Digital Commons Network^™

Quo Vadis, Cs? – On The (Non)-Impact Of Conceptual Structures On The Semantic Web, Sebastian Rudolph, Markus Krotzsch, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Conceptual Structures is a field of research which shares abstract concepts and interests with recent work on knowledge representation for the Semantic Web. However, while the latter is an area of research and development which is rapidly expanding in recent years, the former fails to participate in these developments on a large scale. In this paper, we attempt to stimulate the Conceptual Structures community to catch the Semantic Web train.

Cross-Lingual Query Suggestion Using Query Logs Of Different Languages, Wei Gao, Cheng Niu, Jian-Yun Nie, Ming Zhou, Jian Hu, Kam-Fai Wong, Hsiao-Wuen Hon

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Query suggestion aims to suggest relevant queries for a given query, which help users better specify their information needs. Previously, the suggested terms are mostly in the same language of the input query. In this paper, we extend it to cross-lingual query suggestion (CLQS): for a query in one language, we suggest similar or relevant queries in other languages. This is very important to scenarios of cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) and cross-lingual keyword bidding for search engine advertisement. Instead of relying on existing query translation technologies for CLQS, we present an effective means to map the input query of one …

Relationship Web: Realizing The Memex Vision With The Help Of Semantic Web, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Relationship Web takes us from "which document" could have information I need to "what's in the resources" that gives me the insight and knowledge I need for decision making. Dr. Vannevar Bush outlined his vision for Memex in a 1945 Atlantic Monthly article [1]. Describing how the human brain navigates an information space in what he called trailblazing, Dr. Bush said, "It operates by association. With one item in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain." …

Rules And Insights: Connecting The Mathematical And Linguistic Abilities Of C.S. Lewis, Kim Jongerius

ACMS Conference Proceedings 2007

While most biographical works on C.S. Lewis give passing reference to Lewis' problems with elementary mathematics, few have made an attempt at diagnosing the difficulty or exploring its impact on his writing. A careful study of family correspondence, however, makes it clear that his learning difficulties were not with mathematics alone and suggests connections between attitudes toward and abilities in both mathematics and language. This paper will make these connections clear and will illustrate their ties to Lewis' effective mathematical references.

Acquisition Of Owl Dl Axioms From Lexical Resources, Johanna Volker, Pascal Hitzler, Philipp Cimiano

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

State-of-the-art research on automated learning of ontologies from text currently focuses on inexpressive ontologies. The acquisition of complex axioms involving logical connectives, role restrictions, and other expressive features of the Web Ontology Language OWL remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we present a method and implementation for enriching inexpressive OWL ontologies with expressive axioms which is based on a deep syntactic analysis of natural language definitions. We argue that it can serve as a core for a semi-automatic ontology engineering process supported by a methodology that integrates methods for both ontology learning and evaluation. The feasibility of our approach is …

Active Learning For Part-Of-Speech Tagging: Accelerating Corpus Annotation, George Busby, Marc Carmen, James Carroll, Robbie Haertel, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Peter Mcclanahan, Eric K. Ringger, Kevin Seppi

Faculty Publications

In the construction of a part-of-speech annotated corpus, we are constrained by a fixed budget. A fully annotated corpus is required, but we can afford to label only a subset. We train a Maximum Entropy Markov Model tagger from a labeled subset and automatically tag the remainder. This paper addresses the question of where to focus our manual tagging efforts in order to deliver an annotation of highest quality. In this context, we find that active learning is always helpful. We focus on Query by Uncertainty (QBU) and Query by Committee (QBC) and report on experiments with several baselines and …

Instance Weighting For Domain Adaptation In Nlp, Jing Jiang, Chengxiang Zhai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Domain adaptation is an important problem in natural language processing (NLP) due to the lack of labeled data in novel domains. In this paper, we study the domain adaptation problem from the instance weighting per- spective. We formally analyze and charac- terize the domain adaptation problem from a distributional view, and show that there are two distinct needs for adaptation, cor- responding to the different distributions of instances and classification functions in the source and the target domains. We then propose a general instance weighting frame- work for domain adaptation. Our empir- ical results on three NLP tasks show that …

Table Of Contents (2007), Association Of Christians In The Mathematical Sciences

ACMS Conference Proceedings 2007

Sixteenth Conference of the Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences

Schedule (2007), Association Of Christians In The Mathematical Sciences

ACMS Conference Proceedings 2007

Sixteenth Conference of the Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences

Scml: A Structural Representation For Chinese Characters, Daniel G. Peebles

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Chinese characters are used daily by well over a billion people. They constitute the main writing system of China and Taiwan, form a major part of written Japanese, and are also used in South Korea. Anything more than a cursory glance at these characters will reveal a high degree of structure to them, but computing systems do not currently have a means to operate on this structure. Existing character databases and dictionaries treat them as numerical code points, and associate with them additional `hand-computed' data, such as stroke count, stroke order, and other information to aid in specific searches. Searching …

Altering Document Term Vectors For Classification - Ontologies As Expectations Of Co-Occurrence, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Amit P. Sheth, Marcos Aguilera, Kimberly Keeton, Arif Merchant, Mustafa Uysal

Kno.e.sis Publications

In this paper we extend the state-of-the-art in utilizing background knowledge for supervised classification by exploiting the semantic relationships between terms explicated in Ontologies. Preliminary evaluations indicate that the new approach generally improves precision and recall, more so for hard to classify cases and reveals patterns indicating the usefulness of such background knowledge.

