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The Synthesis And Characterization Of Polycarbonates Based On 1,1'-Dihydroxyethyl-2,2'-Biimidazole, Judith J. Garces

Masters Theses

"The synthesis of polycarbonates formed by the reaction of 1,1'-dihydroxyethyl-2,2'-biimidazole and diphenyl or diethyl carbonates was investigated and the products formed were characterized. The molecular weights of the polymers were dependent on catalyst, ratio of starting materials, nature of carbonate (aromatic or aliphatic) and method of polymerization. Isolated polymers exhibit a linear structure. They have no well-defined melting points (melting pt. range of 280- 330⁰C) indicating low degree of crystallization, and undergo less than 9% decomposition below 200⁰C"--Abstract, page ii.

Ua66/7/2 Hilltopper News, Wku Chemistry

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Chemistry department.

Theoretical Calculation Of The Transport Properties Of Monatomic Lithium Vapor, Paul M. Holland, Louis Biolsi Jr., James C. Rainwater

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Transport properties of dilute monatomic gases depend on two body atom-atom interaction potentials. When two ground state (²S) lithium atoms interact, they can follow either of two potential energy curves corresponding to the Li₂ molecule in the X¹Σ⁺_g or ³Σ⁺_u state. Transport collision integrals for these states have been calculated by accurately representing quantum mechanical potential energy curves with the Hulburt-Hirschfelder potential. The excellent agreement of calculated viscosities with experimental results provides further evidence that this potential can be used to estimate accurately transport properties under conditions where experimental data …

Redox Chromophore Compounds And Electrodes Of Metal Containing Substituted Bipyridines, Cecil M. Elliott, Jody G. Redepenning

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Chromophoric compounds, each having a wide range of distinct color changes in response to changes in the oxidation states thereof, are provided in the form of polymerizable monomers, and polymers thereof, of certain metal containing, and electron group substituted, 2,2'-bipyridine compounds.
United States Patent Number 4,611,890

28th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program and abstracts from the 28th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 3-7, 1986.

Identification Of N Epsilon-Carboxymethyllysine As A Degradation Product Of Fructoselysine In Glycated Protein, Mahtab U. Ahmed, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

The chemistry of Maillard or browning reactionosf glycated proteins was studied using the model compound, Nu-formyl-W-fructoselysine(f FL), an analog of glycated lysine residues in protein. Incubation of fFL (15 mM) at physiological pH and temperature in 0.2 M phosphate buffer resulted in formation of lVcarboxymethyllysine (CML) in about 40% yield after 15 days. CML was formed by oxidative cleavage of fFL between C-2 and C-3 of the carbohydrate chain and erythronic acid (EA) was identified a s , the split product formed in the reaction. Neither CML nor EA was formed from fFL under a nitrogen atmosphere. The rate of …

Laser Pump And Probe Excited State Absorption Measurements, Shawpin Jong

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A pump and probe technique was used to investigate triplet-triplet excited state absorption in solutions of the scintillators 2,5 diphenyloxazole (PPO) and 2,1 naphthyl,5 phenylzole (a-NPO) in several solvents.

KrF excimer radiation (248 nm) was used to pump the samples under investigation as well as a tunable dye laser which was used as the probe. Time-resolution was obtained by changing the optical path difference between the pump and probe beams.

Transient excited state absorption was measured in a wide spectral region between 330 nm and 600 nm, showing a peak at 400 nm for PPO solutions, and two …

Amphiphilic Association Structures And Some Aspects Of Foam Stability, Jia-Hwa Fang

Doctoral Dissertations

"This investigation was performed in order to study two interesting and important problems in foams.

Foam separation was studied in the model system of water - sodium octylsulfonate - decanol. The efficiency of foam separation as a function of surfactant concentration and decanol content were measured. The results were related to the association structures of amphiphiles in aqueous systems.

