more constricted circumstances. Lastly, the …

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A Panel Data Study Of The Determinants Of Life Expectancy In Low Income Countries, Taylor Rizzo Apr 2019

A Panel Data Study Of The Determinants Of Life Expectancy In Low Income Countries, Taylor Rizzo

Honors Projects in Economics

This study attempts to determine the impact of several socioeconomic determinants of life expectancy for 34 low income countries using ordinary least squares linear regression. Most explanatory variables were statistically significant, implying that the socioeconomic variables of interest, including government health expenditures, access to basic sanitation facilities, HIV prevalence, urbanization, education, and sex, are important measures in influencing life expectancy. Foreign aid, corruption, and undernourishment, were determined insignificant when determining life expectancy. Based on the analysis results, it has been suggested that these developing countries implement appropriate policies and programs to increase HIV education and preventative measures, increase women’s rights …

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The Effect Of Birth Order On Behavior On Behavior And Academic Performance, Maria Long Apr 2019

The Effect Of Birth Order On Behavior On Behavior And Academic Performance, Maria Long

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

This paper studies the effect of birth order on a child’s math and reading comprehension aptitudes and likelihood of behavior problems. Numerous studies have been performed on this topic and the conclusions have varied. In this paper, I control for gender, race, number of siblings, mother’s age at birth, mother’s marital status at birth of child, and how often children argue with their parents about homework. I find evidence to suggest that first-born children will have significantly higher academic performance outcomes, last-born children will have significantly lower behavior issues, and the environment in which a child is raised will have …

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Opioid Overdose And Unemployment In The Uk, Hayden Grace Apr 2019

Opioid Overdose And Unemployment In The Uk, Hayden Grace

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Opioid overdose in the United Kingdom has risen drastically over the last few years along with the rise in the use of zero-hours contracts. Zero-hours contracts are contracts for employment that guarantee no work but can anchor a person to a job that doesn’t pay above minimum wage when they do not receive work. Since opioid use is often associated with poorer economic conditions in the United States, this paper attempts to measure any correlation between poverty and opioid use in the UK. Using zero-hours contracts as a proxy for underemployment we use several regression models to determine the predictability …

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Debt Accumulation And Economic Growth In Emerging Market Economies: Is Debt Promoting Or Hindering Growth?, Kelly Stone Apr 2019

Debt Accumulation And Economic Growth In Emerging Market Economies: Is Debt Promoting Or Hindering Growth?, Kelly Stone

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) recently warned of the growing accumulation of debt in emerging market economies (EMEs) and the potential for debt crises, a clear warning for investors (Allen, 2018). While the IMF suggests investors may be better served elsewhere, EMEs hold an integral role in the international market as consumers, producers, and entrepreneurs. Despite regular research on advanced economies, middle income countries like EMEs are often ignored. As EMEs grapple with their inability to overcome the current increase in the value of the US Dollar, this study works to understand how debt impacts economic growth and other governance …

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Inference In Partially Identified Panel Data Models With Interactive Fixed Effects, Shengjie Hong, Liangjun Su, Yaqi Wang Apr 2019

Inference In Partially Identified Panel Data Models With Interactive Fixed Effects, Shengjie Hong, Liangjun Su, Yaqi Wang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper develops methods for statistical inferences in a partially identified nonparametric panel data model with endogeneity and interactive fixed effects. We consider the case where the number of cross-sectional units (N) is large and the number of time series periods (T).as well as the number of unobserved common factors (R) are fixed. Under some normalization rules, wecan concentrateout thelarge dimen-sional parameter vector of factor loadings and specify a set of conditional moment restriction that are involved with only the finite dimensional factor parameters along with the infinite dimensional nonpara-metric component. For a conjectured restriction on the parameter, we consider …

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Accessing Irs Form 990 Data With Excel, Humberto Barreto, Michele T. Villinski Apr 2019

Accessing Irs Form 990 Data With Excel, Humberto Barreto, Michele T. Villinski

Economics and Management Faculty publications

Form990.xlsm, freely available at archive.org/details/Form990.xlsm, is a standalone, macro-enabled Excel workbook that allows users to easily download and analyze IRS Form 990 tax data. This information is extremely difficult to access in machine-readable format, but the IRS recently made the data available as XML files. Form990.xlsm directly imports data in separate sheets for each institution. This paper demonstrates how to use this tool by analyzing a small sample of similar colleges. We compare Form 990 data with IPEDS and find substantial agreement, but important differences. Form 990 data offer researchers an alternative to IPEDS for higher education work and enable …

