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Green's Law Revisited: Tidal Long-Wave Propagation In Channels With Strong Topography, David A. Jay

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Green's Law states that tidal long-wave elevation ζ and tidal transport Q vary with width b and depth h according to ζ ≌ b^−1/2h^−1/4 and Q ≌ b^+1/2h^+/4. This solution is of limited utility because it is restricted to inviscid, infinitesimal waves in channels with no mean flow and weak topography (those with topographic scale L ≫ wavelength λ). An analytical perturbation model including finite-amplitude effects, river flow, and tidal flats has been used to show that (1) wave behavior to lowest order is a function of only two nondimensional parameters representing, respectively, …

Disc Size Scale-Up In Rotating Biological Contactor System, Chi-Sheng Chang

Theses

Disc size scale-up of prototype and small-scale RBC plants are successfully developed by applying the 114 data sets obtained from 12 RBC plants to the evaluation of percent sBOD remaining. These data analyses are performed by the least square method, therefore, the scale-up factors of the prototype and the small-scale are determined at different hydraulic loading. Furthermore, the relationship between scale-up factor and the disc diameter are established under the given flow rate, the number of stages, and the number of discs. A group of Curves are obtained and can be utilized for the full-scale RBC plant preliminary design. The …

Value Of Research, Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Transportation research in Kentucky has been ongoing since 1914. The Road Materials Testing Laboratory was established that year at the University of Kentucky. Operation of the laboratory commenced in 1915 under the guidance of Professor D.V. Terrell who later became Dean of the College of Engineering. Dean Terrell often noted that the purpose of research was not to save money but to make it go farther. Public funding was never sufficient to accomplish all that various agency personnel considered essential nor that which the public deemed necessary and research was conducted most often for the purpose of gaining more for …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Scholarship Program: Initial Years At The University Of Kentucky, Jerry G. Rose

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Ccfss News August 1991, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)

No abstract provided.

Comparing Simulated And Experimental Hysteretic Two-Phase Transient Fluid Flow Phenomena, R. J. Lenhard, J. C. Parker, Jagath J. Kaluarachchi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

A hysteretic model for two-phase permeability (k)-saturation (S)-pressure (P) relations is outlined that accounts for effects of nonwetting fluid entrapment. The model can be employed in unsaturated fluid flow computer codes to predict temporal and spatial fluid distributions. Consideration is given to hysteresis in S-P relations caused by contact angle, irregular pore geometry, and nonwetting fluid entrapment effects and to hysteresis in k-Srelations caused by nonwetting fluid entrapment effects. An air-water flow experiment is conducted with a 72-cm vertical soil column where the water table is fluctuated to generate scanning S-P paths. Water contents are measured via a gamma radiation …

Parallel-Vector Design Sensitivity Analysis In Structural Dynamics, Yongxing Zhang

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

In this study, the design sensitivity analysis is for the purpose of providing constraint derivative information for structural optimization under dynamic loads. Various existing formulations are reviewed, and the direct differentiation method is justified as the best one for design sensitivity analysis in structural dynamics. An alternative formulation for design sensitivity analysis with direct differentiation method is developed. The alternative formulation works efficiently with the reduced system of dynamic equations, and it eliminates the need for expensive and complicated eigenvector derivatives, which is required in the existing reduced system formulation. The relationship of the alternative formulation and the existing reduced …

Parallel-Vector Computation For Geometrically Nonlinear Frame Structural Analysis And Design Sensitivity Analysis, Majdi A. Baddourah

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Parallel-vector algorithms are presented for solving the geometrically nonlinear structural problems and obtaining design sensitivity information. A new algorithm is also presented for parallel generation and assembly of the finite element stiffness and mass matrices. The presented assembly algorithm is based on a node-by-node approach rather than the more conventional element-by-element approach. Three different methods, Newton Raphson, Modified Newton Raphson, and the BFGS, are used in the analysis of the nonlinear structural problems. A study is made to determine the performance of each of the mentioned methods in a parallel-vector computer environment. Medium to large-scale, practical problems are solved to …

