Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Biology

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 31381 - 31410 of 39364

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine Jan 2006

Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine

Biological Sciences

Biologists at Lassen Volcanic National Park in northern California conducted an inventory of non-flying small mammals, amphibians and reptiles from 2000 through 2004. The four primary habitat types in the park (brush, forest, riparian and subalpine) were each sampled at one high elevation and one mid-elevation site in the park. Each of the eight sites was sampled for four six-day periods between June and September each year using a combination of pitfall, Sherman and Tomahawk traps, coverboards and unbaited automatic camera stations. This effort yielded 12,150 captures and 776 photo detections. A total of 649 voucher specimens, representing 19 mammal, …

Go to article

The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article focuses on the issue regarding the existence of ball lightning. The phenomenon regarding its existence is a reality accepted by most scientists, but how it is formed and maintained has yet to be fully explained. According to the author the rarity of ball lightning and the ease with which some of its characteristics can be confused with other Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO) that makes it unlikely to be the source of all but a few UFO reports.

Go to article

The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article discusses the mystery of how Coral Castle near Miami, Florida was built. It is believed that the castle was built by a single man using only simple hand tools. The man who said to built the castle was Latvia-born Edward Leedskalnin. How he supported himself and paid for the land and tools for building a castle is an important part of the mystery.

Go to article

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Growth Under Low-Iron Conditions And Survival Under High-Magnesium Conditions, Chia-Hsin Ju, P.S. Marie Yeung, Jessica Oesterling, Daniel A. Seigerman, Kathryn J. Boor Jan 2006

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Growth Under Low-Iron Conditions And Survival Under High-Magnesium Conditions, Chia-Hsin Ju, P.S. Marie Yeung, Jessica Oesterling, Daniel A. Seigerman, Kathryn J. Boor

Biological Sciences

Since 1996, Vibrio parahaemoiyticus serotype 03:K6 and closely related strains have been associated with an increased incidence of V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis worldwide, suggesting the emergence of strains with enhanced abilities to cause disease. One hypothesis for the recent emergence of V. porahaemolyticus 03:K6 and related strains is an enhanced capacity for environmental survival relative to other strains, which might result in increased human exposure to these organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survival or growth characteristics of clinical V. parahaemolyticus isolates differ from those of nonclinical isolates under different environmental conditions. Twenty- six …

Go to article

Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller Jan 2006

Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller

Biology Department Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Effect Of Prey Availability On Metabolism And Activity In The Tarantula Phormictopus Cancerides (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Benjamin Nathan Philip Jan 2006

The Effect Of Prey Availability On Metabolism And Activity In The Tarantula Phormictopus Cancerides (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Benjamin Nathan Philip

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study examined the effect of different periods of food deprivation on resting metabolic rates (RMR) and foraging activities in tarantulas (Phormictopus cancerides). Juvenile tarantulas were separated into two feeding groups and fed once either every 5 or 30 days. Monthly feeding trials were preceded by RMR measurements. During feeding trials I compared differences between the two groups in (1) prey capture rates, (2) time to prey capture, (3) locomotory activity, and (4) the predator’s prey detection distance. RMRs increased for the well-fed group but remained consistent for individuals, fed only once a month. Time to prey capture …

Go to article

The Influence Of Woodlot Size And Location In Suburban And Rural Matrices On Bird Species Richness And Individual Abundance, Neil Allen Chartier Jan 2006

The Influence Of Woodlot Size And Location In Suburban And Rural Matrices On Bird Species Richness And Individual Abundance, Neil Allen Chartier

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study assessed the influence of woodlot area and matrix composition on bird species richness and individual abundance. Bird surveys were conducted in winter 2004 and 2005 and spring 2005. Woodlot area and landscape composition were analyzed using GIS software. In winter, resident species richness and abundance increased as landscape diversity increased, whereas in spring, resident species richness decreased with increased landscape openness and abundance increased as woodlot area increased. Spring migrant species richness increased with increased landscape openness, and abundance decreased as woodlot area increased. In winter, Tufted Titmice were more likely to be present in smaller woodlots, whereas …

Go to article

Man-Made Menopause, Madeline Horwitz Jan 2006

Man-Made Menopause, Madeline Horwitz

Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)

