Digital Commons Network^™

Structural Impacts Of Canonical And Non-Canonical Oligonucleotide Modifications, Deepak Shrestha

Wayne State University Dissertations

Nucleic acids, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acids), are the fundamental building blocks of living organisms. The events that cause modification of DNA/RNA are of interest because they impact the nucleic acid function. Targeting DNA is important for treating diseases such as cancer. Cisplatin (cisPt) is a well-studied drug that targets DNA and blocks replication, but its use is limited by adverse side effects and cellular resistance. Prevoius research addressed some of these challenges through development of platinum analogues such as carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Amino acid-linked platinum analogues (AAPt) are the focus of this thesis work. AAPt complexes …

Mass Spectrometry Combined With Chemical Biology To Study Human Ailments, Eric Thomas Jacquerio Davis

Wayne State University Dissertations

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential as chemical changes that regulate protein function, activity, stability, interactions, and localization after protein synthesis. PTMs, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, can activate or deactivate proteins, influence their interactions with other molecules, and determine their cellular location. This regulation is vital for numerous biological processes, such as cell cycle control, signal transduction, and gene expression. Abnormal PTMs are linked to various diseases in humans, including parasitic infection, blood disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases, making their study crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and developing targeted therapies. In the Pflum lab, we are interested in the …

Identifying The Constituents Of Pyrolysis Oil Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography- Fraction Collection (Sfc-Fc) And Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry/Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (Gc-Ms/Vuv), Sadid Morshed

2025 Fall Honors Capstones Projects - Archive

Plastic waste continues to accumulate as production increases and disposal methods remain insufficient. Even with recycling programs in place, much of the discarded plastic still ends up in landfills or waterways, eventually breaking down into harmful microplastics. One promising solution is the conversion of plastic waste into pyrolysis oil, which can also serve as an alternative feedstock for chemicals. Pyrolysis oil is produced by heating plastics to approximately 800 °C in the absence of oxygen, resulting in a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that includes paraffins, isoparaffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics. Analyzing the amount of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in these …

The Impact Of Inter-Subunit Communication On F420h2:Nadp+ Oxidioreductase: A Kinetic Approach, Jamariya A. Howard

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

F₄₂₀H₂:NADP⁺ Oxidoreductase (Fno) catalyzes the reversible reduction of NADP⁺ to NADPH using reduced F₄₂₀ as the hydride donor. Both NADPH and the F₄₂₀ cofactor play significant roles in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and methanogenesis, particularly in methanogenic and sulfate-reducing archaea. These organisms play an essential role in global carbon cycling by converting carbon dioxide to methane through the methanogenic pathway, which is directly tied to energy production. This thesis investigates the hydride transfer mechanism of Fno from the extreme thermophile Archaeoglobus fulgidus, using fluorescence binding, steady-state and pre steady-state kinetics.

Chapter 1 outlines the structural and spectral characteristics …

What Amino Acid Residue Is Responsible For The Interaction Of Atg11 With Its Autophagy Partner Atg9?, Patricia Omoyemwen Woghiren

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Macroautophagy is a cellular function that involves the formation of a double membrane vesicle that isolates and transports cellular materials to the vacuole or lysosome for degradation and recycling. It is divided into selective and non-selective macroautophagy. Atg11 and Atg9 are two key proteins involved in selective macroautophagy, and their interaction is critical for selective macroautophagy. Specific residues on Atg9 critical for Atg11 binding have been identified, but similar residues on Atg11 have not been identified. The aim of my research was to identify a specific residue critical for Atg11’s interaction with Atg9. To this end, we carried out Yeast-twohybrid …

Ex Vivo Single-Molecule Analysis Of Ryanodine Receptor 2 Assembly In Cardiac And Neuronal Tissue, Qianye Yin, Christopher I. Richards

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Understanding receptor assembly is critical for elucidating the mechanisms underlying their function and regulation in physiological processes. While traditional in vitro single-molecule studies rely on isolating proteins from heterologous expression systems, they often fail to capture the in vivo physiological complexity involved in the organization and assembly of cell surface proteins. This protocol employs Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (TIRFM) to study GFP-tagged Ryanodine Receptor 2 (RyR2) molecules encapsulated within nanoscale vesicles. These vesicles, generated from organs rapidly extracted from the animal, effectively provide a snapshot of the receptor's assembly state at the time of extraction, enabling detailed analysis of …

