Digital Commons Network^™

Information Cascades In The Classroom: The Relationship Between In-Class Feedback And Course Performance, Amanda C. Cook, James Bland, Andrew Meisner

The Journal of Economics and Politics

Technology is used in undergraduate courses to engage students and provide feedback about understanding. TopHat is an application which displays multiple choice questions mid-class. In this field experiment, we determine if displaying or hiding the distribution of peer responses has an impact on exam scores. When students see peer responses, we observe information cascades on both correct and incorrect answers. Getting an individual TopHat question correct predicts a 1.3 percentage point increase on final exam scores, however we find no difference in predictive power between treatments. Participating in one negative cascade predicts that a student will score approximately five percentage …

Prospects For Valuation In Marine Decision Making In Europe, Rob Tinch, Stephen Hynes, Claire Armstrong, Wenting Chen

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

There is now high-level recognition that the UN Sustainable Development Goals can only be achieved if the decline of ecosystems and biodiversity can be halted and reversed. This will require effective control of ongoing pressures, meaningful protection and enforcement of protected areas, and significant investments in ecosystem restoration. This paper explores the possible use of economic valuation and appraisal in achieving these goals in marine systems and discusses the European marine policy instruments where they should have an important role The paper first briefly reviews the tools of economic valuation and appraisal for marine ecosystem management. A critique of the …

Impact Assessment Modelling For The Ocean Economy: A Review Of Developments, Cathal O'Donoghue, Cathal Geoghegan, Stephen Hynes, Niall Farrell, Jenny O'Leary, Andreas Tsakiridis

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

With increasing attention being paid to the role of marine related activity in promoting sustainable economic growth as well as development in coastal areas, it is important to be able to model the impact of policy decisions in this area in an ex-ante fashion. This paper provides an overview of an Economic, Social, Spatial and Environmental (ESSE) framework developed for impact assessment of ocean related industries. The modelling approach is applied to the ocean economy of Ireland and combines proven methodologies, namely input-output modelling and microsimulation, in order to assess multi-dimensional impacts. The capabilities of the ESSE modelling framework are …

Key Considerations For The Development Of Internationally Comparable Statistics On Ocean Economic Activity, James Jolliffe, Claire Jolly, Barrie Stevens

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

Alongside several member countries, the OECD is embarking upon the development of a satellite account for ocean economic activity that presents international statistics in a harmonised manner. This work complements other initiatives at national and international levels and will support future comprehensive ocean accounts that include marine environment-economy linkages and ecosystem services. The production of internationally comparable statistics is a complex and time consuming endeavour that requires international cooperation. For ocean economic activities, such difficulties are compounded by the need to break down existing statistical information using secondary source material. A key preparation for internationally comparable statistics on ocean economic …

Spatial Microsimulation For Regional Analysis Of Marine Related Employment, Stephen Hynes, Cathal O'Donoghue, Ryan Burger, Jenny O'Leary

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

This paper presents a modelling framework that facilitates marine policy impact assessment at a scale that is below the national level. The spatial microsimulation approach provides a regional level of analysis not generally possible when dealing with ocean economy statistics that are often even difficult to compile at a national level and offers a powerful modelling tool for maritime spatial planning. The spatial microsimulation model is used to profile the spatial distribution of marine related employment in Ireland. It is then used to carry out a micro-level regional assessment of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions on the distribution …

The Value Of Everything: Making And Taking In The Global Economy, David Mcclough

The Journal of Economics and Politics

No abstract provided.

In The Middle Of Appalachia: Balancing Teacher Talk With Student Discourse, Ronald V. Morris, Denise Shockley, Sonya Davis

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Appalachian students co-constructed knowledge with their teacher while examining a non-fiction book about Thanksgiving. Fifth grade students used an informational trade book to promote student discourse while using text-based evidence. Students learned about Native Americans and Pilgrims as they engaged in student discourse balanced with teacher talk. Students used an inquiry arc that involved questioning texts and examining sources, and inquiry helped students to investigate narrative text as a source of data. Students used inquiry to enhance their metacognition about historical events. Students exercised agency as they recounted family history and their heritage as part of their memory. Remembering was …

Environmental Accounting And Financial Performance Of Listed Family-Owned Companies In Nigeria, Charles Segun Ilelaboye, Muyiwa E. Alade

