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Articles 6901 - 6930 of 12847
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Recovery Of Forest Floor Diversity After Removal Of The Nonnative, Invasive Plant Euonymus Fortunei, Kali Z. Mattingly, Ryan W. Mcewan, Robert D. Paratley, Sarah R. Bray, James R. Lempke, Mary A. Arthur
Recovery Of Forest Floor Diversity After Removal Of The Nonnative, Invasive Plant Euonymus Fortunei, Kali Z. Mattingly, Ryan W. Mcewan, Robert D. Paratley, Sarah R. Bray, James R. Lempke, Mary A. Arthur
Biology Faculty Publications
The vine Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz. is invading forests of the eastern United States; as a result, removal of E. fortunei has become a priority of resource managers. This study examined the effectiveness of five techniques for eliminating E. fortunei, restoring plant species richness, and enhancing recolonization by woody species. In 2003, the following five treatments were applied: burn with a propane torch, light exclusion by plastic tarp, burn and glyphosate application, cut (simulated grazing) and glyphosate application, mow and glyphosate application, plus an untreated control. Each treatment was replicated four times in a randomized block design located in …
Wild Animal Suffering And Vegan Outreach, Eze Paez
Wild Animal Suffering And Vegan Outreach, Eze Paez
Animal Sentience
Ng’s strategic proposal seems to downplay the potential benefits of advocacy for wild animals and omit what may be the most effective strategy to reduce the harms farmed animals suffer: vegan outreach.
To Minimize Animal Suffering, Broaden The Definition Of Animal Cruelty, Eleonora Gullone
To Minimize Animal Suffering, Broaden The Definition Of Animal Cruelty, Eleonora Gullone
Animal Sentience
Mandatory veterinary reporting of suspected abuse might discourage caregivers from seeking treatment for their injured animals. Animal abusers are more likely to be brought to justice by raising community awareness about the link between animal cruelty and human violence and its implications for the wellbeing of both humans and animals. Commonly accepted definitions of animal cruelty focus only on cruelty that is socially unacceptable, excluding an enormous amount of unnecessary animal suffering caused by humans. Only by broadening the definition of animal cruelty can we bring about the cultural change necessary to minimize this animal suffering.
Declining Frequency Of Road-Killed Rabbits In Central Georgia, Anna M. Bosch, Katelyn J. Benson, Alfred J. Mead
Declining Frequency Of Road-Killed Rabbits In Central Georgia, Anna M. Bosch, Katelyn J. Benson, Alfred J. Mead
Georgia Journal of Science
Cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus, Sylvilagus aquaticus, Sylvilagus palustris) are a common component of the mammal fauna of the southeastern United States, yet their numbers have been in decline for at least the past 40 years. Urban sprawl, land use changes, forest maturation, and increased predation have contributed to the decline in Georgia. In the current study we explore the proposition that long-term changes in roadkill frequency track changes in wildlife populations as a whole. Using comparisons of historical data collected by Georgia Department of Natural Resources personnel and recent roadkill census data from Baldwin County, it appears that the overall …
Molecular Evolution And Functional Divergence Of Trace Amine–Associated Receptors, Seong-Il Eyun, Hideaki Moriyama, Federico G. Hoffmann, Etsuko N. Moriyama
Molecular Evolution And Functional Divergence Of Trace Amine–Associated Receptors, Seong-Il Eyun, Hideaki Moriyama, Federico G. Hoffmann, Etsuko N. Moriyama
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily and are known to be expressed in olfactory sensory neurons. A limited number of molecular evolutionary studies have been done for TAARs so far. To elucidate how lineage-specific evolution contributed to their functional divergence, we examined 30 metazoan genomes. In total, 493 TAAR gene candidates (including 84 pseudogenes) were identified from 26 vertebrate genomes. TAARs were not identified from non-vertebrate genomes. An ancestral-type TAAR-like gene appeared to have emerged in lamprey.We found four therian-specific TAAR subfamilies (one eutherian-specific and three metatherian- specific) in addition to previously known nine …
Three-Dimensional Interstitial Space Mediates Predator Foraging Success In Different Spatial Arrangements, Stephen Gregory Hesterberg
Three-Dimensional Interstitial Space Mediates Predator Foraging Success In Different Spatial Arrangements, Stephen Gregory Hesterberg
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Habitat structure modifies the strength of predator-prey interactions, but it remains unclear how to describe the three-dimensional spatial arrangement of structural components in a way that consistently predicts outcomes. Interstitial space may provide a useful target for measurement, but most studies use only two-dimensional methods to describe 3D space, limiting their predictive power. Using a novel technology to produce identical components, this study tests whether the 3D interstitial space of oyster shell mimics modifies the ability of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) to capture their mud crab prey (Eurypanopeous depressus) in mesocosms and a variety of reef-associated …
Session D-1: Science And Spaghetti Monsters: Addressing The Ethical Issues And Controversy Related To Genomics And Evolution In The Biology Classroom, Sarah O'Leary-Driscoll
Session D-1: Science And Spaghetti Monsters: Addressing The Ethical Issues And Controversy Related To Genomics And Evolution In The Biology Classroom, Sarah O'Leary-Driscoll
Professional Learning Day
As science teachers, we may shy away from addressing the controversy surrounding particular topics in our classrooms in order to maintain focus on content. However, the real world context of knowledge is essential, and the performance expectations in the life sciences as outlined in the NGSS state that students should be able to discuss the ethical issues related to genetic modifications and the nature of science. We will discuss ideas for how to address these topics effectively and help our students understand their importance beyond academics in our global community.
