Digital Commons Network^™

A Portable Rainfall Simulator For Plot–Scale Runoff Studies, J. Byron Humphry, Tommy C. Daniel, Dwayne R. Edwards, Andrew N. Sharpley

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Rainfall simulators have a long history of successful use in both laboratory and field investigations. Many plot–scale simulators, however, have been difficult to operate and transport in the field, especially in remote locations where water or electricity is unavailable. This article describes a new rainfall simulator that is relatively easy to operate and transport to and from the field while maintaining critical intensity, distribution, and energy characteristics of natural rainfall. The simulator frame is constructed from lightweight aluminum pipe with a single 50 WSQ nozzle centered at a height of 3 m (9.8 ft). An operating nozzle pressure of 28 …

Longshore Sand Transport – Initial Results From The Large-Scale Sediment Transport Facility, Ping Wang, Bruce A. Ebersole, Ernest R. Smith

Geology Faculty Publications

Accurate predictions of the total rate of longshore sand transport (LST) and its cross-shore distribution pattern in the surf zone are central to many coastal engineering studies. Present understanding and methods for calculating the LST rate are largely developed based on field studies (e.g., Komar and Inman 1970; Inman et al. 1981; Kraus et al. 1982; Bodge and Dean 1987a, b; Dean 1989; Schoonees and Theron 1993; Miller 1998; Wang, Kraus, and Davis 1998; Wang 1998; Wang and Kraus 1999; Miller 1999). The Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) formula (Shore Protection Manual 1984), which is based on field measurements, is …

Transition From Contraction To Extension In The Northeastern Basin And Range: New Evidence From The Copper Mountains, Nevada, Jeffrey M. Rahl, Allen J. Mcgrew, Kenneth A. Foland

Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

New mapping, structural analysis, and 40Ar/39Ar dating reveal an unusually well‐constrained history of Late Eocene extension in the Copper Mountains of the northern Basin and Range province. In this area, the northeast‐trending Copper Creek normal fault juxtaposes a distinctive sequence of metacarbonate and granitoid rocks against a footwall of Upper Precambrian to Lower Cambrian quartzite and phyllite. Correlation of the hanging wall with footwall rocks to the northwest provides an approximate piercing point that requires 8–12 km displacement in an ESE direction. This displaced fault slice is itself bounded above by another normal fault (the Meadow Fork Fault), which brings …

Sedimentology And Paleoenvironments Of The Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Fm., Perú, Cristian R. Carvajal

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The main objective of this research was to understand the sedimentology and depositional environment of the diatomaceous Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Formation in the Ica Valley, Perú. Four stratigraphic sections were studied, sampled and correlated. Field data were integrated with XRD, diatom taxonomy and taphonomy, and thin section analyses to define six facies.

Facies A is composed of diatomaceous siltstone with scour and fill structures formed on a shallow shelf. Facies B was deposited on the transitional zone between the shallow shelf and nearshore where tuffaceous-diatomaceous siltstone and sandstone accumulated. In facies B, lenticular laminations, and flaser, wavy and lenticular bedding record …

Dynamic Interpretation Of Slug Tests In Highly Permeable Aquifers, Brian R. Zurbuchen, Vitalya. Zlotnik, James J. Butler Jr.

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Considerable progress has been made in developing a theoretical framework for modeling slug test responses in formations with high hydraulic conductivity K. However, several questions of practical significance remain unresolved. Given the rapid and often oscillatory nature of test responses, the traditional hydrostatic relationship between the water level and the transducer-measured head in the water column may not be appropriate. A general dynamic interpretation is proposed that describes the relationship between water level response and transducer-measured head. This theory is utilized to develop a procedure for transforming model-generated water level responses to transducer readings. The magnitude of the difference …

Package Options For Alfalfa, Michael Collins

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Most of the hay crop in Kentucky is harvested as dry hay and stored in round bales of various sizes for feeding on the farm. Most of the round-baled hay in Kentucky is used on-farm in feeding beef and dairy cattle. When alfalfa hay in round bales is left outside without protection from the weather, large losses in DM yield and in forage quality usually result. We routinely measure DM losses in the range of 20- 35% for a normal length hay storage season. Our research has shown that several economical storage options exist for protecting this hay from weathering. …

Marketing Kentucky Hay, Billy Ray Smith

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The production of hay and pasture crops is essential to a profitable future for Kentucky agriculture. The Commonwealth ranked seventh in the nation in hay production in the year 2000 with 6.2 million tons. These forages provide the bulk of the feed supply for our livestock industry. In addition, a significant portion of our hay crop is marketed, both to in-state and out-of-state buyers.

