Digital Commons Network^™

Feasibility Of Pevonedistat Combined With Azacitidine, Fludarabine, Cytarabine In Pediatric Relapsed/Refractory Aml: Results From Cog Advl1712, Katherine Tarlock, Xiaowei Liu, Charles G Minard, Emasenyie A Isikwei, Joel M Reid, Terzah M Horton, Elizabeth Fox, Brenda J Weigel, Todd Cooper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background:

Outcomes for children with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are poor and new therapies are needed. Pevonedistat is an inhibitor of the NEDD-8 activating enzyme, a key regulator of the ubiquitin proteasome system that is responsible for protein turnover, with protein degradation regulating cell growth and survival.

Procedure:

We evaluated the feasibility, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of pevonedistat (20 mg/m² days 1, 3, 5) in combination with azacitidine, fludarabine, cytarabine (aza-FLA) in children with R/R AML and MDS (NCT03813147). Twelve patients were enrolled, median age was 13 years (range 1-21). Median …

Trajectories Of Egfr And Risk Of Albuminuria In Youth With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From The Today Cohort Study, Laure El Ghormli, Hui Wen, Diane Uschner, Morey W Haymond, Kara S Hughan, Katherine Kutney, Lori Laffel, Sherida E Tollefsen, Elia N Escaname, Jane Lynch, Petter Bjornstad, Today Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: We conducted exploratory analyses to identify distinct trajectories of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and their relationship with hyperfiltration, subsequent rapid eGFR decline, and albuminuria in participants with youth-onset type 2 diabetes enrolled in the Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study.

METHODS: Annual serum creatinine, cystatin C, urine albumin, and creatinine measurements were obtained from 377 participants followed for ≥ 10 years. Albuminuria and eGFR were calculated. Hyperfiltration peak is the greatest eGFR inflection point during follow-up. Latent class modeling was applied to identify distinct eGFR trajectories.

RESULTS: At baseline, participants' mean age …

Rehydration Rates And Outcomes In Overweight Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Kathleen M Brown, Nicole S Glaser, Julie K Mcmanemy, Andrew Depiero, Lise E Nigrovic, Kimberly S Quayle, Michael J Stoner, Jeff E Schunk, Jennifer L Trainor, Leah Tzimenatos, Arleta Rewers, Sage R Myers, Maria Y Kwok, Simona Ghetti, T Charles Casper, Cody S Olsen, Nathan Kuppermann, Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Diabetic Ketoacidosis Fluid Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Fluid Therapies Under Investigation in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) (FLUID) Trial found that rapid fluid infusion does not increase the risk of cerebral injury. Concern persists, however, whether fluid rates should be adjusted for overweight or obese patients. We used the FLUID Trial database to evaluate associations between fluid infusion rate and outcomes in these patients.

METHODS: We compared children and youth who were overweight, obese, or normal weight, in regard to protocol adherence, mental status changes, time to DKA resolution, and electrolyte abnormalities. We investigated associations between outcomes and the …

Nutrition Assessment And Mash Severity In Children Using The Healthy Eating Index, Ajay Kumar Jain, Paula Buchannan, Katherine P Yates, Patricia Belt, Jeffrey B Schwimmer, Philip Rosenthal, Karen F Murray, Jean P Molleston, Ann Scheimann, Stavra A Xanthakos, Cynthia A Behling, Paula Hertel, Jamie Nilson, Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri, James Tonascia, Miriam B Vos, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network (Nash Crn)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Pediatric metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a global health problem, with lifestyle modification as its major therapeutic strategy. Rigorous characterization of dietary content on MAFLD in children is lacking. We hypothesized an objectively measured healthier diet would positively modulate MAFLD.

METHODS: Diet was assessed using the Nutrition Data System for Research in children enrolled from 10 tertiary clinical centers to determine the Healthy Eating Index (HEI, 0-100) and individual food components.

