Digital Commons Network^™

Intercollegiate Athletics Marketing-Generated Revenue: Within Autonomy Football Bowl Subdivision, Alicia Romano, Jamie Riggs, Alan Morse, Yoon Tae Sung

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Intercollegiate athletic market-generating revenue (MGR) is of interest to administrators for increasing institution revenue. The driving factors of MGR (i.e., conference, facilities, and finances) need to be understood to allow target level planning for increasing MGR. Multiple linear regression was used to assess MGR on a sample of U.S. autonomy Football Bowl Subdivision institutions. Per capita attendance by designated marketing area, capacity, and contributions were shown to have a strong, quantifiable influence on MGR. By setting the levels of the facility and financial determinant variables, and adjusting for conference, the MGR may be predicted or targeted for institution revenue goals.

Institutional Theory In Sport: A Scoping Review, Jonathan Robertson, Mathew Dowling, Marvin Washington, Becca Leopkey, Dana Lee Ellis, Lee Smith

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Institutional theory has generated considerable insight into fundamental issues within sport. This study seeks to advance Washington and Patterson’s review by providing an empirical review of institutional theory in sport. We follow Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review protocol to identify 188 sport-related institutional studies between 1979 and 2019. Our review provides evidence regarding the state of institutional scholarship within sport via an analysis of authorship, year, journal, methodology, method, study population, and use of institutional constructs (legitimacy, isomorphism, change, logics, fields, and work). Rather than a hostile takeover or a joint venture proposed in Washington and Patterson’s review, the relationship …

Effect Of Environmental Csr Initiatives On Potential Stakeholders’ Perception Of Non-Environmentally Friendly Sporting Events, Yong-Chae Rhee, Yukyoum Kim

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The protection of the natural environment is increasingly being perceived as a pillar of CSR. Although most professional sport organizations in the United States participate in some form of philanthropic activity, little research has examined how non-environmentally friendly sport organizations can effectively communicate their environmental initiatives. Two different CSR approaches (Environmental and Nationalistic) by NASCAR were exposed to potential stakeholders to examine the changes in the perception (Attitude, Reputation, Identification, and Perceived CSR) of the organization. We analyzed the MIMIC model to compare the means on the latent constructs. Environmental approach showed positive changes in potential stakeholders’ perception toward NASCAR. …

Transcending Ball And Ballin': Connecting The Jordan Brand And College Football Fans, C. K. Harrison, K. Babiak, Jacob K. Tingle, J. Dickens, W. Griffin, S. Bukstein

School of Business Faculty Research

Michael Jordan is considered by many to be not only the greatest basketball player, but also the greatest athlete of all time. Fans, sports analysts, and former and current players profess feelings of awe when recollecting his elite performance on the basketball court and when discussing his mystique off the court. Air Jordan, the brand bearing Jordan’s name, image, and likeness, is one of Nike’s most successful business units, and yet has received very little attention in the existing literature. Recently, the athletic departments of four large Division I universities have attempted to leverage the connection between Air Jordan and …

Improvement Of Professional Activity Of Students Of Physical Education Faculties By Means Of Basic Gymnastics, Sultanbek Mukhidovich Toylibaev

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: Improvement of the educational process, professional activity and training of students of the faculties of physical education by means of basic gymnastics .

Methods: Theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical and scientific literature data, questionnaires, study of observation results, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing, mathematical statistics. The obtained data were processed using generally accepted methods of mathematical statistics set out in the special literature in a number of manuals, which provides for the calculation of the following indicators: arithmetic mean; mean square deviation; reliability of differences by Student; average error. The reliability of the differences was considered significant …

Systematic Control Of Technical And Tactical Training Of Qualified Female Wrestlers In The National Wrestling “Kurash”, Ugiloy Nuralieva Shavkatovna

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: The article highlights the improvement of special and physical training of athletes through systematic control of technical and tactical training of qualified female wrestlers according to the results of the study.

