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Articles 61 - 90 of 9400
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Biological Performance And Efficient Utilization Of Artificial And Natural Grassland Areas In The Valleys And Mountainous Regions Of The Western Part Of Northern Tien Shan, N I. Zakharev, A A. Atabaev, L A. Golovina, L V. Koverga, N G. Kotysheva, I P. Lazarev, N S. Sotnikova, N N. Sycheva
The Biological Performance And Efficient Utilization Of Artificial And Natural Grassland Areas In The Valleys And Mountainous Regions Of The Western Part Of Northern Tien Shan, N I. Zakharev, A A. Atabaev, L A. Golovina, L V. Koverga, N G. Kotysheva, I P. Lazarev, N S. Sotnikova, N N. Sycheva
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Investigations over several years and numerous experiments • carried .. out under different aspects and in different geographical zones revealed the fundamentally new importance of perennial legume/grass mixtures under intensive cultivation and utilization. The intensive utilization of young plants in several cuts and cycles at a high level of agrotechnics allows to obtain high yields of best-quality green material that can be fed fresh or used for producing feeds of high biological value, especially in regard to the protein, carotene, and phosphorus contents. Intensive cultivation and utilization of legume/grass mixtures allows by different technologies to produce feeds of high value …
Studies Into Uses Of Natural Nardus Stricta L. Pastures, Totyu Totev, Konstantin Koev
Studies Into Uses Of Natural Nardus Stricta L. Pastures, Totyu Totev, Konstantin Koev
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Experiments were conducted over four consecutive years, with the view to comparing controlled and unrestricted grazing by sheep. Controlled grazing was found to help increasing the green matter yield by 13.3 % and the hay yield by 12.5 %. The actual yield levels resulting from controlled grazing exceeded those obtained after unrestricted grazing by 32.5 % for green matter and by 31.5 % for hay. The utilization coefficient for green matter was higher by 12.5 %- A controlled grazing regime increased the consumption of real forage plants, such as Agrostis vulgaris, Festuca rubra V. Fallax, and Deschamps1a flexuosa, whereas forb …
Utilization Of Soil In Northern Latitudes, Vasil Ivanovich Ustinov
Utilization Of Soil In Northern Latitudes, Vasil Ivanovich Ustinov
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
About half of the territory of the Soviet Union is located in the Far North and in regions with similar conditions, including the vast lands of the tundra and forest tundra as well as the various subzones of the taiga. More than 500 million hectares are considered as forage-bearing land: grazing for reindeer and other farm animals, hay land, and potential arable land. Many scientists believe that up to 5 million head of reindeer may be kept grazing these lands. In recent times, great attention has been paid to the rearing of horses, elks, and muskoxes in northern latitudes. Measures …
Flood Adaptation And Productivity Of Savanna Grasses, E Gonzalez Jimenez, A Escobar
Flood Adaptation And Productivity Of Savanna Grasses, E Gonzalez Jimenez, A Escobar
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Savannas subjected to seasonal flooding occupy· vast areas of the Tropics. Above-ground biomass values for Venezuelan flooded savannas are high and related to the longer availability of water. C3 plants colonized the waterlogged unit and showed the highest productivity and nutritive value. This natural system permits a prolonged grazing season. These first results show the great potential for animal production of this ecosystem, stressing the need for coordinated research efforts in order to gain a better understanding of it.
Nitrogen Status Of A Shortgrass Prairie, Pasture Ecosystem, Robert G. Woodmansee, Jerrold L. Dodd, Rudolph A. Bowman, Charles E. Dickinson
Nitrogen Status Of A Shortgrass Prairie, Pasture Ecosystem, Robert G. Woodmansee, Jerrold L. Dodd, Rudolph A. Bowman, Charles E. Dickinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nitrogen was partitioned among soil organic matter, living and dead plant material, microorganisms, above-ground and below-ground animals, and mineral N in a shortgrass prairie, pasture ecosystem in eastern Colorado, USA Soil organic matter contained the largest amount of N (89.5 %), and dead plant material contained 6.8 % of the total N in the system. Living organisms contained 3.4 % of the N in the ecosystem. Mineral N accounted for 0.2 %. Less than 1.0 % of the N in the system was located above ground. The amount of N immobilized in animals was small.