The Influence Of Transactive Memory On Mutual Knowledge In Virtual Teams: A Theoretical Proposal, Alanah Davis, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

Advancements in information technologies (IT) have enabled the ability to exchange knowledge within and across organizations through virtual teams. However, the ability to effectively communicate and share knowledge in virtual settings can become a difficult task due to the complex nature of both the virtual context and the technology used to support them. This paper argues that transactive memory theory can explain how mutual knowledge enhances virtual team performance. We present a conceptual model and theoretical propositions for the study of the relationship between transactive memory and mutual knowledge in virtual teams.

Learning To Classify E-Mail, Irena Koprinska, Josiah Poon, James Clark, Jason Yuk Hin Chan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper we study supervised and semi-supervised classification of e-mails. We consider two tasks: filing e-mails into folders and spam e-mail filtering. Firstly, in a supervised learning setting, we investigate the use of random forest for automatic e-mail filing into folders and spam e-mail filtering. We show that random forest is a good choice for these tasks as it runs fast on large and high dimensional databases, is easy to tune and is highly accurate, outperforming popular algorithms such as decision trees, support vector machines and naive Bayes. We introduce a new accurate feature selector with linear time complexity. …

Management Of An Intelligent Argumentation Network For A Web-Based Collaborative Engineering Design Environment, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Man Zheng, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ming-Chuan Leu

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Conflict resolution is one of the most challenging tasks in collaborative engineering design. In our previous research, a web-based intelligent collaborative system was developed to address this challenge based on intelligent computational argumentation. However, two important issues were not resolved in that system: priority of participants and self-conflicting arguments. In this paper, we develop two methods for incorporating priorities of participants into the computational argumentation network: 1) weighted summation and 2) re-assessment of strengths of arguments based on priority of owners of the argument using fuzzy logic inference. In addition, we develop a method for detection of self-conflicting arguments. Incorporation …

Passwords For Everyone: Secure Mnemonic-Based Accessible Authentication, Umut Topkara, Mercan Topkara, Mikhail J. Atallah

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Computer Geolocation Using Extracted Features, Chad M.S. Steel

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

This paper compares the extracted feature data from a sample set of hard drive images in an effort to relate the features to the physical location of the drive. A list of probable zip codes, phone numbers, place names, and IP addresses are extracted from raw drive images and compared to manually identified geolocation data. The results of the individual extractions are then analyzed to determine the feasibility in using automated extraction and analysis techniques for geolocating hard drives.

Keywords: hard disk forensics, geocoding, geolocation

Diagnosing Reading Strategies: Paraphrase Recognition, Chutima Boonthum

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Paraphrase recognition is a form of natural language processing used in tutoring, question answering, and information retrieval systems. The context of the present work is an automated reading strategy trainer called iSTART (Interactive Strategy Trainer for Active Reading and Thinking). The ability to recognize the use of paraphrase—a complete, partial, or inaccurate paraphrase; with or without extra information—in the student's input is essential if the trainer is to give appropriate feedback. I analyzed the most common patterns of paraphrase and developed a means of representing the semantic structure of sentences. Paraphrases are recognized by transforming sentences into this representation and …

An Examination Of The Asus Wl-Hdd 2.5 As A Nepenthes Malware Collector, Patryk Szewczyk

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

The Linksys WRT54g has been used as a host for network forensics tools for instance Snort for a long period of time. Whilst large corporations are already utilising network forensic tools, this paper demonstrates that it is quite feasible for a non-security specialist to track and capture malicious network traffic. This paper introduces the Asus Wireless Hard disk as a replacement for the popular Linksys WRT54g. Firstly, the Linksys router will be introduced detailing some of the research that was undertaken on the device over the years amongst the security community. It then briefly discusses malicious software and the impact …

Protein Design By Mining And Sampling An Undirected Graphical Model Of Evolutionary Constraints, John Thomas, Naren Ramakrishnan, Chris Bailey-Kellogg

Computer Science Technical Reports

Evolutionary pressures on proteins to maintain structure and function have constrained their sequences over time and across species. The sequence record thus contains valuable information regarding the acceptable variation and covariation of amino acids in members of a protein family. When designing new members of a protein family, with an eye toward modified or improved stability or functionality, it is incumbent upon a protein engineer to uncover such constraints and design conforming sequences. This paper develops such an approach for protein design: we first mine an undirected probabilistic graphical model of a given protein family, and then use the model …

Digital Support For Abductive Learning In Introductory Computing Courses, Atanas Radenski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Students who grew up browsing the Web are skilled in what is usually referred to as abduction, a reasoning process that starts with a set of specific observations and then generates the best possible explanation of those observations. In order to exploit the abduction skills of contemporary students, we have developed digital CS1/2 study packs that promote and support active learning through abduction, i.e., abductive learning. The study packs integrate a variety of digital resources: online self-guided labs, e-texts, tutorial links, sample programs, quizzes, and slides. These online packs stimulate students to learn abductively by browsing, searching, and performing self-guided …