Methods: During the training process of qualified wrestlers, we conducted a video analysis, a questionnaire survey, theoretical analysis, motivational and effective methods, statistical methods for determining the reliability of the average adult, as well as ongoing monitoring using 3 tests: Orthostatic test, The Rufier Dixon test, Evaluation for technical movements.

Results: The analysis of changes in the indicators of competitive activity carried out at the beginning and at …

A Method Of Special Physical Training Of Short-Distance Runners In Athletics, Muxsinbek Sotiboldiyevich Olimov

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: This article presents a comparative analysis of the results of special physical training of athletes in the types of short-distance running to determine the level of development of special physical training with the help of pedagogical tests and their results obtained at the beginning and end of the study, and on the basis of the results obtained, scientific research.

Methods: We drew attention to the fact that short-distance runners determine the degree of formation of their special physical training with the help of the following pedagogical tests. When determining the speed and strength qualities of short-distance runners, we focused …

Congruity Of Virtual Reality In-Game Advertising, Joshua M. Lupinek, Jinhee Yoo, Eugene A. Ohu, Eric Bownlee

Department of Hospitality and Tourism Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

With virtual reality (VR) video game users beginning to see beta advertisements within game play, this conceptual article adds a needed digital and interactive marketing research foundation to the new construct of VR in-game advertising (IGA) activation. New consumer VR technology continues to disrupt traditional media as a $7.7 billion USD industry, that is expected to reach $57.55 billion by 2027. As such, marketing researchers must continue to evolve and understand the interdisciplinary VR research evolution as many VR users are likely to view IGA as intrusive. IGA and VR are not new constructs, but IGA within VR is unique …

Re-Thinking Women's Sport Research: Looking In The Mirror And Reflecting Forward, Katie Lebel, Ceyda Mumcu, Ann Pegoraro, Nicole M. Lavoi, Nancy Lough, Dunja Antunovic

Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research

Despite decades of research and advocacy—women's professional sports continue to be considered second class to men's sports. The goal of this paper is to rethink how we state, present, and solve problems in women's sport. To affect true change, the wisdom of a broad stakeholder group was embraced such that varied perspectives could be considered. A three-question survey was developed to examine what key constituents believe is working in women's sports, what they believe the salient challenges are for women's sport, and how they would prioritize the next steps forward in the post-pandemic sport landscape. Results indicated siloed differences of …

The Compositional Structure Of The Body Of Young Football Players 13-14 Years Old, Damir Ismagilov Kanganovich

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: The data obtained by bio impedance analysis allows us to assess the state of fitness at the examination stage. The differences in each stage of the survey allows us to compare the data and thereby get an idea of the rationality of using the means of the educational and training process and nutrition.

Methods: The survey of football players aged 13-14 years was conducted using “Xiaomi Composition Scale” smart scales, as well as a bio impedance method, a pedagogical experiment, a method of mathematical statistics (arithmetic mean, quadratic mean, coefficient of variation).

Results: The body fat mass averaged 7.2±3.7%, …

Ua19/16/2 Women's Basketball Press Releases, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

Press releases, photos and game statistics for WKU women's basketball team from August to December 2021.

Ua19/16/2 Basketball Press Releases, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

Press releases, photos and game statistics for WKU basketball team from August to December 2021.

2021 Celebration Of Scholarship, Creativity, And Engagement, Todd Bruns, Beth Heldebrandt

Programs

At this annual celebration, we, as a shared community, are pleased that the important work of faculty continues and evolves as faculty have broadened and redefined the boundaries of scholarship, creativity, and innovation throughout the COVID, late-COVID, and soon-to-be post-COVID eras. While we are pleased to return to more familiar campus-based traditions, functions, and activities, the experiences of 2020-2021 have contributed to the development of new forms and strategies for scholarship and creativity that reflect the core principles of faculty life and ensure that student learning remains central to the mission of Eastern Illinois University.