Hydrogen Peroxide Production From Light-Driven Water Oxidation Via Nickel Oxide-Titanium Dioxide Heteronanocrystals, Mahfuz Ahammed Swadhen

Dissertations and Theses

High dependence on fossil fuels for energy carries risks for the environment, health, energy, and geopolitical stability. One of the solutions to address this is solar energy utilization, and the use of semiconductors for photocatalytic water splitting is a tantalizing prospect. An n-type semiconductor TiO2 combined with p-type NiO producing a heteronanojunction shows effective light-driven oxidation of H2O into H2O2. We developed a synthetic method to attach NiO nanoparticles on the surface of anatase TiO2 nanorods. We characterized the materials with UV-visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. We immobilized the HNCs on fumed silica and removed organic surfactants …

First-Principles Modeling Of Nitazoxanide Analogues As Prospective Pfor-Targeted Antibacterials, Islam Gomaa

Nanotechnology Research Centre

Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) is a key Achilles’ heel in anaerobic pathogens. We integrate electronic-structure calculations (DFT), cheminformatic QSAR metrics, and residue-resolved docking to distill a concise “recognition code” and translate it into practical design rules. Using nitazoxanide (Nita; ΔG(bind) ≈ −10.0 kcal·mol−1) as a well-established reference, productive binding requires a conserved triad: a hydrogen-bond donor addressing Thr-997 and Cys-840, a π–π stack with Phe-869, and a recurrent π–σ contact to Thr-997 that orients the scaffold. Deacetylation to tizoxanide unmasks the phenolic donor and raises local electrophilicity, yet it also slightly loosens pocket packing (−9.6 kcal·mol−1). Strategic halogenation introduces a σ-hole …

New Psychoactive Substances Detected In Wastewater Samples Collected Along The Interstate Highway Rest Areas In Kentucky, Durga Prasad Kodati

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

The rapid emergence and proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) pose significant challenges to public health and law enforcement. The potential for abuse and toxicity of these substances, which are intended to mimic the effects of controlled drugs, has been raising concerns as these compounds are designed to evade being regulated. There are traditional methods of tracking NPS, such as seizures and forensic toxicology, but they are delayed and seldom effective because these substances continue to evolve rapidly. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a promising tool for real-time surveillance of drug consumption. The primary objective of this research was …

Characterizing The Transient Emission Of Particles And Gases From A Single Puff Of Electronic Cigarette Smoke, Kashala Fabrice Kapiamba, Steven Achterberg, Ta Chun Lin, Philip D. Whitefield, Yue-Wern Huang, Yang Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study employed high-time-resolution systems to examine the transient properties of aerosols and gases emitted from electronic cigarette (EC) puffs. Using a fast aerosol sizer, we measured particle size distributions (PSDs) across various EC brands (JUUL, VUSE, VOOPOO), revealing sizes ranging from 5 to 1000 nm at concentrations of 107 to 1010 cm-3. Most aerosols were found to be in the ultrafine range (below 100 nm), with JUUL-, VUSE-, and VOOPOO-producing aerosols with geometric mean sizes of 19.9, 47.3, and 29.4 nm, respectively. Applying the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) deposition model and assuming no further evolution of aerosols …

Instantaneous Hydrolysis Of Methyl Paraoxon Nerve Agent Simulant Is Catalyzed By Nontoxic Aminoguanidine Imines, Emmanuel Kingsley Darkwah, Puspa Aryal, Chi Zhang, Charles B. Musgrave, William A. Goddard, V. Prakash Reddy

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Exposure to organophosphate-based nerve agents and pesticides poses health and security threats to civilians, soldiers, and first responders. Thus, there is a need to develop effective decontamination agents that are nonhazardous to human health. To address this, we demonstrate that instantaneous hydrolysis of methyl paraoxon (Me-POX), a nerve agent simulant, can be achieved in the presence of aminoguanidine imines at pH 10: ● the pyridine-4-aldehyde aminoguanidine-imine (1) and ● the 2,3-butanedione aminoguanidine-imine (2). The hydrolysis of Me-POX under these conditions is substantially faster than that of the state-of-the-art decontaminating agent, Dekon-139 (2,3-butanedione oxime, potassium salt). Furthermore, Dekon-139 shows adverse effects …

