Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of Mississippi (846)
- Morehead State University (465)
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia (413)
- Singapore Management University (330)
- WellBeing International (309)
-
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (308)
- Technological University Dublin (284)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (254)
- East Tennessee State University (222)
- Western Kentucky University (220)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (193)
- American Dental Association (166)
- California State University, San Bernardino (146)
- Walden University (139)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (138)
- University of Central Florida (133)
- Kennesaw State University (122)
- Brigham Young University (121)
- Lindenwood University (120)
- Edith Cowan University (113)
- University of South Florida (97)
- Santa Clara University (83)
- Valparaiso University (80)
- Old Dominion University (74)
- University of North Florida (72)
- Western Michigan University (72)
- Georgia Southern University (69)
- Liberty University (63)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (62)
- Portland State University (62)
- Keyword
-
- Western Australia (243)
- Marketing (233)
- Business (185)
- Leadership (163)
- Sustainability (159)
-
- Management (144)
- Newsletter (131)
- Oral health (128)
- Broadsheet (127)
- Newspaper (127)
- Paper (127)
- Professional association (127)
- Western Kentucky University (111)
- Advertising (104)
- Agriculture (100)
- Tourism (93)
- Finance (87)
- Human resources (71)
- African Americans (68)
- Environment (67)
- Ethics (67)
- Entrepreneurship (66)
- Innovation (66)
- Blacks (65)
- Economic development (64)
- Fishery management (61)
- Nonprofit (61)
- Social media (61)
- Inland Empire (60)
- Florida Blue Archives (58)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Journal of Accountancy (206)
- ETSU News (187)
- Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business (171)
- Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present (163)
- Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences (149)
-
- International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage (133)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (133)
- ADA News (127)
- Theses and Dissertations (125)
- Honors Theses (116)
- Theses (107)
- WKU Administration Documents (107)
- Fisheries Management Papers (104)
- Agribusiness (102)
- Faculty Publications (101)
- Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 (74)
- Faculty Senate Records (72)
- The Journal of Values-Based Leadership (69)
- Newsletters (65)
- Inland Empire Business Journal (63)
- UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones (63)
- Florida Blue Archives Printed Materials (58)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (57)
- Dissertations (56)
- Woman C.P.A. (56)
- Accounting Historians Journal (55)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (54)
- Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists (52)
- Morehead State Board of Regents Agenda Books and Meeting Minutes (52)
- Agribusiness Reports (50)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1291 - 1320 of 9516
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
2023-February-01-David Brooks To Headline Etsu's 'Festival Of Ideas'.Pdf, Iversity Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
2023-February-01-David Brooks To Headline Etsu's 'Festival Of Ideas'.Pdf, Iversity Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
ETSU News
JOHNSON CITY – East Tennessee State University’s Festival of Ideas, an annual event that draws nationally known speakers to campus, will be held the week of Feb. 27.
Headlining this year’s festival, with a theme of curiosity, connection and community, is the bestselling author and well-known commentator David Brooks, as well as Sarah Stewart Holland and Beth Silvers, the co-hosts of the popular “Pantsuit Politics” podcast. Holland and Silvers will speak on Tuesday, Feb. 28, at 7 p.m. in the D.P. Culp Student Center Ballroom. Brooks is set to speak on Wednesday, March 1, at 7 p.m. in the Martin …
2023-February-01-Celebrating Unity- Etsu Recognizing Art Installation.Pdf, Iversity Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
2023-February-01-Celebrating Unity- Etsu Recognizing Art Installation.Pdf, Iversity Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
ETSU News
JOHNSON CITY – East Tennessee State University will formally recognize an art installation, part of the global Peace Crane Project, on the walls of the D.P. Culp Student Center.
The event is scheduled for 11 a.m. on Thursday, Feb. 23, on the first floor of the Culp near the Cave.
In fall 2022, students in a course at ETSU titled “Special Topics: Art in Public Space” worked to permanently document some of ETSU’s core values of unity and diversity. The design celebrated International Day of Peace, highlighting the Peace Crane Project with a mural depicting the region’s mountainous landscape and …
Communication During Covid-19 Crisis: A Case Of Hotels In Turkey, Ayse Selin Dulger, Ayse Bas Collins, Aysegul Gunduz Songur, Cihan Cobanoglu
Communication During Covid-19 Crisis: A Case Of Hotels In Turkey, Ayse Selin Dulger, Ayse Bas Collins, Aysegul Gunduz Songur, Cihan Cobanoglu
Journal of Global Hospitality and Tourism
During the COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread all over the world, the importance of communication in terms of knowledge sharing has increased even more in the tourism sector, as in all sectors. Each hotel business has benefited from various communication tools in the pandemic crisis. The aim of this study is to provide an understanding of the crisis communication strategy tackled by the hotels in Turkey during this unprecedented period, via both conventional and internet based public relations and communication platforms within the framework of crisis communication management. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 hotel managers in …
Latest Research: Summary 2. Importance Of Food-Demand Management For Climate Mitigation
Latest Research: Summary 2. Importance Of Food-Demand Management For Climate Mitigation
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
As the global population rises, demand for food increases across the globe. This demand simultaneously expands unsustainable agriculture practices, which contribute significant amounts of carbon emissions to the atmosphere, primarily through the increase in the number of livestock and production of livestock feed.
