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Rimforest Landslides, San Bernardino Mountains, Southern California, David L. Hanson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The highly visible erosional scars near the crest of the San Bernardino Mountains just east of Strawberry Peak near the community of Rimforest are active landslides. From at least the 1920's to 1988 the primary activity has been mass wasting by rockfall in highly fractured quartz monzonite. Tension cracks in the adjacent area indicate that active landsliding may be spreading. Landsliding in this area had its origin most likely with the uplift of the San Bernardino Mountains and has continued with periods of active movement associated with heavy precipitation and seismic activity separated by long periods of dormancy. The geomorphology …

Leg 101--An Overview, James A. Austin Jr., Wolfgang Schlager, Amanda A. Palmer, Paul A. Comet, André Droxler, Gregor Eberli, Eric Fourcade, Raymond Freeman-Lynde, Craig S. Fulthorpe, Gill Harwood, Gerhard Kuhn, Dawn Lavoie, Mark Leckie, Allan J. Melillo, Arthur Moore, Henry T. Mullins, Christian Ravenne, William W. Sager, Peter Swart, Joost W. Verbeek, David K. Watkins, Colin Williams

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

During Leg 101, the inaugural leg of the Ocean Drilling Program, the JOIDES Resolution drilled 19 holes at 11 sites in the Bahamas. Grids of high-resolution seismic profiles provided information crucial for both site selection and regional stratigraphic interpretations. The first major scientific objective was to understand the long-term evolution of the bank-and-basin pattern that currently characterizes the Bahamas archipelago. Drilling and seismic surveys have indicated considerable platform expansion and retreat rather than stationary upward growth. Upbuilding in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous was followed by drowning and retreat in the mid-Cretaceous and by renewed expansion in the Cenozoic. At Site …

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of Rangelands In The Ashburton River Catchment, Western Australia, A A. Mitchell, A L. Payne, W F. Holman

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Ashburton River catchment, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1976 and 1978, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed …

Ua66/8/2 Report, Wku Center For Cave & Karst Studies

WKU Administration Documents

Report regarding history and activities of the WKU Center for Cave & Karst Studies from 1976 to 1987.

The Nebraska Agricultural Climate Situation Committee, R. E. Neild, K. G. Hubbard, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

The Nebraska Agricultural Climate Situation Committee consisting of an interdisciplinary group of extension specialists provides up-to-date information and advice on seasonal changes in crop/ weather conditions. The committee meets each Monday during the growing season to review:

1. Maps and tabular data developed by a computer program CIS /Crop Weather Information System/ that is linked to a network of weather stations and computer terminals in county agent offices.

2. Insect, plant disease and weed surveys.

3. Weekly weather and crop reports from the State/Federal System.

4. Weather outlooks from the National Weather Service.

5. Climate probabilities.

Situation reports and advisories …

Paleontological Results From Ocean Drilling Program Leg 101, David K. Watkins, Eric Fourcade, R. Mark Leckie, Allan J. Melillo, Amanda A. Palmer, Joost W. Verbeek, Jacques Butterlin, Renée Damotte, Claude Guernet, Edwige Masure, Michael J. Moran

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Leg 101 of the Ocean Drilling Program recovered Albian through Holocene sediments from a variety of carbonate depositional environments. Data from four microplanktonic groups (calcareous nannofossils, planktonic foraminifers, radiolarians, and dinoflagellates) and four benthic groups (larger foraminifers, smaller benthic foraminifers, ostracodes, and sponge spicules) yield a biostratigraphic and paleoecologic framework for these varied sediments. Winnowed, skeletal-planktonic foraminiferal packstones and grainstones from the central Straits of Florida (Site 626) reflect a late Oligocene to Holocene history of sporadic sedimentation greatly influenced by strong bottom-current activity. Neogene to Quaternary sediments from two carbonate-slope transects (Sites 627 to 633) indicate significant slope accretion …

Interbasin Water Transfers: An Appropriate Management Practice For The Great Lakes?, David M. Krentz

