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Upper Triassic (Norian-Rhaetian) New Thalamid Sponges From Northern Calabria (Southern Italy), Baba Senowbari-Daryan, Valeria Zamparelli

Studia UBB Geologia

Two new “sphinctozoan” sponges, Calabrisiphonella labyrinthica nov. gen., nov. sp. and Calabrispongia globosa nov. gen., nov. sp., are described from reef boulders derived from Triassic dolomites (“Dolomia principale“) of the Argentino valley in Northern Calabria (Southern Italy). Calabrisiphonella is an Amblysiphonella-type sponge characterized by having a complicated canal system (labyrinth-like) within the chamber walls. The structure of Calabrispongia is similar to some Paleozoic or Jurassic "Stromatoporoidea“, which are attributed to the sponges. The systemtic position of both sponges, described here, is discussed. The age of the sponge-bearing reefs represented in the boulders is Norian-Rhaetian.

Correlations Between The Air Pollution And The Rainfall Composition In Jiului Valley Area, Eugen Traistă, MăDăLina Ionică, Vlad Codrea, Ovidiu Barbu

Studia UBB Geologia

Rainfall composition is conditional on the air quality. If the air is polluted, the rainfall will be also polluted. In fact, rainfall contains the same compounds like the air as nitrites, nitrates, sulphites, sulphates, ammonia etc. Some cations like calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium are present in rainfall because of dust. This paper presents the air qualities and the soil composition influenced by the rainfall in one of the most polluted mining areas from our country, Jiului Valley.

The First Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Dinosaur Footprints From Transylvania (Romania), Matei Vremir, Vlad A. Codrea

Studia UBB Geologia

An Uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) site exposing dinosaur footprints is reported from the Sebes̡ area (Transylvanian Depression). This is the first dinoturbated layer discovered in our country, containing also numerous bones belonging to various dinosaurs. The track-site is located near Lancrăm village and provides only two quite well preserved footprints (one track). The medium sized (FL = 23,3 cm; FW = 17,8 cm; pace = 103 cm; ST = 200 cm) plantigrad-tridactyle footprints belong to Ornithopedoidei, according to their morphology. An assignment to the Iguanodontichnus CASAMIQUELA & FASOLA, 1968 group seems to be appropriate (tentatively, associated to the “Rhabdodon” iguanodontian dinosaur). …

Ecological Safety Of The Carpathian Region As A Process Of Oil And Gas Complexes Functioning, Georgiy Rudko

Studia UBB Geologia

There have been considered the main ecological problems of Western Ukraine and changes of geological environment under the influence of oil and gas complexes functioning. Ecochemical investigations of the environment give us a possibility to reveal the areas with abnormal hydrocarbon concentration in the near-surface layers and in ground waters. On the basis of the investigation results there have been worked out organizational, technological and environmental measures to eliminate pollution or to reduce its negative influence on geological environment.

A Revision Of The Rona Member, Vlad A. Codrea, Emanoil SăSăRan

Studia UBB Geologia

Lacustrine deposits occurring in the Jibou Formation (Late Maastrichtian – Lutetian) were mentioned in the Rona village area since the first half of the 19th century. Hungarian and Romanian geologists also carried out several researches in the last century, referring to the so-call “Rona Limestone” or “Rona Member”. In the last years, new outcrops resulted as a consequence of works made for the Botanical Garden at Jibou, adding details concerning mainly the base of the lacustrine succession. The new geological section from Jibou Botanical Garden should complete the old stratotype of the "Rona Limestone”, as a hypostratotype.

Contributions On The Mineralogy Of The Corund Carbonate Deposit, Tóth Attila

Studia UBB Geologia

The carbonate deposit with aragonitic aspect from Corund (Harghita county) is the result of post-volcanic phenomena, and it is deposited from salty bicarbonatic springs. Mineralogically it consists of calcite, magnesium calcite and aragonite. Most of the calcite layers are in fact paramorphoses after aragonite, fact revealed by the diagenetic processes.

