Digital Commons Network^™

Bulletin 4279 - Streamlining - An Environmentally Sustainable Drainage Network For The Swan Coastal Plain (Peel-Harvey Catchment), Garry Heady, Neil Guise

Bulletins 4000 -

Community Catchment Centre Pinjarra

A network of over 1400 kilometres of drains and modified natural waterways constructed by the Public Works Department criss-crosses the Peel-Harvey catchment. There are also over 3300 kilometres of minor drains and natural waterways in this same region.

The expansion of agriculture relied on this extensive drainage network, which was designed to ensure rapid drainage of the region. Unfortunately there was little regard to future environmental consequences.

Along with drainage water, these same drains now carry high loads of silt and nutrients. Many of the drains are also degraded and require expensive maintenance annually.

Soil Biodiversity: Its Importance To Ecosystem Processes, Long Term Ecological Research Network

Long Term Ecological Research Network

Report of a Workshop Held at The Natural History Museum, London, England

Role Of Acetic Acid In Siliciclastic Diagenesis: An Experimental Study, Gina Marian Bagnetto Waters

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Role Of Acetic Acid In Siliciclastic Diagenesis: An Experimental Study, Gina Bagnetto Waters

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Springtime Microwave Emissivity Changes In The Southern Kara Sea, Robert G. Crane, Mark R. Anderson

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Springtime microwave brightness temperatures over first-year ice are examined for the southern Kara Sea. Snow emissivity changes are revealed by episodic drops in the 37- to 18-GHz brightness temperature gradient ratio measured by the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer. We suggest that the negative gradient ratios in spring 1982 result from increased scatter at 37 GHz due to the formation of a near-surface hoar layer. This interpretation is supported by the results of a surface radiation balance model that shows the melt signature occurring at below freezing temperatures but under clear-sky conditions with increased solar input to the surface. …

Ua66/8/3 Annual Report, Wku Geography & Geology

WKU Administration Documents

Annual report created by and about WKU Geography & Geology.

Agenda: Water Organizations In A Changing West, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Water Organizations in a Changing West (Summer Conference, June 14-16)

Conference organizers, faculty and/or moderators included University of Colorado School of Law professors Lawrence J. MacDonnell, David H. Getches and James N. Corbridge, Jr.

Water organizations in the western United States range from small, traditional acequia associations to large metropolitan water suppliers. What do these vastly different kinds of organizations have in common? All are feeling the pressures of change in the region--growing urban populations, environmental concerns, and calls for public participation.

This year's summer program will examine how water organizations are adapting to these pressures for change. Speakers drawn from urban, agricultural, and community organizations will share their experiences …

The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States. It is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in northern Arkansas. The river originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, and generally flows northeastward, intersecting the Springfield and Salem Plateaus as it drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet at the confluence with the White River in Marion County. It is considered by many to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and therefore , there is strong interest in protecting …

Historic Information On A Dump Site In Eureka, California, Susie Van Kirk

Susie Van Kirk Papers

"Proposed construction of a Price Costco store at the northeast corner of Wabash and Railroad Avenues in Eureka prompted the recovery and assessment of a portion of a historic dump located on the property. In recent years. ground-disturbing activities for road and building construction and the reestablishment of wetlands, known as the PALCO Marsh at the end of Del Norte Street, revealed the location of historic archaeological resources. The size of the dump area is unknown, but, at the least, it extends underneath and along both sides of Railroad Avenue from Del Norte Street northward to 14th Street and eastward …

Correlating Soil Test Phosphorus Losses In Runoff, D. H. Pote, T. C. Daniel, P. A. Moore Jr., D. J. Nichols, D. R. Edwards, A. N. Sharpley

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Phosphorus in agricultural runoff is often a major cause of accelerated eutrophication of lakes and streams. Previous research has indicated that the amount of dissolved P (DP) in runoff is directly related to P content of the surface soil. Decades of fertilizer application at rates exceeding those of crop uptake have elevated soil test P (STP) levels in areas of intensive crop and livestock production, making this the major source of DP loss in runoff. The objective of our experiment was to relate STP content of Captina silt loam to P concentration and loss in runoff, and determine which STP …