RESULTS: In all, 119 children were included (13.3 ± 2.7 y), 80 (67%) male, 67 (18%) White, and 90 (76%) Hispanic, with an average body mass index …

Serum Biomarkers Of Nociceptive And Neuropathic Pain In Chronic Pancreatitis, Jami L Saloman, Yan Li, Kimberly Stello, Wenhao Li, Shuang Li, Anna Evans Phillips, Kristen Hall, Evan L Fogel, Santhi Swaroop Vege, Liang Li, Dana K Andersen, William E Fisher, Christopher E Forsmark, Phil A Hart, Stephen J Pandol, Walter G Park, Mark D Topazian, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Jose Serrano, Darwin L Conwell, Dhiraj Yadav, Consortium For The Study Of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, And Pancreatic Cancer (Cpdpc)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Debilitating abdominal pain is a common symptom affecting most patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). There are multiple underlying mechanisms that contribute to CP-related pain, which makes successful treatment difficult. The identification of biomarkers for subtypes of pain could provide viable targets for nonopioid interventions and the development of mechanistic approaches to pain management in CP. Nineteen inflammation- and nociception-associated proteins were measured in serum collected from 358 subjects with definite CP enrolled in PROspective Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis for EpidEmiologic and Translational StuDies, a prospective observational study of pancreatitis in US adult subjects. First, serum levels of putative biomarkers were …

Nonsense Variant Prdm16-Q187x Causes Impaired Myocardial Development And Tgf-Β Signaling Resulting In Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy In Humans And Mice, Bo Sun, Omid M T Rouzbehani, Ryan J Kramer, Rajeshwary Ghosh, Robin M Perelli, Sage Atkins, Amir Nima Fatahian, Kathryn Davis, Marta W Szulik, Michael A Goodman, Marissa A Hathaway, Ellenor Chi, Tarah A Word, Hari Tunuguntla, Susan W Denfield, Xander H T Wehrens, Kevin J Whitehead, Hala Y Abdelnasser, Junco S Warren, Mingfu Wu, Sarah Franklin, Sihem Boudina, Andrew P Landstrom

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: PRDM16 plays a role in myocardial development through TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) signaling. Recent evidence suggests that loss of PRDM16 expression is associated with cardiomyopathy development in mice, although its role in human cardiomyopathy development is unclear. This study aims to determine the impact of PRDM16 loss-of-function variants on cardiomyopathy in humans.

METHODS: Individuals with PRDM16 variants were identified and consented. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were generated from a proband hosting a Q187X nonsense variant as an in vitro model and underwent proliferative and transcriptional analyses. CRISPR-mediated knock-in mouse model hosting the Prdm16Q187X allele was generated …

Promoting Mammography Screenings In African American Women: Media, Church, And Health Providers, Lasonya Little, Debra C. Wallace, K.Jay Poole

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Due to the underutilization of screening mammography, African American women (AAW) are more likely to experience negative health outcomes after receiving a late-stage breast cancer diagnosis than White Women (WW). The purpose of this article is to examine the roles of the media, health community and the African American church and pastor and their potential impact in AAW screening decisions. Fifteen AAW, ages 45 and older, were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Most women agreed the African American pastor and church as well as the health community, and media are an integral part of their lives. Therefore, specific …

Race/Socioeconomic Status And Covid-19: A Narrative Review, Olubunmi Oladunjoye, Akinwale Akingbule, Adebola Omogunwa, Logan Lawson, Anthony Donato

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Background: COVID-19 infection has resulted in more than 620 million infections and 6.6 million deaths. Since the pandemic, many articles have been published on socioeconomic and racial disparities in COVID-19 infection and its outcomes. This article aims to review the impact of race and socioeconomic status on COVID-19 infection and vice versa.

Findings: Most studies showed an increase in COVID infections and hospitalizations in communities of color, with some showing higher mortality rates while others did not. Social determinants, including insurance and care access, food security, housing security appear to have worsened over the same period for these …

Weight Gain And Weight Loss Attempts Among People With Hiv(Pwh) In Louisiana, Lauren Richey, Jonathan Schroeder, Kyle Mistretta, Hui-Yi Lin, Connie Arnold, David Welsh, John Apolzan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Infectious Diseases Week, IDWeek 2023, October 11 - 15, 2023, Boston, MA

