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Growth Lines In Chione Fluctifraga And Prothaca Staminea (Bivalvia): Precision Of Counting And Comparisons Of Size, Age, Intertidal Location And Taxa, David M. Crabtree

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Because formation of growth lines in the shells of bivalve molluscs is affected by environmental parameters, the growth lines should contain much information about the environments in which the animals live. However, the use of growth lines in ecology· and paleontology is limited by ambiguity in their identification.

Chione fluctifraga and Protothaca staminea were collected, marked, and replanted. C. fluctifraga were grown at three intertidal levels over a vertical range of one meter. In addition, P. staminea were grown at the middle level. All specimens were re-collected after 47 days. Acetate peels of shell cross sections were use for growth …

The Role Of Zinc In Dihydroorotase, Pamela S. Gilchrist

Dissertations and Theses

Dihydroorotase (4,4—dihydroorotic acid amidolyase, EC 3.5.2.3.) which catalyzes the reversible cyclization of N-carbamyl-L-aspartate to L-dihydroorotate has been purified from orotate-grown Clostridium oroticum. The enzyme is stable in 0.3 M sodium chloride and 10 µ ZnSO₄. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis indicates the enzyme to be composed of two identical subunits each with a molecular weight of 58,000 + 6000. Dihydroorotase is shown to be a zinc-containing metalloenzyme with 2 g atoms of zinc per 58,000 g of protein. The role of zinc in dihydroorotase is discussed.

The Effect Of 900 Hz And 1200 Hz Audible Sound On The Germination And Development Of Seeds Of Oats, Wheat And Cucumber, Augustina Gyimah

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The Suprapharyngeal Ganglia In Regulation Of Oxidative Metabolism In The Intestinal Mitochondria Of Lumbricus Terrestris, Raymond H. Fetterer

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Populations Of Lepomis Auritus (Redbreast Sunfish) In A Thermally Influenced Section Of The James River, Virginia, John Rawls Saecker

Master's Theses

From October 1971 - September 1973, electrofishing was used to collect 1004 specimens of Lepomis auritus (year classes 0 - V) from a thermally influenced section of the James River near Blemo Bluff, Virginia. Collections of fish from the natural and heated water temperature habitats were analyzed as to year classes, season, length and sex.

The Effects Of Topical Nitrogen Mustard On The Pigment System In Pet/Wmr Mouse Epidermis, Ronald Lee Salisbury

Master's Theses

Miniature melanocytes have been observed scattered among the typical melanocytes in the skin of the PET/Wmr mouse strain, They are weakly DOPA reactive and their cell bodies and nuclei are one quarter the size of those in typical melanocytes, Both populations reach a peak during the first postnatal week and then gradually disappear within the following three weeks. The miniatures appear very early and are among the last cells to disappear. During the first postnatal week, their population remains relatively constant against a radically changing population of typical melanocytes. That they may represent a stage in the development of typical …

Melanin In The Longnose Gar, Lepisosteus Osseus, George William Minson

Master's Theses

Examination was made of the melanophores of three Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar), one dark, one intermediate, and one normal in pigmentation. Melanophore counts were made per mm² from anterior, mid, and posterior areas of both the dorsal and ventral surfaces of each of the three fish. The data were tested with a four-factor analysis of variance. By microscopic examination the melanophores were classified as to branching in the sample areas. Neither number of melanophores nor degree of branching explained divergence in pigmentation. However, divergence was attributed to the melanosome color and concentration in the melanophores.

Effects Of Hypobaric Hypoxia On Serotonin In Mouse Brain, Jacob Dale Peuler

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Mydis (Crustacea) From The Tanzanian Waters, Mihai Bacescu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This is the first study on Mysids from the Tanzanian coast waters, in which, on the basis of material captured by himself, the author deals with some species belonging to the subfamily of Gastrosaccidae and Mysinae. Of the about 20 species identified so far in the collected material, five are new, namely: Gastrosaccus  msangii n.sp.; Anisomysis kunduchiana n.sp.; Tenagomysis tanzaniana n.sp.; Anisomysis sirielloides n.sp. and Mysidopsis coralicola n.sp. and six others are new to the area. Ecological and ethological data concerning all species mentioned are given.

