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Evolution Of Subglacial Water Pressure Along A Glacier’S Length, Joel T. Harper, Neil Humphrey, W. Tad Pfeffer, T. J. Fudge, Shad O'Neel

Geosciences Faculty Publications

Observations from along the length of Bench Glacier, Alaska, USA, show that the subglacial water-pressure field undergoes a multiphase transition from a winter mode to a summer mode. Data were collected at the glacier surface, the outlet stream, and in a network of 47 boreholes spanning the length of the 7 km long glacier. The winter pressure field was near overburden, with low-magnitude (centimeter to meter scale) and long-period (days to weeks) variations. During a spring speed-up event, boreholes showed synchronous variations and a slight pressure drop from prior winter values. Diurnal pressure variations followed the speed-up, with their onset …

Evaluation Of A Mechanical System For Reconstructing Soil On Surface Mined Land, John P. Fulton, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The existence of excessive soil compaction has hindered the surface mining industry from returning land to pre−mining productivity after reclamation, especially on prime farmland soils. Heavy earthmoving equipment used during reclamation tends to generate root−limiting bulk densities that adversely affect plant growth thereby decreasing yields. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate a mechanism, called the ‘Soil Regenerator,’ which reconstructs soil media at minimum bulk density during surface mine reclamation. The prototype soil forming mechanism was mounted on the front of a conventional bulldozer. Soil was placed in long narrow windrows by a scraper or bulldozer. As the …

Palaeogeography And Fluvial To Estuarine Architecture Of The Dakota Formation (Cretaceous, Alvian), Eastern Nebraska, Usa, Robert Matthew Joeckel, G. A. Ludvigson, B. J. Witzke, E. P. Kvale, P. L. Phillips, R. L. Brenner, S. G. Thomas, L. M. Howard

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Sedimentological Characteristics And Internal Architecture Of Two Overwash Fans From Hurricanes Ivan And Jeanne, Mark H. Horwitz, Ping Wang

Geology Faculty Publications

Extensive overwash occurred along the Florida coast during the passage of four strong hurricanes in 2004, providing an excellent opportunity to study the spatial patterns and sedimentary architecture of washover deposits. Detailed 3D sedimentological characteristics of two of the overwash fans were studied through coring, trenching, and ground penetration radar surveys. The first washover-fan complex, deposited by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne is located on the Atlantic facing Hutchinson Island in southeastern Florida. The second fan, deposited by hurricane Ivan is located on the Gulf-facing Santa Rosa Island in northwestern Florida. Subsurface imaging using a 250 MHz Ground penetrating radar profiling …

Bedrock Geology Of Sonora Quadrangle, Washington And Benton Counties, Arkansas, Camille M. Hutchinson, Jon C. Dowell, Stephen K. Boss

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A digital geologic map of Sonora quadrangle was produced at 1:24,000 scale using the geographic information system GIS) software Maplnfo. The geology of Sonora quadrangle consists of sedimentary rocks from the Ordovician, Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian Systems. The Cotter, Powell, and Everton formations represent the Ordovician System. The Clifty and Chattanooga formations represent the Devonian System. The St. Joe Limestone, Boone, Batesville, and Fayetteville formations represent the Mississippian System. The Hale formation represents the Pennsylvanian System. The St. Joe Limestone crops out extensively in Sonora quadrangle and is unconformably overlain by the Boone formation in the southern portion of the …

Cross Section Of The Upper Elkhorn Coal Zone Between The Varney And Lick Creek Quadrangles, Bradford L. Luckett

Map and Chart--KGS

This cross section shows lithic variation and coal-bed correlations for the interval between the Upper Elkhorn No. 1 and the Upper Elkhorn No. 3 ½ coals from southern Martin County to central Pike County. It is one of a series being made to document the characteristics of the Upper Elkhorn coal zone in eastern Kentucky. The data are derived from the KGS coal borehole database, which contains records of exploration core holes supplied by coal companies. Lines on the diagram show general bed correlations and indicate places where mineable coal beds split into two or more thinner benches. The vertical …

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Hopkins County, Kentucky, Matthew M. Crawford, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Wolfe County, Kentucky, Richard A. Smath, Bart Davidson, Daniel I. Carey, John F. Stickney

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Clinton County, Kentucky, T. Jeffrey Adams, Bart Davidson, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Christian County, Kentucky, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Boone County, Kentucky, Richard A. Smath, Bart Davidson, Daniel I. Carey, John D. Kiefer, Ken Daniels

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Groundwater Quality In Kentucky: Mercury, Bart Davidson, R. Stephen Fisher

Information Circular--KGS

Mercury is a naturally occurring metal that occurs in trace amounts in water, soils, and rocks. Elemental mercury is a liquid that occurs in some ore deposits; it may also be concentrated around hot springs. Currently, about 50 percent of mercury use is for electrical products such as dry-cell batteries, fluorescent lights, switches, and other control equipment. Mercury is also used in the electrolytic preparation of chlorine gas and caustic soda, and in paint manufacture and pesticide production (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2002). In the past, significant amounts of mercury were used in thermometers and pressure gauges.