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[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier Apr 2019

[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Aspirations To Empire: American Imperialism, Foreign Policy, And The 1954 Guatemalan Coup D’État, Mary Creedon Apr 2019

Aspirations To Empire: American Imperialism, Foreign Policy, And The 1954 Guatemalan Coup D’État, Mary Creedon

Economics Student Scholarship

When the sun began to set on the British Empire - the largest the world had ever seen and the dominant world power for over a century – in the aftermath of World War II, the United States designated itself the new arbiter of international relations. Wielding economic imperialism as an Empire-building tool, the U.S., through interference in the internal affairs of countries around the globe, became the world’s dominant superpower. In particular, the United States developed a pattern of interfering in the domestic sphere of Latin American nations to protect the economic interests of American capitalists. Through a historical …

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The Omaha Barometer, Eric Thompson Apr 2019

The Omaha Barometer, Eric Thompson

Bureau of Business Research Publications

The 2019 Barometer compares the economic performance and characteristics of Greater Omaha with nine other metros to reveal strengths and opportunities for growth. Greater Omaha continues to perform competitively when compared with these high-performing metros and has a strong advantage in entrepreneurship, business costs and aspects of growth and quality of life.

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Maternal Mortality In The U.S., Christine Shipley Apr 2019

Maternal Mortality In The U.S., Christine Shipley

Major Themes in Economics

While the global maternal mortality ratio has decreased, the U.S. maternal mortality ratio has increased over recent decades. The U.S. has the worst maternal mortality ratio among developed countries. This paper examines potential explanations for the increase in the U.S. maternal mortality ratio, including problems in how the data are reported, medical intervention, and poverty. Potential remedies for issues are discussed. I conclude that even though all three factors have likely contributed to the rise in the maternal mortality ratio, the total effect of the factors is not clearly known and most likely does not fully explain the rise in …

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Humanitarian Assistance In Protracted Emergencies: Rethinking The Role Of Food Aid In Adjumani, Victoria Puglia Apr 2019

Humanitarian Assistance In Protracted Emergencies: Rethinking The Role Of Food Aid In Adjumani, Victoria Puglia

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Humanitarian food assistance is incredibly susceptible to funding cuts, which reduces the quantity of food available to refugees. If refugees depend solely on food aid for survival, the implication of reductions is increased food insecurity at a household level. The Government of Uganda champions a self-reliance strategy that has failed to support refugees to the desired extent, especially when food rations are low. This study aims to assess the impact of humanitarian food assistance on the socioeconomic structures of refugee settlements in Adjumani, Uganda to understand the consequences of unstable food aid. The research was conducted over a four-week period. …

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Department Of Economics Newsletter, V24, Spring 2019, University Of Northern Iowa. Department Of Economics. Apr 2019

Department Of Economics Newsletter, V24, Spring 2019, University Of Northern Iowa. Department Of Economics.

Department of Economics Newsletter

Inside this issue:
-- Scholarship News
-- Alumni News
-- Student Writing
-- Undergraduate Research
-- Economics Club
-- Lawrence M. Jepson Student Awards
-- Lawrence M. Jepson Forum
-- Internships and Co-ops
-- Faculty Recognition
-- Faculty-Staff Updates
-- Presidential Proclamation
-- From Faculty
-- Our Furry Friends
-- An Interview with Matt Hampton
-- Economics Department Faculty and Staff

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Essays In The Economics Of Education, Breyon J. Williams Apr 2019

Essays In The Economics Of Education, Breyon J. Williams

Theses and Dissertations

I examine, separately, the impact of three education programs on student achievement, using difference-in-differences and difference-in-difference-in-differences designs. First, I examine whether spillover benefits on achievement exist from preschool. I estimate the effect of exposure to a South Carolina preschool program that targets disadvantaged four-year-olds on students’ test scores in grades 3 through 5, where exposure means residing in a school district once the program was made available and disadvantaged students are those eligible for free or reduced-price lunch or Medicaid. I find that exposure to the preschool program not only increases the math and reading scores of targeted students, but …