Session C-1: Ecosystem Disruption: Using Lab And Real-World Examples To Bring Changes In Earth’S Ecosystems To Life, Crystal Randall, Sarah O'Leary-Driscoll, Sowmya Anjur, Don Dosch
Session C-1: Ecosystem Disruption: Using Lab And Real-World Examples To Bring Changes In Earth’S Ecosystems To Life, Crystal Randall, Sarah O'Leary-Driscoll, Sowmya Anjur, Don Dosch
Professional Learning Day
The magnitude of the changes occurring in Earth’s ecosystems seems difficult to tackle in the classroom and lab. Here we explore ways to demonstrate the changes in the Earth’s water and carbon cycles in the lab and bring them to life in real-world ecosystems in the classroom.
New Data On The Distribution Of Butheoloides Littoralis Lourenço, Touloun Et Boumezzough, 2011 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Oulaid, Oulaid Touloun, Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan, Ali Boumezzough
New Data On The Distribution Of Butheoloides Littoralis Lourenço, Touloun Et Boumezzough, 2011 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Oulaid, Oulaid Touloun, Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan, Ali Boumezzough
Euscorpius
Morocco is the region in Africa with the highest diversity of Butheoloides Hirst, 1925 species. Until now, the total number of species of this genus known from Morocco is raised to five. A field study conducted in southern Morocco discovered a new specimen of Butheloides littoralis in the Tighmi region (southeast of Tiznit), the most continental site of this species in Morocco. This specimen is the third of this endemic species of Morocco but it is the first male discovered.
Animal Suffering And Human Bias, Stijn Bruers
Animal Suffering And Human Bias, Stijn Bruers
Animal Sentience
Ng proposes concrete ways to decrease animal suffering on the basis of commonsense economic logic and research in welfare biology. But to reduce animal suffering effectively in livestock farming, animal experimentation or the natural environment we have to become more aware of our pervasive and spontaneous but unreliable intuitive moral judgments. These can generate biases that prevent us from decreasing animal suffering effectively.