International Review of Business and Economics

This study examines the effect of environmental accounting on the performance of family-owned companies in Nigeria using restoration cost, community development costs and health & security costs as surrogates. The study used ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consisted of all 12 family-owned companies across industrial and oil & gas sectors that were quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). Purposive sampling technique was used to select six (6) family-owned companies that disclosed environmental information. Data were gleaned from the annual reports of the sampled companies covering 2012-2020. The study used descriptive statistics, correlation and Ordinary Least …

The Treasury Single Account System And Financial Stability In Nigeria, Olusola Esther Igbekoyi

International Review of Business and Economics

This study investigates the effect of the treasury single account system on financial stability in Nigeria. Specifically, we hoped to find out if speculation of government regarding government debt and stock market performances are met. The study utilized data published in the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin for a period of 2011-2020. The time series data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the TSA system had a negative impact on government debt performance, with significant negative impact on advances from commercial banks and external debt finance charges. However, it had an insignificant negative …

Gender Inequalities In The Allocation Of Time To Household Production In Nepal, Nischal Dhungel

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

The thesis examines factors that may explain gender (working age group, married men and women, 15-60 years) inequalities in the allocation of time to household production in Nepal. Gender disparities in the allocation of unpaid care and domestic labor (home production) are a major and prevalent element of inequalities between men and women. I presume that each spouse's time spent is influenced by personal and household factors. Furthermore, I argue that state can play substantial role in pursuing province level employment program (Karnali Province) in line with federal level employment program, namely Job Guarantee to uplift women's economic empowerment by …

The Effect Of The Smccf Announcement And Purchase On Eligible Transportation Sector Bonds, Bethuel-Ange Yebouet

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

Covid highlighted the financial vulnerability of both small and large businesses in the U.S economy. In response, the Federal Reserve announced the creation of the secondary market corporate credit facilities (SMCCF) on March 23, 2020, with the aim of providing liquidity to US firms through bond financing. The goal was to build a portfolio of bonds that attempted to achieve a wide, diversified market index of US corporate bonds. When looking at the composition of the SMCCF broad market index and percentage (%) of par value from the federal reserve bank of New York, firms from the transportation sector received …

Earthquakes And Home Prices: The Napa And Ridgecrest Quakes, Gary Smith, James H. Jung

Pomona Economics

A comparison of residential home sales six months before and after the 2014 South Napa and 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequences shows that prices dropped substantially, and that the effects on individual home prices were directly related to the intensity with which the earthquakes were felt at the location of each home.

Passive-Aggressive Intervention: The Impact Of Mandated Paid Parental Leave On Childcare Labor, Justin Fiume

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

Gender inequality is one of the few fundamentally persistent inequalities within society, especially in the United States. This thesis will use a Marxist-feminist approach to explore the impact of the United States’ capitalist market economy on gender-specific public and private life structures. Specifically, how inequality is exacerbated as women transition to motherhood. This paper hypothesizes that a mandated paid parental leave would alleviate some of this ‘second burden’ by encompassing fathers in its eligibility. We formulate a difference-in- difference model to estimate the causal effects of two current states who mandate paid parental leave and evaluate the average treatment effect …

Some Causes, Common Fears, And The Economic Impact Of Immigration From Latin America On The U.S., Joshua Fohner

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

Recently there has been a sharp increase in the promotion of anti-immigration rhetoric and sentiments driven by former President Trump and conservative lawmakers in Washington. These attitudes have led some members of the public to adopt various beliefs of immigrants that are negative or poorly understood. The focus of this paper will be primarily on people from Mexico and other Latin American nations, as people from this part of the world have been

primarily the target of these beliefs. This paper will first analyze some of the social and political reasons why people choose to emigrate from their home countries. …

Introduction To Macroeconomics, Kenny Christianson

Economics Faculty Scholarship

The textbook begins by looking at basic economic concepts and models, such as scarcity, choice, model-building, opportunity cost, production possibilities curves, comparative advantage, and supply and demand analysis. After a chapter exploring the relationships between markets and government, the text then delves into a rigorous analysis of the theory and practice of macroeconomics. Topics include the measurement of macroeconomic variables, macroeconomic models, and fiscal and monetary policy. The text emphasizes the connections between theory and policy in exploring the field of macroeconomics.