Pla-Based Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Incorporating Hydroxyapatite And Bioactive Glass Using Digital Light Processing, Engin Gepek, Fateme Fayyazbakhsh, Lev Suliandziga, Vadym Mochalin, Osman Iyibilgin, Yue-Wern Huang, Ming C. Leu

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims to repair bone defects using biocompatible materials with tailored geometries and pore structures, providing appropriate mechanical support and control over biodegradation kinetics to promote bone growth. In this study, we utilized digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing to fabricate scaffolds with varying pore sizes using polymer–ceramic slurries composed of polylactic acid (PLA) as the main polymer matrix, incorporated with hydroxyapatite (HA) and bioactive borate glass (BBG) at various ratios. We studied the effect of composition on rheological behavior, printability, mechanical properties, bioactivity, degradation rate, and biocompatibility. While HA increased viscosity and reduced printing accuracy, it …

Tricatalytic Organocatalyst-Enzyme Hybrid Cascade For Improving Complete Oxidation Of Glucose To Carbon Dioxide, Adam Milam, Rokas Gerulskis, Jose Intano, Shelley D. Minteer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Advancing energy harvesting is crucial for the development of wearable and implantable technologies. Given the high concentration of complex fuels, such as glucose, in biological fluids, biofuel cells present a promising avenue for exploration. However, glucose fuel cells that have been published to date typically catalyze only one or two of the maximum 12 oxidation steps for glucose, resulting in low energy density. Although known multienzyme cascades, which are sequential biochemical reactions where multiple enzymes work in tandem to convert a substrate into a final product, have addressed this inefficiency, they come with several trade-offs, such as reduced power density …

Impact Of Y-Mixer Geometry And Flow Rate Modulation On Chemical Gradient Generators In Microfluidic Devices, Elizabeth Thurston Hutton

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Various microfluidic structures are devised to generate tunable, stable spatiotemporal chemical gradients for single-cell studies. This work addresses the role of Y-mixer junctions in generating nonlinear gradients by increasing the width of one arm (bias), which is suspected to cause premature diffusion within the mixer. This study introduced a cinching feature to narrow the wider arm locally and redefine the junctions of these biased Y-mixers using four novel geometries defined by a 5-micrometer drawing rule. Furthermore, three flow rate factors allowed us to explore the impact on the generated gradient landscapes. The results showed that the four novel designs similarly …

Quantifying Inositol Phosphate Dephosphorylation To Understand The Role Of Recalcitrant Organic Phosphorus Forms On Harmful Algal Blooms In Freshwater Systems, Iffat Tasnim

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Organophosphorus such as phytic acid, a surrogate species of inositol phosphate (IP), may serve as a source for orthophosphate (OP) in freshwater. In absence of OP, competent aquatic microorganisms upregulate the production of specialized enzymes to obtain growth-sustaining OP from organic phosphorus (org-P) forms. The contribution of recalcitrant org-P to the OP pool has been overlooked due to the lack of capable tools to measure OP production from org-P accurately. The objective of this study was to quantify OP production from phytic acid (a surrogate form of recalcitrant org-P) to assess the contribution of recalcitrant org-P forms to the total …

Verification Of Real-Time Smoke Simulations: A Case Study On Early Summer North American Wildfire Events, Daniel Bonilla

Pitzer Senior Theses

As wildfire intensity and frequency escalate in times of unprecedented climate change and severe droughts, it is important to enhance forecasting models that accurately and efficiently predict wildfire smoke movement. NOAA’s experimental Rapid-Refresh Forecasting System with Smoke and Dust (RRFS-SD) aims to improve upon the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh- Smoke (HRRR-Smoke), by extending the domain to include all of North America and incorporating new developments in physics and wildfire parameterizations. Our work explores the process of adding satellite Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data, through AERONET, as an additional method of verification of the RRFS-SD experimental model. Using a case study on …