In this study I suggest that there are three distinct time periods mark new developments in society’s understanding of menopause, Victorian America in the mid and late nineteenth century, mid-twentieth century America, and contemporary America. This is the case not only in terms of advances in biological science, but also the ways in which the medical establishment has viewed menopause has also changed, and in terms of changes in prevalent gender assumptions. In this paper I hope to expose the ways science, history, and society has medicalized menopause, and the ways in which menopause has been viewed by individual women, …

Go to article

Notopleural Mutations Enhance Defects In Imaginal Disc Epithelial Morphogenesis And Macrochete Elongation Associated With Mutations In The Stubble-Stubbloid Locus, Robert Ruggiero Jan 2006

Notopleural Mutations Enhance Defects In Imaginal Disc Epithelial Morphogenesis And Macrochete Elongation Associated With Mutations In The Stubble-Stubbloid Locus, Robert Ruggiero

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Stubble-stubbloid locus encodes a transmembrane serine protease (Stubble) necessary for the proper formation of sensory bristles, and the morphogenesis of leg and wing epithelia. Genetic and cell biological analysis indicate a role for Stubble in actin cytoskeletal dynamics and cell shape changes in developing epithelia and bristles. Previously reported genetic interactions between Stubble and the Rho1 signaling pathway suggest Stubble influences actin cytoskeleton dynamics in developing imaginal discs through interactions with the Rho1 pathway. This work will discuss a genetic screen conducted to further investigate the role of Stubble in bristle and imaginal disc morphogenesis. From 50,000 EMS-mutagenized chromosomes …

Go to article

Variation In Beach Profile And Sediment Characteristics At Popham Beach, Phippsburg, Me, Kathryn Lidington Jan 2006

Variation In Beach Profile And Sediment Characteristics At Popham Beach, Phippsburg, Me, Kathryn Lidington

Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)

No abstract provided.

Go to article

"Inventaire Rapide Des Crustacés Décapodes De La Préfecture De Boké En Guinée" , Neil Cumberlidge Jan 2006

"Inventaire Rapide Des Crustacés Décapodes De La Préfecture De Boké En Guinée" , Neil Cumberlidge

Book Sections/Chapters

No abstract provided.

Go to article

" Description Des Éspeces De Crustacés Collectées Dans Le Nord-Ouest De La Guinée" , Neil Cumberlidge Jan 2006

" Description Des Éspeces De Crustacés Collectées Dans Le Nord-Ouest De La Guinée" , Neil Cumberlidge

Book Sections/Chapters

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mechanisms Of Genotoxin-Induced Transcription And Hypermutation In P53, Barbara E. Wright, Jacqueline Reimers, Karen Schmidt, Evan Burkala, Ping Wei, Ping Wei Jan 2006

Mechanisms Of Genotoxin-Induced Transcription And Hypermutation In P53, Barbara E. Wright, Jacqueline Reimers, Karen Schmidt, Evan Burkala, Ping Wei, Ping Wei

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

It is widely assumed that genotoxin-induced damage (e.g., G-to-T transversions) to the tumor suppressor gene, p53, is a direct cause of cancer. However, genotoxins also induce the stress response, which upregulates p53 transcription and the formation of secondary structures from ssDNA. Since unpaired bases are thermodynamically unstable and intrinsically mutable, increased transcription could be the cause of hypermutation, and thus cancer. Support for this hypothesis has been obtained by analyzing 6662 mutations in all types of cancer compared to lung and colon cancers, using the p53 mutation database. The data suggest that genotoxins have two independent effects: first, they induce …

Go to article

Occurrence, Persistence, And Expansion Of Saltcedar (Tamarix Spp.) Populations In The Great Plains Of Montana, Jason P. Sexton, Anna Sala, Kevin Murray Jan 2006

Occurrence, Persistence, And Expansion Of Saltcedar (Tamarix Spp.) Populations In The Great Plains Of Montana, Jason P. Sexton, Anna Sala, Kevin Murray

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.), a shrub native to Eurasia, is associated with major alterations to wetland and riparian systems in the southwestern United States. Since the 1960s saltcedar has been naturalized in northern states of the U.S. where its growth potential and impacts are not well known. Here, we describe the occurrence, age, size, and relative cover of saltcedar populations in several river basins in central eastern Montana, USA, to identify potential patterns of spread across the region and changes in individual populations as they age. Stands were aged according to the oldest saltcedar individuals and were sampled for dominant plant …

Go to article

Northern Region Landbird Monitoring Program: A Usfs-University Of Montana Partnership Designed To Provide Both Short-Term And Long-Term Feedback For Land Managers, Richard L. Hutto, Skip Kowalski Jan 2006