Foam polymerization was conducted in the amphiphilic system containing water, polymerizable surfactant and oleyl alcohol. Liquid foams were produced in one three - phase region. The location and optical pattern of liquid crystals on the foam surface were observed by photomicroscope …

Influence Of Geometric Factors Of The Substrate On Hydrophilic Surface Modification Of Polyurethane Sponges By Plasma Treatment, D. L. Cho, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The surface modification by plasma treatment occurs by consecutive processes of excitation of gas(es) and deexcitation of excited species. The deexcitation occurs primarily at the surface yielding chemical modification of the surface (nonpolymer-forming plasmas) or deposition of material (polymer-forming plasma) on the substrate surface. Because of this sequence, geometric factors of the substrate in relation to the surrounding plasma phase have crucial influence on the effectiveness of plasma treatments. Simple mathematical models were developed to illustrate the effect of geometric factors involved in plasma treatments, and experimental results obtained with porous polyurethane sponges in various sizes were examined by the …

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Thermally Stable Polypyrazoles And Acetylene Terminated Aspartimides, John W. Connell

Theses and Dissertations

Reactions involving the nucleophilic addition cyclization to activated acetylenes have been employed as a novel route to moderate to high molecular weight polymers. Polypyrazoles (PI to P12) have been prepared from the Michael-type addition cyclization of various aromatic dihydrazines to aromatic dipropynones in m-cresol. The aromatic dihydrazines employed were 4, 4'-dihydrazinodiphenyl ether (4,4' -DHDPE), 4,4 '-dihydrazinodiphenylmethane (4, 4'-DHDPM), and 4, 4' -dihydrazinodiphenyl sulfone (4,4'-DHDPS). The dipropynone sutilized were 1,1’- (1,4-phenylene) bis (3-phenyl- 2-propyn-l-one), (l,4 -PPPO), 1,1’ - (1, 3-phenylene) bis (3 -phenyl- 2 -propyn-l-one), (1,3-PPPO), 1,1 '-(1,4 -phenylene) bis (2 -propyn- l-one), (1,4 -PPO), and 1,1’- (1,3 -phenylene) bis (2 …

Nonadiabatic Theory Of Fine-Structure Branching Cross Sections For Na-He, Na-Ne, And Na-Ar Optical Collisions, Linda L. Vahala, P. S. Julienne, Mark D. Havey

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The nonadiabatic close-coupled theory of atomic collisions in a radiation field is generalized to include electron spin and is used to consider the weak-field Na–rare-gas (RG) optical collision Na(²S_1/2)+RG+nhν μNa(²P_j)+RG+(n-1)hν. The effects of detuning and incident energy on the branching into the atomic Na 3p²P_3/2 and 3p²P_1/2 states are examined. The cross sections σ(j) are found to have a strong asymmetry between red and blue detuning as well as a complex threshold and resonance structure dependence on energy. A partial cross-section analysis …

Plasma‐Substrate Interaction: Effect Of Volatile Oligomers In Silicone Rubber On Plasma Polymerization Of Fluorine‐Containing Monomers, Y. ‐S Yeh, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The cause of the conspicuous Si content consistently observed on plasma polymers deposited on silicone rubber was investigated in this study. Plasma polymers of tetrafluoroethylene and of hexafluoroethane were deposited on the inside surface of Silastic tubings with and without oligomers by using a semicontinuous plasma polymerization reactor. This tube coating reactor is unique in the sense that the only surface which interacts with the plasma is the substrate surface (i.e., inside wall of tubing) and that plasma polymerization occurs in a very small volume of 3.3‐mm‐I.D. and 2‐cm‐long section of tubing at any given time. These two factors render …

Foams From A Three-Phase Emulsion, Hironobu Kunieda, Stig Friberg

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Foam stability was related to phase behavior in a foamed three-phase region consisting of an aqueous solution (L1), an alcohol solution (L2) and lamellar liquid-crystalline (LC) phases in the C8H17SO3Na/C8H17OH/H2O system. The state of the system before foaming was LC/L2 + LC/L1 or L1 + L2/LC type emulsions up to a high octanol/water ratio of 77/23. In L2 + LC/L1 emulsion, the LC droplets exist separately from the alcohol droplets in an aqueous continuous medium. The viscosity of the system was enhanced with an increase in the content of dispersed phases, i.e. alcohol and/or liquid crystal phases contributing to the …

27th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program and abstracts from the 27th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, July 14-18, 1985.