Bearer Negotiable Instruments: Addressing A Financial Intelligence Gap And Identifying Criminogenic Weaknesses, Hollis B. Kegg
Bearer Negotiable Instruments: Addressing A Financial Intelligence Gap And Identifying Criminogenic Weaknesses, Hollis B. Kegg
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Bearer Negotiable Instruments (BNI) are a long-standing category of financial instruments used to transfer large amounts of money in ways that may not be subject to regulation, reporting, tracking, review, or oversight. There is limited information available on BNIs, and no evidence that any studies have been undertaken on BNIs alone, much less reported. Increasingly, BNIs are being used for illegal purposes including money laundering. This study gathers information about their characteristics, nature, purpose, legal status, and numbers. It also focuses on the crime risks associated with BNIs, the crime opportunities they facilitate, and the criminal weaknesses in the financial …
Social Impacts Of Robotics On The Labor And Employment Market, Kelvin Espinal
Social Impacts Of Robotics On The Labor And Employment Market, Kelvin Espinal
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Robotics have been introduced into the workplace to perform tasks that human beings have traditionally fulfilled. Complementing or substituting human labor with robotics eliminates human involvement in functions attributable to hazardous environments, heavy lifting, toxic substances, and repetitive low-level tasks. On the other hand, they are meant to be more efficient and cost-effective, saving money, time, and labor. However, since the introduction of robotics in the workforce, societal opposition has been towards this branch of technology in fear of losing employment, wages, and purpose.
Previous studies have reported an overarching societal fear that adopting robotics in the workplace and industry …
Bozo The Clown: An Icon As American As An Apple Pie In The Face, Gregory Kent Oswald
Bozo The Clown: An Icon As American As An Apple Pie In The Face, Gregory Kent Oswald
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
There is no single path toward the creation of an American icon, a person or item with resonance to all in the country as well as having an ability to serve as a symbol of America itself for those outside the borders. This thesis considers certain elements that propelled the journey of the entertainment for children, Bozo the Clown, into a representational figure in the minds of young and old. Like all things American, his roots include many elements from outside the country: the name derives from foreign tongues mostly in derisory terms, but in at least one instance as …
Quantifying Wheat Blast Disease Induced Yield And Production Losses Of Wheat: A Quasi-Natural Experiment, Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb, David P. Hodson, Timothy J. Krupnik, Kai Sonder
Quantifying Wheat Blast Disease Induced Yield And Production Losses Of Wheat: A Quasi-Natural Experiment, Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb, David P. Hodson, Timothy J. Krupnik, Kai Sonder
Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations
Applying the difference-in-difference (DID) estimation procedure, this study quantifies the wheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum) induced losses in wheat yield, quantity of wheat sold, consumed, or stored, as well as wheat grain value in Bangladesh in 2016 following a disease outbreak that affected over 15,000 ha. Estimates show that the blast-induced yield loss was 540 kg ha−1 on average for households in blast-affected districts. Estimated total wheat production loss was approximately 8,205 tons worth USD 2.1 million in during the 2016 outbreak. Based on these insights, we discuss the need for long-term assured investment and concerted research …
The Horse Versus The Ox During Medieval Times………And Horse Power Versus Horsepower Today, Thomas E. Lambert
The Horse Versus The Ox During Medieval Times………And Horse Power Versus Horsepower Today, Thomas E. Lambert
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
In watching television or other films regarding agriculture in various nations, one can occasionally still see where horses, mules, donkeys, or oxen are used to plow/plough fields or haul produce from farm to market. These practices seem antiquated by today’s farming techniques which mostly employ large combustion engine combines or tractors, trucks, etc. Much has been written about the agricultural revolution that occurred throughout most developed nations between the world wars and especially after the second one in which the use of more and more machinery has been used to grow agricultural produce such as wheat, corn, barley, etc. Even …
Natural Disasters And Corporate Philanthropy: A Double Movement Perspective, Guoguang Wan, Heli Wang, Xuesong Geng, Kenneth G. Huang