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The Effects Of Eitc Exposure In Childhood On Marriage And Early Childbearing, Katherine Michelmore, Leonard M. Lopoo Apr 2019

The Effects Of Eitc Exposure In Childhood On Marriage And Early Childbearing, Katherine Michelmore, Leonard M. Lopoo

Center for Policy Research

This study analyzes the effect of exposure to the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) in childhood on marriage and childbearing in early adulthood. Results suggest that exposure in childhood leads women to delay marriage and first births in early adulthood (ages 18-25), but not men. These results have implications for the well-being of both individuals exposed to the EITC in childhood as well as their future children. In addition, because childless adults cannot claim the EITC until age 25, our back-ofthe-envelope calculations suggest that these delays likely save up to $199 million annually in social welfare costs.

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The Fire Rises: Refining The Pennsylvania Fireworks Law So That Fewer People Get Burned, Sean P. Kraus Apr 2019

The Fire Rises: Refining The Pennsylvania Fireworks Law So That Fewer People Get Burned, Sean P. Kraus

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

On October 30, 2017, the General Assembly of Pennsylvania passed an act that repealed the state’s fireworks law, which had prohibited the sale of most fireworks to Pennsylvanian consumers for nearly 80 years. The law’s replacement generally permits Pennsylvanians over 18 years old to purchase, possess, and use “Consumer Fireworks.” Bottle rockets, firecrackers, Roman candles, and aerial shells are now available to amateur celebrants for holidays like Independence Day and New Year’s Eve. The law also regulates a category of larger “Display Fireworks,” sets standards for fireworks vendors, and introduces a 12-percent excise tax on fireworks sales that serves to …

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Investigating The Change In The Out-Of-Pocket Cost Of Insulin Over Time, Jared Long Apr 2019

Investigating The Change In The Out-Of-Pocket Cost Of Insulin Over Time, Jared Long

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Insulin is often cited as a classic near perfectly inelastic good; for those living with Type-1 diabetes, antihyperglycemic medicines are the only thing standing between them and possible death, and they must be willing to pay for the medication regardless of the price. When researchers at the University of Toronto released the patent for insulin in 1922, they asked for only $1 so that the medication would be available to as many people as possible; however, as insulin analogs and new biosimilar substitutes have been invented, the price of medications has increased substantially. While the rising cost of insulin has …

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Analisis Kelayakan Berjalan Dan Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Minat Berjalan Kaki Di Jakarta, Wahyuni Kurniawati Apr 2019

Analisis Kelayakan Berjalan Dan Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Minat Berjalan Kaki Di Jakarta, Wahyuni Kurniawati

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

Walking is the main mode of transportation for most people around the world and is a link from one mode of transportation to another. Pedestrian paths in Jakarta have not been able to provide comfort for pedestrians, meaning, it can be said that the sidewalks in Jakarta are not yet walkable and have not been filled with adequate facilities. Pedestrian facilities are measured using walkability. Walkability is included in accessibility that has a good economic impact, namely saving transportation costs, efficiency of land use, increasing property prices (residential), saving health costs, and economic development. The provision of pedestrian areas is …

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Perbandingan Dampak Alokasi Anggaran Terhadap Pendapatan Dalam Dua Rezim: Pilkada Langsung Versus Tidak Langsung, Aan Heriyana, Vid Adrison Apr 2019

Perbandingan Dampak Alokasi Anggaran Terhadap Pendapatan Dalam Dua Rezim: Pilkada Langsung Versus Tidak Langsung, Aan Heriyana, Vid Adrison

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

This study compares the impact of budget allocations between regions that have carried out direct regional elections and indirectly and their impact on regional per capita income. The budget allocation uses the allocation of capital expenditure and indirect expenditure on the Regional Expenditure Budget (APBD) of regencies and cities in Indonesia. Empirically, in the 2005-2010 period in Indonesia, the estimation results using Pooled Least Square did not show a significant difference in the impact of budget allocation on regional per capita income between the regime and direct versus indirect elections. But regionally there are significant differences in districts and cities …

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