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Population Ecology Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, Norman A. Slade

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The behavior and ecology of Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) at the Utah State University Forestry Field Station northeast of Logan, Utah were studied from 1964-1971 to determine the role of behavior in population regulation. From 1965 to 1968, data were collected to establish population norms. In 1968, the population density was reduced experimentally to help elucidate regulatory processes. This paper compares the dynamics of the population before and after the population reduction.

Before the density reduction, juvenile survival was lower than that of yearlings and adults. The disappearance of juveniles was associated with their tendency to disperse …

Early Life History Of The Mountain Whitefish Prosopium Williamsoni (Girard) In The Logan River, Utah, Lawrence Guy Brown

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Growth and food habits of 399 Age 0 mountain whitefish from the Logan River, Utah, were studied between March, 1970, and April, 1971. At the end of their first six months of life, whitefish were 86-96 mm total length and weighed 6-8 grams (wet). Total temperature experience was 2,950-3,430 degree-days above 32° F. The length-weight relationship for Age 0 mountain whitefish was best described by three stanzas with slopes of 4.3333 for fish 12.5-17.0 mm total length, 3.4437 for fish 17.0-55.0 mm total length, and 2.8043 for fish 50.0-112.0 mm total length. Scalation commenced at 30-35 mm total length and …

Reproduction And Hematology Of The Cache Elk Herd, Thomas B. Follis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The initial three years of a 10-year reproductive study of elk involved three major phases. A fourth was added because of convenience. Objective 1 was to ascertain pregnancy rates in yearling and mature elk by rectal palpation, associate these rates with subsequent fall cow/calf ratios, and to test concurrently an ultrasonic fetal heart detector. Rectally observed anatomical changes in gravid uteri of cattle were directly applicable to elk. Ultrasonic detections of pregnancies in elk and deer were unsuccessful.

Pregnancy rates in the 1969-70 winter of 100 and 0 percent, respectively, for 19 adult and five yearling elk were associated with …

Some Aspects Of Conditioning Behavior In Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Reed E. Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of exercise, social facilitation, and delayed conditioning after vi exercise on the learning behavior of 5 to 6-inch rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, was measured in a conditioned avoidance response apparatus. The conditioning schedule contained an intertrial interval between alternate presentations of conditioned (light) and unconditioned (shock) stimuli. This randomization eliminated learning losses found in a previous study. Mean percentage avoidance, the measurement of learning, did not decrease significantly during conditioning trials. Exercised fish learned avoidance better than did non-exercised fish. Mean percentage avoidance for fish exercised at 0.5 ft/sec was 66.3; at 1.0 ft/ sec, 1.5 ft/sec, and …

Population Biology Of The Black-Tailed Jackrabbit (Lepus Californicus) In Northern Utah, L. Charles Stoddart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Population biology of the black-tailed jackrabbit population on a 250-square-mile area in Curlew Valley, northern Utah, was studied from 1962-70. During this period the fall population density index increased from 40.0 in 1962, to 60.6 in 1963, decreased progressively to a low of 21.2 in 1967, then increased the following 3 years to a high of 185.0 in 1970.

Breeding was synchronous with four conception periods each year; in some years a fifth conception period was evident. The first conception period occurred about the last half of January; other periods followed at 40-day intervals indicating a 40-day gestation period and …

The Phyllostomatid Bat, Vampyressa Brocki, In Colombia, Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways, Alberto Cadena

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Between June 28 and July 1, 1969, while conducting studies on the karyotypes of phyllostomatid bats, the authors collected three specimens of Vampyressa brocki in mature tropical rainforest at Leticia, Amazonas. Colombia. Measurements and representative karyotypes are presented.

Plant Succession In The Great Dismal Swamp Of Virginia, Susan Woodward Walker

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Vegetational composition and environmental parameters were analyzed. for 14 stands. Cluster diagrams based on index of similarity values illustrated interstand relationships. The Index of Fluctuation was developed for the analysis of intrastand dynamics. Based on the densities and numbers of species of trees and saplings within a stand, it indicated degree of compositional stability. It was concluded that present vegetation is divided into relatively distinct communities which have resulted, at least in part, from disturbance.

Diurnal Studies At A Station On An Urban Estuary In Norfolk, Virginia, Burton Marc Golue

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

Variation And Ecology In A Local Population Of The Vesper Mouse (Nyctomys Sumichrasti), Hugh H. Genoways, J. Knox Jones Jr.