The Thirsty Earth: Acid Rain - A Sour Drink, Margaret R. Souza

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Reaction Of Atomic Hydrogen With Chloroform In A Discharge Flow Reactor, Wan-Kuen Jo

Theses

The reactions of atomic hydrogen with chloroform were studied in a tubular flow reactor both in a 4 cm i.d. and 2.6 i.d. discharge flow reactor at pressure of 2.22 to 2.82 mmHg and room temperature using GC and GC/MS for analysis of the reaction. The hydrogen atom concentration at the reaction flame was measured by Chemiluminescence titration with nitrogen dioxide. The hydrogen concentrations are in the 2.48 x 10⁺¹⁴ to 4.83 x 10⁺¹⁴ atoms/cc range at six different hydrogen flow rates. Evidence was found for the formation of atomic carbon intermediate in the reaction, but methane was …

Attenuation Of Infrared Radiation By Diesel Fuel Generated Particle And Droplet Aerosols, Soodabeh Karimi

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The object of this project was to explore the absorbance and scattering properties of carbon particle smoke in the infrared and visible regions of the spectrum. Laboratory scale apparatus were developed to produce smoke in the form of carbon particles, droplet aerosols and combinations of the two. These smokes were made from diesel fuel and fog oil.

Removal Of Colloidal Silica In Simulated Seawater By A Dynamic Multi-Short-Circuited Galvanic Cell, Jan E. Osterholm, Paul W. Kramer, Hlrotsugu K. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A dynamic multi-short-circuited galvanic cell (MSCGC) with Pt-AI electrodes has been used to study the removal of colloidal silica from seawater as a pretreatment step for the desalination of seawater by use of reverse osmosis. The rate of silica removal is observed to be affected by the flow rate of the solution through the cell and the dissolved oxygen content of the solution as well as by the nature of the aluminum electrode surface and the number of contact points (short circuits) between the aluminum and platinum. The total silica content is reduced by 95 % by use of this …

Chapter 3 Coatings And Surface Modification Using Low Pressure Non-Equilibrium Plasmas, Harold F. Winters, Robert P.H. Chang, C. J. Mogab, John Evans, John A. Thornton, Hirotsugu Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Plasma Polymerization Investigated By The Substrate Temperature Dependence., H. Yasuda, Cheng Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the reported experiments, plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), perfluoro-2-butyl-tetrahydrofuran (PFBTHF), ethylene, and styrene were investigated in various combinations of monomer flow rates and discharge wattages for the substrate temperature range of minus 50 to 80 degree C. The polymer deposition rates can be generally expressed by k//o equals Ae** minus **b**t, where k//o is the specific deposition rate given by k//o equals (deposition rate)/(mass flow rate of monomer), A is the preexponential factor representing the extrapolated value of k//o at zero absolute temperature, and b is the temperature-dependence coefficient. It was found that the value of b is not …

Preparation Of Gas Separation Membranes By Plasma Polymerization With Fluoro Compounds, H. Nomura, P. W. Kramer, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Plasma polymerization coatings were applied for the preparation of gas separation membranes. Mainly fluoro compounds were used as coating materials. The membranes showed good separation characteristics with high flux for gaseous systems. The plasma polymerization composite parameter given by W/FM plays an important role in obtaining excellent separation characteristics. The correlation between the conversion rate DR/FM, where DR is the deposition rate of plasma polymer, and W/FM is useful to consider the plasma polymer character under the different plasma polymerization conditions (discharge power W and monomer flow rate F). The proper conditions for membrane preparation lie in the intermediate region …

26th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program and abstracts from the 26th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 7-8, 1984.

Quantitative Evaluation Of Substituent Effects On Stabilization Energies Of Strained And Unsaturated Molecules, Tyler Arthur Stevenson

Theses

Thermodynamic stabilization energies are presented for a series of monosubstituted vinyl, cyclopropyl, ethynyl, and phenyl compounds. The energies are calculated using ab initio molecular orbital calculations at the 4-31G level, and also with published experimental heat of formation data. Correlation analyses are then attempted with the dual substituent parameter approach with the stabilization energies. The analyses are also attempted with a triple-parameter approach using Topsom's theoretically calculated X, F, and Ro constants. Among the findings are the facts that π-donating substituents correlate well, while π-accepting substituents do not. Indications of the relative sensitivities of hydrocarbon frameworks to substituent electrostatic and …

Synthesis Of Cyclobutenyl Ketals, Atef Z. Boulos

Theses

A series of dialkoxy derivatives of N,N'-di-tert-butyl-2-butylamino-3,3-dichloro-4-dichloromethylene cyclobutenyl carboxamidinum chloride, were prepared by dissolving either Na+ or K+ alkoxide in the appropriate alcohol, or by treatment with potassium hydroxide in the appropriate alcohols. Thus, the dimethoxy, diethoxy, di-isopropoxy, di-n-butoxy, di-tertbutoxy derivatives were obtained.

