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Modification Of Stolon Growth, Development And Flowering By Plant Growth Regulators In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) Seed Crops, A H. Marshall, D H. Hides

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Within the EEC the need to develop low cost less intensive systems of animal production has led to an increase in the importance of legumes generally, and white clover in particu­lar. At present, annual white clover seed usage within the EEC is approximately 4,000 tonnes, however, the self sufficiency rate is expected to fall below 50 % by the end of the 1980s due prin­cipally to unpredictable seed yields which make it an unprofit­able crop for seed growers. The main component of seed yield in white clover is the number of ripe inflorescences at harvest (Zaleski, 1961) however, the proportion …

Growth Regulator Effects On Seed Production Of Lotus Corniculatus L. And Lotus Uliginosus Schkuhr., J G. Hampton, Qingfeng Li, M D. Hare

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Seed yield in both Lotus corniculatus L. and Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr. (syn. L. pedunculatus Cav.) is considered to be limited by the indeterminate growth habit which results in a protracted (2-4 month) flowering period (Witchwoot, 1987; Li and Hill, 1988) leading to wide variation in seed maturity and seed loss through pod shattering. In both species seed yield is determined primarily by the number of inflorescences (Mos, 1983 ; Wit­chwoot, 1987), and thus treatments which alter or remove api­cal dominance, enhance shoot production or main stem bran­ching thereby increasing inflorescence numbers (Clifford et al., 1983 ; Li and Hill, 1988), …

Plant Resources And Forage Seed Production In China, Dong Peihua

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

China is situated in the Eastern part of Asia ; from North to South it extends across the temperate and tropical zones. From East to West it has humid, semiarid, arid regions. There is no frost through the year in some part ofHainan Island, Yunnan, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces. Therefore plants grow the year round and there is a wide range of tropical species. The geographical and climatical differences resulted in rich grass resources. There are three hundred million hectares of natural pastures in Northern China, with more than 4000 plant species. These plants have different degrees of feeding value. …

The Effect Of Weed Control Using Herbicide On Soil Bacteria, Growth, And Yield Of Sweet Corn, Lafi Na'imatul Bayyinah, Purwanto, Risqa Naila Khusna Syarifah, Rama Adi Pratama, Ida Widiyawati, Hendra

Jurnal Kultivasi

Weeds are managed by herbicides, but this can reduce the abundance of soil bacteria. This research aimed to determine the effect of active compounds of herbicides on weeds, the abundance of soil bacteria, growth and yield of sweet corn. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2023 in the fields and Laboratory of Agronomy and Horticulture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. A randomized block design was used, consisting of eight treatments and four replications. The treatments included control (H0); weeding (H1); paraquat (H2); glyphosate (H3); paraquat, atrazine, mesotrione (H4); glyphosate, atrazine, mesotrione (H5); paraquat, atrazine, mesotrione, nicosulfuron (H6); and glyphosate, …

Primates From Senèze, Eric Delson

Publications and Research

Senèze has yielded two primate fossils, neither from the recent field work. A partial ulna can be identified as cf. Macaca sylvanus. A nearly complete female skull is the holotype of Dolichopithecus arvernensis Depéret, 1928, now included in Paradolichopithecus. Emended and differential diagnoses are provided for this genus and species for the first time, and the Senèze skull is described and briefly compared to those of other species of the genus. Dental and cranial measurements are provided, along with comparative data. The macaque and Paradolichopithecus are moderately to highly terrestrial, respectively, and they suggest a woodland to more open …

How The Biotic And Abiotic Factors In The Belle Forest Cave And Arboretum Soil Dictates Tree Species Prevalence, Amya A. Bingham

SPARK Symposium Presentations

A plethora of factors in the soil impact a plant’s health, including the presence of different biotic and abiotic factors. These include things like temperature, elevation, pH, microbial respiration and the presence of water, clay, loam, silt, sand, nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus. Different soils will have varying amounts of these, which may dictate what is able to grow in them, and therefore also the surrounding area. This research project explores how the aforementioned biotic and abiotic factors affect the soil at the Belle Forest Cave and Arboretum. Three samples will be taken from four spots along a transect at this …