Organic Geochemical Evidence For Life In Archean Rocks Identified By Pyrolysis-Gc-Ms And Supervised Machine Learning, Michael L. Wong, Anirudh Prabhu, Conel O'D. Alexander, H. James Cleaves Ii, George D. Cody, Grethe Hystad, Marko Bermanec, Wouter Bleeker, C. Kevin Boyce, Andrea Corpolongo, Andrew D. Czaja, Souvik Das, Robert R. Gaines, Daniel D. Gregory, John A. Jaszczak, Emmanuelle J. Javaux, Jaganmoy Jodder, Andrew H. Knoll, Martin Van Kranendonk, Katie M. Maloney, Nora Noffke, Robert Rainbird, Emersyn Slaughter, Eva E. Stüeken, Roger E. Summons, Frances Westall, Jasmina Wiemann, Shuhai Xiao, Robert M. Hazen

OES Faculty Publications

Throughout Earth’s history, organic molecules from both abiogenic and biogenic sources have been buried in sedimentary rocks. Most of these organic molecules have been significantly altered by geologic processes through deep time. Nonetheless, the nature and distribution of those ancient fragmentary organic remains have the potential to reveal diagnostic biomolecular information after billions of years of burial. Here, we analyzed 406 fossil, modern biological, meteoritic, and synthetic samples using pyrolysis gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. We explored these analytical data via supervised machine-learning methods to discriminate samples of biogenic vs. abiogenic origin, plant vs. animal phylogenetic affinity, and photosynthetic vs. …

Transient Transmembrane-Electrostatically Localized Protons And Transmembrane Potential In A Laser Flashed Bacteriorhodopsin Purple Membrane Open Flat Sheet - Summary, James Weifu Lee

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The transmembrane-electrostatically localized protons/cations charges (TELCs, also known as TELPs) model may serve as a unified framework to explain a wide range of bioenergetic phenomena. Transient transmembrane-electrostatically localized protons (TELPs) and transmembrane potential in a laser flash-energized bacteriorhodopsin (bR) purple membrane (PM) open flat sheet are now better analyzed. Under the Heberle et al. (1994) experimental conditions, the number of bR molecules is now calculated to be 8200 per PM open flat sheet with a diameter of 600 nm. With a single-turnover laser flash intensity of 3 mJ/cm² to photoexcite 10% of the bR molecules, the laser flash-induced peak TELCs …

Toward Biocompatible Assessment Of N-15 Hyperpolarized Metronidazole For Hypoxia Sensing, Faisal Asif

Wayne State University Theses

Recent advances in hyperpolarization, particularly Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE), have enhanced molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vivo applications. This study investigates [15N3]metronidazole, a tri-nitrogen-labeled derivative of an FDA-approved antibiotic, as a hypoxia-sensitive imaging agent. Under hypoxic conditions, the nitroimidazole group undergoes stepwise reduction to an amino group, inducing significant 15N chemical shift changes (30–600 ppm). We aim to develop an iridium catalyst-free, biocompatible hyperpolarized (HP) [15N3]metronidazole formulation exhibiting robust polarization (up to 15%) and extended T1 lifetimes (~10 min). Three specific objectives guide this work: (1) formulation of a HP injectable with enhanced 15N detection, (2) …

Durable Oxyfluoride Waste Forms For Salt Wastes From Molten Salt Reactors, Alevtina A. Maksimova, Jake W. Amoroso, Matthew Page, Gregory Morrison, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

Molten salt reactors (MSRs) are promising technology to replace traditional light and heavy water reactors in the near future. Waste management for MSRs, however, remains a pressing concern that needs to be resolved prior to realizing deployment of MSRs. Specifically, the generated salt waste needs to be safely sequestered, a task made difficult by the high solubility of the salt waste that can cause the release of radionuclides into the environment. This work demonstrates a new approach to immobilize multiple fluoride salts into a single waste form by converting highly-soluble fluorides to durable and stable oxyfluorides. Notably, we report a …

Eugenol Loaded Calcium Citrate Particle As A Ph Triggered Drug Release System And A Reducing Agent For Au (Iii), Sadia Afrin

Dissertations and Theses

The study demonstrated that eugenol affects the morphology of calcium citrate particles during their formation, as confirmed by SEM micrography and PXRD analysis. Coating of eugenol loaded calcium citrate particles (CaCit MPs) with casein improves their known pH-dependent drug release profile, as confirmed by UV absorption spectroscopy. The casein-coated eugenol-loaded CaCit MPs (CCaCit(eu) MPs) can effectively control and sustain drug release under different pH conditions, particularly at acidic pH values (4.8 and 5.5), which mimics the environment of tumor tissues. To further explore the biomedical applications of calcium citrate, a bulk nanostructured precursor to the known anti-cancer calcium citrate phosphate-based …