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Land application of animal manures (e.g. poultry litter, poultry manure, and swine manure) to pasture and range can lead to runoff quality degradation during storms that occur soon after application. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to reduce pollution in runoff from row-cropped areas but have not been extensively studied in pasture and range settings. This research involved characterizing performance of fescue VFS in improving quality of runoff from pasture land areas treated with poultry litter and swine manure. The VFS were found to be quite effective in reducing off-site transport of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), …

Drought Profile: Haryana State In North India, K. Kailasa Nathan

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

Haryana state is considered the breadbasket of India, along with the Punjab state. The effects of drought (and mitigation of those effects) are, therefore, of considerable importance for the state. This article considers the state’s drought profile through a study of six drought years in Haryana.

The Effects Of A Wetland On Ground-Water Quality In An Agriculturally Impacted Aquifer, Marilyn Ann Betts

Masters Theses

Nitrate concentrations in excess of U.S. EPA standards have been documented for farm wells in an area where hog production and row crops are the predominant forms of agribusiness. The aquifer serving this area is in glacial deposits of interbedded sand, clay, gravel and till. The upper, unconfined, sand and gravel unit of the aquifer is connected to a flow-through wetland. Five well nests, with wells at various depths, were installed in and around the wetland. Samples were taken from the wells in both winter and summer to establish temporal and spatial changes in ground-water quality parameters.

Concentrations of nitrate, …

Sar Interferometry And Surface Change Detection, Timothy H. Dixon

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Recent events have brought synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry into vogue—at least in some sectors of the geophysical science community. For one thing, the image of coseismic displacement associated with the Landers earthquake, recently published in Nature [Massonnet et al., 1993], coupled with the recent disastrous Northridge earthquake of January 17,1994, has created interest in the Earth science community about SAR interferometry. In particular, there is widespread appreciation that this technique can make a significant contribution to earthquake studies in California and other technically active regions. Similarly, a recent demonstration that ice stream velocity could be measured directly …

Banded Agates, Origins And Inclusions, Roger K. Pabian, Andrejs Zarins

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1993, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soU fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1993, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 436. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

Magmatic Evolution And Eruptive History Of The Granitic Bumping Lake Pluton, Washington: Source Of The Bumping River And Cash Prairie Tuffs, John Frederick King

Dissertations and Theses

The 25 Ma Bumping Lake pluton ranges in composition from quartz diorite to granite with the granitic facies comprising approximately 90% of the pluton's surface area. The granite may be classified as calcalkaline, peraluminous and I-type with some Stype characteristics. A late-stage, mafic-poor facies fills cooling related extensional fractures. The pluton was passively emplaced into the Ohanapecosh Formation at a shallow level in the crust. Contact relationships vary from sharp where the contact is vertical to gradational at the roof of the pluton. Where gradational, stoped xenoliths from the roof of the pluton increase in size, angularity and retain more …

Seven Million Years Of Glaciation In Greenland, H. C. Larsen, A. D. Saunders, P. D. Clift, J. Beget, W. Wei, S. Spezzaferri, J. Ali, H. Cambray, A. Demant, G. Fitton, M. S. Fram, K. Fukuma, J. Gieskes, Mary Anne Holmes, J. Hunt, C. Lacasse, L. M. Larsen, H. Lykke-Andersen, A. Meltser, M. L. Morrison, N. Nemoto, N. Okay, S. Saito, C. Sinton, R. Stax, T. L. Vallier, D. Vandamme, R. Werner

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Glacial till, glaciomarine diamictites, and ice-rafted detritus found in marine cores collected off the shore of southeast Greenland record multiple Late Cenozoic glaciations beginning in the Late Miocene. Distinct rock assemblages and seismic stratigraphic control correlate the diamictites with glaciation of the southeast Greenland margin. Glaciers advanced to the sea during several intervals in the Pliocene and Pleistocene. North Atlantic glaciation may have nucleated in southern Greenland rather than further north because of the high mountains and the high levels of precipitation in this region.