Innovative Loading And Stacking Systems For Custom Hay Sales, Tom Keene

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

As the face of agriculture continues to change, so does the hay industry. What was standard operating procedure twenty years ago is now no longer economically feasible in the cash hay industry. This is especially true in the loading and stacking end of the business.

The business has changed because new technology along with the dramatic decrease in the availability of "hand labor" has helped to drive the need for new loading and stacking systems for the hay industry. These two phenomenon will continue to drive us toward total mechanization in the hay industry in fact many hay producers are …

Designing A Grazing System For Alfalfa, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

As we think about grazing alfalfa, we should decide why we are considering alfalfa and where it fits. I want to address some of these issues from my prospective as a grazer with several years experience and as an agriculture employee working with many grazers over the years. Alfalfa is the most productive, high quality grazing forage we can grow in Kentucky; we need to be using it more.

Grazing Alfalfa At The Western Kentucky University Farm, Byron Sleugh, Raquel Stiles, David K. Stiles, Amanda Canty, Curtis Mitchell

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa has been around for centuries. In all this time, it was used in many different ways to provide high quality forage to livestock. In fact, in the area where alfalfa originated, the word actually means "horse power". We have come a long way since then and alfalfa is used for a wide range of animals, from rabbits to rhinos.

In order to maximize the efficiency of utilization of alfalfa, it has become necessary to graze it. Grazing is preferred over harvesting and storage for several reasons: less equipment and thus lower cost, less harvest loss, and greater quality forage …

Managing Alfalfa For Yield-Quality-Persistence, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is a premier forage legume that has played an important role in Kentucky's forage-livestock program for many years. It's role at present is increasing and it's most significant role is yet to come.

Advances In Alfalfa Breeding — What Will The Alfalfa Variety Of The Future Smell, Taste, Look And Act Like?, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is the highest quality, highest yielding and arguably the highest value forage crop in Kentucky and in the US. It is useful as hay, haylage or pasture for a variety of species of livestock. It is well adapted to Kentucky and is an important part of the forage/livestock system.

Alfalfa breeders are actively working to develop varieties that will meet and exceed farmer expectations for yield and persistence. In addition, other traits are sought after to make the variety meet a special need or to have better marketability or attraction to the customer.

So what will the alfalfa of …

Foreword [2002], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

Plant Establishment With Rainfall Simulators For Erosion Control, Brent Hallock, Steve Rein, Misty Scharff, Michael Curto

Earth and Soil Sciences

Hydroseeding failures on disturbed sites are usually attributable to combinations of improper species selection, seeding at inappropriate times, and/or improper seed mixes, fiber, and tackifier. To investigate these factors, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and California State University, Sacramento, conducted a study of these factors’ affect on vegetation establishment.

The goal was to identify initially fast growing vegetation that demonstrates long-term erosion control effectiveness. Native plant species common to District 5, along the California Central Coast, were used. Treatments were conducted in 0.6 by 2 m by 30 cm …

A Gis To Select Plant Species For Erosion Control Along California Highways, Michael Curto, Brent Hallock, Misty Scharff

Earth and Soil Sciences

Through road construction and maintenance activities, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) actively manages roadside rights-of-way that transect California's 41 million hectares (101 million acres), spanning over 3,000 meters of elevational change from seashore to subalpine. State and federal highways are grouped into 12 districts, each encompassing from one to 11 of the state's 58 counties. District personnel are typically responsible for implementing site-specific adaptations of general statewide guidelines for shortto long-term erosion control following construction or storm damage. Many erosion control projects involve reestablishing vegetation through seeding where the precarious life stages of germination and establishment are controlled by …