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Regional water deficiencies exist in North America, and proposals have been advanced to ‘correct’ these by transferring water from regions where it is relatively abundant to regions where it is relatively scarce. Many of these proposals identify the Great Lakes as either a potential source of the water, or as a ‘distribution centre’ into which water may be transferred and subsequently removed to regions experiencing deficiencies. Although the Great Lakes contain a very large amount of fresh water, most of it is required in place, and so many not be removed. The Great Lakes Basin is heavily populated and highly …

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 16, 1987-1988, Department Of Geography-Geology

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography-Geology

The Onset Of Spring Melt In First-Year Ice Regions Of The Arctic As Determined From Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer Data For 1979 And 1980, Mark R. Anderson

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Sea ice ablation is an important physical process affecting the global climate system. During the Arctic melt season, rapid changes occur in both sea ice surface conditions and the extent of ice. These changes alter the albedo and vary the surface energy budget. Understanding variations in Arctic sea ice is critical for global climate studies. This paper investigates the spring onset of melt in the Arctic seasonal sea ice zone through analysis of melt signatures derived from Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer data. Satellite-derived melt signatures, determined by 18- and 37-GHz vertical brightness temperatures, are associated with the initial …

Classifying Oregon Lake-Watershed Ecosystems For Regional Water Resources Assessment, Randall Alan Jones

Dissertations and Theses

Natural lake-watershed ecosystems in Oregon compose a diverse and valuable assemblage of land and water resources. With an increasing demand on lakes for recreation, water supplies, and aesthetic values and an increase in available data on Oregon lake systems, there is a need for applicable and timely scientific water management information about lake conditions statewide. This thesis is an attempt to summarize some of the data collected on natural Oregon lake-watershed ecosystems.

The purpose of the thesis is to identify the most typical natural systems out of an initial data base of twenty-four variables, measured over ninety-eight lake-watershed ecosystems. The …

Geomorphic Character, Age And Distribution Of Rock Glaciers In The Olympic Mountains, Washington, Steven Paul Welter

Dissertations and Theses

Rock glaciers are tongue-shaped or lobate masses of rock debris which occur below cliffs and talus in many alpine regions. They are best developed in continental alpine climates where it is cold enough to preserve a core or matrix of ice within the rock mass but insufficiently snowy to produce true glaciers. Previous reports have identified and briefly described several rock glaciers in the Olympic Mountains, Washington, but no detailed integrative study has been made regarding the geomorphic character, age, and distribution of these features.

The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, surface sediment fabric analysis and relative and …

Nitrate Pollution Of Ground Water In Glacial Sediments Underlying A Fertigated Site In Kalamazoo County, Michigan, Michael Wireman

Masters Theses

In the central part of Schoolcraft Township high yield corn crops are successfully grown on soils developed on permeable outwash deposits. The high yields are made possible with the utilization of modern irrigation techniques and regular application of nitrogen fertilizer.

Excess nitrogen which moves past the root zone is easily converted to nitrate and leached to the shallow ground water. Water quality data from 103 ground-water samples in the vicinity of a 160-acre corn field in Section 11 clearly indicate that nitrate concentrations in the ground water beneath the field and beneath the area immediately downgradient from the field are …

Lithologic Controls On Karst Groundwater Flow, Lost River Groundwater Basin, Warren County, Kentucky, Christopher Groves

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The Lost River Groundwater Drainage Basin in Warren County, Kentucky, is a karst drainage system encompassing 55 square miles (143 square kilometers) developed within the Mississippian St. Louis and Ste. Genevieve Limestones. Near the contact between these two formations are two bedded chert units, the Lost River Chert Bed (Elrod, 1899) within the Ste. Genevieve and the Corydon Chert Member (Woodson, 1983) of the St. Louis, which appear to be perching layers to shallow karst groundwater flow. Groundwater may be seen flowing on top of these beds in various cave streams and at swallets and springs throughout the basin.

In …

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of Rangelands In The Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia, A L. Payne, G F. Spencer, P J. Curry

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Carnarvon Basin, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1980 and 1982, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed covers …

Ua66/8/3 Annual Report, Wku Geography & Geology

WKU Administration Documents

Annual report created by and about WKU Geography & Geology. Table of contents is mis-numbered.

