Digital Commons Network^™

The Business Of Language: Latino Entrepreneurs, Language Use, And Firm Performance, Alberto Dávila, Michael Jack Pisani, Gerardo Miranda

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Determinants Of Growth Volatility In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Jenny Thao Le

Mark A. Israel '91 Endowed Summer Research Fund in Economics

This study examines the structural, institutional, and political factors that influence the levels of economic volatility observed in low- and middle-income countries. Analyzing a sample of 86 countries over the period 1997-2019, the study finds that the determinants of per capita GDP growth volatility change as a country moves up the income ladder. For the developing countries with relatively low income levels, the most important sources of economic instability include the relative sizes of government spending and of credit supply, variations in agricultural productivity growth, and governing factors such as the level of law enforcement and the extent to which …

Singapore In The Global Value Chains, Pao-Li Chang, Tran Bao Phuong Nguyen

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this chapter, we analyze the participation of Singapore in the global value chains (GVC): how much of its gross exports are GVC-related trade, how downstream it is, and which countries are its key upstream and downstream trade partners. This is done at both the country aggregate and at the sector level. New formulas are proposed in the gross export decomposition framework of Koopman, Wang and Wei (2014) and Borin and Mancini (2017), to characterize a country/industry’s downstreamness in the GVC and the importance of each trade partner in its backward/forward linkages. Singapore is found to start off with a …

Author Biographical Notes, Mssj Staff

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Structural Discrimination In Covid-19 Workplace Protections, Ruqaiijah Yearby, Seema Mohapatra

All Faculty Scholarship

Workers, who are being asked to risk their health by working outside their homes during the COVID-19 pandemic, need adequate hazard compensation, safe workplace conditions, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Sadly, this is not happening for many essential workers, such as those working in home health care and in the meat processing industry. These workers are not only being unnecessarily exposed to the virus, but they are also not receiving paid sick leave, unemployment benefits, and affordable health care and childcare. The lack of these protections is due to structural discrimination and has disproportionately disadvantaged women of color and low-wage …

Contractual Arbitrage, Stephen J. Choi, G. Mitu Gulati, Robert E. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

Standard-form contracts are likely to be incomplete because they are not tailored to the needs of particular deals. In an attempt to reduce incompleteness, standard-form contracts often contain clauses with vague or ambiguous terms. Terms with indeterminate meaning present opportunities for strategic behavior well after a contract has been executed. This linguistic uncertainty in standard-form commercial contracts creates an opportunity for “contractual arbitrage”: parties may argue ex post that the uncertainties in expression mean something that the contracting parties did not contemplate ex ante. This chapter argues that the scope for contractual arbitrage is a direct function of the techniques …

Examining Barriers Impacting Women’S Promotion Into C-Suite Positions In Higher Education, Lynette Johnson Nelson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The United States Department of Labor indicated that women represent 46.8% and men represent 53.2% of the United States’ 16 years and older civilian labor force. An estimated 52% of adult women compared to 48% of men participating in the civilian labor force held a bachelor’s degree or higher, and women represented 47% of the management and professional sector’s positions. Women occupy 25% of C-suite positions in the Standard & Poor 500 companies. In higher education, 30% of college presidents are women. Women continue to face several barriers as they try to move into senior executive leadership positions. The specific …

Budget Support And Quality Of Public Governance In West Africa, Ademonkoun Rodolphe Godfried Missinhoun

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Donors have been increasingly using budget support since 2000 to associate development aid delivery with improved development institutions and good policies that will ensure aid effectiveness, in particular in West Africa Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. There is however little evidence that budget support promotes good policies and institutions in WAEMU countries. The purpose of this quantitative research was to explore relationships between budget support as an official development assistance modality and public expenditures efficiency as an indicator of public governance quality. The aid effectiveness theoretical framework developed by Cordello and Dell ’Ariccia informed research questions to determine whether …

The State Of The Region: Hampton Roads 2020, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University, Vinod Agarwal, Andrew A. Bennett, Barbara Blake, Emily Campion, Ethan Crouson, Steve Daniel, Addie Gregory, Elizabeth Janik, Nikki Johnson, Sheila Keener, James V. Koch, Tim Komarek, Feng Lian, Sharon Lomax, Janet Molinaro, Brendan O' Hallarn, Robert M. Mcnab

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

[From the introductory material]

This is Old Dominion University’s 21st annual State of the Region Report. While it represents the work of many people connected in various ways to the university, the report does not constitute an official viewpoint of Old Dominion, its president, John R. Broderick, the Board of Visitors, the Strome College of Business or the generous donors who support the activities of the Dragas Center for Economic Analysis and Policy.