For that reason, our faculty, …

Tracking The Evolution Of Stare Decisis, Sam C. Ehrlich, Ryan M. Rodenberg

Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

At the United States Supreme Court, what is old is new again. In a series of recent opinions,1 the justices have repeatedly offered differing views on how stare decisis should be positioned when tasked with justifying or rejecting existing precedent. Indeed, in three recent Supreme Court decisions the justices have wrestled with the effect of stare decisis on future decisions. Reversing a decision, according to Justice Kagan, “demand[s] a ‘special justification.’” In contrast, Justice Thomas posited that “[w]hen faced with demonstrably erroneous precedent, my rule is simple: We should not follow it.” Chief Justice Roberts, in explaining his switch in …

Executive Dismissal Or Retention? A Study Of Performance, Power, And Survival For College Basketball Coaches, David B. Wangrow, Evan Schwartz, Margaret Hughes-Morgan

Management Faculty Research and Publications

This study applies upper echelons theory associated with executive dismissal and power to examine the relationships of performance and four types of executive power—structural, prestige, expert, and governance concentration—with dismissal. Using the context of National Collegiate Athletic Association college basketball, in which coaches are completely responsible for strategies and human capital acquisition and retention, a curvilinear relationship between performance and dismissal is found. Significant relationships for prestige and expert power with dismissal are also found, but the “honeymoon period” is longer than prior studies of executive and coach dismissal have shown. Surprisingly, concentrated governance is found to …

Customers’ Acceptance Of Automated Hotel, Jianhong Feng

Theses and Dissertations

Hotels moved in the direction of intelligentization, network connection and sharing of travel modes in the 21^st century. Automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence (AI) are expected to promote significant changes to hospitality and tourism sectors. Hotels that take advantage of these technological advances would benefit from this new business model as they can differentiate themselves from competitors who fail to adopt these new innovations. In the traditional hotel industry, guests are not served by automated technologies. Nowadays, non-human based business-models and service innovations have become the latest business strategy choice in the hospitality and tourism industry, especially during the …

Innovative Strategies To Grow Sales Of Women-Owned Smes In Emerging Countries, Adeola O. Ogunyemi, Gene E. Fusch

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

This paper is a discussion of a 2020 multiple case study research involving five female owners of retail small and medium enterprise (SME) companies in Lagos State, Nigeria. Multiple data collection methods employed included semistructured interviews, direct observations, review of company documents, and keeping a reflective journal. We established reliability, validity, and data saturation through triangulation. One major finding was that by deploying innovative ideas, business owners were able to overcome challenges and grow sales. The implications for positive social change include the potential to provide both existing and emerging women owned SMEs with the strategies to increase patronage to …

The Emergence Of Esport During Covid-19: How Sim Racing Replaced Live Motorsport In 2020, Elizabeth Sv Tudor

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

‘Roads?! Where We’Re Going, We Don’T’ Need, Roads’: Framing Online Sim Racing During Covid-19 By Motorsport Forum Participants, Timothy Robeers

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

Futurama: An Immersive Experience Of America's Automotive Future, James Miller

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

General Motors’ Futurama exhibit at the 1939-40 New York World’s Fair offered a wildly popular immersive experience of American automobility twenty years in the future. The Fair proclaimed the “Dawn of a New Day” in “The World of Tomorrow” through comprehensive innovative architecture and design, which promoted the primary role of new technology, especially in the field of transportation. Futurama harnessed techniques of theatre and multi-media in unprecedented ways. Its narrow aim was to foster the construction of new highway systems hospitable to the growing population of modern cars. More broadly, Futurama sought to inculcate a new way of thinking …

Automovilismo Cubano – Cuban Motorsports: A Brief 20th And 21st Century Cultural And Political History, Tom A. Adamich

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

The Rise Of The Bentley And Broad War Boys: Converting Nascent Automotive And Computer Technologies Into Mainstream Sports, Amee Kim, Elton G. Mcgoun