Northern Region Landbird Monitoring Program: A Usfs-University Of Montana Partnership Designed To Provide Both Short-Term And Long-Term Feedback For Land Managers, Richard L. Hutto, Skip Kowalski

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The Northern Region Landbird Monitoring Program (NRLMP) began in 1990 as a cooperative effort between the United States Forest Service (USFS) and the University of Montana. The combination of a research-oriented perspective from the University and a management-needs perspective from the National Forests within the Northern Region led to the realization that landbirds as a group might serve as a powerful tool to address more widespread monitoring needs in the USFS Northern Region. The program quickly evolved from one that was put into place specifically to use federally earmarked dollars to address neotropical migratory bird conservation, into a more general …

Go to article

Analyzing Dna Microarrays With Undergraduate Statisticians, Johanna S. Hardin, Laura Hoopes, Ryan Murphy '06 Jan 2006

Analyzing Dna Microarrays With Undergraduate Statisticians, Johanna S. Hardin, Laura Hoopes, Ryan Murphy '06

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

With advances in technology, biologists have been saddled with high dimensional data that need modern statistical methodology for analysis. DNA microarrays are able to simultaneously measure thousands of genes (and the activity of those genes) in a single sample. Biologists use microarrays to trace connections between pathways or to identify all genes that respond to a signal. The statistical tools we usually teach our undergraduates are inadequate for analyzing thousands of measurements on tens of samples. The project materials include readings on microarrays as well as computer lab activities. The topics covered include image analysis, filtering and normalization techniques, and …

Go to article

Mapping And Characterization Of 18-5 And 12-5, Genes Which Potentially Link The Rhoa Signaling Pathway To The Ecdysone Response, Samuel Fox Jan 2006

Mapping And Characterization Of 18-5 And 12-5, Genes Which Potentially Link The Rhoa Signaling Pathway To The Ecdysone Response, Samuel Fox

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Systemic steroid hormone and intracellular signaling pathways are known to act cooperatively during the development of vertebrate and invertebrate epithelia. However, the mechanism of this interaction is poorly understood. Morphogenesis of Drosophila leg imaginal disc epithelia is regulated both by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysone) and the RhoA GTPase signaling pathway. Recent evidence suggests that these pathways act cooperatively to control imaginal disc morphogenesis. Thus, leg imaginal disc morphogenesis is an excellent system in which to study the interaction of steroid hormone and intracellular signaling pathways. We have identified mutations in three genes, 12-5, 18-5, and 31-6, with roles in …

Go to article

Rack1 Mediates Multiple Hormone Responsiveness And Developmental Processes In Arabidopsis, Hemayet Ullah Jan 2006

Rack1 Mediates Multiple Hormone Responsiveness And Developmental Processes In Arabidopsis, Hemayet Ullah

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

The scaffold protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) serves as an integrative point for diverse signal transduction pathways. The Arabidopsis genome contains three RACK1 orthologues, however, little is known about their functions. It is reported here that one memberof this gene family, RACK1A, previously identified as the Arabidopsis homologue of the tobacco arcA gene, mediates hormone responses and plays a regulatory role in multiple developmental processes. RACK1A expresses ubiquitously in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutations in RACK1A confer defects in multiple developmental processes including seed germination, leaf production, and flowering. rack1a mutants displayed reduced sensitivity to gibberellin and brassinosteroid in …

Go to article

Ethnic Identity And Type 2 Diabetes Health Attitudes In Americans Of African Ancestry, Jelena Brezo, Charmaine D. Royal, Franklin Ampy, Verle Headings Jan 2006

Ethnic Identity And Type 2 Diabetes Health Attitudes In Americans Of African Ancestry, Jelena Brezo, Charmaine D. Royal, Franklin Ampy, Verle Headings

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Background: Exploring the role of ethnic identity may be a good starting point toward a better understanding of health attitudes in different communities. This knowledge would be most useful in addressing diseases that cause significant burden and for which known prevention and morbidity-reducing strategies are effective.Objective: The main objective was to investigate possible associations between measures of ethnic identity and health attitudes toward type 2 diabetes mellitus by using a questionnaire-based measure.