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Vesper mice of the genus Nyctomys are relatively rare, arboreal rodents restricted to Middle America (eastern Panama to southern Mexico). Little is known concerning the biology of these secretive animals. Studies of variation of the one species, Nyctomys sumichrasti, have been limited to descriptions of new taxa (for example, see Goldman, 1916, 1937, and Laurie, 1953) and ecological observations have been confined to faunal accounts of political units (Goodwin, 1934; Hall and Dalquest, 1963) or were made coincidental to studies of other species (Lawlor, 1969; Fleming, 1970). Birkenholz and Wirtz (1965) recorded observations on the behavior, reproduction, and early …

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 4, No.1. March, 1972

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Advertising by Power Suppliers ▪ William A. Buresh

FIRST FLOWERS OF TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES IN THE FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA AREA ▪ O. A. Stevens

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA—1971 ▪ Robert N. Randall

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN NORTH DAKOTA—EXPECTATIONS AND REALITIES ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

SEASONAL NOTES ON PLANKTON ALGAE OF EAST STUMP LAKE, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Dean W. Blinn

A SKUNK WITH A GLASS COLLAR ▪ Peter W. Rakowski

SPRING MIGRATION OF BIRDS IN NORTH DAKOTA IN 1971 ▪ Paul F. Springer, Douglas H. Johnson and John T. Lokemoen

NOTE

Red throated loon observed on Lake Ashtabula, …

Comparative Ecological, Morphological, And Behavioral Studies Of The Southern Blacknose Dace, Rhinichthys Atratulus Obtustjs Agassiz, And The Eastern Blacknose Dace, Bhinichtbis Atbatulus Atra'fulus (Hermann), In High And Low Altitude Streams In West Virginia And Virginia, Michael L. Little

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Comparative ecological, aorphological, and behavioral studies of the southern blaeknose dace, Rhiniohthys atratulus obtusus Agassiz, and the eastern blaokaose dace, B.hiniohtpys atratulus atratulus (Heraann), were made in high and low altitude streaas in West Virginia and Virginia. Statistical comparisons of the morphology of a. a.atratulus and R-.a.-obtusus showed no reliable body character that differentiated the two subspecies. Statistical tests indicated an intergrading population in Gandy Creek, a tributary of the Cheat River, in West Virginia. This was further substantiated by collecting males of the atratulus phenotype along with males of the native obtusus phenotype in adjacent sections of Gandy Creek. …

Anatomical And Behavioral Aspects Of Killing And Feeding By The Least Weasel, Mustela Nivalis L., Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The least weasel (Mustela nivalis) is a remarkably well adapted predator of mice and other small animals. Each kill is rather stereotyped, in that the weasel grabs the prey by the nape of the neck and bites through the base of the skull and/or throat, using its lithe body to "wrap up" and hold the prey. The least weasel will kill mice successively until it is too exhausted physically to kill more. Mice are always eaten from the head posteriorly until completely consumed.

Forest Fuel Accumulation -- A Growing Problem, Marvin Dodge

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Discusses the problem caused by accumulation of forest fuels in the wild-land forests of the western USA under the policy of total fire protection pursued there for many years, and emphasizes the need to find economical and practical ways of reducing fuel hazards in these forests, especially by means of prescribed burning under conditions in which low-intensity fires can be achieved.

Grooming Behavior And Competitive Dominance In The Albino Rat, Irwin M. Spigel, Susan Trivett, David Fraser

Social Behavior Collection

An experiment sought to compare dominance manifested in water competition under two levels of deprivation, with grooming activity in a non-deprived state. While competitive dominance was significantly related to motivational level, grooming emerged as a more stable indicator of social ascendance, and did not require prior manipulation of a biological state. The implications of this observation for broader aspects of social motivation arc discussed.

Natural Succession In North-Central Minnesota, Henry L. Hansen, Vilis Kurmis

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

History Of Sedimentation In Montsweag Bay, Detmar Schnitker

Maine Collection

History of Sedimentation In Montsweag Bay

by Setmar Schnitker

Bulletin #25, Department of Forestry, Augusta, Maine, 1972.

Contents: Abstract / Introduction / Geographic Setting / Seismic Profiling / Pleistocene Sediments / Holocene Sediments / Actual Sedimentation /. Suspended Sediments / Recent Changes / Outlook / Acknowledgements / References

Annual Pasture And Weed Plant Ecology, B J. Quinlivan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The purpose of this article is to outline a few basic principles of pasture and weed ecology with particular reference to seed dormancy mechanisms.

These principles apply to many pasture plants and weeds, although their relative importance varies with the particular plants under study.

Effect On Bees Of Insecticides Used On Rape, A C. Kessell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Rapeseed could provide beekeepers in Western Australia with a valuable new honey crop—hut insecticidal spraying of rape at flowering time is a potentially serious threat to most commercial beekeepers.

There are indications that insect pollination may improve rapeseed yields, so both growers and beekeepers could gain from a co-operative approach to the problem. Spraying after sundown and preventing spray drift to nearby apiaries should avoid most losses.

An Allometric Model For Bole Biomass Estimates Of Spruce And Aspen In Southwestern Colorado, Thomas D. Landis

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Aspen Minnesota's No. 1 Tree, George Rossman, Bob Rossman, Allen Rossman

Aspen Bibliography

For thousands of years after the last glaciers disappeared from northern Minnesota, the forces of nature worked to develop a magnificent forest of predominantly white and red pine. Stands of big pines covered more than 5 million acres.