Natural Disasters And Corporate Philanthropy: A Double Movement Perspective, Guoguang Wan, Heli Wang, Xuesong Geng, Kenneth G. Huang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examines Chinese corporations’ responses to a sudden natural disaster in terms of their philanthropic donations. We apply Polanyi’s double movement perspective to argue that rapid market expansion in an emerging economy causes social problems such as large-income disparities and environmental degradation. This calls forth counterforces advocating social responsibility and sustainability. Such countermovements can be strengthened by a major disaster, especially in the domain of corporate philanthropy. The resulting increase in corporate philanthropy persists long after the disaster, especially for those firms with large intra-firm pay disparities, operating in socially contested industries and located in regions with more social …
The Impact Of Covid-19 And Associated Policy Responses On Global Food Security, Edward J. Balistreri, Felix Baquedano, John C. Beghin
The Impact Of Covid-19 And Associated Policy Responses On Global Food Security, Edward J. Balistreri, Felix Baquedano, John C. Beghin
Department of Economics: Faculty Publications
We analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated policy responses on the global economy and food security in 80 low- and middle-income countries. We use a global economy-wide model with detailed disaggregation of agricultural and food sectors and develop a business-as-usual baseline for 2020 and 2021 called “But-for-COVID” (BfC). We then shock the model with aggregate income shocks derived from the IMF World Economic Outlook for 2020 and 2021. We impose total-factor productivity losses in key sectors as well as consumption decreases induced by social distancing. The resulting shocks in prices and incomes from the CGE model simulations …
The Double-Edged Sword Of Social Media Usage During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Demographical And Cultural Analyses, Khaled A. Alshare, Murad Moqbel, Mohammad I. Merhi
The Double-Edged Sword Of Social Media Usage During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Demographical And Cultural Analyses, Khaled A. Alshare, Murad Moqbel, Mohammad I. Merhi
Information Systems Faculty Publications
Purpose
This exploratory research aims to (1) investigate the bright and dark sides of social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) explore the impact of demographic factors on social media usage; and (3) assess the effects of cultural dimensions on social media usage.
Design/methodology/approach
The data are collected through an online survey. Factors derived from grounded theories and models such as affordance theory and Hofstede's cultural framework were considered. Spearman correlation and nonparametric analysis were used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results revealed that social media usage was positively associated with healing and affiliation, and negatively associated with …
Bernard Parks, Et. Al. V. Kelly King, Et. Al., Ordr On Defendants' Motion For Summary Judgment And Motion To Dismiss, John J. Goger
Bernard Parks, Et. Al. V. Kelly King, Et. Al., Ordr On Defendants' Motion For Summary Judgment And Motion To Dismiss, John J. Goger
Superior Court of Fulton County: Metro Atlanta Business Case Division Opinions
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Organized Activism On Technology Sharing, Ahmed Chennak, Amalia Yiannaka
The Impact Of Organized Activism On Technology Sharing, Ahmed Chennak, Amalia Yiannaka
Cornhusker Economics
What factors influence a firm's decision to share its technology with competitors? While patent licensing has received considerable attention in the literature, studies have typically focused on the optimal licensing contract for product and process innovations in various market settings. A key finding of this literature is that the optimal licensing strategy depends on the type of the patentee; that is, whether the patentee is a producer in the market (insider patentee) or not (outsider patentee). Little attention has been given, however, to the role the general public can play on firms' incentives to share their innovations through licensing contracts …
2023-01-20 Institutional Animal Care And Use Committee Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate., Institutional Animal Care And Use Committee.
2023-01-20 Institutional Animal Care And Use Committee Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate., Institutional Animal Care And Use Committee.
Faculty Senate Records
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee meeting minutes of January 20, 2023.
Rogue Entrepreneurship, Russ Mcbride, Mark D. Packard, Brent B. Clark
Rogue Entrepreneurship, Russ Mcbride, Mark D. Packard, Brent B. Clark
Marketing & Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications
We suggest a new category of “rogue entrepreneurship,” that describes entrepreneurial activity where the core business idea violates established or expert consensus, to be contrasted with “conforming entrepreneurship,” where it does not. There are large entrepreneurial rents hidden behind a bulwark of expert consensus that predicts doom for a venture based upon a rogue and unlikely claim. The “rogue” cases, where the predominant assessment context is different from the entrepreneur’s, result in broad skepticism against the entrepreneurial claim. We explain what rogue entrepreneurship is and how it works.