Geologic Framework Of The Niobrara River Drainage Basin And Adjacent Areas In South Dakota Generally East Of The 100th Meridian West Longitude And West Of The Missouri River, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Michael R. Voorhies

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

General geology and stratigraphy of the Niobrara River drainage basin in Nebraska and adjacent parts of South Dakota generally west of the Missouri River is reviewed. Of particular importance are the correlation of the Long Pine Formation of Pliocene age in Nebraska with the Herrick Gravels in South Dakota, the recognition of the members of the Ogallala Group named by Skinnner, Skinner and Gooris (1968) and by Skinner and Johnson (1984) in the basin, the acceptance of the relationships of the Miocene and older Tertiary units in the basin to those in the part of the study area in South …

Discussion And Measurement Of Soil Erosion In Iceland, Kimberly Jane Richardson

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Soil erosion has occurred since the beginning of time. It is a natural process, but one that has been increasing at an alarming rate. Once soil is eroded--whether it is blown out to sea or washed down a river to sedimentize a lake--it is lost. It is almost impossible to reestablish similar soil components and characteristics in a given system. Since soil and vegetation reestablishment is expensive, the prevention of soil erosion by controlling its causes has become the most cost-effective reclamation effort.

After spending six months in Iceland, I wrote this paper on the unique erosion problems facing that …

Sedimentology And Foraminiferal Taphonomy In Siliciclastic Environments: The Northern Gulf Of California, Mexico, Liping Zhang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Holocene sediments from intertidal and shallow subtidal zones in Bahia la Choya, Mexico exhibit significant differences based on their mineralogical content, constituent composition, textural parameters, and foraminiferal assemblages. The intertidal sediments are characterized by low calcium carbonate content, being dominated by quartz, and are moderately well sorted and coarse skewed with a fine mean grain size {M_z = 2.73 phi}. Total numbers {living and dead} of benthonic Foraminifera per ml of sediment are relatively low (12/ml) in the intertidal zones. In contrast, the subtidal sediments are characterized by high calcium carbonate content, being dominated by molluscan shell fragments, and …

The Tectonic Evolution Of The Panther Creek Half-Graben In East-Central Idaho, Brian F. Hammond

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An integrated field, petrographic, structural, and geophysical analysis of the Panther Creek half-graben (PCHG), in east-central Idaho, was undertaken to determine its tectonic origin. Two competing theories as to the origin of the PCHG exist. One suggests that it formed as part of the TransChallis fault system (TCFS), a system of northeast-trending normal faults, eruptive centers, and graben that formed in Middle Eocene time. The graben of this system are bounded by northeast-striking normal faults, and show evidence of syn-tectonic deposition of basin-filling volcanic strata. The other theory suggests that the PCHG may have evolved as a result of a …

Hydrogeology And Hydrochemistry Of The East-Central Portion Of The Salt Lake Valley, Utah, As Applied To Wellhead Protection In A Confined To Semiconfined Aquifer, Jeff W. Gadt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Safe Drinking Water Act includes provisions for state wellhead protection programs which address wellhead protection areas. In Utah, these areas are called drinking water source protection (DWSP) zones. Zones Two and Three are delineated according to analytical or numerical techniques, which are based on hydrogeological and time-of-travel data, as well as recharge information, accumulated through the use of hydrogeologic and hydrochemical techniques. The primary conclusions of this research are:

1. A fence diagram and site hydrostratigraphic diagram show that the hydrogeology is more complex than previously has been thought. The principal aquifer at the target well site comprises a sequence …