Although our devotion to this work remains steadfast, our enthusiasm, admittedly, has been dampened by the COVID-19 pandemic and the toll it has taken on the region, …

The State And War On Poverty: British Welfare Development And Its Legacies For Malawi, 1930s-1983, Gift Wasambo Kayira

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation documents the struggles and dilemmas that the Malawian state endured as it attempted to achieve its developmental goals from the 1930s to 1983. It contributes to histories of development by focusing on the interventions both the colonial and postcolonial states made to improve the living standards of African rural communities, the ideas which shaped state programs, and the behavior of the state which such interventions reveal. Scholars typically argue that state policy in Malawi was necessarily destructive and limited the economic progress of the local communities. The state deliberately pursued land, market, and other agricultural policies that constrained …

Public Education, The State, And The Crisis, Hakan Yilmaz

Publications and Research

This paper aims to construct a framework for understanding the causes and dynamics of the wave of teacher strikes that took place in 2018-19. To do this, the paper first analyzes the constraints under which the state managers function and describes the relationship between the state and public education. Second, it summarizes a theoretical framework for understanding the Great Recession and describes the influence of neoliberal policy orthodoxy on the reaction to the Great Recession. Third, it provides empirical evidence that displays how following the Great Recession, the constraints of the state actors and implementation of certain policies reduced spending …

The Distributional Short-Term Impact Of The Covid-19 Crisis On Wages In The United States, Yonatan Berman

Publications and Research

This paper uses Bureau of Labor Statistics employment and wage data to study the distributional impact of the COVID-19 crisis on wages in the United States by mid-April. It answers whether wages of lower-wage workers decreased more than others', and to what extent. We find that the COVID-19 outbreak exacerbates existing inequalities. Workers at the bottom quintile in mid-March were three times more likely to be laid off by mid-April compared to higher-wage workers. Weekly wages of workers at the bottom quintile decreased by 6% on average between mid-February and mid-March and by 26% between mid-March and mid-April. The average …

Microfinance In Latin America: Poverty Alleviation And The Impact Of Institutional Mimicry, Lindsay Jouben

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microfinance has become a program of choice in the international development community. The World Bank has promoted microfinance programs under the idea that poverty alleviation can be accomplished by mainly providing credit. [1] As such, these policies are often replicated throughout the developing world. This replication is done through international organizations adopting a standard of best practices for the microfinance field. Best practices consist of a complex set of standard by which all banks must adhere if they receive funding from the World Bank or International Monetary Fund. These best practices, following neoliberal economics, lay out how microfinance should operate …

Essays In Development Economics, Zachary Rodriguez

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My dissertation focuses on several fields of study within economics. The common lens through which I ask all my questions is development economics. I employ health and public economics to aide in the interpretation and discussion of my analyses. Separately, my chapters explore issues related positive spillovers from overcompetition in contests, demand for financial services among low-income households, and the empowerment of women through access to guaranteed employment. Collectively, my dissertation offers evidence and insight regarding how we analyze and improve development initiatives that aim to change the lives of people who are poor or ill.

Three Essays On Health Economics And Policy Evaluation, Shishir Shakya

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation consists of three essays on the U.S. Health care policy. Each paragraph below refers to the three abstracts for the three chapters in this dissertation, respectively. I provide quantitative evidence on how much Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) affects the retail opioid prescribing behaviors. Using the American Community Survey (ACS), I retrieve county-level high dimensional panel data set from 2010 to 2017. I employ three separate identification strategies: difference-in-difference, double selection post-LASSO, and spatial difference-in-difference. I compare how the retail opioid prescribing behaviors of counties, that are mandatory for prescribers to check the PDMP before prescribing controlled substances …

A Contemporary Tale Of Two Countries - State Of Children In India And Pakistan, Arijit Ray