Precision Recruitment And Engagement Of Individuals At Risk For Diabetes And Hypertension In Clinical Trials (Predhict): A Randomized Trial For An E-Persuasive Mobile Application To Inform Decision Making About Clinical Trials, Azizi Seixas, Shannique Richards, Jesse Q Moore, Chigozirim Izeogu, Laronda A Hollimon, Peng Jin, Girardin Jean-Louis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The primary objective of this randomized trial was to test the effectiveness of the PREDHiCT digital application, which provides educational and supportive navigation to increase willingness to participate in a future clinical trial. The second objective was to test whether PREDHiCT increased clinical trial literacy or enhanced psychological facilitators of clinical trial participation, such as altruism. To test these two objectives, we conducted a 1-month remote decentralized trial with 100 participants who either have a personal or family history of cardiometabolic health conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Results indicated significant changes in altruism (mean: -2.94 vs. 0.83;

Improving Blood Pressure In Adults 65 Years And Older Via Weekly Telehealth Coaching, Janet Bathini

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Hypertension is a significant modifiable risk factor for CVD and is on the rise with advancing age. The management at the VA hospital's GEC clinic acknowledged the importance of managing HTN in veterans to lower their CVD risk and were open to implementing EBP to enhance HTN management.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In the primary care setting, in older adults > 65 years with BP > 140/90 (P), does weekly telehealth coaching (I) compared to no telehealth coaching (C), decrease their BP (O) over a 6-week period (T)?

Evidence: The evidence that guided this project …

Evidence-Based Intervention For Decreasing Chronic Kidney Progression In Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Lynn M. Johnson

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The overall management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM II) and the complications that accompany along with comorbidities are debilitating and financially exhausting. The American Diabetes Association dietary recommends a consistent low-carbohydrate diet to maintain optimal blood glucose levels to prevent complications and progression of other comorbidities. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus leads to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which can lead to the progression to End Stage Renal Disease.

PICOT: In patients in the outpatient setting aged 18 years and older(P), how does the ADA dietary guidelines for patients with type II DM(I) compared with patients self-reported …

The Role Of Vitamin D In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Vedolizumab, Bincy P Abraham, Christopher Fan, Theresa Thurston, Joshua Moskow, Hoda M Malaty

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Many clinical factors can contribute to the efficacy of medical therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). We assessed their effects on the efficacy of vedolizumab therapy in a cohort of patients with IBD.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on patients between 18 and 80 years of age with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) who were seen in the IBD program at Houston Methodist in Houston, TX and treated with vedolizumab for at least 6 months from 2018 to 2022. We investigated factors prior to the initiation of therapy that best predicted treatment response, with an emphasis …

Dietary Analysis For Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis: An Integrative Review, Evan Thompson, Alison Hultquist

Master of Science in Nursing Final Projects

Abstract

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is the leading cause of primary hypothyroidism in the United States. In HT, there is an infiltration by lymphocytes which leads to the production of autoantibodies against the thyroid gland. Throughout this integrative review, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation and dietary management as adjunct treatments in HT. The purpose was to assist primary care providers in the development of a more holistic plan of care. Literature published within the past seven years was gathered and reviewed from PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. Findings indicate that many patients with HT may benefit …

Pmca Screening Of Retropharyngeal Lymph Nodes In White-Tailed Deer And Comparisons With Elisa And Ihc, Rebeca Benavente, J Hunter Reed, Mitch Lockwood, Rodrigo Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease affecting cervids. CWD diagnosis is conducted through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Unfortunately, these techniques have limited sensitivity against the biomarker (CWD-prions). Two in vitro prion amplification techniques, real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) and protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), have shown promise in detecting CWD-prions in tissues and bodily fluids. Recent studies have demonstrated that RT-QuIC yields similar results compared to ELISA and IHC. Here, we analyzed 1003 retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) from Texas white-tailed deer. PMCA detected CWD at a higher rate compared to ELISA/IHC, identified …

Associations Between Birth Defects With Neural Crest Cell Origins And Pediatric Embryonal Tumors, Eugene C Wong, Philip J Lupo, Tania A Desrosiers, Hazel B Nichols, Susan M Smith, Charles Poole, Mark Canfield, Charles Shumate, Tiffany M Chambers, Jeremy M Schraw, Wendy N Nembhard, Mahsa M Yazdy, Eirini Nestoridi, Amanda E Janitz, Andrew F Olshan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: There are few assessments evaluating associations between birth defects with neural crest cell developmental origins (BDNCOs) and embryonal tumors, which are characterized by undifferentiated cells having a molecular profile similar to neural crest cells. The effect of BDNCOs on embryonal tumors was estimated to explore potential shared etiologic pathways and genetic origins.