Temporal Trends In Genetic Data And Effective Population Size Support Efficacy Of Management Practices In Critically Endangered Dusky Gopher Frogs ( Lithobates Sevosus ), Kristin M. Hinkson, Stephen C. Richter
Temporal Trends In Genetic Data And Effective Population Size Support Efficacy Of Management Practices In Critically Endangered Dusky Gopher Frogs ( Lithobates Sevosus ), Kristin M. Hinkson, Stephen C. Richter
Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research
Monitoring temporal changes in population genetic diversity and effective population size can provide vital information on future viability. The dusky gopher frog, Lithobates sevosus, is a critically endangered species found only in coastal Mississippi, with low genetic variability as a consequence of isolation and population size reduction. Conservation management practices have been implemented, but their efficacy has not been addressed. We genotyped individuals collected 1997–2014 to determine temporal trends in population genetic variation, structure, and effective size. Observed and expected heterozygosity and allelic richness revealed temporally stable, but low, levels of genetic variation. Positive levels of inbreeding were found in …
Investigating Physiological Collaborations Between A Lower Termite And Its Symbionts, Brittany F. Peterson
Investigating Physiological Collaborations Between A Lower Termite And Its Symbionts, Brittany F. Peterson
Open Access Dissertations
This project was completed in an effort to better understand the contributions of symbiotic microbes to the biology of Reticulitermes flavipes, the eastern subterranean termite. Lower-termites, like R. flavipes, house symbionts from all three domains of life within their hindgut paunch. This intimate association is reflected in nearly every aspect of termite biology. Here, I investigate these physiological collaborations as they relate to digestion and immunity. My efforts focused on 1) quantifying the role of bacteria in wood digestion within the termite gut, 2) evaluating the role of symbionts in protection against pathogens, and 3) identifying gene products that bacterial …
A Systems Approach To Animal Communication, Eileen A. Hebets, Andrew B. Barron, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Mark E. Hauber, Paul H. Mason, Kim L. Hoke
A Systems Approach To Animal Communication, Eileen A. Hebets, Andrew B. Barron, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Mark E. Hauber, Paul H. Mason, Kim L. Hoke
Eileen Hebets Publications
Why animal communication displays are so complex and how they have evolved are active foci of research with a long and rich history. Progress towards an evolutionary analysis of signal complexity, however, has been constrained by a lack of hypotheses to explain similarities and/or differences in signalling systems across taxa. To address this, we advocate incorporating a systems approach into studies of animal communication—an approach that includes comprehensive experimental designs and data collection in combination with the implementation of systems concepts and tools. A systems approach evaluates overall display architecture, including how components interact to alter function, and how function …
Genetic Structure Of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) In Tenerife, The Imprint Of Geological History And Hybridization On Within-Island Diversification, Pamela Puppo, Manuel Curto, Harald Meimberg
Genetic Structure Of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) In Tenerife, The Imprint Of Geological History And Hybridization On Within-Island Diversification, Pamela Puppo, Manuel Curto, Harald Meimberg
Biological Sciences Faculty Research
Geological history of oceanic islands can have a profound effect on the evolutionary history of insular flora, especially in complex islands such as Tenerife in the Canary Islands. Tenerife results from the secondary connection of three paleo-islands by a central volcano, and other geological events that further shaped it. This geological history has been shown to influence the phylogenetic history of several taxa, including genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae). Screening 15 microsatellite markers in 289 individuals representing the eight species of Micromeria present in Tenerife, this study aims to assess the genetic diversity and structure of these species and its relation with …
Marine Disease Impacts, Diagnosis, Forecasting, Management And Policy, Kevin D. Lafferty, Eileen E. Hofmann
Marine Disease Impacts, Diagnosis, Forecasting, Management And Policy, Kevin D. Lafferty, Eileen E. Hofmann
CCPO Publications
(First paragraph) As Australians were spending millions of dollars in 2014 to remove the coraleating crown of thorns sea star from the Great Barrier Reef, sea stars started washing up dead for free along North America’s Pacific Coast. Because North American sea stars are important and iconic predators in marine communities, locals and marine scientists alike were alarmed by what proved to be the world’s most widespread marine mass mortality in geographical extent and species affected, especially given its mysterious cause. Investigative research using modern diagnostic techniques implicated a never-before-seen virus [1]. The virus inspired international attention to marine diseases, …
The Sea Among Us: The Amazing Strait Of Georgia By Richard Beamish And Gordon Mcfarlane, Dee Horne Dr.
The Sea Among Us: The Amazing Strait Of Georgia By Richard Beamish And Gordon Mcfarlane, Dee Horne Dr.
The Goose
Review of The Sea Among Us: The Amazing Strait of Georgia by Richard Beamish and Gordon McFarlane.
An Animal Victim's Best Chance: Veterinary Legal Duty To Report Cruelty In The U.S., Lora Dunn
An Animal Victim's Best Chance: Veterinary Legal Duty To Report Cruelty In The U.S., Lora Dunn
Animal Sentience
Legislation throughout the U.S. recognizes animal sentience and the importance of veterinary reporting to combat the ongoing suffering of these animal victims: All 50 states have felony penalties available for animal cruelty crimes, and veterinary reporting is permitted or required in the majority of states. The remaining minority of U.S. states should take action to require veterinarians to report animal cruelty and render veterinarians immune for good faith reporting.