Seepage Interceptor Drains And Topsoil Salinity, T R. Negus

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Department of Agriculture established 121 trials in its Narrogin advisory district starting in 1972 to measure the effect of bulldozer and grader built seepage interceptor banks and drains on the topsoil salinity of the land downslope of them.

After 14 years of moniterin, there was no evidence that seepage interceptor drains and banks reduced the top soil salinity on 10 of the 11 sites in the Pingelly, Brookton and Wickepin Shires.

A Hydrogeologic Study Of The Local Groundwater Flow System At Osmond, Ne, Jonathan Alix

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Stable Isotope Compositions Of Fossil Mollusks From Southern California: Evidence For A Cool Last Interglacial Ocean, Daniel R. Muhs, T. Kurtis Kyser

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Stable isotope compositions have been determined for modem mullusks and fossil mollusks collected from uplied marine terraces at three l d t i e s in southern California. By using a paleocliatic model that decouples the temperature and ice-volume signals in ocean water, ocean-water temperatures off southern California are estimated to have been -3.8 °C at ~85 ka, -3.0 °C at ~107 ka, and -2.2 °C at ~125 ka relative to present temperature. These results indicate rather cool conditions during the peak of the last interglacial stage at 125 ka and conflict with results from terrace faunal studies that suggest …

Coral Reef To Eolianite Transition In The Pleistocene Rocks Of Great Inagua, Bahamas, Brian White, H. Allen Curran

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

Great Inagua Island, the southernmost of the chain of Bahamian islands, lies approximately 100 km northeast of the eastern tip of Cuba. This paper reports the results of reconnaissance geologic field work conducted on Great Inagua Island in January, 1985, and of more detailed observations made in January, 1986, near Matthew Town, between South West Point and Devil's Point.

Botanical Evidence For Holocene Movement Of Rock Streams In Arkansas, S. Marie Lookingbill, Malcolm K. Cleaveland, Margaret J. Guccione

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Botanical studies of rock streams on the western half of Rich Mountain and on the north slope of Mt. Magazine in Arkansas question the common presumption that such streams require periglacial conditions to form, and are now inactive relict features in this area. Trees along the margins of the streams examined show abundant evidence of trauma resulting from Late Holocene movement, in the form of bent and tilted stems. Cross sections of trees demonstrate marked eccentric growth associated with tilting and cambial trauma associated with corrasion by rocks. That this damage is not the result of excessive snow loading is …

Genesis Of Marine Terrace Soils, Barbados, West Indies: Evidence From Mineralogy And Geochemistry, Daniel R. Muhs, Russell C. Crittenden, John N. Rosholt, Charles A. Bush, Kathleen C. Stewart

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Well-developed, clay-rich soils dominated by interstratified kaolinite-smectite are found on the uplifted coral reef terraces on the island of Barbados. The reef limestone is unlikely to have been the soil parent material however, because it is 98 per cent CaCO, and geomorphic evidence argues against the 20 m of reef solution required to produce the soils by this process. The mineralogy of the sand, silt, and clay fractions of the soils, and trace element geochemistry, suggest that aeolian materials carried on the trade winds from Africa, volcanic ash from the island of St. Vincent, and quartz from Tertiary bedrock on …

The Effect Of Particle Size On Phosphate Adsorption By Fluvial Sediment, Michael F.A. Stone

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The quantitative phosphate adsorption behaviour of ten grain size fractions of an experimental sediment (silica sand) and fluvial sediment from two Southwestern Ontario rivers, were evaluated and compared to determine the effect of particle size on phosphate absorption. In addition, the elemental composition of grain size fractions of fluvial sediment were determined by X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry to study the combined effect of particle size and sediment geochemical composition on phosphate adsorption. Results of the adsorption studies indicate that phosphate adsorption per unit mass increases in non-linear fashion with decreasing grain size. The capacity of grain size fractions of silica sand …

Carbonate Surface Solution In The Classical Karst, Franco Cucchi, Fabio Forti, Furio Finocchiaro

International Journal of Speleology

The current research on the dissolution of carbonate rocks in the Karst of Trieste indicates that the average degradation of surfaces exposed to atmospheric agents is 0.028 mm/year with an average rainfall of 1350 mm. The maximum levels (0.031 mm/year) correspond to micro-crystalline limestones, the minimum values (0.014 mm/year) to dolomites.