Groundwater Quality In Kentucky: Selenium, Bart Davidson, R. Stephen Fisher

Information Circular--KGS

Selenium is a naturally occurring element found in most rocks and soils (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2003). In its solid form, selenium is black, gray, or red and is odorless (New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, 2002). Most selenium is obtained from byproducts of the copper refining industry. Selenium compounds are often used in electronic components, photocopiers, metal alloys, rubber, paint pigments, glass-making (ruby red glass), and photographic emulsions (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2003). Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic and photoconductive properties. As more light shines on selenium, its electrical conductivity increases, making it extremely useful …

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Bullitt County, Kentucky, Bart Davidson, Stephen F. Greb, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Todd County, Kentucky, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Crittenden County, Kentucky, E. Glynn Beck, David A. Williams, Daniel I. Carey

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Generalized Geologic Map For Land-Use Planning: Oldham County, Kentucky, Bart Davidson, Daniel I. Carey, Stephen F. Greb, Anthony Mount

Map and Chart--KGS

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.

Lithostratigraphy Of Precambrian And Paleozoic Rocks Along Structural Cross Section Ky-1, Crittenden County To Lincoln County, Kentucky, Martin C. Noger, James A. Drahovzal

Report of Investigations--KGS

This east–west cross section across western Kentucky is one of a network of regional cross sections prepared by the Illinois Basin Consortium that illustrate the structural and stratigraphic framework of the Illinois Basin. The structural cross section uses wireline logs of deep tests, as well as proprietary reflection seismic data, to show the relationship of Paleozoic rocks to each other from the surface to the top of the Precambrian unconformity.

The line of the cross section extends east from the complexly faulted Western Kentucky Fluorspar District across the Moorman Syncline and the underlying Rough Creek Graben to the Cincinnati Arch …

The Effect Of Sample Size On Rapid Bioassessment Scores And Management Efficiency, Uttam Kumar Rai

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid bioassessment method for stream bio monitoring generally uses a fixed count of 200 macro invertebrates as the standard subsample size. This number has been argued to be too small to provide accurate estimates on the richness of macro invertebrate communities and is believed to give misleading information pertaining to stream health. In this study, I used data collected from multiple habitats from 29 streams located in several subecoregions of Georgia to examine how the rapid bioassessment scores perform across subsample sizes of 100, 200, and 300 organisms. Subsample sizes of 100 and 200 organisms were found to underestimate …

Hydrology Of The Springs, Seeps, And Fens At The Nature Conservancy's Pigeon Point Preserve, Ransom County, North Dakota, Corey W. Askin

Theses and Dissertations

Pigeon Point lies along the Sheyenne River in the west-central part of the Sheyenne Delta Aquifer, southeastern North Dakota. Groundwater discharges along a north-facing bluff at Pigeon Point and forms springs, seeps, and fens 'hosting atypical boreal species. The Nature Conservancy owns 231 ha at Pigeon Point, a tract that also includes the largest and least disturbed spring-fed stream in the region as well as some of the finest riparian forest in the state. In response to possible future groundwater diversion, the objectives of this study are: 1) to characterize the Sheyenne Delta Aquifer up-gradient from Pigeon Point, 2) to …

Assessing Recharge And Discharge Across The Prairie Pothole Landscape: Application Of Spatial Hydrological Data And Statistical Analysis In A Groundwater Flow Model, Christopher D. Laveau

Theses and Dissertations

Quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics between groundwater recharge, discharge, and wetlands is a necessary step to develop effective water management strategies. Wetlands in the northern Great Plains play a role in flood control, water supply, and regional ecology. The water budget of a wetland in the northern prairies is often an unequal balance between moisture input and output in which the permanence of a wetland depends on its groundwater budget. Identifying and quantifying groundwater recharge and discharge zones has applications in predicting the spatial and temporal distribution of wetlands.

The current work involved the application of a groundwater model …

Regional Stratigraphy Of The Newcastle Formation (Lower Cretaceous) In Eastern Montana And Western North Dakota, Adam J. Ulishney

Theses and Dissertations

The Newcastle Formation (Lower Cretaceous) consists of sandstone with interbedded shale, siltstone, and mudstone facies. This work shows that the regional stratigraphy of the unit is detailed enough for the interpretation of its depositional history and environments in eastern Montana. This work also illustrates the possible lowstand position of the Western Interior Seaway along with probable source areas providing sediments into the study area.