Innovative Soil Classification Approach For Achieving Global Biodiversity Framework Utilizing Integrated Data Fusion Of Emit And Multispectral Satellite Observations: Case Study Of Imam Turki Bin Abdullah Royal Reserve, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Hesham Morgan, Ali Elgendy, Surendra Maharjan, Wenzhao Li, Tamer Ismail, Yehya Kh. Shehadeh, Ahmed Elgharib, Ahmed Abdullah Al-Dughairi, Ali El Muburak, Khaled Allam Harhash, Hesham El-Askary

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Soil classification is essential for sustainable land management, ecological conservation, and combating desertification, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This study integrates hyperspectral data from the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) and multispectral imagery from Sentinel-2 to achieve accurate soil classification for the Imam Turki bin Abdullah Royal Reserve (ITBA) in Saudi Arabia. Using advanced Machine Learning (ML) techniques, including Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), the study highlights the power of data fusion in addressing the limitations of standalone remote sensing methods. The integration of hyperspectral and multispectral data combines the spectral richness of hyperspectral imaging with the spatial …

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, Spring 2025, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Page 1 Dean's Message from Dr. Sen Subramanian
Page 2 Student Spotlights
Page 3 Kaushik honored, Three-Minute Thesis, & Ice Cores revealed
Page 4 Alumni Spotlight
Page 5 Day of Scholars
Page 6 Cyanide research, Record Research Expenditures, Adhikari awarded Miller Research Award
Page 8 Hanson Receives NSF Grant
Page 9 Snow Lab Research Team
Page 10 Faculty Awards
Page 11 Drone Day
Page 13 Khalaf Awarded Presidential Award

Detection Of Microplastics In The Hindgut Content Of Zophobasmoriolarvae, Zoey Drexler

Posters - 2025

Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution is a growing environmental concern, with potential impacts on soil ecosystems and the organisms within them. Insects play a crucial role in soil health, and their digestive processes may influence the fate of microplastics in terrestrial environments.

Detection of micro- and nano-plastic particles in complex mixtures such as soil, sediments, and feces is difficult because these small particles often resemble particles of mineral or organic materials. One way to visualize them more specifically is by using Nile Red, a stain which is a dull blue when in aqueous on hydrophilic conditions, but which fluoresces bright red …

Monitoring Sand Migration In Al Ain City Utilizing Remote Sensing Techniques, Sanad Salem Mohammad Fareaa

Theses

Sand migration significantly impacts urban development, infrastructure, and ecosystems in arid regions such as Al Ain city, United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study employs advanced remote sensing techniques to monitor and predict sand dune migration across the Sieh Al Hama dune field, a critical area west of Al Ain. The research objectives include quantifying dune migration rates over three years (2018–2020) using monthly Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, identifying distinct dune fields, and analyzing the textural and mineralogical properties of dune sediments to infer their provenance. Field sampling from four dunes (Large Sabra Dune, Dune 1, Dune 2, and Dune 3) was …

Exploring Biostimulant Efficacy Under Limited Fertilizer And Water In Utah's Watermelon Production, Evan Christensen, Milena Maria Tomaz De Oliveira, Prakriti Nepal, Youping Sun

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

The western U.S. has recently experienced some of the driest conditions on record, and Utah has been in a multi-year drought (2019-2023) that affected the agricultural sector, including vegetable producers. While vegetables are not a primary agricultural crop in Utah, they are still an important part of the horticultural economy with 763 farms growing 6,138 acres. As the fourth largest acreage vegetable crop in Utah (almost 10% of the acreage) watermelon and related crops in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae (nearly 36% of total vegetable acreage) are important to vegetable growers. Watermelon is a water-intensive crop and requires an adequate supply …