“What important truth do very few people agree with you on? A …
Heifers On Feed Indicate Long-Term Liquidation Still Occurring, Elliott James Dennis
Heifers On Feed Indicate Long-Term Liquidation Still Occurring, Elliott James Dennis
Cornhusker Economics
This article was first published in the Livestock Marketing Information Centers' (LMIC) In the Cattle Markets newsletter on January 9, 2023.
Combining the historical quarterly percentage of heifers on feed and cattle inventory report can provide an indicator of how many heifers will be held back for replacement in the 2023 report.
The Effect Of Firm Size And Financial Distress On Going Concern Audit Opinion, Muhammad Arya Lokamandala, Poppy Sofia Koeswayo, Devianti Yunita Harahap
The Effect Of Firm Size And Financial Distress On Going Concern Audit Opinion, Muhammad Arya Lokamandala, Poppy Sofia Koeswayo, Devianti Yunita Harahap
Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business
This study aims to analyze the effect of firm size and financial distress on the reception of the going concern audit opinion in the Accommodation and Food and Beverages Sub-Sector listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2019 and 2021. This study employed the quantitative approach and the methods of descriptive and verification analysis. The data analyzed in this study came from secondary sources. The data were analyzed using descriptive and logistic regression analysis. These analyses show that firm size and financial distress do not significantly impact the going concern audit opinion in the Accommodation and Food and Beverages sector …
2023-January-17-Animation School Rankings, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
2023-January-17-Animation School Rankings, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University
ETSU News
JOHNSON CITY (Jan. 17, 2023) — East Tennessee State University has been ranked the top animation school in Tennessee and No. 7 nationally among schools offering an animation-related B.S. degree in the 2023 Animation School Rankings.
The online resource Animation Career Review considered nearly 200 schools with animation programs across the United States in determining the 12th annual rankings.
The ETSU Digital Media Department in the College of Business and Technology offers a Bachelor of Science in digital media with concentrations in animation, game design, visualization and visual effects. There is also a digital media minor for students …
Why So Serious? Using The Belongingness Need Tenet From The Self-Determination Theory To Examine Workplace Humor And Its Outcomes, Katharine Lucille Mcmahon
Why So Serious? Using The Belongingness Need Tenet From The Self-Determination Theory To Examine Workplace Humor And Its Outcomes, Katharine Lucille Mcmahon
Dissertations and Theses
The small body of literature for workplace humor remains fragmented due to the lack of coherence in conceptualization and theory. Furthermore, the distinction between positive and negative humor adds complexity to predicting the outcomes of humor. Focusing on the foundation aspect of humor as a form of social play provides guidance on choosing a theory-informed integrative framework that could explain the implications of humor in the workplace. The belongingness need tenet of the self-determination theory offers a promising framework to synthesize existing research and to direct future studies. Paper 1 reviews the literature and concludes with an integrative framework suggesting …
Does Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis Affect Csr Costs? Case Of Indonesia, Elisabeth Ria Viana Praningtyas, Rini Subekti, Putu Ayu Anggya Agustina
Does Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis Affect Csr Costs? Case Of Indonesia, Elisabeth Ria Viana Praningtyas, Rini Subekti, Putu Ayu Anggya Agustina
Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business
The outbreak of COVID-19 that has been happening all around the world since early 2020 was a tough challenge for business entities. What was let down to keep the business alive was none other than sustainability performance, which is funded by CSR cost. This study examines the potential moderation effect of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the relationship between the company size and the current ratio of CSR costs, especially for developing countries. The data was collected from public companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019-2020. This study shows that regarding the size of the company, the commitment to …
Framing Esports’ Jedi Issues: A Case Study In Media Irresponsibility, David Painter, Brittani Sahm
Framing Esports’ Jedi Issues: A Case Study In Media Irresponsibility, David Painter, Brittani Sahm
Faculty Publications
Purpose: This investigation analyzes Asian, European, and North American coverage of esports’ justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (JEDI) issues as a case study of media organizations’ communications on these topics.
Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative content analysis describes coverage of esports’ race, gender, age, and social class issues to draw inferences about media organizations’ abilities to meet their social responsibilities when reporting on organizational JEDI issues.
Findings: There were significant differences across continents; however, most stories only mentioned gender and age, seldom noting esports’ race or social class issues.