Implications Resulting From The Study Of The Fluid Inclusions In The Shear Zone-Type Gold Mineralization From Bozovici (Banat) And Somesul Rece (Gilau Mountains), Vasile PomâRleanu, Ioan MâRza

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper presents the results of a study on fluid inclusions (petrography, chemistry, Th, Td) from the gold-containing quartz in the shear zone – type mineralizations from Bozovici (Banat) and Some¿ul Rece (Gil¾u Mountains). Four types of fluid inclusions were identified: A – aqueous, AS – aqueous with efflorescences and crystals of nahcolite, C – monophasic and biphasic containing CO2, and AC – aqueous solutions with CO2. Microthermometry (Th and Td) indicated homogenisation temperatures of nahcolite between 136-2600 C, total homogenisation temperatures of 283-3900 C, and a maximum temperature (Td) between 380-4200 C. The molar content of the CO2/H2O ratio …

Arenite Concretions With Axial Channel From The Badenian Deposits Of Cheia (Turda) - A New Type Of Concretions, Ioan Mârza, Ciprian Constantina, Horea PâRlea

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper introduces a new type of arenite concretions (max. 40-50 cm in diameter). Spheroidal concretions with an axial cylindrical channel (1-6 cm in diameter) resulted from the levigation of the concretion centre consisting of soft fusiform clasts with a clayey-carbonate composition. The concretions are hosted by a level of Badenian sandstones and microconglomerates (about 10-m thick) which occur in the place called “Groapa cu Piersici” (Cheia, Turda).

Middle Miocene (Badenian) Conidae From Lapugiu De Sus, Romania: Systematical And Palaeoecological Data, Carmen Chira, Ileana Voia

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper presents in synthesis the conids from Lăpugiu de Sus, especially those which are preserved in the collections of Palaeontology-Stratigraphy Museum of the Babeş-Bolyai University. Conids, carnivorous gastropods who lived in shallow waters from neritic zones, in warm seas, respectivelly subtropical to tropical, with a normal salinity, have been the most diversified gastropods at Lăpugiu de Sus during the Middle Miocene (Badenian). There are also species which could tolerate slight decreasing of salinity such as Conus (Conolithus) dujardini brezinae. It was remarked that the conids from Lăpugiu de Sus lived in the conditions of shore-offshore zones where the temperature …

Genesis Of Magmatic Derived Ore Deposits. 4 – Hydrothermal Metallogeny (Geneza Zăcămintelor De Origine Magmatică. 4 – Metalogenia Hidrotermală); A Şti Sau A Nu Şti. Adevărurile Vieţii Lui Emil Racoviţă, CăLin G. TăMas̡, Bogdan Petroniu Onac

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Heavy Metal Soil Content As An Indicator Of Pollution, Ana-Maria Rusu, William Dubbin, Nicolae Har, Katalin Bartok, William Purvis, Ben Williamson

Studia UBB Geologia

Two soil sample series were collected from 7 contaminated sites situated along a transect from the pollutant source, Zlatna copper ore-processing plant, and analyzed using different analytical methods. The soils collected in 1998 were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) after extraction with DTPA for trace metals and those collected in 1999 were analyzed with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) following two acid digestion procedures. The DTPA extraction procedure produced lower results than the acid digestions. Also, the pH values for all samples was measured and the results obtained during autumn compared with those in spring after a …

New Data Concerning Mn Bearing Minerals From Rosia Montana, Metaliferi Mountains, Romania, Marcel Benea, Laurent Bailly, CăLin G. TăMaș

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper gives new evidences on some mineral species from Romanian epithermal ore deposits. Microprobe analyses were used to identify the chemical composition of gangue and alteration minerals from Roşia Montană gold deposit. Special attention was given to rhodonite, rhodochrosite, and adularia.

Major Elements Geochemistry Of The Breiner Baiut Ore Deposit (Gutai Mountains, Eastern Carpathians), Dan Costin

Studia UBB Geologia

The Breiner Băiuţ epithermal vein – type deposit is basically a base metal ore body with important amounts of gold and silver. The frequency distribution pattern of the major elements (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Cu, S) is complex in many cases, but at some mining levels it is lognormal. The correlation coefficient "r" has been calculated for six pairs of major elements. The values are positive and indicate strong correlations between these elements. The average grades values for each major element at all levels have been used to highlight the vertical variation of chemistry of the mineralization. The ore body …

Geologic And Isotopic Models For The Carpathian Crystalline Evolution, Ioan Coriolan Balintoni