Ultra-Rapid Electrophilic Cysteine Arylation Using Pyridinium Salts, Bradley M. Lipka

Open Access Dissertations

Small molecule-based bioconjugation enables in vitro and in vivo functionalization of proteins and peptides, significantly expanding the chemical space of biomacromolecules. Among these transformations, nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) of cysteine residues is a widely employed strategy for protein bioconjugation.

Although many reagents facilitate cysteine arylation, they are disadvantageous in two crucial aspects - limited synthetic modularity and undesired hydrophobicity. First, conventional cysteine arylating reagents are frequently activated by multiple electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) on a single aromatic ring, leaving few synthetic handles to derivatize the reagents for advanced applications. Second, these labeling reagents are generally hydrophobic in nature and …

Zinc Or Swim: Investigating Zinc Pollution From Restoration Materials, Megan R. Jensik

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Zinc is an essential nutrient, but can be toxic at high concentrations, negatively affecting various biological functions. Gabions are galvanized metals coated in zinc that are used for many human purposes, including coastal restoration efforts attempting to avoid using plastic materials. However, gabions can degrade in marine environments, potentially leaching metal into the water and soil. There is a knowledge gap regarding the occurrence and impacts of zinc pollution in the areas where these gabions are deployed, including the Indian River Lagoon (IRL). To address this, sediment samples were collected from the IRL and analyzed for their physical and chemical …

The Relevance Of Dnajb1 Protein Dimerization Against The Human Neurodegenerative Diseases, Erina Kotreli, Trang Le, Szymon Ciesielski

Dean's Leadership Council Library Research Prize

All biological functions in living organisms depend on the activity of proteins, long molecules that must twist and fold into specific shapes to become functional. A subset of proteins known as molecular chaperones is essential for maintaining cellular health by assisting other proteins in folding correctly and refolding those damaged by stress. When proteins misfold and clump together, they can form toxic aggregates linked to many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the leading causes of death in the United States. In AD, these protein aggregates form organized, elongated structures referred to as amyloid-like fibrils, which damage neurons …

Stephen J. Lippard: Chemistry Meets Medicine, Radwa Elrouby

Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations

Key Study

In "DNA Sequence Context Modulates the Impact of a Cisplatin 1,2-GpG Intrastrand Cross-Link", Pilch, Todd, and Lippard found that the DNA sequence around the binding site influences how tightly cisplatin binds (Pilch, Todd, and Lippard).

Biophysical techniques like melting temperature and circular dichroism showed that some sequences stabilize DNA more strongly after drug binding (Pilch, Todd, and Lippard).

This explains why cisplatin is more effective in some tumor genomes (Todd and Lippard).

Multi-Attribute Characterization Of Polymeric And Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems By Column Switching Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Brady W. Drennan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

Drug delivery systems (DDS) are an increasingly relevant technology, owing to their ability to provide controlled release and to enable the use of otherwise toxic or labile therapeutics. However, these modalities are complex, containing a multitude of species with diverse chemical and physical properties. Their characterization, which involves the assessment of critical quality attributes (CQAs), requires numerous analytical techniques. The high-throughput demands of the biopharmaceutical industry have driven the need to consolidate these characterizations into a single analytical method. Consequently, novel analytical technologies are needed to support multi-attribute characterization. A multimodal liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) system was developed to facilitate …

Synthesis Of Bio-Orthogonal Hydrogels For 3d Cell Culture Via Penicillamine Β-Thiolactone-Mediated Native Chemical Ligation, Kaelin E. Marshall, Matthew E. Currier, Nathan J. Oldenhuis

Honors Theses and Capstones

Many hydrogel systems designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) employ thiol-based chemistries with undesirable functional groups, including vinyl sulfones and methacrylates. In downstream applications, any unreacted functional groups are problematic and render hydrogels non-viable for human use. Here, we introduce modifications to the Native Chemical Ligation (NCL) mechanism, exploring the elimination of cytotoxic byproducts and increased reaction rate by using a β-thiolactone. The inclusion of the β-thiolactone results in retention of the thiol within the gel, as well as enhanced kinetics due to the thermodynamic favorability of the ring opening and amide formation. We achieved this by functionalizing 4-arm …