College Of Natural Sciences 2024 Year-End Publication, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Page 2 Dean's Message
Page 3 Department Highlights
Page 4 One Day for State
Page 5 New Students in Wecota
Page 6-8 Faculty Excellence
Page 9 SDSU Physics Students Recognized
Page 9 Prairie Doc Watch Party
Page 10-11 Student Excellence
Page 11 Connections Abroad
Page 12-13 CNS’s Research Centers
Page 14 Connections Abroad
Page 14 Dean Wolf-Hall Retired
Page 15 Outreach Program
Page 15 Events and Traditions
Page 16 Student Spotlight
Page 17 Alumni Spotlight
Page 18-19 SDSU Alum at Paris Paralympics
Page 20 Work Anniversaries & Programs

Parrotfeather (Myriophyllum Aquaticum): Biology And Management Options In Utah, Francielli S. De Oliveira

Spring Runoff Conference

Parrotfeather (Myriophyllum aquaticum)

• Invasive weed from South America.
• Heterophilic perennial dioecious plant (female in the US).
• Forms dense mats, blocks waterways, and outcompetes native species
• Spreads via rhizomes, stolons, and stem fragments.

Harvest Management And Regrowth Of Trifolium Alexandrinum, R E. Joost, J D. Mooso

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Adaptation of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) beyond the coastal regions of the southeastern United States was limited by a lack of cold tolerance prior to the release of 'Bigbee', a selection from a stand of 'Sacromonte' subjected to temperature of -15 and -18 Con successive nights in 1972. The release of Bigbee in 1985 expanded the range of berseem clover adaptation to include the entire Southeast, as far north as Oklahoma (Knight, 1985). It is known that annual clovers do not rely on root reserve carbohydrates, but rather on residual leaf area and rapid leaf regeneration from active …

Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (Pfas) Degradation In Water And Soil Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma (Cap): A Review, Victor Somtochukwu Mbanugo, Boluwatife Stephen Ojo, Ta Chun Lin, Yue-Wern Huang, Marek Locmelis, Daoru Han

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic chemicals found in numerous industrial applications and everyday products. The excessive amounts of PFASs in water and soil, together with their link to severe health issues, have prompted substantial public concerns, making their removal from the environment a necessity. Existing degradation techniques are frequently lacking due to their low efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and potential for secondary contamination. Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) technology has emerged as a promising alternative, utilizing energized reactive species to break down PFASs under ambient conditions. Therefore, this review examines the efficacy and effectiveness of CAP in degrading PFASs by …

Soil Health And Water Conservation, Tony Richards

Spring Runoff Conference

What are Healthy Soils? 

• Stable 
• Functional 
• Productive 
• Resilient 

Great Salt Lake Model Depletion, Katherine Wright

Spring Runoff Conference

When does water leasing make sense? Using New Information to Make Better Leases.

Lease, but only if it makes sense.

• Farmers have a legal right to use water on their farms for agriculture.
• Leasing might be a good economic decision for you, but not your neighbor.
• Leasing is voluntary, the purpose of this presentation is to explain the benefits of leasing and give you the information you need to decide if it is right for you. 

Tundra Recovery Post-Fire In The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, Leah K. Clayton, Kevin Schaefer, Elizabeth E. Hoy, Clayton D. Elder, Nancy H. F. French, Gerald V. Frost, Et.Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

The extent of wildfires in tundra ecosystems has dramatically increased since the turn of the 21st century due to climate change and the resulting amplified Arctic warming. We simultaneously studied the recovery of vegetation, subsurface soil moisture, and active layer thickness (ALT) post-fire in the permafrost-underlain uplands of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta in southwestern Alaska to understand the interaction between these factors and their potential implications. We used a space-for-time substitution methodology with 2017 Landsat 8 imagery and synthetic aperture radar products, along with 2016 field data, to analyze tundra recovery trajectories in areas burned from 1953 to 2017. We found …

An Edge Awareness-Enhanced Visual Slam Method For Underground Coal Mines, Mu Qi, Liang Xin, Guo Yuanjie, Wang Yuhao, Li Zhanli