METHODS: With the use of a multistate, registry-linkage cohort study, BDNCO-embryonal tumor associations were evaluated by generating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with Cox regression models. BDNCOs consisted of ear, face, and neck defects, Hirschsprung disease, and a selection of congenital heart defects. Embryonal …

The Role Of Noncoding Rnas In Pancreatic Birth Defects, Ziyue Zoey Yang, Ronald J Parchem

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. However, such therapies are currently unavailable in the clinic. The developmental gene regulatory network underlying pancreatic development must be reactivated for in vivo regeneration and recapitulated in vitro for cell replacement therapy. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic development will pave the way for regenerative therapies. Pancreatic progenitor cells are the precursors of all pancreatic cells which use epigenetic changes …

“Cost-Effective Markers To Identify Metabolically Healthy/Unhealthy Individuals And Their Future Risk For Cardiovascular Disorders”, Shobha C Ramachandra, Akila Prashant, Akshitha Shivanna, Ananth Koushik Bhujanga, Syeda Meherunnisa, Prashant Vishwanath

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: With the rising prevalence of metabolically healthy obese, it becomes essential to identify markers to differentiate them from metabolically unhealthy obese and their future risk for cardiovascular disorders (CVD). The study aims to identify suitable markers for risk stratification of metabolically healthy/unhealthy individuals and their risk for CVD. Method: Total 84 individuals aged 18-60 years of age without any comorbidities were enrolled. Their demographic details along with anthropometric measurements were noted. The biochemical parameters like fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, and serum adipokines were estimated. Insulin resistance (IR) markers and atherogenic indices were calculated. The data were analyzed on …

Mechanisms And Treatment Options For Hyperthyroid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review, Robert M. Branstetter 4th, Rahib K. Islam, Collin A. Toups, Amanda N. Parra, Zachary Lee, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Normal thyroid hormone levels are crucial for the homeostasis of many metabolic cycles and processes throughout the human body. Thyroid dysfunction, such as thyrotoxicosis, can result from many different etiologies, including Graves' disease (GD), toxic multinodular goiter (MNG), and toxic adenoma. These hyperthyroid disease states can cause devastating complications and disease, including the disruption of the bone remodeling cycle and skeletal development, which can result in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and a propensity for fragility fractures. In addition to patients with overt hyperthyroidism, studies have provided evidence of other high-risk patient demographics, such …

Usp38 Exacerbates Atrial Inflammation, Fibrosis, And Susceptibility To Atrial Fibrillation After Myocardial Infarction In Mice, Yang Gong, Tingting Yu, Wei Shuai, Tao Chen, Jingjing Zhang, He Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) after myocardial infarction (MI). The role of USP38, a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family, on MI-induced atrial inflammation, fibrosis, and associated AF is unclear.

METHODS: In this study, we surgically constructed a mouse MI model using USP38 cardiac conditional knockout (USP38-CKO) and cardiac-specific overexpression (USP38-TG) mice and applied biochemical, histological, electrophysiological characterization and molecular biology to investigate the effects of USP38 on atrial inflammation, fibrosis, and AF and its mechanisms.

RESULTS: Our results revealed that USP38-CKO attenuates atrial inflammation, thereby ameliorating fibrosis, and abnormal electrophysiologic properties, …

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fiducial Placement For Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy In Patients With Pancreatic Cancer, Irina M Cazacu, Ben S Singh, Rachael M Martin-Paulpeter, Sam Beddar, Stephen Chun, Emma B Holliday, Albert C Koong, Prajnan Das, Eugene J Koay, Cullen Taniguchi, Joseph M Herman, Manoop S Bhutani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Accurate delivery of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to pancreatic tumors relies on successful EUS-guided placement of fiducial markers. The aim of this study is to report the technical feasibility and safety of EUS-guided fiducial placement and to evaluate the characteristics and technical benefit of SBRT in a cohort of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). A retrospective chart review was performed for all (n = 82) PC patients referred for EUS-guided fiducial placement by a single endosonographer at a tertiary cancer center. Data regarding EUS-related technical details, SBRT characteristics, adverse events, and continuous visibility of fiducials were recorded and analyzed. …