A total of 3446 geophysical wireline logs were used to determine formation tops of the Greenhorn, Mowry, Newcastle, Skull Creek, and Inyan Kara Formations. The log character of the Newcastle Formation was also described for all …

Field Guide To Exhumed Major Faults In Southern California, Joseph R. Jacobs, Samuel B. Howard, David Forand, Ory Dor, James P. Evans

Geosciences Faculty Publications

This field guide provides an overview of exposures and provides a field trip guide to localities of exhumed faults in southern California. We focus on exposures of faults that are documented or inferred to be exhumed from seismogenic depths. The goal of this guidebook is to provide geoscientists who are interested in fault zone mechanics and earthquake processes a summary of the results of the work on these sites.

Source Of Meta-Igneous Blocks And Structure Of The Colebrooke Schist In The Snowcamp Peak Area, Pickett Peak Terrane, Southwestern Oregon, Jennifer Katrib

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The Colebrooke Schist of the Pickett Peak terrane, southwestern Oregon, is the easternmost, structurally highest unit of the Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic Franciscan Accretionary Complex. The Colebrooke Schist consists of mostly transitional greenschist-blueschist-facies meta-sedimentary rocks with common blocks of meta-volcanics and serpentinites, rare talc-schists and meta-plutonic rocks. The Colebrooke Schist meta-volcanic blocks are greenstones, in many cases with visible relict pillow structures and relict igneous textures.
Fifteen meta-volcanic samples and one meta-plutonic sample were analyzed by XRF and ICP-MS and were plotted with analyses from Plake (1989) and Coleman (1972). The Colebrooke Schist meta-volcanic rocks plot in mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), island …

Stratigraphy And Geochronology Of The Early Miocene Volcanic Units In The Bigadiç Borate Basin, Western Turkey, Fuat Erkül, Cahi̇t Helvaci, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Western Turkey has undergone an intense deformation which has given rise to two types of basins since the Late Oligocene: NE-trending and E-W-trending basins situated on the basement rocks of the Menderes Massif, the Sakarya Zone, the Lycian nappes and the Bornova Flysch Zone. One of the NE-trending basins, the Bigadiç borate basin, is located in the Bornova Flysch Zone - a 50-90-km-wide zone between the Sakarya Zone and the Menderes Massif. Lower Miocene successions are dominated by lacustrine, fluvial, evaporitic sedimentary rocks and numerous NE-trending volcanic centres which produced considerable amounts of lava and volcaniclastic detritus in the Bigadiç …

Geologic Map And Topographic Profile Of The Newark Quadrangle, Nebraska, Steven M. Condon

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Newark Quadrangle, Nebraska

Geologic Map And Topographic Profile Of The Elm Creek West Quadrangle, Nebraska, Steven M. Condon

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Geologic Map and Topographic Profile of the Elm Creek West Quadrangle, Nebraska

Geologic Studies Of The Platte River, South-Central Nebraska And Adjacent Areas—Geologic Maps, Subsurface Study, And Geologic History, Steven M. Condon

United States Geological Survey: Publications

The Platte River of south-central Nebraska was studied at three scales to place the river in its geological context and to trace its evolution through geologic time. At the largest scale the Elm Creek West and the Newark 7.5 minute quadrangles were mapped. These quadrangles are located just west and just east of Kearney and serve to illustrate the main geomorphic elements of the present Platte River Valley. The central elements of the quadrangles are the Platte River channels, islands, and bottomlands, which are flanked by terraces that step up away from the river to the north and south. Significant …

Amphibian Research And Monitoring Initiative: Concepts And Implementation, Paul Stephen Corn, Michael J. Adams, William A. Battaglin, Alisa L. Gallant, Daniel L. James, Melinda Knutson, Catherine A. Langtimm, John R. Sauer

United States Geological Survey: Publications

This report provides the basis for discussion and subsequent articulation of a national plan for the Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). The authors were members of a task force formed from within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) that included scientists with expertise in biology, cartography, hydrology, and statistics. The assignment of the task force was to extend work begun by the National Amphibian Leadership Group. This group, composed of senior USGS scientists, managers, and external authorities, met in Gainesville, Florida, in February 20001. The product of this meeting was a document outlining the framework for a national program to …

Mercury Concentrations In Fishes From Select Water Bodies In Trinity County, California, 2000-2002, Jason T. May, Roger L. Hothem, Charles N. Alpers

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Sites of historical gold and mercury mining in the Trinity River watershed continue to release mercury to downstream water bodies. To evaluate the extent of mercury (Hg) contamination in the watershed, the U.S. Geological Survey collected samples of sediment, water, invertebrates, amphibians, and fishes from select water bodies and mine sites in Trinity County, California. This report presents total mercury data for 368 fishes collected during 2000–2002, from 4 locations within Trinity Lake, from 16 stream sites, and from 3 pond sites within the Trinity River watershed. The following species of fish were sampled (scientific name and number of samples …