Bearing Capacity Analysis Of Pavements, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A multilayered, mathematical model for analyzing the ultimate bearing capacity of soil subgrades and asphalt pavements is presented. Theoretical considerations and mathematical derivations of limit equilibrium equations, based on plasticity principles, for analyzing the ultimate bearing capacity of soil subgrades and partially completed asphalt pavements, and the extension of these equations to the analyses of asphalt pavements composed of multiple layers, are presented. The model is unique since shear strength parameters, Φ and c, (the angle of internal friction and cohesion, respectively) are used to describe each layer of material of the pavement structure and a factor of safety against …

Automated Determination Of Air Content In Hardened Concrete, Anita R. Navalurkar

Theses

An automated system was developed for the microscopic determination of air content and the related parameters in hardened concrete using the principles of Image Analysis and Computer Technology. Slices taken from the concrete specimen were viewed through a microscope with 40X magnification. The magnified image of the concrete slice is digitized by an Image Analyzing Software. Methodologies were developed for analysis of the digitized image and determination of air content and the required parameters. The automated system included a motorized positioner which translated microscope stage in a frame by frame sequence so that the whole image is digitized. Several tests …

Effects Of Alternative Sprinkler Irrigation Parameters On Pesticide Movement, Ahmad Yar Ranjha, Richard C. Peralta, Robert W. Hill, Antonio Maria Requena, Howard M. Deer, Majid Ehteshami

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The relative reduction in potential ground-water contamination due to pesticides at several sites in Utah was determined by comparing alternative irrigation system designs, water management practices and pesticides. Alternative sprinkler irrigation distribution coefficients were used to estimate infiltration depths. The movement of pesticides through soils following sprinkler irrigations was simulated with one-dimensional model. Pesticide contamination of ground water can be reduced by careful selection of pesticides, properly designed irrigation systems and improved water management techniques. Procedures for selecting an appropriate sprinkler design and pesticide are presented.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

General Report Session 9: Seismology: Predicting Strong Ground Motion For Design, Pierre-Yves Bard

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The 14 papers of the session may be divided (somewhat artificially, of course) in three main subgroups: - a significant number (5) deal with the whole process of predicting strong ground motion for design, starting from geological / tectonic considerations and ending at a quantitative estimate of some ground motion parameters (peak acceleration, response spectrum,. .. ), either on a regional or national scale for zoning purposes (9.17, 9.24), or at a specific site for the design of some specific structures (papers 9.10, 9.13), or finally from a methodological point of view ( 9.13, 9.24, 9.26). - the 7 papers …

Turbogenerator Foundation Analysis Under Wide-Range (Seismic In Particular) Excitation, Igor Andrianov, Vladimir Sedin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Dynamics of turbogenerator foundation under wide-range (seismic in particular) excitation is being investigated. It is rather simple to get a solution for low- and high- frequency vibrations in case of a ribbed plate resting on elastic subgrade. As for practical purposes, it is a solution for intermediate parameter values that is of solution. It is shown here that the difficulties could be overcome by two-point fade-approximant method.

Piles Under Dynamic Loads, M. Novak

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The paper deals with some of the more recent developments in pile dynamics. It reviews the progress in the analysis of single piles and pile groups, field as well as laboratory experiments and soil-pile-structure interaction. The influence of pile-soil interface is discussed and extensive references are given.

Stiffness And Damping Parameters For Dynamic Analysis Of Retaining Walls, E. Arni Rafnsson, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The displacements of retaining walls developed during earthquakes have been recognized for many years. Mathematical models have been developed to simulate the behavior of retaining walls during earthquakes. The determination of the soil parameters needed for solution of the displacements has neither been adequately described nor used in a realistic analysis. In this paper theories describing spring and damping constants of rigid retaining walls, for both the base-soil and the back-fill, arc discussed along with the recommended solutions.