Crop Updates 2002 - Farming Systems, Peter Metcalfe, Mike Ewing, Roy Latta, Keith Devenish, Diana Fedorenko, Clayton Butterly, Chantelle Butterly, Kim Diamond, Neil Diamond, Stuart Mcalpine, Bill Bowden, Jessica Johns, Terry Piper, David Bowran, Robert Beard, Phil Ward, Dominie Wright, Nichole Burges, Roger Jones, Danae Harman, Greg Shea, George Yan, David Tennant, David Hall, Anyou Liu, Clinton Revell, Candy Hudson, Andrew Blake, Natalie Lauritsen, John Fosu-Nyarko, Roger Jones, Lisa Smith, Mike Jones, Geoff Dwyer, Bill Bowden, Michael O'Connell, Chris Gazey, David Gartner, Amanda Miller, Richard W. Bell, K. Frost, Mike Wong, Ross Brennan, N. J. Blake, G. Mconnell, D. Patabendige, N. Venn, Derk Bakker, Greg Hamilton, Dave Houlbrooke, Cliff Spann, Paul Blackwell, Bindi Webb, G. Lyle, K. Wittwer, Perry Dolling, Senthold Asseng, Ian Fillery, Michael Robertson, Caroline Peek, David Rogers, Peter Portman, Jeff Russell, Greg Shea, Ben Henderson, Ross Kingwell, Tresslyn Walmsley, Jean Galloway, Debbie Thackray, Moin Salam, Art Diggle, William J. Macleod, Jenny Hawkes

Crop Updates

This session covers forty one papers from different authors:

INTRODUCTION

1. Future Farming Systems session for Crop Updates 2002 Peter Metcalf, FARMING SYSTEMS SUBPROGRAM MANAGER GRAINS PROGRAM Department of Agriculture

2. Perennial pastures in annual cropping systems: Lucerne and beyond, the ‘Big Picture’, Mike Ewing, Deputy CEO CRC for Plant-based Management of Dryland Salinity, Department of Agriculture

3. Perennial pastures in annual cropping systems: lucerne and beyond, Roy Latta and Keith Devenish, Department of Agriculture

4. Establishing Lucerne with a cover crop, Diana Fedorenko¹, Clayton Butterly¹, Chantelle Butterly¹, Kim and Neil Diamond^{2 …}

Equatorial Ocean Circulation In An Extremely Warm Climate, T. C. Moore, D. K. Rea, Mitchell W. Lyle, Lee M. Liberty

CGISS Publications and Presentations

The warm climates of the early Paleogene and the associated diminished near-surface winds should have resulted in a reduction in near-surface ocean circulation. One check on this deduction is the delineation of biogenic sediments associated with an equatorial current system of the early Eocene Pacific. A latitudinal seismic reflection transect across the tropical Pacific along early Paleogene ocean crust reveals a basal high-amplitude reflection package that we take to be the lower Eocene section. This unit varies in thickness by a factor of about two, with the thickest portion forming a low mound some 3˚–4˚ north of the 56 Ma …

Assessing Chronological Changes In Remnant Native Forest At Catchment Level : A Case Study On The Toolibin Catchment Area, G R. Beeston, Graciela Metternicht

Resource management technical reports

The aim of this study were to construct a digital database of the historical patterns of land clearing (amount, spatial distribution); to reconstruct the historical vegetation of the Toolibin catchment, Western Australia, using mallet maps and reports of the period; to produce maps showing the rate of clearing for the periods 1960-70, 1970-80, 1980-96; and to analyse the relationships between soil types, topographic position and land clearing.

Blackwood Catchment : Katanning Zone (Zone 6) Appendices : Catchment Appraisal 2001, Henry Brockman, Blackwood Rapid Catchment Appraisal Team (Wa)

Resource management technical reports

Contents: Appendix 1 Climate : risk of frost -- Appendix 2. Hydrology -- Appendix 3. Soils : soil landscape units in the Katanning zone ; soil information sheets for upper Blackwood -- Appendix 4. Evaluation of Landcare techniques : a catchment approach -- Appendix 5. Earthworks and engineering options for surface and groundwater control -- Appendix 6. Native plants of the Katanning Zone useful for revegetation -- Appendix 7. List of contacts.

Native Vegetation In Western Australia : Extent, Type And Status, D P. Shepherd, G R. Beeston, A J M Hopkins

Resource management technical reports

This report describes a new vegetation extent and type dataset for Western Australia prepared through the National Land and Water Resources Audit. Summary tables and maps prepared from these data are presented describing vegetation in relation to natural resource boundaries commonly used for environmental reporting. This present vegetation extent dataset builds on previous vegetation mapping exercises in Western Australia.