Research limitations/implications: Although all stories analyzed were published in English, the findings extend …
Markets, Businesses, And Consumption In Refugees Settlements: A Review And Future Research Trajectory, Stefanie Beninger
Markets, Businesses, And Consumption In Refugees Settlements: A Review And Future Research Trajectory, Stefanie Beninger
Markets, Globalization & Development Review
The global refugee crisis is increasing, and many refugees will end up living in refugee settlements, also known as refugee camps. These settlements have dynamic economic activities, and such activities deserve attention. This paper draws upon academic and practitioner work to describe pertinent aspects of consumption, businesses, and markets in these settlements, including in relation to multiple stakeholders. These stakeholders can include, for example, governments, aid agencies, private sector, and local community groups. Based on these insights, the paper identifies key theoretical areas in need of attention related to these economic activities in refugee settlements, including market change, resilience, and …
From Well-Side Meetings To Pelican Strategy: A Context-Based Approach To Combat Corruption, Lili Yan
From Well-Side Meetings To Pelican Strategy: A Context-Based Approach To Combat Corruption, Lili Yan
Pace International Law Review
This article takes up the question of what strategy is to be used among different communities to eradicate corruption across borders. The debate between two legal scholars, Steven Salbu and Philip Nichols, over the viability of extraterritorial application of anti-bribery laws remains thought-provoking when we look at the effectiveness of the OECD Anti-bribery Convention or FCPA in curbing corruption. Empirical research shows that firms from countries with extraterritorial legal restrictions do not necessarily refrain themselves from paying bribes in foreign transactions. This article ties the Salbu-Nichols’ debate, ISCT, mediating institutions theory, and Pelican Gambits strategy together to structure a context …
Vulnerability And Resilience In A Tourism Destination, Sergio Alvarez, Alan Fyall
Vulnerability And Resilience In A Tourism Destination, Sergio Alvarez, Alan Fyall
Rosen Research Review
In an industry that is critically vulnerable to hazards, some destinations are hit harder than others by the same or similar events. UCF Rosen College of Hospitality Management researchers, Dr. Sergio Alvarez and Dr. Alan Fyall, have developed a conceptual model that sees the destination's vulnerability as the sum of its physical, social-cultural, economic, ecological/environmental, and institutional vulnerabilities, nestled within its level of exposure to different hazards. Their framework offers to better equip destination management organizations (DMOs) by identifying vulnerabilities and facilitating more effective planning and decision making.
Relationship Between E-Crm, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, And Loyalty In Banking Industry, Shymaa Mohamed Mohamed Abdeldayem, Engy Yehia, Mohamed Marie
Relationship Between E-Crm, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, And Loyalty In Banking Industry, Shymaa Mohamed Mohamed Abdeldayem, Engy Yehia, Mohamed Marie
Future Computing and Informatics Journal
E-CRM strives to enhance customer service, build relationships with customers, and keep key clients. E-CRM deals with technology, people, and processes and with the goal of fostering customer loyalty. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between E-CRM, service quality, customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty in banking industry. In order to gather sufficient reviews, a literature review was carried out utilizing a number of corresponding publications that were indexed in reliable databases. A model that highlights the relation between E-CRM and customer satisfaction, service quality, trust, and loyalty is also shown in this study. The supervisors of administrative organizations can …
Key Performance Indicators Detection Based Data Mining, Fatma Abogabal, Shimaa Mohamed Ouf, Amira M. Idrees Ami
Key Performance Indicators Detection Based Data Mining, Fatma Abogabal, Shimaa Mohamed Ouf, Amira M. Idrees Ami
Future Computing and Informatics Journal
One of the most prosperous domains that Data mining accomplished a great progress is Food Security and safety. Some of Data mining techniques studies applied several machine learning algorithms to enhance and traceability of food supply chain safety procedures and some of them applying machine learning methodologies with several feature selection methods for detecting and predicting the most significant key performance indicators affect food safety. In this research we proposed an adaptive data mining model applying nine machine learning algorithms (Naive Bayes, Bayes Net Key -Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), J48, Hoeffding …
Benefits Of Medical Thc For Neurological Disorders In The U.S., Andrew Lester, Alexandria Gartin
Benefits Of Medical Thc For Neurological Disorders In The U.S., Andrew Lester, Alexandria Gartin
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Introduction: The introduction of THC into the medical field has allowed medical professionals to offer a new treatment option to aid in their patients treatment plan by decreasing their symptoms of side effects of other medications used for their conditions.
Methodology: This study utilized a literature review. Five databases were used to collect 116 total sources. These sources were reviewed and reduced to 33 sources that were used in the written research. Of these, 16 sources were used in the results section.
Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this research was to analyze the prescription use of …
Is There A Relationship Between Sport Gambling And Fandom?, Jacob Stonick, Sean Callahan, Caleb Terry
Is There A Relationship Between Sport Gambling And Fandom?, Jacob Stonick, Sean Callahan, Caleb Terry
Sport Management Student Projects
Our group looked into the relatioship between sport gambling and the impact it has on the experience of viewing an event.