Some Key Problems In Calculating Seismic Pore Water Pressure, Zhang Jianmin, Xie Dingyi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The problems of selecting a reasonable generation model and a reasonable generation-dissipation model of pore water pressure and determining the coefficient of permeability and the coefficient of volumetric strain in the course of pore water pressure generation-dissipation are crucial in the calculation of seismic pore water pressure. These problems are investigated theoretically and experimentally in this paper based on the concepts of transient pore pressure with connection to the practically possible calculating conditions, so as to improve the reliability of the current seismic effective stress analysing method.

Lateral Stiffness And Damping Coefficient Of Soils For Seismic Analysis Of Buried Pipelines, Xinjian Zhang, Leon R. L. Wang, Isao Ishibashi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The stiffness and damping coefficient of soil are critical parameters in the Winkler's model for the seismic analysis of buried pipelines. This paper presents an analytical study in calculating the lateral dynamic stiffness (elastic and inelastic) and damping coefficient of soils for the seismic analysis of buried pipelines. The effects of the depth of the buried pipeline and the variation of Poisson's ratio of soils are cons1dered. In the analysts, first, by using the elastic half-space theory, the elastic stiffness and geometrical damping coefficient of soils are obtained. From the numerical results, the elastic stiffness and geometrical damping coefficient by …

Seismic Response Of Axially Loaded Pile Group, Takaaki Kagawa

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents a numerically efficient procedure for evaluating seismic responses of an axially loaded pile group. This procedure was used to clarify the impact on pile-group responses of employing different levels of soil-pile compatibility conditions. This study clearly demonstrated that the limitations and shortcomings of adapting relaxed soil-pile compatibility conditions are not negligible for pile groups with relatively small spacing ratios and with soil stiffnesses constant or decreasing with depth.

Nonstationary Stochastic Seismic Response Analysis For Earth And Rockfill Dams, Wu Zaiguang, Lin Gao, Han Guocheng

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this article, the time domain madal analysis technique for evaluating the nonstationary responses of linear systems is combined with the equivalent linearization approach for determining the stationary responses of nonlinear soil structures. A new analysis method is formed and the nonstationary responses of the earth and rockfill dam are calculated. The results from nonstationary analysis are compared with the ones from the stationary computations. The effectiveness of nonstationarity of input and output is investigated and the relevant conclusions are given.

General Report Session 7: Stability Of Slopes And Earth Dams Under Earthquakes, J. Lawrence Von Thun

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The papers received for this session may be classified into five general topic areas; the number of papers in each subtopic area is shown in parentheses.

1. Slope stability analysis incorporating dynamic loading Ÿanalysis methods (3)

Ÿdynamic effects on soil properties (2)

Ÿcase study (1)

2. Dynamic response of embankment dams

Ÿanalysis methods (5)

Ÿcase studies (2)

3. Dynamic deformation analysis

Ÿanalysis methods adapted for a specific case (3)

Ÿcomparison of analysis methods (1)

4. Dynamic deformation or stability analysis incorporating pore pressure development or liquefaction considerations Ÿanalysis methods (3)

Ÿanalysis methods developed for a specific case (2)

Ÿcase history …

A Numerical Solution Of Wave Equation For Dynamic Compaction Of Soil, K. B. Agarwal, B. Siva Ram

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

It is a known fact that any disturbance at the ground surface, like the one created by vibratory, compactors or by application of blast pressure on detonation of a foamed propellant, is transmitted into ground until it is weak enough to travel deeper and farther. The ground acceleration at various points, induces compaction. The transmission of vibrations due to such surface dynamic loads are governed by the equation of motion based on Newton's second law. The equation of motion is presented in Euiler's Coordinates using tensor notation and is solved for surface displacements due to surface dynamic loads. These loads …

System Identification And Seismic Performance Evaluation Of Earth Dams, H. S. Sayed, A. M. Abdel-Ghaffar, S. F. Masri