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Underground coal mines commonly exhibit low illuminance, weak textures, and structuralization-induced feature degradation. These scenes lead to challenges of insufficient effective features and high mismatch rates to the visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system, severely compromising its localization accuracy and robustness. Methods This study proposed an edge awareness-enhanced visual SLAM method. First, an edge-awareness constrained low-illuminance image enhancement module was developed. Specifically, images with clear textures and uniform illumination were obtained using the Retinex algorithm optimized using an adaptive gradient-domain guided filter. This significantly improved feature extraction performance under low and uneven lighting conditions. Second, an edge awareness-enhanced …

Facies And Depositional Architecture Of Upper Miocene Tidal Flat Sedimentation In Kefalonia And Corfu Islands, West Greece, Nicolina Bourli, Chrysanthos Botziolis, Penelope Papadopoulou, Panagiotis Zelilidis, Elena Zoumpouli, George Iliopoulos, Angelos G. Maravelis, Efthymios Trypsanas, Ioannis Oikonomopoulos, Aristotelis Pagoulatos, Avraam Zelilidis

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This research involves the integrated sedimentological and paleontological analysis of the Neogene tidal deposits in the eastern parts of the Hellenic Fold and Thrust Belt, in South Kefalonia (Paliolinos-Avithos coast) and in NW Corfu (Arillas coast) islands. The study of tidal is supported by illustrative outcrop photographs, with a particular emphasis on two synthetic outcrops. Sedimentary logs were generated to document detailed bed-by-bed measurements, descriptions, and identification of sedimentary structures. Additionally, over 75 samples were chosen for age determination and paleoenvironmental analysis. Micropaleontological analysis encompassed 52 samples from South Kefalonia and 23 samples from NW Corfu and the results point …

Alternative Stones And Cleaning Efficiencies For Historical Building Stones Used In İstanbul (Türkiye), Ömer Ündül, Tuğçe Erözmen, Namik Aysal, Ahmet Güleç

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Historical buildings are important part of the common heritage of mankind. İstanbul comprises many historical buildings built by geo-materials. A limestone (named as Küfeki stone in the region) is one of the most widely used stone in and around the city since thousands of years. The durability, excavability and workability of the stone attract the usage of this stone. Besides the outcrops of the rock were very common. Unfortunately, nowadays quarries and outcrops of Küfeki stone are totally abandoned due to dense settlement. For this reason, replacement of damaged or polluted stone with the original stone is a hard task …

Designing A Cave Air Monitoring System: Guide And Feedback From 15 Years Of Monitoring The Cussac Cave (France), Nicolas Peyraube, Jessica D. Villanueva, Fabien Naessens, Roland Lastennet, Sylvain Mateo, Alain Denis

International Journal of Speleology

Understanding the cave’s ventilation system is important for determining how the cavity interacts with external airflow. This requires a well-designed monitoring system. This article addresses these key aspects: how to build a monitoring system for cave air parameters and how to assess the ventilation of a cave. We proposed a flowchart to help address the issues in: 1) the modularity of a monitoring system, 2) the use of “homemade device” or “ready to use device”, 3) the frequency of measure and its effect on the electrical consumption, 4) the duration of the survey, and 5) the accessibility of the recorded …

The Few-Nexus: Using Soil To Grow Meaning And Relevance In Undergraduate General Education Earth Science Courses, Katherine Mccarville

National Collaborative for Research on Food, Energy, and Water Education (NC-FEW)

Soils are central to human survival, through their critical roles in regulating water supplies and providing the medium for most agricultural productivity. Even as fewer and fewer students know where their water and food come from, and where their wastes go, soils tend to be under-emphasized in Earth science general education courses. Combining a place-based focus on soils with the FEW-Nexus model provides an integrating context for concepts and information that students sometimes perceive as disconnected and irrelevant to them. This approach can transform the experiences and learning of undergraduate students in the Earth science general education curriculum.