Deer And Aspen, American Box Board Co.

Aspen Bibliography

He's a big eater.

Limnology Of Four Bauxite Open-Pit Lakes, George L. Harp, Ronald D. Hubbard

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The aquatic flora and fauna and 18 physicochemical characteristics of four bauxite open-pit lakes were studied from September 1969 to August 1970. The least acid lake (pH 3.4-4.4) supported 49 different aquatic insects, plankton, and higher aquatic plants. The most acid lake (pH 2.7-3.2) supported only 26 different plants and animals. Bauxite open-pit lakes within the pH range studied appear to be as relatively unproductive as their coal strip-mine lake counterparts, with which they share physicochemical and biological characteristics. Benthic macrofaunal diversity and abundance appear to be related more closely to distribution and abundance of leaf detritus than to hydrogen-ion …

Chrysomelidae Of Arkansas, E. Phil Rouse, L. N. Medvedev

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A list of Chrysomelidae of Arkansas is brought up to date by inclusion of species in the reference collection in the University of Arkansas, the collection in the Zoological Institute of Leningrad, and the private collection of L. Medvedev, as well as those reported in the literature. The list consists of 232 species, subspecies, and varieties and the ecological data where known. One new species and one new variety are included.

Degradation Of Riparian Leaves And The Recycling Of Nutrients In A Stream Ecosystem, Louis A. Krumholz, Roger G. Lambert, Charles R. Liston, Harry H. Woodward

KWRRI Research Reports

Leaves collected at 4 stations in the upper 5 km of Doe Run, Meade County, Kentucky, indicated an annual accumulation within the stream of 354 g/m²/year (17,700 kg). Leaves of sycamore (23.6%), red oak (21.7%), sugar maple (9.7%), beech (9.6%), white oak (7.1%), and hickory (6.0%) trees were most abundant, and leaves from 14 other kinds made up the remaining 22.3%. About a third of the annual leaf fall occurred during the last half of October and about two-thirds in the last 3 months of the year.

Calorific equivalents for different kinds of leaves ranged from 3,789 cal/g …

Operant Conditioning In The Garter Snake (Thamnophis), William A. Schmitz

Masters Theses

Ten garter snakes were tested for runway acquisition, correct turn response in a simple T-maze, or both, for food reinforcement. Seven of seven subjects met criterion for learning to run a 23 inch long alleyway. Mean latency times showed a general decrease over a 23 day period. Five of nine subjects met criterion for learning a correct turn response in a simple T-maze. Subjects mastering the task required from 14-157 trials. One of two subjects met criterion for learning the reverse response of the T-maze exercise, requiring 35 trials. Results are similar to those previously reported for reptiles and other …

The Gene Frequencies Of Ten Different Alleles In Man As Determined By The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Elizabeth Suzanne Shaw

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Economic Operability - Factors Affecting Harvest And Transport Costs, Dennis P. Bradley, Frank E. Biltonen

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

A Multivariate Analysis Of Systematic Relationships Among Populations Of The Short-Tailed Shrew (Genus Blarina) In Nebraska, Hugh H. Genoways, Jerry R. Choate

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The genus Blarina (Mammalia: Soricidae) is represented in Nebraska by two well-differentiated, geographically exclusive phena that generally have been regarded as subspecies. Field studies conducted along their zone of contact resulted in the collection of representatives of both phena at each of five localities. Cluster analysis of distance matrix readily separated reference samples of the phena as well as test samples from near the zone of contact. A three-dimensional projection of the specimens onto their first three principal components, together with a discriminant function analysis, served further to elucidate the degree of differentiation among the phena and to confirm that …

Some Physiochemical Parameters And Phytoplankton Standing Crop In Four Northeast Arkansas Commercial Fish Ponds, Haldor Marvin Wilkes, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Physicochemical conditions and chlorophyll a standing crop were studied from July 1970 through June 1971 in four commercial catfish ponds at the Arkansas State University Experiment Farm near Walcott, Greene County, Arkansas. Determinations of dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, total alkalinity, temperature, pH, transparency, and chlorophyll a standing crop were made at two-week intervals except during fish harvesting operations. One diurnal measurement of dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, and temperature was conducted 25-26 June 1971. Increased oxygen concentrations coincided with increased chlorophyll α concentrations. Free carbon dioxide and chlorophyll α values varied inversely throughout the study. Diurnal concentrations of free …

Failure To Establish Feral Coturnix Quail Populations In Arkansas In The Late 1950'S, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Although Coturnix introductions failed in the late 1950's, it was learned in Arkansas that birds survived longest after autumn releases especially where fallow fields were numerous, that Coturnix favored grasslands whereas the bobwhite preferred shrublands, and that Coturnix occurred singly, pairing only in the breeding season.