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A system identification technique is developed to provide dynamic properties of earth dams from their seismic records. The technique is utilized to assess the capabilities and limitation of analytical models in terms of dynamic nonlinear constitutive relationships as well as damping. The technique is based on the least square method using Gaussian hypothesis. Earth dams are modeled as a three-dimensional nonhomogeneous visco-elasto-plastic soil structure. The forward problem is solved using a Galerkin-Ritz formulation in which the solution is expanded using basis function, which is selected to be the eigenmodes. The spatial variation of the excitation is considered by using global …

Testing Of Stressed State In The Structure-Base System Under Non-Stationary Dynamic Effects, Vyacheslav K. Musaev

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Some aspects of practical realization of the finite element method (FEM) are considered for solving a two-dimensional (plane) dynamic problem of the theory of elasticity and plasticity. The results of the numerical solution of some problems for dynamic effects are presented. The comparison with the results of other methods is made.

A Cyclic Triaxial Facility For Loading A Silty Clay, Matthew Raybould

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A digital control servo-hydraulic triaxial test facility with full data acquisition has been developed at Nottingham University as part of the UK Science and Engineering Research Council initiative in earthquake engineering. This apparatus is currently being used to investigate the response of a coarse silt contaminated by kaolin clay to cyclic stress and strain. High quality deformation data is generated by on sample instrumentation and enables the stiffness at very low strain levels to be determined accurately. This paper describes the development of the facility and presents some results of the tests carried out to date.

Statistical Relations Between Intensity And Magnitude Of Southeastern United States Earthquakes, Ali A. Nowroozi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The least squared, the major axis and the reduced major axis criterion are used to deduce a statistical relation between magnitude, m_bLg, and intensity, I, for the earthquakes-in southeastern United States. Based on a catalog of 162 events during 1833 to 1987, with magnitudes between 1.1 and 6.9 and intensities between II and X, it is shown that the reduced major axis criterion produces: m_bLg = (0.656 ± 0.058)*I + (0.402 ± 0.178), which is the best predictor equation of magnitude for the upper range of the observed intensities. The predictor equations based on the least squared …

Performance Of A Cement Silo Under Quarry Blast, Krishen Kumar, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Behaviour of a 67 m tall R.C.C. twin storage-cum-blending cement silo has been studied under blast loads from a nearby limestone quarry. This paper reports the findings of the analytical and experimental studies and verification of the results of analysis by the measurements made on the prototype structure, which agreed within 10%. Acceleration response of the structure were recorded for a blast of 2.61 t having six delays with maximum charge per delay 800 kg. A series of small and large size blasts were conducted to establish relationship between peak ground acceleration and distance from the blast. Non-dimensional acceleration response …

General Report Session 3: Deformation And Liquefaction Of Sands, Silt, Gravels And Clays, R. G. Campanella, Alex Sy

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

It has been almost 27 years since the damaging earthquakes of 1964 which occurred in Niigata, Japan and in Alaska, USA, focused the geotechnical engineers' attention to liquefaction as a major problem in earthquake engineering. Considerable research and studies have been conducted on the subject of earthquake induced liquefaction since that time and these have included field observations, laboratory experiments and model tests, and theoretical studies. Progress in understanding the liquefaction phenomenon, in the assessment of liquefaction potential, and in the solutions to mitigate the liquefaction hazard has been made, yet the problem remains controversial in many respects, as reflected …

Fuzzy Multifactorial Evaluation On Liquefaction Of Saturated Sandy Soil, Chang Hong

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this paper, according to the principle of fuzzy mathematics, five principal factors are considered, earthquake intensity I, the thickness of overburden 1Ryer of non-liquefacted cohesive soil Ho, SPT blow count (China) N, the depth of point of SPT ds, and groundwater level dw, at the same time, the subordinate functions of them are estab1ished. The rank of liquefaction is classified into four sorts: non-liquefaction, probable-non-liquefaction, probable-liquefaction and liquefaction. The fuzzy multifactorial evaluation is presented for predicting site earthquake liquefaction of sandy soil, and the operation of M (.,+)is applied to calculation of fuzzy matrix. At last, a comparison between …