Refugium Amidst Ruins: Unearthing The Lost Flora That Escaped The End-Permian Mass Extinction, Huiping Peng, Wan Yang, Mingli Wan, Jun Liu, Feng Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Searching for land refugia becomes imperative for human survival during the hypothetical sixth mass extinction. Studying past comparable crises can offer insights, but there is no fossil evidence of diverse megafloral ecosystems surviving the largest Phanerozoic biodiversity crisis. Here, we investigated palynomorphs, plant, and tetrapod fossils from the Permian-Triassic South Taodonggou Section in Xinjiang, China. Our fossil records, calibrated by a high-resolution age model, reveal the presence of vibrant regional gymnospermous forests and fern fields, while marine organisms experienced mass extinction. This refugial vegetation was crucial for nourishing the substantial influx of surviving animals, thereby establishing a diverse terrestrial ecosystem …

Closing Ceremony Speech, S. Ray Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Soil Compaction And Novel Traffic Systems In Ryegrass Grown For Silage: Effects On Herbage Yield, Quality And Nitrogen Uptake, J T. Douglas, C E. Crawford

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grassland soils, on which the crop is managed for conser­vation as silage, receive large amounts of vehicle and machinery traffic : rolling and multiple slurry and fertilizers applications, plus multiple harvests, are all activities which are potentially damaging to soil and sward. A number of short-term studies in the UK (Frame, 1987 and Frost, 1988) and elsewhere (Luten and Roozeboom, 1976, and Rasmussen and M¢ller, 1981) have indicated that dry matter yield can be reduced as a consequence of stress imparted to soil by agricultural tyres. Nevertheless, there is a general lack of information on the influence of soil compaction …

Contribution Of Red Clover To Maize Grain Yields, K D. Johnson, D K. Greene, J H. Cherney

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Renewed emphasis has been placed on crop rotation systems that include a perennial legume. Reasons for this interest include protection of soil from erosion, protection of ground water from nitrate contamination, reduction of soil compac­tion, and potential for fewer inputs which could reduce costs of grain production. Barnes et al. (1985) reported that a nondormant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) selected for increased Nin the root and crown had similar summer herbage yield as adapted dormant cultivars, but provided 62 % more symbiotically fixed N for a following crop than dormant cultivars. If most benefit is to be derived from cultivars …

Analysis Of The Effect On N Nutrition On Dry Matter Yield Of A Sward By Reference To Potential Yield And Optimum N Content, G Lemaire, F Gastal, J Salette

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Previous work has shown that the N content of a sward could be related to the dry matter accumulation during the course of the regrowth by the following equation : N % = a(Wtb, where W is the weight of aboveground biomass and N % the N concentration of dry matter (Salette & Lemaire, 1981). The coefficient a represents the N % for an aerial biomass of I t/ha, and b characterizes the degree of dilution of N during the regrowth. When b = 0, N % remains constant during the regrowth. If b = I, there is an increase …

Nitrogen Fixation In Mixed Pastures Under Two Grazing Intensities, R O. Refi, C A. Navarro, C J. Escuder

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the Humid Pampa, 10 millions of ha present intrazonal hydromorphic alkaline soils with low P assimilable content and cyclic floods and droughts. Gramineous native ranges utilized for extensive cattle raising with low productivity levels occupy 70 % of the area. The lack of adapted legume and grass genotypes and little information about grazing management makes it difficult to increase production through implanted pastures due to their low persistence (Darwich and Gonzalez, 1982). To modify this situation an interdisciplinary study of four forage mixtures integrated by promising germplasm for that conditions was carried out. This paper is part of that …

Strategies Of Fertilizer Nitrogen Applications To Grassland For Beef: Effects On Production And Soil Mineral Nitrogen, N M. Titchen, R J. Wilkins, L Philipps, D Scholefield

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Experiments in Britain have shown beef production increases with fertilizer-N application to grazed grassland up to at least 300 kg N/ha (Wilkins et al., 1987; Baker and Mayne, 1988). However in view of the small offtake of N in the animal products (c.30 kg/ha) there is increased concern on the fate of the applied N, particularly in relation to loss of nitrate by leaching (Garwood and Ryden, 1986). This paper reports a 3-year experiment which examined the impact on production and on N movements of different strategies of fertilizer-N appli­cation and of the effects of removing grazing livestock at the …