Irrigation Water Use In Southern Ontario, Kenneth Iain Macdonald

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The appreciation of water as a finite resource has engendered a renewed research interest in producing effective water management policies and practices in order to reduce both current and potential demands on existing reserves. Unfortunately, such research, especially in the humid regions of North America, has concentrated on water use in urban areas and has neglected the use of water in irrigation agriculture; even though irrigation is a major consumptive use of water in many localized areas. In addition, research has been dominated by physical, technological and economic viewpoints at the expense of an understanding of the human element in …

Glacial Deposits, Vol. 15, 1986-1987, Department Of Geography-Geology

Glacial Deposits

Newsletter of the Department of Geography-Geology

Les Mésaventures Des Sources De L'Estavelle Et De L'Inversac En Languedoc Méditerranéen, Bernard Gèze

International Journal of Speleology

The Estavelle and the Inversac are two celebrated springs in the Mediterranean Languedoc (South of France). Unfortunately, the first one has been chosen as a type for the karstic cavities alternatively absorbing or discharging the waters, according to the season, which has never been the case. On the opposite, the second one can be taken as model for this alternation as swallow hole or emergence.

Paleoenvironmental Data For N. W. Georgia, U.S.A., From Fossils In Cave Speleothems, George A. Brook, Eugene P. Keferl, Rudy J. Nickmann

International Journal of Speleology

Pollen grains and gastropod shells in two speleothems from Red Spider Cave, Georgia indicate that ca. 10,000 yr B.P. the vegetation near the cave was Mixed Mesophytic Forest. Conditions were cooler and moister than today and a shallow pond existed in the doline above the cave. As these findings support palynologic evidence from nearby pond sites it is clear that cave speleothems are a potential source of paleoecological data to ca. 350,000 yr. B.P.

Relationships Between The Internal And External Evolution Of The Monte Cucco Karst Complex, Umbria, Central Italy, Fausto Guzzetti

International Journal of Speleology

The relationships between the internal and external evolution of the Mt. Cucco karst complex are studied. A classic set of equations, involving the oxidation of hydrogen sulphide, originated at depth in an evaporitic formation, is used to explain the presence of massive gypsum deposits in the Mt. Cucco and the Faggeto Tondo caves. The distribution and the morphology of more than 30 caves in the system, the presence of gypsum, always located along faults, and the presence of broken stalactites and columns, suggest that the evolution of the karst system has been controlled by tectonic movements. Relationships between the development …

Mechanisms Responsible For Sinkhole Flooding On An Urbanized Karst Terrain: South Sunrise / Media Drive, Bowling Green, Kentucky, Thomas Feeney

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Sinkhole flooding on the urban karst area of Bowling Green, Kentucky, was studied by investigating past flood events in the South Sunrise/Media Drive Sinkhole. The actual flood levels of four floods were compared to levels calculated by an empirical runoff determination method. Outflow capacity tests and dye tracing revealed the nature of drainage within the karst depression.

The Soil Conservation Service runoff determination method and the three-hour maximum rainfall event were used to estimate the level of flooding. Three of the four flood events studied provided deviations between the actual and calculated flood levels of less than 0.26 feet (0.08 …

Land Use In The Amazon: Soil Erosion, Sedimentation, And The Samuel Dam, Doug H. Graham

Peer Reviewed Articles

Doug Graham received a M.A. in Geography in December of 1986. This paper is a summary of his thesis entitled "The Samuel Dam: Land Use, Soil Erosion, and Sedimentation in Amazonia." Graham conducted field research in Brazil during the Summer of 1985, with funding from the Tinker Foundation and the Amazon Research and Training Program. His immediate plans are to continue his training in Geography at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.