A Randomized Phase Iii Study Of Standard Versus High-Dose Cytarabine With Or Without Vorinostat For Aml, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Nikolai A Podoltsev, Megan Othus, John M Pagel, Jerald P Radich, Min Fang, David A Rizzieri, Guido Marcucci, Stephen A Strickland, Mark R Litzow, M Lynn Savoie, Bruno C Medeiros, Mikkael A Sekeres, Tara L Lin, Geoffrey L Uy, Bayard L Powell, Jonathan E Kolitz, Richard A Larson, Richard M Stone, David Claxton, James Essell, Selina M Luger, Sanjay R Mohan, Anna Moseley, Frederick R Appelbaum, Harry P Erba

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Prior experience indicated that use of higher doses of cytarabine during induction for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a histone deacetylase inhibitor resulted in high response rates. S1203 was a randomized multicenter trial for previously untreated patients aged 18-60 with AML which compared daunorubicin and cytarabine (DA), idarubicin with higher dose cytarabine (IA) and IA with vorinostat (IA + V). The primary endpoint was event free survival (EFS). 738 patients were randomized: 261 to each DA and IA arms and 216 to the IA + V arm. 96, 456, and 150 patients had favorable-, intermediate-, and unfavorable-risk cytogenetics, respectively. 152 …

Incidence And Risk Factors For Pneumonitis Associated With Checkpoint Inhibitors In Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single Center Experience, Mehmet Altan, Felipe Soto, Linda L Zhong, Fechukwu O Akhmedzhanov, Nathaniel R Wilson, Abdulrazzak Zarifa, Aya A Albittar, Vincent Yang, Jeff Lewis, Waree Rinsurongkawong, J Jack Lee, Vadeerat Rinsurongkawong, Jianjun Zhang, Don L Gibbons, Ara A Vaporciyan, Kristofer Jennings, Fareed Khawaja, Saadia A Faiz, Vickie R Shannon, Girish Shroff, Myrna C B Godoy, Naval G Daver, Saumil Gandhi, Tito R Mendoza, Aung Naing, Carrie Daniel-Macdougall, John V Heymach, Ajay Sheshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) pneumonitis causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Estimates of real-world incidence and reported risk factors vary substantially.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 419 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with anti-PD-(L)1 with or without anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Clinical, imaging, and microbiological data were evaluated by multidisciplinary adjudication teams. The primary outcome of interest was grade ≥2 (CTCAEv5) pneumonitis. Clinicopathologic variables, tobacco use, cancer therapies, and preexisting lung disease were assessed for univariate effects using Cox proportional hazards models. We created multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to assess risk factors for …

Slow Surgical Correction Affects More Than Just The Bowels, Emilia M. Clementi

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

Reflection on how delayed colostomy reversal affects a patient's mental and physical well-being.

Improving Effective Care In Obese Patients In A Primary Care Clinic, Amy Miller

Journal of Interprofessional Practice and Collaboration

Background: Obesity is a preventable epidemic and costs the United States $200 billion annually. The leading causes of death are linked to obesity.

Local Problem: In a chart review, 53% of patients at a northeast Louisiana primary care clinic were obese. However, none were offered comprehensive lifestyle intervention. The aim was to increase the percentage of patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 to 60% over 8 weeks.