Veterinary Medical Associations Need To Educate Veterinarians For Mandatory Reporting Of Suspected Animal Abuse, Melinda V. Merck
Veterinary Medical Associations Need To Educate Veterinarians For Mandatory Reporting Of Suspected Animal Abuse, Melinda V. Merck
Animal Sentience
When animals are suffering, we have a duty to take action. With appropriate incentive and educational support mandatory veterinary reporting can be a great legal avenue to help ensure their safety and welfare.
Fish Pain's Burden Of Proof, Carl Safina
Fish Pain's Burden Of Proof, Carl Safina
Animal Sentience
A hypothesis like Key’s, that fish cannot feel pain, should really be stated as a null hypothesis — an assumption that there is no difference in the things being compared. Then evidence — including anecdotal evidence — for and against rejecting the null hypothesis can be examined and weighed. Key (2016a) has proven only that fish lack mammalian brains.
Fire Was In The Reptile’S Mouth: Towards A Transcultural Ecological Poetics, Stuart Cooke
Fire Was In The Reptile’S Mouth: Towards A Transcultural Ecological Poetics, Stuart Cooke
Landscapes: the Journal of the International Centre for Landscape and Language
This paper compares two creation narratives from indigenous peoples on either side of the Pacific Ocean, the relationships between which catalyse the theorisation of a transcultural approach to ecological poetics. The comparison of these narratives reveals important, rhizomatic similarities, and also unmistakable regional differences, concerning the origins of language and culture in Yanomami (Venezuela) and MakMak (Australia) communities. Concomitant with the centrality of indigenous thought in this theorisation of ecopoetics is the decentrality of human-only conceptions of poetics. Accordingly, the paper considers non-semantic forms of poetics such as birdsong in order to de-centre classically Western, humanist conceptions of language …
Burden Of Proof Lies With Proposer Of Celestial Teapot Hypothesis, Brian Key
Burden Of Proof Lies With Proposer Of Celestial Teapot Hypothesis, Brian Key
Animal Sentience
Bertrand Russell famously imagined the existence of a celestial teapot to highlight that the burden of proof of a hypothesis lay with its proposer and it was not the responsibility of others to refute it. Those who propose that fish feel pain must bear the burden of proof for their hypothesis. There are several common arguments adopted by those defending the position that fish feel pain. For instance, proponents envisage that pain is so important for human survival that they can’t imagine fish could exist without it. Out of this argument from incredulity emerges the idea that pain must have …
Swans: Their Biology And Natural History, Paul A. Johnsgard
Swans: Their Biology And Natural History, Paul A. Johnsgard
Zea E-Books Collection
The seven species of swans of the world are an easily and universally recognized group of waterfowl, which have historically played important roles in the folklore, myths and legends in many of the world’s cultures. Among the largest of all flying birds, they have also almost universally been used as symbols of royalty, grace and beauty, and largely for these reasons swans have only rarely been considered acceptable as targets for sport hunting. Swans occur on all the continents except Africa, although most species are associated with the temperate and arctic zones of North America and Eurasia. Among birds, swans …
Animal Suffering In China, Peter J. Li
Animal Suffering In China, Peter J. Li
Animal Sentience
Chinese policy has been aimed at maximizing GDP; it is time to focus also on minimizing animal suffering.
Science And Sensibility, Bernard E. Rollin
Science And Sensibility, Bernard E. Rollin
Animal Sentience
The sentience and suffering of animals is obvious to common sense, even if science and industry claim to be agnostic. Economic incentives to reduce the suffering of animals are welcome, but it is not clear whether animals can turn to science for help.
Weathering The End Times, Donald W. Holdridge Sr.
Weathering The End Times, Donald W. Holdridge Sr.
Eruditio Ardescens
“Weathering the End Times” first addresses some of the major arguments for and against man-caused Climate Change, and then portrays where the various elements of Christendom fall within this debate. It goes on to examine the prophetic Scriptures that relate to the environments of the Tribulation, Millennial Kingdom and Eternal State, concluding that God-caused Climate Change is what believers truly need to focus on.
When The Client Is Not The Abuser, But One Of The Abused, Tania Signal
When The Client Is Not The Abuser, But One Of The Abused, Tania Signal
Animal Sentience
The question of client confidentiality and reporting animal abuse is complicated when the client is not the abuser, and when the abuse (of both people and animals) may escalate precisely because it has been (or may be) reported.