Chromosome Numbers Of Angiosperms In Tanzania, L.S. Gill, F.L. S

Tanzania Journal of Science

Chromosome Numbers of 30 taxa of angiosperms from Tanzania are reported. Of these, counts of 8 species are new. The occurrence of B-chromosome in Ornithogalum longibracteatum is reported for the first time.

Biochemical Description Of A Lava Tube Lake In Southeast Oregon, John Edward Palmer

Dissertations and Theses

A Pleistocene lava tube cave in southeast Oregon has a seasonally fluctuating lake occupying the last 1200 to 2000 feet. Three endemic invertebrate species inhabit the lake: Kenkia rynchida Hyman; Asellus sp.; and Stygobromus hubbsi Shoemaker. Little is known however, about their environment. The purpose of this study was to describe various physical and chemical parameters of Malheur Cave Lake.

Effects Of Antifibroblast Antiserum On Cells Derived From Fibroblast Outgrowth Of Human Prostatic Tissues, Eva Shang-Lian King

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to provide pure cultures of normal human prostatic epithelium free of fibroblasts in order to study malignant conversion by chemical carcinogens. Normal epithelial cells were needed because this was the cell type implicated in prostatic malignancies of human subjects. Unfortunately fibroblasts grew faster than epithelial cells so that cultures were always overgrown with connective tissue elements. It was considered important to find a method which would eliminate fibroblasts so that normal epithelial cells could grow out in pure culture.

A Preliminary Survey Of The Vascular Flora Of Upper Tygarts Creek, Carter County, Kentucky, William Michael Huffaker

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by William Michael Huffaker on July 23, 1975.

Stability Of Small Unisexual-Bisexual Populations Of Poeciliopsis (Pisces: Poeciliidae), William S. Moore

Biological Sciences Faculty Research Publications

All-female species of Poeciliopsis depend upon ♂ ♂ of closely related species for sperm. This relationship creates a competitive situation in which bisexual ♀ ♀ compete with unisexual ♀ ♀ for sperm from ♂ ♂ of the bisexual species. Earlier studies demonstrated a sufficient mechanism inherent in the behavior of ♂ ♂ for allowing coexistence in mixed unisexual-bisexual populations. Courtship preference of ♂ ♂ for conspecific ♀ ♀ is dynamically countered by social interaction among ♂ ♂ : subordinate males mate with unisexual ♀ ♀ in impetuous courtships. The Poeciliopsis monacha-Poeciliopsis 2 monacha-lucida complex occurs naturally in small isolated populations …

Comparative Bioenergetics Of Insects From Young & Old Plant Ecosystems, Joyce Wright

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Caloric values of insects and arachnids from two woods and two meadow ecosystems were compared. No significant difference was found between the orders Diptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, or Coleoptera. Caloric values of the class Arachnida were significantly higher in the woods ecosystem at the .05 level of significance. The order Lepidoptera differed at the .01 level of significance and was also higher in the woods samples. For all orders combined the caloric values of the woods samples were higher than the meadow samples at the .001 level of significance.

No consistent pattern was found in seasonal variation in caloric …

The Life History Of The Teardrop Darter, Etheostoma Barbouri Kuehne And Small, In Kentucky, Rory Flynn

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The life history of the teardrop darter, Etheoctoma (Catonotus) barbouri Kuehne and Small, was intensively studied from September, 1972, through August 1973. A total of 299 teardrop darters was seined from two isolated populations in Alexander and Little Muddy Creeks, Kentucky. These darters are known only to occur in second, third or fourth order tributaries of the Green River in Kentucky and Tennessee, and normally seek protection afforded by rocky or vegetated edges of such streams.

Gonosomatic ratios indicated that teardrop darters spawned from late March through late May in waters 12.5 - 15.5 C. Young females developed primary ova …

Interactions In The Frequencies Of Electric Organ Discharge By Eigenmannia Virescens (Sternopygidae, Pisces) During Social Behavior, Philip Gaddis

Dissertations and Theses

The extent to which individuals of Eigenmannia virescens modulate their electric organ discharge frequencies to accommodate the frequencies of others of the same species during social interactions was investigated. Recordings of the fish's discharge frequencies, taken with Tektronix 3L5 and 5L4N spectrum analyzers, showed that, although movements of up to 60 Hz in a day may be made, the frequency movements would be made more or less synchronously by all fish in the group. An apparent preference for, and a tendency of the fish to follow one another in frequency, at frequency ratios of 2:3 (a musical fifth), 3:4 (fourth), …