Methods: A rapid-cycle quality improvement initiative was implemented using four Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles over 8 weeks. Each cycle produced tests of change related to screening, patient and team engagement, and assessing effective care. Run charts and aggregate tables were used to analyze …

Enhancing Diabetes Care In Lmics: Insights From A Multinational Consensus, Jose Carlos Miranda, S Abbas Raza, Babatope Kolawole, Jahanzeb Kamal Khan, Atiba Alvi, Fariha Sadiq Ali, Ejim Emmanuel Chukwudi, Nanik Ram, Amira Oluwatoyin

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

The International Cardio-Metabolic Forum held a plenary session to establish a multinational consensus on the challenges faced in diabetes management within lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) and their potential solutions. Stakeholders, including patients, family/caretakers, healthcare professionals, and healthcare policymakers & organizations, participated in discussions. The audience of 280 doctors from 15 different countries (Pakistan, Qatar, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Myanmar, Georgia, Nigeria, Philippines, Uzbekistan, Iraq, Tanzania, Cambodia, Kazakhstan, South Sudan and Libya) was divided into 4 groups led by Group Leaders to represent each stakeholder group. Questionnaires addressing key challenges and solutions specific to each group were used to facilitate consensus development. Participants …

Dha Shortage Causes The Early Degeneration Of Photoreceptors And Rpe In Mice With Peroxisomal Β-Oxidation Deficiency, Daniëlle Swinkels, Sai Kocherlakota, Yannick Das, Adriaan D. Dane, Eric J.M. Wever, Frédéric M. Vaz, Nicolas G. Bazan, Paul P. Van Veldhoven, Myriam Baes

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

PURPOSE. Patients deficient in peroxisomal β-oxidation, which is essential for the synthesis of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and breakdown of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs), both important components of photoreceptor outer segments, develop retinopathy present with retinopathy. The representative mouse model lacking the central enzyme of this pathway, multifunctional protein 2 (Mfp2−/−), also show early-onset retinal decay and cell-autonomous retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, accompanied by reduced plasma and retinal DHA levels. In this study, we investigated whether DHA supplementation can rescue the retinal degeneration of Mfp2−/− mice. METHODS. Mfp2+/− breeding pairs and their offspring were fed a 0.12% DHA …

Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis Investigating Links Between Unprocessed Red Meat Intake And Markers Of Inflammation, Alexis C Wood, Goncalo Graca, Meghana Gadgil, Mackenzie K Senn, Matthew A Allison, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Philip Greenland, Timothy Ebbels, Paul Elliott, Mark O Goodarzi, Russell Tracy, Jerome I Rotter, David Herrington

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Whether red meat consumption is associated with higher inflammation or confounded by increased adiposity remains unclear. Plasma metabolites capture the effects of diet after food is processed, digested, and absorbed, and correlate with markers of inflammation, so they can help clarify diet-health relationships.

OBJECTIVE: To identify whether any metabolites associated with red meat intake are also associated with inflammation.

METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of observational data from older adults (52.84% women, mean age 63 ± 0.3 y) participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Dietary intake was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire, alongside C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-2, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, …

Site-Specific Pathophysiology In A Neonatal Mouse Model Of Gastroparesis, Price T Edwards, Krishnakant G Soni, Margaret E Conner, Stephanie W Fowler, Jaime P P Foong, Rhian Stavely, Lily S Cheng, Geoffrey A Preidis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Early-life events impact maturation of the gut microbiome, enteric nervous system, and gastrointestinal motility. We examined three regions of gastric tissue to determine how maternal separation and gut microbes influence the structure and motor function of specific regions of the neonatal mouse stomach.

METHODS: Germ-free and conventionally housed C57BL/6J mouse pups underwent timed maternal separation (TmSep) or nursed uninterrupted (controls) until 14 days of life. We assessed gastric emptying by quantifying the progression of gavaged fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. With isolated rings of forestomach, corpus, and antrum, we measured tone and contractility by force transduction, gastric wall thickness by light …

Ascertainment Of Minimal Clinically Important Differences In The Diabetes Distress Scale-17: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Jack Banks, Amber B Amspoker, Elizabeth M Vaughan, Lechauncy Woodard, Aanand D Naik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The Diabetes Distress Scale-17 (DDS-17) is a common measure of diabetes distress. Despite its popularity, there are no agreed-on minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for the DDS-17.

OBJECTIVE: to establish a distribution-based metric for MCID in the DDS-17 and its 4 subscale scores (interpersonal distress, physician distress, regimen distress, and emotional distress).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial used baseline and postintervention data from a hybrid (implementation-effectiveness) trial evaluating Empowering Patients in Chronic Care (EPICC) vs an enhanced form of usual care (EUC). Participants included adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (glycated …