Studia UBB Geologia

The majority of Carpathian metamorphics protoliths have TDM model Sm/Nd ages between 1.6 and 2.0 Ga. This suggests an important episode of continental crust formation after the 2.0 Ga. The Biharia lithogroup (Apuseni Mountains) and the Tulghes lithogroup (East Carpathians) furnished Zircon U/Pb ages from metagranitoids and acid metavolcanics, respective, around 500 Ma; this is a sign of existence of some Lower Proterozoic protoliths among Carpathian metamorphics. The bimodal intrusions which are piercing the volcano-sedimentary sequence of Paiuseni lithogroup in Highiş Massif (Apuseni Mountains) have given Permian ages on Zircon U/Pb data. The Paiuseni lithogroup probably represents the fill of …

14 Rainfall Prediction Using Teleconnection Patterns Through The Application Of Artificial Neural Networks, Gholam Abbas Fallah-Ghalhari

Modern Climatology

All aspects of human life are, directly or indirectly, affected by climatic processes. This effect is especially noticeable in such fields as agriculture, irrigation, economy, telecommunications, transportation, traffic, air pollution and military industries (Haltiner & Williams 1980). A number of researchers have studied the possibility of forecasting rainfall several months in advance using climate indices such as SOI, PDOI and NPI (e.g. Silverman and Dracup 2000). A well-known atmospheric phenomenon is the Southern Oscillation (SO). The SO is an atmospheric see-saw process in the tropical Pacific sea level pressure between the eastern and western hemispheres associated with the El Niño …

10 Cenozoic Climatic Record For Monsoonal Rainfall Over The Indian Region, Mohan Kuppusamy, Prosenjit Ghosh

Modern Climatology

Atmospheric carbon dioxide level is one of the major drivers responsible for the global temperature change (Lacis et al., 2010). The role of carbon dioxide as an important greenhouse gas, and its contribution towards regulation of global surface temperature has been recognized for over a century (Arrhenius, 1896; Chamberlin, 1899; Royer, 2006). The ice core records along with other proxy based records provides an evidence signifying a strong coupling between CO2 and global temperature for at least the last ~65 m.y. (million years) (Petit et al., 1999; Siegenthaler et al., 2005, Zachos et al., 2001). The intensification of convective hydrological …

Modern Climatology - Full Text, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, Robert R. Gillies

Modern Climatology

Climatology, the study of climate, is no longer regarded as a single discipline that treats climate as something that fluctuates only within the unchanging boundaries described by historical statistics. The field has recognized that climate is something that changes continually under the influence of physical and biological forces and so, cannot be understood in isolation but rather, is one that includes diverse scientific disciplines that play their role in understanding a highly complex coupled “whole system” that is the Earth’s climate. The modern era of climatology is echoed in this book. On the one hand it offers a broad synoptic …

Response Of A Carbonate Platform To The Cenomanian-Turonian Drowning And Oae 2: A Case Study From The Adriatic Platform (Dalmatia, Croatia), Tvrtko Korbar, B. Glumac, Blanka Cvetko Tesovic, Sarah B. Cadieux

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

Global perturbations during the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (CTB) interval and the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2) represent one of the most extensively studied past environmental changes. To explore the response of various carbonate-platform depositional systems to such major environmental perturbations, strata of the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform (sensu stricto) from the island of Bracˇ (Adriatic Sea, Croatia) provide excellent exposures and a previously well-established Upper Cretaceous lithostratigraphic framework. Within this context, this study integrated lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and chemostratigraphy to describe a drowned-platform succession underlain and overlain by peritidal carbonates. Carbon-isotope stratigraphy of this succession revealed a shift towards positive d13C …

Geochemical And Strontium Isotope Characterization Of Produced Waters From Marcellus Shale Natural Gas Extraction, Elizabeth C. Chapman, Rosemary C. Capo, Brian W. Stewart, Carl S. Kirby, Richard W. Hammack, Karl T. Schroeder, Harry M. Edenborn

Faculty Journal Articles

Extraction of natural gas by hydraulic fracturing of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale, a major gas-bearing unit in the Appalachian Basin, results in significant quantities of produced water containing high total dissolved solids (TDS). We carried out a strontium (Sr) isotope investigation to determine the utility of Sr isotopes in identifying and quantifying the interaction of Marcellus Formation produced waters with other waters in the Appalachian Basin in the event of an accidental release, and to provide information about the source of the dissolved solids. Strontium isotopic ratios of Marcellus produced waters collected over a geographic range of ∼375 km …