Synergistic Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi And Foliar Nitrogen–Phosphorus Application On Maize Productivity Under Irrigated And Rainfed Conditions, Mst. Lailatul Ferdows, Saima Biswas, Mizanur Rahman, F. M.Jamil Uddin, Md. Nayan, Aporna Tabassum Api, Mohaiminul Islam, Nadia Islam, Swapan Kumar Paul, Md. Harun Rashid
Synergistic Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi And Foliar Nitrogen–Phosphorus Application On Maize Productivity Under Irrigated And Rainfed Conditions, Mst. Lailatul Ferdows, Saima Biswas, Mizanur Rahman, F. M.Jamil Uddin, Md. Nayan, Aporna Tabassum Api, Mohaiminul Islam, Nadia Islam, Swapan Kumar Paul, Md. Harun Rashid
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and foliar supplementation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the performance of maize (Zea mays L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The experiment followed a randomised complete block design with two levels of AMF (inoculated and non-inoculated) and four foliar treatments (no N and P, N only, P only, and combined N + P). The recommended dose of fertiliser (RDF) was applied as a soil application to all treatments. AMF inoculation significantly increased grain yield …
Evaluation Of Quality Factors In Warm Season Forages, Warren G. Monson, Gkenn W. Burton, Wayne W. Hanna
Evaluation Of Quality Factors In Warm Season Forages, Warren G. Monson, Gkenn W. Burton, Wayne W. Hanna
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Improved forage quality is a feasible objective. Coastcross-1 bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., selected for high dry matter digestibility, has consistently enhanced the performance of the animals consuming it. Variation in quality factors of other species, particularly Paspalum notatum var. Saurae Parodi and Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum., makes it possible to improve digestibility. Pearl millet varieties with improved animalproduction potential have been developed and released for farmer use. The varieties have been selected for higher digestibility and short stature, with reduced stem fractions. The assessment of the digestion of fresh forage permits evaluation of the effects of other factors, …
Study Of The Dynamics Of Flowering, Protein And Fibre Content In Varieties Of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) In Cuba, C M. Puentes, A Mujica, A Hernandez
Study Of The Dynamics Of Flowering, Protein And Fibre Content In Varieties Of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) In Cuba, C M. Puentes, A Mujica, A Hernandez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The search of sources of protein for animal feeding is a very important task the world over. Grasses are the most important sources for animal feeding in the Tropics, their protein and mineral contents are generally low due, among other causes, to climatic conditions. This aspect is a limiting factor in dairy cows. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) is a tropical plant with high contents of protein and minerals. It was observed in fields of kenaf sown for fibre purposes that cattle entering these fields ate the plants with pleasure. The work was aimed at studying the dynamics of biological …
Intra-Specific Variation Within Trifoliuni Repens L. In Relation To The Early Spring And Late Autumn Growth Of Upland And Marginal Pastures, John H. Ollerenshaw, Willaim S. Stewart, Raad H. Baker
Intra-Specific Variation Within Trifoliuni Repens L. In Relation To The Early Spring And Late Autumn Growth Of Upland And Marginal Pastures, John H. Ollerenshaw, Willaim S. Stewart, Raad H. Baker
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
There is an urgent need for a better understanding of the biology of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to improve grassland production in temperate and other regions of the world. Cultivars of this legume are required which can compete with and provide atmospherically fixed N for associated grasses in late autumn and early spring. Such cultivars would also improve the quality of the animal diet during these periods of the year. We have collected populations of white clover from northern maritime regions, some of which appear to be frost hardy and adapted to growth at low temperatures. These populations …
Grazing Values Of The Boreal Forest And Tundra Regions, William L. Pringle
Grazing Values Of The Boreal Forest And Tundra Regions, William L. Pringle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing values of the Boreal forest and tundra regions of our world offer a tremendous future potential for the production of red meat. One of the only means we have of efficiently utilizing our northern lands is by grazing animals -that are able to forage over extensive areas. The Boreal forest and tundra biomes of the world occupy about 2. 3 billion ha. This area is equal to 85 % of the total potential arable area of the earth's surface. By far the largest portion occurs in the U.S.S.R. which has 1.2 billion ha of forest and 321 million ha …
The Importance Of Ley Farming For Improving The Forage Basis Of Tropical Africa, V A. Oyenuga
The Importance Of Ley Farming For Improving The Forage Basis Of Tropical Africa, V A. Oyenuga
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The concept and practice of including shortduration pasture mixtures or leys in agricultural rotations, particularly for intensive livestock production, are of recent development in tropical Africa. Although mixed farming -the keeping of animals for farm work, producing farmyard manure for the maintenance of soil fertility, and rearing of dairy cows to produce milk for household use - was first introduced as an organized system of settled farming in Nigeria in 1922, intensive animal husbandry, based on intensively maintained pasture mixtures, be it on a small or large scale, is still in the process of widespread development in many parts of …