Magnitude Of Displacement And Styles Of Deformation On The Paris And Laketown Thrust Faults, Northern Utah, Richard D. Kendrick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Surface geology is combined with abundant industry seismic-reflection and drill­-hole data in the central Bear River Range and Bear Lake Plateau to depict the forms and interactions of the Paris-Woodruff-Willard, Laketown-Meade-Home Canyon, and Crawford thrust faults. Displacement on the Paris thrust diminished to the south, and died out in splays where displacement was transferred to the Willard thrust. West of Woodruff, Utah, splays of the Laketown thrust deformed a complex footwall imbricate of the Willard thrust. To the east, a major northeast-striking Crawford thrust splay exhibits a change in slip vectors from east to southeast. Reorientation of these slip vectors …

The Holocene Sedimentary Framework Of The Lower Columbia River Basin, Edward Breed Gates

Dissertations and Theses

The Columbia River is the largest fluvially dominated estuary in the Pacific Northwest, yet the Holocene transgressive fill of this system has not previously been studied. Nearly 1500 industry borehole and water well records in the lower Columbia River basin (LCRB) were analyzed. These records document the sedimentary infilling of the lower 120 miles of the drowned river valley that occurred during the Holocene marine transgression (10-0 ka). Of particular importance is a key stratigraphic marker horizon of volcanic tephra that has been identified throughout the LCRB. INAA was used to determine the geochemical composition of the target tephra layer. …

Clean Lakes Assistance Program For Lake Nacimiento, Thomas J. Rice, David H. Chipping, Norman L. Eatough, Royden Nakamura, Daniel Bigley

Earth and Soil Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Basement Structure And Overlying Sediments In The Michigan Basin: A Detailed Gravity Investigation, Mitchell Joseph Gutaj

Masters Theses

A detailed gravity study consisting of 945 measurements was carried out in Branch County, Michigan. The objectives of this study are to determine if: (a) structural trends interpreted from regional gravity data in southwestern Michigan are also observed in a more detailed survey in Branch County and (b) any relationship exists between observed geophysical anomalies, geological structures and overlying basin sediments.

The resulting gravity map indicates that NW-SE, NE-SW, and N-S trends are more clearly identified comprising several elliptical highs and lows. Variations in the isopachs of some of the overlying Phanerozoic formations area are also coincident with gravity anomalies. …

Studies Of The Effect Of Hydrophobic Filter Packs In Free Product Hydrocarbon Recovery Wells, Stephen J. Shank

Masters Theses

Most free product hydrocarbon recovery wells are filter packed in order to prevent aquifer material from entering the well and to increase their effective diameter. Historically there are five factors in filter pack designs: grain size, grain shape, mineralogy, uniformity, and the filter pack diameter. Previous laboratory experiments found that filter packs treated with a water repellant chemical could dramatically improve well performance. This adds wettability as a sixth factor.

A desorption experiment was conducted to determine the feasibility of using a chemically treated filter pack in the subsurface. Analytical results of the leachate from the chemically treated sand indicated …

The Speciation Of Dissolved Uranium In Marine Waters, Darrin Kent Mann

OES Theses and Dissertations

Uranium has been used extensively for quantifying geochemical processes in the marine environment. Due to its low concentration, about 3.3 μg/1, some form of preconcentration is required for analysis. The two most widely used pre-concentration schemes are co-precipitation with iron hydroxide, and chelating ion exchange chromatography. These methods were developed by following the behavior of inorganic uranium isotopes and seemed to give identical results. However, when used for trace metal analysis, these methods have been shown to extract different fractions from the same sample. Chelex-100 resin removes only inorganic or weakly bound trace metals from a solution, while the precipitates …

Sporomorphs And Palynological Interpretations Of Lower Oligocene Strata From The Eastern Gulf Coast, U.S.A., Lisa M. Reeves

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The Vicksburg Group in the eastern Gulf Coast of the United States belongs to one of the most complete and continuous Paleogene strata in the world. Previous studies in this region have neglected the rich palynomorph assemblages of the Lower Oligocene units of the Vicksburg Group. Four samples from Wayne County Mississippi were analyzed for palynological information on the Vicksburg Group. The initial objective of the study was to understand the principles of palynology and the basis for sporomorph identification. A minimum of 300 specimens were counted per slide to determine the distribution of sporomorphs in the sediments. Two hundred …