The Response Of Calcareous Nannofossil Communities To Environmental Variation During The Late Middle Eocene At Blake Nose, Western North Atlantic, Odp Leg 171b, Johnathon P. Kell

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Ocean Drilling Program Leg 171B Hole 1051B penetrated a continuous sequence of upper middle Eocene pelagic sediment dominated by rich calcareous nannofossil assemblages. Samples were taken at 10 cm spacing from a 20.2 meter section of the upper middle Eocene. This interval of pelagic sediment had previously been interpreted to represent ~500ky. Our revised age model, using additional data, indicates this section represents ~842ky.

The Eocene Epoch was characterized by one of the most dramatic climatic transitions in the last 65 my, changing the greenhouse earth of the early Eocene to the icehouse world of early Oligocene. Here changes in …

Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon Reflects A Processed Soil Fraction That Is Sensitive To Management, Steven W. Culman, Sieglinde S. Snapp, Mark A. Freeman, Meagan E. Schipanksi, Josh Beniston, Rattan Lal, Laurie E. Drinkwater, Alan J. Franzluebbers, Jerry D. Glover, A. Stuart Grandy, Juhwan Lee, Johan Six, Jude E. Maul, Steven B. Mirsky, John T. Spargo, Michelle M. Wander

Faculty Publications

Permanganate oxidizable C (POXC; i.e., active C) is a relatively new method that can quantify labile soil C rapidly and inexpensively. Despite limited reports of positive correlations with particulate organic C (POC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and other soil C fractions, little is known about what soil fractions POXC most closely reflects. We measured POXC across a wide range of soil types, ecosystems, and geographic areas (12 studies, 53 total sites, n = 1379) to: (i) determine the relationship between POXC and POC, MBC and soil organic C (SOC) fractions, and (ii) determine the relative sensitivity of POXC as a …

Processing Quality Of Potato Tubers Produced During Autumn And Spring And Stored At Different Temperatures, Sergio T. De Freitas, Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira, Ana Cecilia S. Gomez, Auri Brackmann, Fernando Nicoloso, Dilson A. Bisognin

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The objective of this work was to access processing quality of potato clones (Solanum tuberosum) Asterix, SMINIA793101-3, and Missaukee cultivated during spring and autumn growing seasons and stored at 4, 8, 12, or 25ºC. Clones grown in spring had shorter dormancy than clones grown in autumn. Potato tubers grown in spring and autumn and stored at 4ºC, as well as tubers grown in autumn and stored at 8ºC had no sprouting for six months. Among clones grown in autumn, the longest dormancy period during storage at 12ºC was observed in the clone SMINIA793101-3, and at 25ºC was in the clone …

Evolution Of The Earliest Horses Driven By Climate Change In The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Ross Secord, Jonathan I. Bloch, Stephen G. B. Chester, Doug M. Boyer, Aaron R. Wood, Scott L. Wing, Mary J. Kraus, Francesca A. Mcinerney, John Krigbaum

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Body size plays a critical role in mammalian ecology and physiology. Previous research has shown that many mammals became smaller during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), but the timing and magnitude of that change relative to climate change have been unclear. A high-resolution record of continental climate and equid body size change shows a directional size decrease of ~30% over the first ~130,000 years of the PETM, followed by a ~76% increase in the recovery phase of the PETM. These size changes are negatively correlated with temperature inferred from oxygen isotopes in mammal teeth and were probably driven by shifts …

Coupling Of Fog And Marine Microbial Content In The Near-Shore Coastal Environment, M. E. Ducker, Gregory D. O'Mullan, K. C. Weathers, A. R. Juhl, M. Uriarte

Publications and Research

Microbes in the atmosphere (microbial aerosols) play an important role in climate and provide an ecological and biogeochemical connection between oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial environments. However, the sources and environmental factors controlling the concentration, diversity, transport, and viability of microbial aerosols are poorly understood. This study examined culturable microbial aerosols from a coastal environment in Maine (USA) and determined the effect of onshore wind speed and fog presence on deposition rate, source, and community composition. During fog events with low onshore winds (