Two New Scorpions Of The Genus Chaneke Francke, Teruel Et Santibáñez-López, 2014 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) From Southern Mexico, František Kovařík, Rolando Teruel, Graeme Lowe
Two New Scorpions Of The Genus Chaneke Francke, Teruel Et Santibáñez-López, 2014 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) From Southern Mexico, František Kovařík, Rolando Teruel, Graeme Lowe
Euscorpius
Herein we describe two new species of the recently discovered buthid scorpion genus Chaneke Francke, Teruel et Santibáñez-López, 2014. Both are from Oaxaca State in southern Mexico: Chaneke hofereki sp. n. based upon adults of both sexes from a single coastal locality, and Chaneke baldazoi sp. n. based upon adult females and juveniles from a mountain site in the Sierra Madre. Additional information is given on their taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and reproductive biology, fully complemented with color photos of live and preserved specimens, and their habitat.
Eggshell Pigment Composition Covaries With Phylogeny, Kaat Brulez, Ivan Miksik, Christopher R. Cooney, Mark E. Hauber, Paul George Lovell, Golo Maurer, Steven J. Portugal, Douglas Russell, Silas James Reynolds, Phillip Cassey
Eggshell Pigment Composition Covaries With Phylogeny, Kaat Brulez, Ivan Miksik, Christopher R. Cooney, Mark E. Hauber, Paul George Lovell, Golo Maurer, Steven J. Portugal, Douglas Russell, Silas James Reynolds, Phillip Cassey
Publications and Research
No single hypothesis is likely to explain the diversity in eggshell coloration and patterning across birds, suggesting that eggshell appearance is most likely to have evolved to fulfill many nonexclusive functions. By controlling for nonindependent phylogenetic associations between related species, we describe this diversity using museum eggshells of 71 British breeding passerine species to examine how eggshell pigment composition and concentrations vary with phylogeny and with life-history and nesting ecology traits. Across species, concentrations of biliverdin and protoporphyrin, the two main pigments found in eggshells, were strongly and positively correlated, and both pigments strongly covaried with phylogenetic relatedness. Controlling for …
Phylogeography Of Two Species Of The Genus Apochthonius Chamberlin, 1929, In The Pacific Northwest (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones), Brandi Lynn Welch
Phylogeography Of Two Species Of The Genus Apochthonius Chamberlin, 1929, In The Pacific Northwest (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones), Brandi Lynn Welch
Dissertations and Theses
I used mitochondrial COI sequence data from forty one individuals to investigate phylogenetic relationships among populations of two morphologically similar species of the pseudoscorpion genus Apochthonius, A. minimus and A. occidentalis, in western Washington, Oregon, and northern California. My goal was to assess whether genetic structure in the two species was congruent with geography. Many plant and animal species in the Pacific Northwestern United States have shown patterns of genetic differentiation that follow both north-south and east-west trends, indicating that geologic and climatic events in the past separated populations to the extent that they became genetically differentiated. A distinct geographic …
Preservation Of Three-Dimensional Anatomy In Phosphatized Fossil Arthropods Enriches Evolutionary Inference, Achim H. Schwermann, Tomy Dos Santos Rolo, Michael S. Caterino, Gunter Bechly, Heiko Schmied, Tilo Baumbach, Thomas Van De Kamp
Preservation Of Three-Dimensional Anatomy In Phosphatized Fossil Arthropods Enriches Evolutionary Inference, Achim H. Schwermann, Tomy Dos Santos Rolo, Michael S. Caterino, Gunter Bechly, Heiko Schmied, Tilo Baumbach, Thomas Van De Kamp
Publications
External and internal morphological characters of extant and fossil organisms are crucial to establishing their systematic position, ecological role and evolutionary trends. The lack of internal characters and soft-tissue preservation in many arthropod fossils, however, impedes comprehensive phylogenetic analyses and species descriptions according to taxonomic standards for Recent organisms. We found well-preserved three-dimensional anatomy in mineralized arthropods from Paleogene fissure fillings and demonstrate the value of these fossils by utilizing digitally reconstructed anatomical structure of a hister beetle. The new anatomical data facilitate a refinement of the species diagnosis and allowed us to reject a previous hypothesis of close phylogenetic …