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

Finding The Formula: The Convoluted Chronicle Of The Creation Of The 1938 Formule Internationale, Richard Armstrong

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

Environmental Sustainability And The Framing Of Formula E Motor Racing In Uk And Flemish Newspapers, Timothy Robeers

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

Developed in cooperation with the Fédération Internationale d’Automobile (FIA) as motor sport’s governing body, the fully electric racing series Formula E represents itself as a driving force in making the motor sport and automotive industries more environmentally sustainable (hereafter: ES). However, the question remains whether such ES efforts are picked up on by the media, and more specifically newspapers that are still considered a benchmark for in-depth and reflective journalism, despite a dramatic rise of online and social media coverage of sport. Combining a quantitative content analysis with a qualitative framing analysis, this article identified, compared and contrasted frames, and …

An Introduction To The Michael R. Argetsinger Symposium Issue For The Journal Of Motorsport Culture & History, Duke Argetsinger, Mike Stocz

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

Do Water Safety Lessons Improve Water Safety Knowledge?, Michael J. Tipton, Joseph Muller, Cristian Abelairas Gomez, Jo Corbett

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

A person, usually a child or young adult, dies by drowning every 90 seconds around the planet. Most drowning prevention initiatives do not assess the efficacy of the intervention. In this study, thirteen- to fourteen-year-olds had their level of water safety knowledge (covering cold shock, rips and tides) assessed before, just after, and 3-6 months after one, 25-minute water safety lesson on these topics. We evaluated the knowledge gained and retained on water safety “awareness” (i.e., knowledge of risks) and “confidence” in terms of knowing what to do in an emergency. The results demonstrated that the lesson significantly increased water …

Fall #1 Meeting: September 10th, 2021

Golf Management Program: Publications

Fall #1 Meeting: September 10th, 2021

PGM Student Club, PGA Golf Management, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

A Dichotomy Of Sport Sponsorships: Does The Nature Of Competition Among Sponsors Matter?, Thomas Doellman, Brian Walkup, Adrien Bouchet, Brian Chabowski

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we argue that the firm value implications of sport sponsorships for sponsors may depend on the competitive environment during the bidding process for different types of sponsorships. More specifically, we contend that the bidding environment for professional football (soccer) kit sponsorships represents a form of common value auction, while the bidding environment for corporate logo sponsorships on teams’ shirts does not. As common value auctions are prone to winner’s curse, the firm value implications should be different for kit sponsorship announcements than for shirt sponsorship announcements. Our results suggest that shareholders indeed perceive the value derived from …

Understanding Lifeguard Recruitment And Selection Practices In Victorian Aquatic And Recreation Centers (Arcs), Michael Butson, John R. Tower, Eric C. Schwarz

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Extensive research has focused on human resource management (HRM) and recruitment and selection practices across different settings. However, there is a gap in the scholarly literature in ARC settings, including lifeguards. Additionally, the aquatics industry is experiencing unprecedented levels of lifeguard turnover within aquatic facilities. The recruitment and selection process can impact employee turnover. Therefore, an important first step to address lifeguard turnover is to better understand the current recruitment and selection practices of lifeguards. This study focuses on the recruitment and selection practices of ARC management to better understand the recruitment and selection of lifeguards. The analysis is based …

When Virtual Spaces Meet The Limitations Of Traditional Sport: Gender Stereotyping In Nba2k, Lindsey Darvin, Ceyda Mumcu, Ann Pegoraro

Sport Management Faculty Publications

Video games have continued to increase in popularity. While the growth has been substantial, representation and acceptance of women throughout gaming environments, including those with traditional sport influences such as NBA2K, a basketball simulation game, have been lacking. Recently however, the NBA2K franchise added Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) player avatars to the NBA2K20 game. While this recent inclusion of WNBA avatars may be a great step in improving upon the concerning state of inclusion and representation of women throughout gaming, the reactions to and receptions of this change have not been fully explored. As a result, the current investigation, …