The Ecology Of Pulse Events: Insights From An Extreme Climatic Event In A Polar Desert Ecosystem, U. N. Nielsen, D. H. Wall, B. J. Adams, R. A. Virginia

Dartmouth Scholarship

Climate change is occurring globally, with wide ranging impacts on organisms and ecosystems alike. While most studies focus on increases in mean temperatures and changes in precipitation, there is growing evidence that an increase in extreme events may be particularly important to altering ecosystem structure and function. During extreme events organisms encounter environmental conditions well beyond the range normally experienced. Such conditions may cause rapid changes in community composition and ecosystem states. We present the impact of an extreme pulse event (a flood) on soil communities in an Antarctic polar desert. Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, is dominated by large …

Hydrologic And Microclimate Characterizations Of Thornton’S Cave, West-Central Florida (Usa), Dorien K. Mcgee

Studia UBB Geologia

A cave’s environment is controlled by a suite of factors unique to the environments in which they formed, including, but not limited to, regional geologic and climate settings. These factors collectively owe to wide variations in cave biology, geomorphology and overall speleogenesis. This report combines local climate, hydrologic, and CO₂ data collected over the course of a two-year study at Thornton’s Cave, a partially-flooded cave in the West-Central Florida karst belt, to characterize its current environment and yield insight regarding how changes in regional climate and hydrology impact its past and future speleogenesis. Data loggers continuously monitoring cave and …

A Comprehensive Method For Fractionating Soil Organic Matter Not Protected And Protected From Decomposition By Physical And Chemical Mechanisms, César Plaza, José M. Fernández, Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira, Alfredo Polo

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The objective of this work was to describe a method for isolating meaningful and measurable soil organic matter (SOM) pools that differ in the mechanisms by which they are protected from decomposition. The proposed method is appropriate for soil C stabilization and sequestration studies. Unlike previous fractionation schemes, this procedure allows free SOM located between aggregates (unprotected C pool) and SOM occluded within both macroaggregates and microaggregates (C weakly and strongly protected by physical mechanisms, respectively) to be recovered separately, freed from the soil mineral matrix and the mineral-associated SOM pool (C pool protected by chemical mechanisms) and thus well …

Evolution Of The Lake Titicaca Basin And Its Diatom Flora Over The Last ~ 370,000 Years, Sherilyn C. Fritz, P. A. Baker, Pedro M. Tapia, Trisha L. Spanbauer, Karlyn S. Westover

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

In recent years, deep drilling undertaken as part of the International Continental Drilling Program has generated multiple long lacustrine sedimentary records to reconstruct continental paleoclimate. In many cases, the tectonic and geomorphic history of these basins is under-constrained and poorly known, which affects the interpretation of climate history from geophysical, geochemical, and paleobiotic proxies in the sedimentary record. In addition, non-analog biotic assemblages that reflect evolutionary processes may constrain the reconstruction of past environments. In the drill-core record of Lake Titicaca, spanning the last ~ 370 ka, the diatom stratigraphy reflects both the influence of climate and the longterm evolution …

The Importance Of Craniofacial Sutures In Biomechanical Finite Element Models Of The Domestic Pig, Jen A. Bright

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Craniofacial sutures are a ubiquitous feature of the vertebrate skull. Previous experimental work has shown that bone strain magnitudes and orientations often vary when moving from one bone to another, across a craniofacial suture. This has led to the hypothesis that craniofacial sutures act to modify the strain environment of the skull, possibly as a mode of dissipating high stresses generated during feeding or impact. This study tests the hypothesis that the introduction of craniofacial sutures into finite element (FE) models of a modern domestic pig skull would improve model accuracy compared to a model without sutures. This allowed the …

Some Biogeographers, Evolutionists And Ecologists: Chrono-Biographical Sketches, Charles H. Smith, Joshua Woleben, Carubie Rodgers

DLPS Faculty Publications

Each name in the following list of naturalists is linked to a corresponding capsule "chrono-biographical" sketch of that individual prepared by the authors. Coverage extends from approximately 1950 backward in time as far as the eighteenth century; figures from all over the world are included (though there is admittedly a decided Anglo-American bias). The target subject here is biogeography, but this being a broad field there are many persons on the list who are better known as climatologists, zoologists, botanists, ecologists, oceanographers, paleontologists, etc.--in other words, who made their main reputations in cognate disciplines.

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