The Effects Of Heat And Co-60 [Gamma]-Radiation On The Oocysts Of Eimeria Nieschulzi, George A. Conder

Biology ETDs

Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria nieschulzi Dieben, 1924, a rat coccidium, were exposed to radiation, to heat, or to both in an effort to attenuate the parasite. In addition, studies were conducted on the excystation capabilities and infectivity of treated sporozoites and on their immunogenic potential. These observations were correlated with the immune response of the host. Treatments had no effect on oocyst structure but altered the excystation process and decreased the percentage of sporozoites capable of excysting. Moderate levels of radiation, of heat, or of both radiation and heat attenuated the parasite, reduced pathological effect (as judged by oocyst discharge …

The Distribution Of The Deer Mouse, Peromyscus Maniculatus, On The Oregon Side Of The Columbia River Gorge, Ronald P. Neilson

Dissertations and Theses

A study of the biogeography of Peromyscus maniculatus was undertaken in order to ascertain a few of the environmental parameters important in defining the distribution of this species and how the species in turn has adapted to these parameters. The Columbia Gorge was chosen as it presents a climatic gradient from maritime to continental with very little elevation gain. Changes along this gradient in topography, soils and vegetation community structure are discussed.

A Comparative Study Of Tree Structure And Composition Of A Mixed Coniferous Forest And Sequoia Groves In Sequoia National Park, California, Edwin L. Christiansen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Forest structure in the giant sequoia grove and in the surrounding mixed coniferous forest is dominated by Abies concolor. The large basal area of Sequoiadendron giganteum is significant within the grove in terms of relative dominance but does not offset the density of Abies concolor which showed nearly identical importance values within and outside the giant sequoia groves.

Forest height and overstory density of the sequoia grove exceeded that of the mixed conifer forest.

A Biochemical Analysis Of Viscin From Arceuthobium Tsugense, Peter J. Paquet

Dissertations and Theses

The viscin coating of seeds from Arceuthobium tsugense was analyzed histochemically. The results indicated that the viscin is composed of two components. The first is a muculagenous pectic compound which surrounds the entire seed and accounts for a number of observed phenomenon such as stickiness, water holding capacity and the ability to undergo repeated drying and rehydration. The second component is made up of a large number of cellulose strands which are attached to the endocarp and run throughout the pectic coating. Scanning electron micrographs show that they are thought to be important in maintaining the integrity of the pectic …

The Humoral Response Of Inbred Female Rats To Eimeria Nieschulzi Dieben, Lanna Ruth Schoonover Bartholomew

Biology ETDs

The humeral response of 32-day-old specific-pathogen-free Fisher 344 strain inbred albino female rats to a 5,000 sporulated oocyst inoculum of Eimeria nieschulzi at post­inoculation day 0 (PI+0) was followed for 77 days, as were syngeneic uninfected control rats of the same age. Some of these infected rats were challenged with 50,000 sporulated oocysts at PI+15 and followed through PI+77; some were challenged with 50,000 sporulated oocysts at PI+15 and PI+60 and followed through PI+77; and some were challenged with 50,000 sporulated oocysts at PI+60 and followed through PI+77. The Pfizer agarose system of analysis was used for the serum and …

Avian Community Structure In The Sangre De Cristo Mountains, New Mexico, Peter H. Pache

Biology ETDs

Three avian communities (spruce-fir, aspen, and pinon-juniper) were studied from April to August, 1973, in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, in north-central New Mexico. An additional pinon-juniper community was studied from June to August, 1973, in the Manzano Mountains, east of Albuquerque, New Mexico. The Emlen technique (1971) was used and evaluated. Transects one mile in length were set-up in the above communities and song and non-song detections were tabulated out to a 412-foot (126 meter) line on both sides of the transect. This census method appears more realistic, in terms of community complexity, than the expansion census methods; however, …

Lethatlity Of And Elicitation Of Protective Antibody By Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Attc 17803, Richard Carlucci

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The LD₅₀ of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17803 for 13- to 18-g male mice, strain ICR, as determined by the 50% endpoint method, was found to be an estimated 7 x 10⁷ CFU, when administered intraperitoneally in 0.5 ml of 24-h broth culture, O. D. 0.5 at 650 nm, diluted to 10^-0.72.