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Some common economic problems of the Indian subcontinent are its low per-capita income, major dependence on agriculture, heavy population pressure, chronic unemployment, slow capital formation, limited opportunity for human capital development, rising pollution, and heavy inequality in the wealth distribution. Each of these problems affects its children in its unique way, both directly and indirectly. However, some problems are human-made which directly affect its own existence. I focus on two countries in the Indian subcontinent: India and Pakistan, where such problems exist. In both societies, female children are valued less than male children, a common theme across many other countries …

Essays On Employment Growth, Wage Discrimination, And Marijuana Legalization, Candon Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The opening chapter covers the impact of the Olympic Games on employment growth. The Olympics Games stand as the largest sporting event in the world. The Games include approximately 200 countries during the Summer Olympic Games and 90 countries competing in the Winter Games, each occurring once every four years. Potential host cities fiercely compete to host the games under the guise of economic prosperity. Event promoters claim substantial economic benefits, such as employment growth, to be had from hosting these costly games. This paper examines the impacts of the Olympic Games on employment growth rates using a synthetic control …

Three Essays In Applied Econometrics: Understanding Population Changes, Samuel P. Taylor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This body of work consists of three research projects developed around a central theme – what might cause a person to leave the place where they live? As a native and resident of West Virginia, this question is not a purely academic one. My region has long struggled with how to retain our “best and brightest” in the face of challenging socio-economic conditions. Looking at the question differently, understanding what negative influences may exist to cause a person that might otherwise have remained in a place to leave, could provide large influences on policy and strategy for retention of residents …

Essays On The Political Economy Of Governance, Yang Zhou

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation studies the governance structure and its economic impacts in the Chinese context. Specifically, I use a public choice framework to analyze how institutions influence economic and political activities of both public officials and private sectors. Chapter 1 employs the synthetic control method to investigate the effects of institutions to regional economic development. Chongqing Municipality, a province-level region in China, had a unique leader from late 2007 to early 2012 who conducted red ideology movements and legal intervention. The empirical results reveal that although the economic policies promoted the Chongqing economy, the Maoist political policies partially undermined its economic …

The Experience Of The Local Control Accountability Plan, Angela Carter Pascual

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

In 2013 the California Legislation passed a new K-12 School accountability mandate.

The Local Control Accountability Plan was sought to increase the educational equity for targeted student groups in addition to allowing school districts to mine a diverse set of local school data to develop goals in the 8 priority areas that speak to the needs of their local students. A requirement of the LCAP was that school districts include a diverse set of stakeholders to work in a collaborative manner to develop, critique, and refine local goals. Stakeholder groups are required to consist of district-level administrators, teachers, staff, students, …

Parent Financial Socialization Scale: Development And Preliminary Validation, Ashley B. Lebaron, Melissa A. Curran, E. Jeffery Hill, Margaret E. Freeh, Russell B. Toomey, Katherine E. Speirs

Faculty Publications

A theoretically-grounded, validated measure of parent financial socialization is needed. This paper describes the development and validation process of three new scales: the Parent Financial Modeling Scale (eight items), the Parent-Child Financial Discussion Scale (nine items), and the Experiential Learning of Finances Scale (three items). These may be treated as subscales of a multidimensional latent construct: the Parent Financial Socialization Scale (20 items). The three scales measure the three primary methods of family financial socialization. The scales are designed to be retrospective, with target participants being U.S. emerging adults (age 18-30). A rigorous development process was undertaken: an initial pool …

‘Coronated’ Consumption In The Viral Market, Soonkwan Hong

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The universal exposure to the virus has disrupted institutions, redefined values, and reshaped systems, including the market. Idling, uncertainty, and liquidity encapsulate the ever-precarious individual lives and the reflexive socio-politico-cultural changes. These conditions and consequences nonetheless create paradoxical opportunities in the viral market. The new meaning of connectivity that promotes high-viscosity relationships and high-visibility identities will transform the market to better acknowledge and support humans and the new sociality.

Working Capital Efficiency And Firm Profitability: Narrative Literature Review, Nufazil Ahangar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this paper is to review research on working capital efficiency and firm profitability and suggest agenda for future research. Using narrative literature review method, the present study reviews 339 journal articles. Detailed narrative review reveals that working capital efficiency and firm profitability phenomenon reveals that results are equivocal.