Synchrotron Radiation-Induced X-Ray Emission To Identify Metal Ions In Preparations Of Purified Protein, Thomas Pfister, Huan Feng, Eckard Wimmer, Keith W. Jones

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The suitability of synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission (SRIXE) for the detection and identification of metal ions in preparations of purified, soluble proteins was tested. Glutathione S-transferase fused to the proximal zinc finger motif of human transcription factor IIIA or to the cysteine-rich motif of poliovirus protein 2C was expressed in bacteria and purified by affinity chromatography. Aqueous samples containing the purified proteins were analyzed with SRIXE, and trace amounts of zinc and iron were detected. Mutation of the zinc-coordinating residues in the cysteine-rich motif of poliovirus protein 2C resulted in the loss of the zinc-binding ability. Relative quantities of metal …

Depth Characterization Of Shallow Aquifers With Seismic Reflection, Part Ii—Prestack Depth Migration And Field Examples, John H. Bradford, D. S. Sawyer

CGISS Publications and Presentations

It is common in shallow seismic studies for the compressional-wave velocity in unconsolidated sediments to increase by a factor of four or more at the transition from dry or partial water saturation to full saturation. Under these conditions, conventional NMO velocity analysis fails and leads to large depth and layer thickness estimates if the Dix equation is assumed valid. Prestack depth migration (PSDM) is a means of improving image accuracy. A comparison of PSDM with conventional NMO processing for three field examples from differing hydrogeologic environments illustrates that PSDM can significantly improve image quality and accuracy.

Giant Fossil Coelacanths From The Late Cretaceous Of The Eastern Usa, David R. Schwimmer

Faculty Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Mount Keumgang (Geography And History), Thomas Dolan

Faculty Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Taeback Mountain Range, Thomas Dolan

Faculty Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Organic Wheat : A Production Guide, Steven Mccoy

Bulletins 4000 -

Many people believe that organic agriculture systems can only work in high rainfall regions. However, some of Australia’s most successful organic farmers are the experienced organic wheatbelt growers who produce cereal, pulse and oilseed crops in different regions and soil types across the country.

Wheat is the major organic cereal crop grown in Australia - predominantly noodle and breadmaking wheats for export markets.

Farming systems developed by modern organic wheat growers can differ significantly in concept, strategies and techniques from those used by conventional growers. Successful conversion to organic requires careful planning and integration of the whole farming system over …

Geology Of The Ören And Surrounding Areas, Sw Anatolia, Ömer Feyzi̇ Gürer, Yücel Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

On the Lycian Nappes of SW Anatolia, Neogene basins developed along two different trends in different periods. NNE-trending basins formed during the Early-Middle Miocene period as exemplified by the Ören and Yatağan grabens. These graben fills consist of three distinct rock units. At the base are (1) coarse clastics, sourced from elevated areas adjacent to the basin-bounding faults. These are linear river-valley fills. They give way upward to (2) alternating coal-bearing sandstone and limestone as the graben valleys were gradually widened, and the surrounding mountains were reduced by erosion. Finally, lake environment formed, invading the region during the advanced stage …

Upper Cretaceous Stratigraphy Of The Bey Dağları Carbonate Platform, Korkuteli Area (Western Taurides, Turkey), Bi̇lal Sari, Saci̇t Özer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Upper Cretaceous Korkuteli (Antalya) carbonate sequence of the Bey Dağları autochthonous unit (western Taurides) comprises two formations. The Cenomanian-Santonian Bey Dağları formation lies at the base of this sequence and can be divided into two parts. Neritic part is characterized by platform-type, peritidal limestones and comprises an approximately 600-m-thick sequence that contains two main rudistid horizons corresponding to Cenomanian and early Santonian. The neritic limestones pass gradually upward into the 15-m-thick, middle-upper Santonian massive hemipelagic limestones that form the upper part. The upper Campanian-middle Maastrichtian Akdağ formation consists totally of pelagic limestones that indicate basinal conditions and disconformably overlies …

Obituary, Gülsen Uçarkul, Tuncay Taymaz

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Geologic And Tectonic History Of The Western Snake River Plain, Idaho And Oregon, Spencer H. Wood, Drew M. Clemens

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The western Snake River Plain is a Neogene-aged intracontinental rift basin, about 70 km wide and 300 km long, trending northwest across the southern Idaho batholith. Its southeastern end merges with the northeast-trending eastern plain, a structural downwarp associated with extension along the track of the Yellowstone hot spot. Orientation of the western plain rift is parallel to several regional northwest-trending crustal discontinuities, such as the Olympic-Wallowa lineament and the Brothers fault zone, suggesting that the rift failed along zones of lithospheric weakness, as the lithosphere was softened by the passing hot spot. Crustal refraction data and gravity show that …