Management Of Arid Pastures, Cyrus M. Mckell, Don D. Dwyer
Management Of Arid Pastures, Cyrus M. Mckell, Don D. Dwyer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Arid pasture, natural grazing land, or rangeland are synonymous terms used to describe the extensive areas of open, non-cultivated arid lands over which domestic livestock and wildlife roam in search of feed. These lands are characteristically low in productivity and if managed, the level of management is extensive and based on ecological principles. The term rangeland originated in the United States of America and is gradually gaining usage in other countries to differentiate between intensively managed pastures of humid and sub-humid regions, and the open steppes, deserts, shrublands and dry non-commercial forested lands which, in addition to grazing, provide nonconsumptive …
New Objectives And Modern Methods Of Forage Grass Breeding In The German Democratic Republic, Heinrich Baudis
New Objectives And Modern Methods Of Forage Grass Breeding In The German Democratic Republic, Heinrich Baudis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objectives of forage grass breeding in the GDR are derived from the social development processes which, in socialist agriculture, find their expression in further intensification, concentration and spezialization of plant and animal production. New aspects which have been recognized only recently, for example, positive response to intensification measures, suitability for industrialized production methods, increased yield stability and improved quality in addition to a higher yielding potential, have the decisive say in the breeding targets. The most important traits and properties from the breeder's point of view are dealt with in detail. Explanations on practical breeding work and on some …
Possibilities Of Dry Matter Production From Forage Plants Under Different Climatic Conditions, Th Alberda
Possibilities Of Dry Matter Production From Forage Plants Under Different Climatic Conditions, Th Alberda
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
On the basis of the gross photosynthesis of closed green grass swards the net potential dry herbage production of permanent pastures is calculated for the climatic and soil conditions for the so-called broad soil regions and summarized per continent. The values thus obtained form the upper level of dry herbage production to be reached on the prevailing permanent pasture area. Subsequently the minimum level of dry herbage production is calculated, based on data on the production of marketed secondary products as meat and milk. Since not all these secondary products are marketed and since not all the herbage produced is …
Influence Of Feeding On Health And Productivity Of Ruminants, Alexander Sommer
Influence Of Feeding On Health And Productivity Of Ruminants, Alexander Sommer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
As to the utilization of plant matter not suited for direct consumption by man, ruminants are of outstanding importance. This fact is related with the function of their specific stomach system. The paper discusses the microbial protein synthesis from NPN compounds. When 50 per cent of digestible crude protein required by fattening cattle were replaced, daily live weight gains of 997 g were reached; beef quality was not affected. Similarly favourable results were obtained with dairy cows when replacing by NPN compounds 50 to 100 per cent of extracted meals. Further on, the problem of crude-fibre digestion in connection with …
Elemental Analysis Of Upper Devonian To Lower Mississippian Organic-Rich Mudstone Cores From Kentucky By Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (Pxrf), Alex M. Washburn
Elemental Analysis Of Upper Devonian To Lower Mississippian Organic-Rich Mudstone Cores From Kentucky By Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (Pxrf), Alex M. Washburn
KGS Research Data Set
This dataset contains high-density portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) elemental analyses of 1,867 m (6,125 ft) of Upper Devonian to Lower Mississippian organic-rich mudstone cores from Kentucky. Analyses were collected from cores across the Illinois Basin, Cincinnati Arch, and Appalachian Basin to support regional evaluation of elemental variability, chemostratigraphy, and redox-sensitive trace-metal enrichment in Devonian–Mississippian mudstone successions. All measurements were conducted using a Bruker Tracer 5 pXRF analyzer with the factory “Mudrock Air” calibration, using analytical settings optimized for both low-atomic-number elements and transition metals/redox-sensitive trace elements. Reference materials SARM-41 and SGR-1 were analyzed throughout the analytical sequence to monitor instrument …
Soil Moisture Regime Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In A Native Tallgrass Prairie In The Ozark Highlands, Thomas William Dockery
Soil Moisture Regime Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In A Native Tallgrass Prairie In The Ozark Highlands, Thomas William Dockery
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Ozark Highlands is an ecoregion in the mid-southern portion of the United States that is characterized by a mosaic of tallgrass prairies, oak (Quercus spp.) savannas, and oak-hickory (Carya spp.) forests, which represents a unique biophysical transition zone between the relatively dry grasslands of the west and the humid forests of the southeast. Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, namely carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), from natural, undisturbed ecosystems is critical to understanding atmospheric warming and climate-change implications. The objective of this study was to simultaneously evaluate CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions in an aquic and …