Preparation And Characterization Of Composite Hollow Fiber Reverse Osmosis Membranes By Plasma Polymerization. 2. Reproducibility Of The Plasma Polymerization Process And Durability Of The Resulting Coated Membrane, Y. Matsuzawa, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The reproducibility of the plasma polymerization process was examined in a semicontinuous coating of hollow fibers, 6 fibers in lengths of approximately 12-15 m, by evaluating the performance of reverse osmosis membranes. The uniformity of the coating along the length of hollow fibers, as well as the reproducibility of the process, was found to be satisfactory when electrodes were conditioned in the actual conditions of plasma polymerization to be employed and plasma polymerization conditions were carefully controlled. The durability of the coated hollow fibers was then investigated in the following test media: hot water, low pH, high pH, and 0.1% …

Preparation And Characterization Of Composite Hollow Fiber Reverse Osmosis Membranes By Plasma Polymerization. 1. Design Of Plasma Reactor And Operational Parameters, P. J. Heffernan, K. Yanaglhara, Y. Matsuzawa, E. E. Hennecke, E. W. Hellmuth, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Composite hollow fiber reverse osmosis membranes were prepared by depositing a thin layer (10-50 nm) of plasma polymers on hollow fibers with porous walls (made of polysulfone). The coating was carried out in a semicontinuous manner with six strands of substrate fibers. Operational parameters which influence reverse osmosis characteristics of composite membranes were investigated. © 1984, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Las Vegas Wash Multispectral Scanner Survey, T. H. Mace, M. V. Olsen, Environmental Protection Agency

Publications (WR)

At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Boulder City, Nevada, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory at Las Vegas collected multispectral scanner imagery of Las Vegas Wash on October 1, 1982. A combined maximum likelihood classification and editing procedure was used to classify the multispectral scanner imagery into 12 categories of land cover. The classification identified four categories of marsh vegetation, one category of riparian, two categories of mixed scrub, and two desert categories. Turbid water and cultivated land formed an "other" category. Area tabulations were formed by georeferencing the classification to the Universal Transverse …

Hydrogeochemical Aspects Of Surface Mine Reclamation In The Northern Great Plains, Gerald H. Groenewold, Robert D. Koob

Office of the Provost Scholarship

Studies of several coal-mining sites in western North Dakota have resulted in the development of a hydrogeochemical model which accounts for the observed chemical characteristics of subsurface water in undisturbed settings. Critical hydrogeochemical processes include sulfide oxidation, gypsum precipitation and dissolution, carbonate mineral dissolution and cation exchange.

In the semi-arid climate of western North Dakota, the near-surface several meters of the landscape is constantly subjected to alternate wetting/drying. This mechanism is the key to hydrogeochemical evolution of both pore water in the rooting zone and subsurface water that eventually reaches the water table.

Recent refinements in the hydrogeochemical model have …

Magnetic And Mössbauer Study Of Metal‐Zeolite Interaction In Catalysts, Thomas Pannaparayil, M. Oskooie-Tabrizi, C. Lo, L. N. Mulay, G. A. Melson, V. U. S. Rao

Chemistry Publications

Molecular sieve aluminosilicates, such as ZSM‐5 and mordenite, when impregnated with highly dispersed Fe, yield catalysts for the selective conversion of coal‐derived syngas (CO+H₂) to liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Fe performs the primary Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) syngas to yield light olefins which are converted by the acidic (H⁺) and shape‐selective function of the zeolite to high octane gasoline components. The physical aspects of the Fe‐mordenite interaction studied by magnetic measurements, Mössbauer, and IR spectroscopy are reported and correlations with the catalytic properties are drawn. Mordenite samples with [SiO₂/Al₂O₃] ratio in the range …

A Re-Examination Of The Reactions Of Cyanide With Cytochrome C Oxidase, M. G. Jones, D. Bickar, M. T. Wilson, M. Brunori, A. Colosimo, P. Sarti

Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Experiments were performed to examine the cyanide-binding properties of resting and pulsed cytochrome c oxidase in both their stable and transient turnover states. Inhibition of the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c was monitored as a function of cyanide concentration. Cyanide binding to partially reduced forms produced by mixing cytochrome c oxidase with sodium dithionite was also examined. A model is presented that accounts fully for cyanide inhibition of the enzyme, the essential feature of which is the rapid, tight, binding of cyanide to transient, partially reduced, forms of the enzyme populated during turnover. Computer fitting of the experimentally obtained data to …