Did2s: Two-Stage Difference-In-Differences, Kyle Butts, John Gardner

Faculty and Student Publications

Recent work has highlighted the difficulties of estimating difference-in-differences models when the treatment is adopted at different times for different units. This article introduces the R package did2s which implements the estimator introduced in Gardner (2022). The article provides an approachable review of the underlying econometric theory and introduces the syntax for the function did2s. Further, the package introduces functions, event_study and plot_event_study, which uses a common syntax to implement all of the modern event-study estimators

The Criticality Of Financial Development And Energy Consumption For Environmental Sustainability In Oecd Countries: Evidence From Dynamic Panel Analysis, Olatunji Abdul Shobande, Lawrence Ogbeifun

Faculty and Student Publications

This study explored whether financial development and energy consumption affect environmental sustainability in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The empirical evidence used in this study was based on the standard fixed effects and the Arellano-Bover/Bundell Bond dynamic panel approach. Our empirical results demonstrated the importance of a financial development index and energy efficiency for reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainability in the OECD. The mechanism through which financial development affects carbon emissions has been identified as energy consumption and foreign direct investment. Our study recommends that financial development be prioritised alongside investments in energy efficiency to promote …

Socioeconomic Factors And Mass Shootings, 1982-2016, Taylor Petkovich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper is an examination and investigation of the relationship between socioeconomic factors and mass shootings. The objective of this paper was to see if economic policy making could be an effective tool for reducing the level of mass gun violence that America has been experiencing. This paper highlights the known relationship between violent crime and economics and tries to bridge that connection to mass shootings specifically through literature review and econometric testing. The ultimate takeaway from this paper’s results and analysis is the need for a universal definition and governing body for data on mass shootings in order to …

Assessing Deportations: The Factors That Influence U.S. Deportations And Their Public Perceptions, Madelynn Einhorn

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Deportations are an understudied component of U.S. deportation policy. While a range of literature focuses on the factors that influence immigration inflows and public perceptions of immigrants, relatively few have studied deportations. I studied deportations by conducting time-series analysis of yearly deportations and by analyzing three original public opinion surveys on perceptions of deportations. In my time-series chapter, I used regression analysis to find that the party composition of the U.S. House and Senate, the unemployment rate, and the incarceration rate influence deportations. In my public opinion chapter, I find that a plurality of American’s support deportations, particularly when they …

Annual Report 2021 – 22: China Study Centre Iba Karachi, China Study Centre, Institute Of Business Administration

China Study Centre - Research and Reports

Pakistan has a longstanding relationship with the People’s Republic of China, as Pakistan was the first country to recognize it. Over time, the strategic and economic relationship between both the countries have been strengthening through various joint projects, with China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being an exemplary project. CPEC is China’s 15-years old, $62 billion investment in Pakistan. Moreover, the flagship project of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) took a five-decade-long strategic alliance between the two countries to the economic sphere in 2015. CPEC is best seen as an economic peg in terms of broader strategic relationships between both countries. …

No. 84: Small-Town Xenophobia And Migrant Anxieties In South Africa’S Limpopo Province, Godfrey Tawodzera, Jonathan Crush

Southern African Migration Programme

South Africa’s major cities are regularly wracked by large-scale xenophobic violence directed at migrants and refugees from other countries. Informal-sector businesses and their migrant owners and employees are particularly vulnerable targets during these attacks. Migrant-owned businesses are also frequently targeted in smallerscale looting and destruction of property. There is now a large literature on the characteristics and causes of xenophobic violence and attitudes in South Africa, based on quantitative and qualitative research in the country’s major metropolitan areas. One of the consequences of big-city xenophobia has been a search for alternative markets and safer spaces by migrants, including relocating to …

Miss Lebanon: The Digital Age’S Way Of Maintaining The Gender Gap, Ali Badereddine

Journal of Feminist Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Descriptive Model Of Economic Development, Thomas O. Armstrong

Pennsylvania Economic Review

A descriptive model of economic development is a long-run framework for enhancing production factors through a supportable economic development infrastructure contributing and exploiting physical and human technological innovations. When supportable, the developmental impact results in a per capita increase with demand for goods and services changes as income increases. The structure of the labor shifts to a greater skilled and technological demanded workforce therefore contributing greater innovation in a reinforced economic development model. Costs and regulations, quality of life, innovation or competitiveness, and constitutional/institutional framework underlie an economic development infrastructure focusing upon Pennsylvania for any gaps to supportability.