An Emergent Seafood Nationalism Takes Hold In The United States, Owen Temby
An Emergent Seafood Nationalism Takes Hold In The United States, Owen Temby
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
This paper introduces the concept of ‘seafood nationalism’ to describe how, since 2024–2025, the United States increasingly uses tariffs, trade remedies, food safety enforcement and origin-based rules to favour American seafood over foreign products. Federal actions include Executive Order 14276, Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness, which directs agencies to address unfair trade practices, unsafe imports and to develop a coordinated seafood trade strategy. Additional measures include a tariff package imposing a 10% duty on nearly all seafood imports and 30% on seafood from China, as well as new anti-dumping and countervailing duty orders on warm-water shrimp. This paper presents Gulf …
Instructions To Authors, Academy Editors
Instructions To Authors, Academy Editors
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Multiple Nuclear Configurations And Microtubular Arrangements In Spermatozoa Of The Western Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S. E. Trauth
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
I examined the ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the Western Siren, Siren nettingi, using transmission electron microscopy. My primary objective in this study was to elucidate, for the first time, the unique morphological complexity of biflagellated sperm in this species. This study also represents my fifth addition in a series of investigations that highlight the novel nature of all aspects of spermatogenesis in this salamander I show the basic sperm transverse and sagittal design which includes a nucleus, 2 axial fibers supporting 2 undulating membranes which have 2 axonemes residing at their terminal ends, several circular mitochondria, and several electron-dense masses. …
Binucleation And Seasonal Cycle Of Sertoli Cells In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S. E. Trauth
Binucleation And Seasonal Cycle Of Sertoli Cells In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S. E. Trauth
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
I examined binucleation and the seasonal cycle of Sertoli cells in the Western Siren (Siren nettingi) using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. My primary objective in this study was to report, for the first time, the presence of double nuclei in Sertoli cells in a salamander. This study also represents the sixth contribution in a series of investigations that highlight the novel nature of all aspects of spermatogenesis in this unique salamander. My findings add to a growing list of extraordinary morphological and reproductive features that distinguish this salamander from all other vertebrates.
Distal Urogenital Anatomy And Epithelial Morphology In The Male Eastern Narrow-Mouthed Frog, Gastrophryne Carolinensis (Anura: Microhylidae), S. E. Trauth
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
I investigated the microanatomy of the distal urogenital system in male Eastern Narrow-Mouthed Frogs (Gastrophryne carolinensis) from a small sample (n = 5) collected in central Arkansas in April, May, and July (2021) and May 2022. Specifically, my primary goals were to elucidate the histology of the following: (1) the paired Wolffian (urogenital) ducts caudally from the kidneys to their merging with the urodeum of the cloaca, (2) the structure of seminal vesicles, and (3) the epithelial morphologies among the distal urogenital tract, the posterior alimentary canal, and the cloaca. My histological analysis confirmed the presence of …
The Soil Crisis In Modern Food Systems: Rethinking Agricultural Land Use, Antonia Moure Richard
The Soil Crisis In Modern Food Systems: Rethinking Agricultural Land Use, Antonia Moure Richard
Journal of Food Law & Policy
Feeding a larger world while preserving the resource that makes agriculture possible—soil—poses a governance problem. By 2050, food systems must support 9.8 billion people even as prevailing practices continue to degrade soils that are non-renewable on human timescales. Technological fixes (e.g., vertical farming, hydroponics) may complement production, but they cannot substitute for soil at scale. The question that follows is simple: are current uses of soil compatible with the future needs of food systems? This article argues that without a shift in governance, short-run productivity gains are achieved by drawing down the soil asset, thereby undermining long-run food security and …
Impact On Energy Budgets In Grassland Production And Conservation Of Possible Production Of Energy From Biomass Crops, R J. Wilkins
Impact On Energy Budgets In Grassland Production And Conservation Of Possible Production Of Energy From Biomass Crops, R J. Wilkins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
There is commonly a conflict between output/unit of area of land and output/unit of support-energy (SE) input. The possibility of using a proportion of the total land area for biomass energy production suggests an approach for calculating grassland output/ha unconfounded with differences in SE input. Output can be calculated for an area of land that is devoted to grassland and biomass energy crops in proportions that result in a net demand for SE of zero. Outputs of utilized metabolizable energy (UME) are related to inputs of SE for (1) grazed grass with high application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and (2) …