The elicitation of protective antibody by this bacterium in male New Zealand White rabbits was demonstrated by testing control, baseline, and hyperimmune rabbit sera for their protective effect against 2 LD₅₀ of the bacterium administered intraperitoneally in 13- to 18-g male mice, strain ICR. …

Structure & Composition Of A Climax Forest System In Boone County, Kentucky, Michael Held

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The structure and composition of a 52 hectare mature mesic hardwood forest in Boone County, Kentucky was studied during 1973-74. Acer saccharum was the dominant tree species of the entire forest, with Fraxinus americana as the subdominant. In the understory vegetation, Acer and Fraxinus were among the dominant genera, thus this forest system can be described as being at the climax stage of development. A previously cleared area in the forest was also analyzed. It was found that the dominant tree species of the canopy were also dominant in the genera of the understory in the disturbed area, indicating a …

Anatomical & Phenological Variation Of Liquidambar Styraciflua L. Under Controlled Environmental Conditions, William Randel

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A large degree of variation in fiber tracheid length, wood specific gravity, and time of apical bud formation existed within two populations of Liquidambar styraciflua L. from south central Kentucky. The variation exhibited by these populations may be attributed to the self-sterility of Liquidambar and the variable environment of south central Kentucky.

Variation of fiber tracheid length and wood specific gravity within the two populations was significant. Fiber tracheid length was dependent on temperature and photoperiod while wood specific gravity was primarily dependent on temperature. A significant level of variation was also evident between the two populations regarding tracheid length. …

Effects Of Photoperiod, Temperature And Preconditioning On The Molt Cycle Of Samples From A Michigan Population Of Orconectes Immunis (Hagen), Robert Van Hoff

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Immature Orconectes immunis were obtained from Michigan in August, 1973, and July 1974 to determine the effects of photoperiod and temperature on the molt cycle of the crayfish and to test the effects of preconditioning on this species at a cold (7C) temperature from 45 to 90 days. Two sets of 3 experiments were conducted, each involving photoperiod, temperature and preconditioning. The first experiment of each set was initiated within a day after bringing the animals from the field, the subsequent two experiments of each set being initiated at 45-day intervals thereafter.

There were significant responses to photoperiod among the …

The Metabolism Of Tartaric Acid By Aspergillus Ficuum, Larry Daniel

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Soil samples were screened for organisms which decompose tartaric acid as an energy source. Several microorganisms were isolated which were capable of metabolizing tartaric acid. The organism which grew best was identified as Aspergillus ficuum and used in this study. This organism, when grown in tartrate medium, resulted in a decrease in optical rotation and density of the culture medium. The pH of the culture filtrate increased with a concurrent increase in mycelial weight. Analysis of culture filtrates by gas chromatography indicate that the first intermediate compound detected in tartrate decomposition by A. ficuum is glycolic acid. The terminal metabolite …

Effects Of The Toxins Of The Ectoproct, Lophopodella Carteri, On Oxygen Consumption In Gill Tissues Of The Bluegill, Lepomis Macrochirus, Barbara Harper Green

Master's Theses

Large and small bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, were exposed to homogena tes of Lophopodella carteri, an ectoproct that contains substances toxic to some gilled vertebrates. Oxygen consumption tests on the excised gill tissues of the bluegill indicated that the ectoproct toxins caused a lowering of oxygen consumption of the gill tissues. Oxygen consumption of the gill tissues of the smaller fish was reduced to a greater extent than that of larger fish. An inverse relationship was found be tween the temperature of the medium and the period of time for death to occur. It is proposed that the toxins cause physiological …

Dispersion Of The Host Specific Phytophagous Insects Of Duncecap Larkspur (Delphinium Occidentale) In The Wasatch Mountains Of Utah, Robert L. Bayn Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Populations of Delphinium occidentale (Ranunculaceae)were monitored over two summers for the presence and dispersion of various life stages of several host specific phytophagous insects. Observations were made at several sites in the Wasatch National Forest east of Logan, Utah. Two species of larkspur aphid (Aphis rociadae and Kakimia wahinkae) were encountered. Although dispersal of alate individuals resulted in widespread infestation of the host plant population, aphids occurred initially on the same one or few plants at each site both springs. Little coexistence of the two species of aphid on the same plant was observed, perhaps because they partitioned …