Determinants Of Bond Market Development In Emerging And Developing Economies, Mohanad Alsadoun

CGU Theses & Dissertations

A study of local currency bond market development determinants in Emerging Market Economies (EMEs) is considered important when most EMEs and developing countries are shifting from issuing long-term debt securities in foreign currency denominations to their respective local currencies. This dissertation discusses key factors that influence the development of the local currency bond market (LCBM) in emerging developing economies. This study uses three different models to examine the importance of various factors. A total of 26 countries have been examined, and their data revealed several interesting results. The results show that larger economic size, larger banking systems, greater trade openness, …

Physiological Synchrony Predicts Cooperative Behavior With High Stakes, Lena Arai

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Can subconscious bodily responses explain our natural tendency to be trusting and trustworthy towards a stranger? I address this question by conducting, to my knowledge, the first study of physiological synchrony (PS) between pairs of partners playing the trust game face-to-face. Participants were given the choice to send $0, $40, $80, or $120 to their partner; these choices were categorized as showing no, low, medium, and high trust, respectively. Participants were endowed with a more considerable sum of money ($120) than many other trust games (Johnson & Mislin, 2011) to encourage participants to perceive their decisions to have significant consequences, …

Essays On Crime And Law, Morgan Elaine Stockham

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Civil law and public policy often are related to crime in complex and interesting ways. The following dissertation explores the intersections of divorce law and public policy with criminal outcomes. Within my first chapter, we attempt to identify the causal effect of wages on a prosecutor’s effort by studying an exogenous salary increase in New York. We measure the performance by the likelihood that a conviction is upheld when appealed. If the efficiency wage theory explains behavior, then the exogenous wage shock should entice better performance. Alternatively, if individuals who hold office are motivated primarily by an intrinsic motivations rather …

Three Essays In Law And Economics: Consequences And Formation Of Legal Rules In Other Markets, Minjae Yun

CGU Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis, I study the consequences and formation of legal rules in the “non-traditional” markets to show that non-traditional markets are fundamental to a society’s functioning. The first chapter shows how legal participants strategically behave based on judicial disqualification. The second chapter examines the unintended consequence of a decarceration policy in the criminal-justice system by linking the ex-criminal re-entry issue and homelessness. Lastly, the third chapter concentrates on how the tenure of elected law enforcement agents contributes to the jail-crowding environment, leveraging term limits imposed on local county elected officials.

The first chapter examines the use and impact of …

An Exponential Formula For Random Variables Generated By Multiple Brownian Motions, Maximilian Lawrence Baroi

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The frozen operator has been used to develop Dyson-series like representations for random variables generated by classical Brownian motion, Lévy processes and fractional Brownian with Hurst index greater than 1/2.The relationship between the conditional expectation of a random variable (or fractional conditional expectation in the case of fractional Brownian motion)and that variable's Dyson-series like representation is the exponential formula. These results had not yet been extended to either fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index less than 1/2, or d-dimensional Brownian motion. The former is still out of reach, but we hope our review of stochastic integration for fractional Brownian motion …

Learning Before Testing: A Selective Nonparametric Test For Conditional Moment Restrictions, Jia Li, Zhipeng Liao, Wenyu Zhou

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper develops a new test for conditional moment restrictions via nonparametric series regression, with approximating series terms selected by Lasso. Machine-learning the main features of the unknown conditional expectation function beforehand enables the test to seek power in a targeted fashion. The data-driven selection, however, also tends to distort the test’s size nontrivially, because it restricts the (growing-dimensional) score vector in the series regression on a random polytope, and hence, effectively alters the score’s asymptotic normality. A novel critical value is proposed to account for this truncation effect. We establish the size and local power properties of the proposed …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Stock Market And Exchange Rate Uncertainty In Pakistan, Ateeb Akhter Shah Syed, Kaneez Fatima, Mannan Zaheer

Business Review

This paper examines the impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) on exchange rate (EXU) and stock market uncertainty (SMU) in Pakistan while controlling for the effects of interest rate and policy interventions by the Government and the Central bank to combat the pandemic. We employ the vector autoregressive (VAR) model over a sample period ranging from February 25, 2020 to May 6, 2021. We find that a shock to total daily coronavirus cases in Pakistan has a positive and significant impact on both the EXU and SMU. However, this impact is short-lived which may be attributed to a timely policy response and …