Rules Of Origin Across African Regional Trading Agreements: A Landscape With Measures To Address Challenges At Harmonization☆:, Julien Gourdon, Dzmitry Kniahin, Jaime De Melo, Mondher Mimouni

Journal of African Trade

No abstract provided.

Benefits From Laguna Lake: Perspective Of Small Fisher Households, Rosalina Palanca-Tan

Economics Department Faculty Publications

Fishing is considered to be the most important among the many uses of Laguna Lake, the largest lake in the Philippines and second largest in Southeast Asia. Using primary data gathered through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a household survey together with secondary data on revenue and cost estimates for aquaculture and catch fisheries, this paper discusses the lake___s role in the economic life of two fishing communities located along the shoreline. The study, which uses a microscopic lens to look at issues from the perspective of small fisher households instead of from that of policymakers and non-government …

Diffusing New Media As Know-How Digital Communication In Troubleshoot Maintenance Of Pico Hydro Technology In Bengkulu, Indonesia, Naldo Naldo, Hardika Widi Satria, Dendy Adanta Departement Of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Warjito Warjito

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Communication has an important role for spreading messages and ideas through various mediums. This research explains the important role of new media in community engagement activities and the dissemination of new information, innovations and technologies that have been done in 2017, especially for the graphic design via the internet on Pico Hydro's information technology in Batu Roto village, Bengkulu province, Indonesia. Community involvement itself is based on a special multidisciplinary perspective of communication and engineering. Pico Hydro is commonly used worldwide to generate electricity in rural areas, making it very useful for rural electrification. We conduct research to meet the …

Tinjauan Waktu Penyediaan Berkas Rekam Medik Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit X Di Tangerang Selatan, Supriadi Supriadi, Dian Putri Damayanti

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

This study looked at the description of the time of the provision of medical records and the factors that cause delays in provision at X Hospital South Tangerang.This research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data used were 242 outpatient medical records which were measured at the time they were provided. The file was obtained for 6 days, starting Monday-Saturday from 09.30-12.00. Data is grouped into provision time groups ≤ 10 minutes and provision time groups >10 minutes. Then an in-depth interview with the head of the Medical Record Installation to get an overview of the causes of the …

The Entrepreneurship Capacity Building Program And Empowering Fisherwomen Sawohan Village, East Java, Vindaniar Putri, Andhita Yukihana, Arsya Shafira, Arny Tasya, Badra Al-Aufa

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Research on women in a coastal area tends to focus only on their roles as processors and vendors of fishery products. However, their contribution to the family economy is rarely overlooked. This descriptive study is an initial examination of the fisherwoman’s role on household income in Sawohan Village, East Java, Indonesia. The village, which is famous for the fishery products it turns out, is classified as a poor village because the local income is far below the East Java average minimum wage. The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to empower fisherwomen to improve the economy of the family; …

The Effect Of School Operational Assistance Program On Investment In Education By Households: Evidence From Indonesia, Nia Pramita Sari

Economics and Finance in Indonesia

The School Operational Assistance Program, referred to as BOS, is a demand intervention program indirectly provided by the government of Indonesia to students through schools, started in July 2005. This paper examines the impact of BOS on educational investment by households and other expenditure such as food and non-food consumption. Using the observations of 1,161 households with at least one member studying in public school from the fourth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS 4), we discover that BOS is effective in relaxing household's budget constraint, thus increasing educational investment by households. We also discover that households with …

The Contribution Of Islamic Banks Towards The Achievement Of Sustainable Development Goals: The Case Of Indonesia, Nunung Ghoniyah

Economics and Finance in Indonesia

This study aims to strengthen the opinion that the main goal of Islamic banks is not to obtain profit, but rather to improve the standards of living. In this study, the evidence is obtained by processing secondary data on Islamic banks in Indonesia during the period of 2011 to 2017 by using panel data regression model. The results of the data analysis support the hypothesis that banks whose goals are aimed at falah will demand lower payment obligations from customers, allowing the customers to manage funds in the real sector. The implication is also strengthened by good financial quality control, …