Efficiency Of Dairying Under Contrasting Feeding And Management Systems In North America, Israel, Europe, And New Zealand, J.D. J. Scott
Efficiency Of Dairying Under Contrasting Feeding And Management Systems In North America, Israel, Europe, And New Zealand, J.D. J. Scott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Four different systems of feeding and managing dairy cattle are seen in major milk-producing countries. These are (1) feeding purchased roughages and concentrates to zero-grazed, intensively penned cows; (2) home growing of roughages and most concentrates for zero-grazed animals; (3) feeding concentrates with conserved pasture and other roughages in winter and reduced concentrates to grazed cattle in spring-summer; and (4) feeding cattle on grazed pasture and conserved pasture throughout the year. The following data on the four systems were obtained from examples in southern California, Wisconsin, England/Wales, and New Zealand. Average fat-corrected milk (FCM)/cow is approximately 7,140, 5,300, 4,670, and …
Potential Contribution Of White Clover To The Economics And Support-Energy Inputs Of Grass-Based Beef-Production Systems, T A. Stewart, R E. Haycock, A S. Laidlaw
Potential Contribution Of White Clover To The Economics And Support-Energy Inputs Of Grass-Based Beef-Production Systems, T A. Stewart, R E. Haycock, A S. Laidlaw
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Biological output, gross margins, and efficiency of support-energy usage in an 18-month beef-production system on grass-white clover swards receiving either 50 kg N/ha stocked at 3.3 head/ha (low N) or 300 kg N/ha stocked 4.5 head/ha (high N) were compared. To date, two production cycles (1977-1979 and 1978-1980) at two sites have been completed. Mean live-weight and carcass gains/ha were, respectively, 17.5% and 14% higher from the high-N than from the low-N system. Gross margin/head was higher from the high-N system in the first production cycle but not in the second. In the low-N system as com· pared with the …
An Evaluation Of The Black Walnut- Tall Fescue Pasture-Management System, H E. Garrett, W B. Kurtz
An Evaluation Of The Black Walnut- Tall Fescue Pasture-Management System, H E. Garrett, W B. Kurtz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The economic and biological feasibility. of a black walnut-livestock-grazing multicropping-management regime bas been evaluated for comparison with a similar livestock-management regime conducted in the open. Pure tall fescue plots were established under open and black walnut-shade conditions. Forage yields on a dry-weight basis were estimated for a 3-year period. A concurrent grazing trial was coducted on similar sites using 1.2-ha plots. Black walnut seedlings were planted within the plots on a 3 x 12-m spacing and protected from grazing animals by electric fencing. The economic analyses of the alternate grazing systems were based on their respective present net worth and …
Economic Analysis Of The Impact Of Management Decisions On Production And Use Of Silage For A Dairy Enterprise, A J. Corrall, H D. St. C Neal, I M. Wilkinson
Economic Analysis Of The Impact Of Management Decisions On Production And Use Of Silage For A Dairy Enterprise, A J. Corrall, H D. St. C Neal, I M. Wilkinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this work was to examine the influence of variations in grass management and methods of ensiling on the economics of milk production for autumn-calving cows. A simulation model was developed to combine knowledge of plant and animal responses and their interactions in order to calculate the effects of management options on economic balances. Input data were compiled for herbage production from cutting strategies that gave herbage at four digestibilities, at two levels of applied nitrogen, and in three climates. Experimental evidence was also collated to construct matrices of loss of dry matter and changes in digestibility and …
Effective Training For International Students, G W. Thomas
Effective Training For International Students, G W. Thomas
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The observations made in this paper are based upon contacts with international students, both in the U.S. and in many other countries. Two of the most serious problems in increasing world food production in the developing world are (1) lack of trained people, and (2) technology transfer. A third constraint, inadequate research, is also critical but not of the magnitude of the other two, since there is a great amount of research information available that is not being adequately ut:ilized. Training needs fall into two general categories in which deficiencies are obvious: (1) graduate-level programs, particularly in the applied fields …
West Virginia University Allegheny Highlands Project: A Ten-Year Experiment In Technology Transfer, B S. Baker, P E. Lewis, E K. Inskeep, R H. Maxwell
West Virginia University Allegheny Highlands Project: A Ten-Year Experiment In Technology Transfer, B S. Baker, P E. Lewis, E K. Inskeep, R H. Maxwell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
West Virginia's livestock industry is characterized by relatively small units located predominantly on rough terrain not suited to highly mechanized or intensive agriculture. As a result of changes in West Virginia agriculture during the last 40 years, there has been a reduction in support from agribusiness, marketing alternatives, and profitability. Some agriculturalists contend that if present technology were adopted, beef and sheep farms in mountainous regions could be profitable and could contribute to the local economy. The objective of the Allegheny Highlands Project (AHP) was to test the effectiveness of a method for delivering technological information to farmers to promote …