Production Of Graphene From Graphite Via Flash Joule Heating Process, Siranut Sirathanutworakan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Graphene is a material with unique properties and high potential. Due to its outstanding characteristics in strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, and flexibility, graphene is considered one of the materials of the future that can be used to enhance the efficiency of various emerging technologies. This research focuses on the synthesis of graphene using the Flash Joule Heating (FJH) process, during which an extremely high temperature occurs within milliseconds. The carbon precursor is rapidly exposed to intense heat, resulting in the dissociation of all chemical bonds in its structure and the reorganization of carbon atoms into a new graphene structure. …

Data-Driven Predictive Model For Various Shapes Of Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Based On Self-Organizing Maps, Thanapol Khamhla

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work presents a machine learning framework that simultaneously classifies the shape and predicts the localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) purely from synthesis conditions. The dataset used to train the model consist of synthesis conditions and the corresponding AuNPs characteristics, including spherical, star, plate, and rod shapes with their measured LSPR wavelengths, were compiled from existing literatures. Our model first classifies synthesis conditions into clusters according to their resulting shape and then builds local regression models for each shape, enabling both classification and quantitative prediction within a single framework. The proposed model integrates the clustering …

ซีโอไลต์นาโน Hzsm-5 สำหรับการฟื้นฟูสภาพตัวทำละลายเอมีนที่ใช้งานแล้ว, สรัญนุช ยั่งยืน

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การดักจับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์หลังการเผาไหม้ ด้วยตัวทำละลายเอมีนเป็นเทคโนโลยีที่ได้รับความนิยม แต่มีข้อจำกัดสำคัญคือภาระพลังงานสูงในขั้นฟื้นฟูตัวทำละลาย งานวิจัยนี้จึงมุ่งศึกษาการฟื้นฟูสารละลายเอมีนผสม 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) และ 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine (1-(2-HE)PRLD) อัตราส่วน 1:1 ความเข้มข้นรวม 4 M โดยเสริมประสิทธิภาพด้วยตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาซีโอไลต์นาโน HZSM-5 เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการคายซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยานาโน HZSM-5 ถูกสังเคราะห์ด้วยวิธีไฮโดรเทอร์มัลภายใต้สภาวะต่าง ๆ ได้แก่ อุณหภูมิการตกผลึก (110–180 °C) ระยะเวลาการตกผลึก (1–3 วัน) และระยะเวลาบ่มเจล (16–48 ชั่วโมง) วิเคราะห์ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาด้วย BET, XRD, FE-SEM, XPS, Py-FTIR และ NH3-TPD ก่อนนำไปทดสอบการคายซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ ที่ 90 °C ในสารละลาย AMP:1-(2-HE)PRLD ผลการทดลองพบว่า สภาวะที่เหมาะสมในกระบวนการสังเคราะห์ ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาคืออุณหภูมิ 150 °C ระยะเวลาตกผลึก 3 วันและบ่มเจล 48 ชั่วโมง ซึ่งมีขนาดอนุภาคเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 81 nm ส่งผลทำให้มีพื้นที่ผิว และมีกรดเบรินส์เตดสูงเท่ากับ 344 m2/g และ 0.013 mmol/g ตามลำดับ เมื่อทดสอบประสิทธิภาพการคายซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ พบว่าอัตราการคายซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์เริ่มต้น ความจุการดูดซับ เท่ากับ 45.72 mol/min และ 1.29 mol CO2/L ตามลำดับ นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่า ภาระทางความร้อนมีค่าเท่ากับ 36.87 kJ/mol CO2 ซึ่งต่ำกว่ากรณีที่ใช้ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาเชิงพาณิชย์ ร้อยละ 41% ผลการศึกษานี้พบว่า AMP:1-(2-HE)PRLD ร่วมกับนาโน HZSM-5 เป็นแนวทางที่มีศักยภาพสูงสำหรับการพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีดักจับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์แบบใช้พลังงานต่ำในระดับอุตสาหกรรม