A Day In The Life Of Pubmed: Analysis Of A Typical Day's Query Log, Jorge R Herskovic, Len Y Tanaka, William Hersh, Elmer V Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To characterize PubMed usage over a typical day and compare it to previous studies of user behavior on Web search engines. DESIGN: We performed a lexical and semantic analysis of 2,689,166 queries issued on PubMed over 24 consecutive hours on a typical day. MEASUREMENTS: We measured the number of queries, number of distinct users, queries per user, terms per query, common terms, Boolean operator use, common phrases, result set size, MeSH categories, used semantic measurements to group queries into sessions, and studied the addition and removal of terms from consecutive queries to gauge search strategies. RESULTS: The size of …

A 2007 Model Curriculum For A Liberal Arts Degree In Computer Science, Liberal Arts Computer Science Consortium, Charles F. Kelemen

Computer Science Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Human–Robot Interaction: A Survey, Michael A. Goodrich, Alan C. Schultz

Faculty Publications

Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) has recently received considerable attention in the academic community, in labs, in technology companies, and through the media. Because of this attention, it is desirable to present a survey of HRI to serve as a tutorial to people outside the field and to promote discussion of a unified vision of HRI within the field. The goal of this review is to present a unified treatment of HRI-related problems, to identify key themes, and discuss challenge problems that are likely to shape the field in the near future. Although the review follows a survey structure, the goal of …

Applying The Levels Of Conceptual Interoperability Model In Support Of Integratability, Interoperability, And Composability For System-Of-Systems Engineering, Charles D. Turnitsa

Faculty Bibliography

The Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) was developed to cope with the different layers of interoperation of modeling & simulation applications. It introduced technical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, dynamic, and conceptual layers of interoperation and showed how they are related to the ideas of integratability, interoperability, and composability. The model was successfully applied in various domains of systems, cybernetics, and informatics.

Impact Of Computers On Cultures In Third World Countries: A Case Of Computers In Education, James R. Ochwa-Echel

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Filling The Ontology Space For Coalition Battle Management Language, Charles Turnitsa, Curtis Blais, Andreas Tolk

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The Coalition Battle Management Language is a language for representing and exchanging plans, orders, and reports across live, constructive and robotic forces in multi-service, multi-national and multi-organizational operations. Standardization efforts in the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization seek to define this language through three parallel activities: (1) specify a sufficient data model to unambiguously define a set of orders using the Joint Command, Control, and Consultation Information Exchange Data Model (JC3IEDM) as a starting point; (2) develop a formal grammar (lexicon and production rules) to formalize the definition of orders, requests, and reports; (3) develop a formal battle management ontology to …

Applying The Levels Of Conceptual Interoperability Model In Support Of Integratability, Interoperability, And Composability For System-Of-Systems Engineering, Andreas Tolk, Saikou Y. Diallo, Charles D. Turnitsa

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) was developed to cope with the different layers of interoperation of modeling & simulation applications. It introduced technical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, dynamic, and conceptual layers of interoperation and showed how they are related to the ideas of integratability, interoperability, and composability. The model was successfully applied in various domains of systems, cybernetics, and informatics.

Natural Language Processing And E-Government: Extracting Reusable Crime Report Information, Gondy A. Leroy, Alicia Iriberri '06

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Crime reporting needs to be possible 24/7. Although 911 and tip-lines are the most publicized reporting mechanisms, several other options exist, ranging from in-person reporting to online submissions. Internet-based crime reporting systems allow victims and witnesses of crime to report incidents to police 24/7 from any location. However, these existing e-mail and text-based systems provide little support for witnesses' memory recall leading to reports with less information and lower accuracy. These systems also do not facilitate reuse and integration of the reported information with other information systems. We are developing an anonymous Online Crime Reporting System that is designed to …

Sequence Similarity Search Portal, Arokiya Louis Monica Joseph

Theses Digitization Project

This project brings the bioinformatics community a new development concept in which users can access all data and applications hosted in the main research centers as if they were installed on their local machines, providing seamless integration between disparate services. The project moves to integrate the sequence similarity searching at EBI and NCBI by using web services. It also intends to allow molecular biologists to save their searches and act as a log book for their sequence similarity searches. The project will also allow the biologists to share their sequences and results with others.

A Classifier To Evaluate Language Specificity In Medical Documents, Trudi Miller '08, Gondy A. Leroy, Samir Chatterjee, Jie Fan, Brian Thoms '09

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Consumer health information written by health care professionals is often inaccessible to the consumers it is written for. Traditional readability formulas examine syntactic features like sentence length and number of syllables, ignoring the target audience's grasp of the words themselves. The use of specialized vocabulary disrupts the understanding of patients with low reading skills, causing a decrease in comprehension. A naive Bayes classifier for three levels of increasing medical terminology specificity (consumer/patient, novice health learner, medical professional) was created with a lexicon generated from a representative medical corpus. Ninety-six percent accuracy in classification was attained. The classifier was then applied …