Go to article

African-American Mitochondrial Dnas Often Match Mtdnas Found In Multiple African Ethnic Groups [Published Correction Appears In Bmc Biol 2006; 5:13], Bert Ely, Jamie Wilson, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson, Bruce Jackson Jan 2006

African-American Mitochondrial Dnas Often Match Mtdnas Found In Multiple African Ethnic Groups [Published Correction Appears In Bmc Biol 2006; 5:13], Bert Ely, Jamie Wilson, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson, Bruce Jackson

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes have become popular tools for tracing maternal ancestry, and several companies offer this service to the general public. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human mtDNA haplotypes can be used with confidence to identify the continent where the haplotype originated. Ideally, mtDNA haplotypes could also be used to identify a particular country or ethnic group from which the maternal ancestor emanated. However, the geographic distribution of mtDNA haplotypes is greatly influenced by the movement of both individuals and population groups. Consequently, common mtDNA haplotypes are shared among multiple ethnic groups. We have studied the distribution of mtDNA …

Go to article

Rdna Gene Region (18s-Its1-5.8s-Its2-28s) Of Biomphalaria Glabrata, Coen Adema Jan 2006

Rdna Gene Region (18s-Its1-5.8s-Its2-28s) Of Biomphalaria Glabrata, Coen Adema

Biomphalaria Genome Initiative

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Allostasis, Homeostasis, And The Costs Of Physiological Adaptation, Sarah C. Coste Jan 2006

Allostasis, Homeostasis, And The Costs Of Physiological Adaptation, Sarah C. Coste

Faculty Publications

Sarah Coste reviews Allostasis, Homeostasis, and the Costs of Physiological Adaptation (edited by Jay Schulkin) for the Quarterly Review of Biology.

Go to article

The Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle, Pascal J. Lafontant Jan 2006

The Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle, Pascal J. Lafontant

Biology Faculty publications

Many forms of cardiac disease are characterized by cardiomyocyte death due to necrosis, apoptosis and/or oncosis. Recently, the notion of promoting cardiac regeneration as a means to replace damaged heart tissue has engendered considerable interest. One approach to accomplish heart muscle regeneration entails promoting cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity in the surviving myocardium. Genetically modified mice have provided useful model systems to test the efficacy of specific pathways to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation in normal and diseased hearts. For example, expression of a heart-restricted dominant interfering version of p193 (an E3 ubiquitin ligase also known as Cul7) resulted in an induction of …

Go to article

Mechanism Of Shifts Of Potentials Of Hemosorbents Based On Activated Carbons Caused By Adsorption Of Organic Toxicants, Mark Goldin, Yury Goldfarb, Mikhail M. Goldin Jan 2006

Mechanism Of Shifts Of Potentials Of Hemosorbents Based On Activated Carbons Caused By Adsorption Of Organic Toxicants, Mark Goldin, Yury Goldfarb, Mikhail M. Goldin

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Dispersal Behavior Of Mosquitofish (Gambusia Holbrooki), Shireen Alemadi Jan 2006

Dispersal Behavior Of Mosquitofish (Gambusia Holbrooki), Shireen Alemadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) are native to the southeastern United States but invasive elsewhere, and are dominant predators in many ecosystems that they inhabit. Information on dispersal behavior will help better understand and predict mosquitofish metapopulation dynamics and invasions. I experimentally tested dispersal behavior of individual mosquitofish under a range of laboratory conditions relevant to field situations. Preliminary experiments showed that gender, lighting conditions, hunger and acclimation time did not significantly affect net dispersal rate. Power analysis based on this preliminary experiment determined that 6 replicate fish were sufficient for each subsequent experiment; I used 24 fish, and each fish was …

Go to article

Endothelial Cell Cortactin Phosphorylation By Src Contributes To Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transmigration In Vitro, L. Yang, Jennifer R. Kowalski, X. Zhan, S. M. Thomas, F. W. Luscinskas Jan 2006

Endothelial Cell Cortactin Phosphorylation By Src Contributes To Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transmigration In Vitro, L. Yang, Jennifer R. Kowalski, X. Zhan, S. M. Thomas, F. W. Luscinskas

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

The underlying mechanisms that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration through the vascular endothelium remain unclear. Cortactin is a substrate of Src tyrosine kinases and a regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics. Previous studies demonstrated a role for Src phosphorylation of cortactin in clustering of E-selectin and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 around adherent leukocytes. In the current study, we used an in vitro flow model to investigate the role of Src-induced cortactin phosphorylation in endothelium during polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transmigration through human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVEC) monolayers preactivated with tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}. Inhibition of Src in HUVEC using Src kinase inhibitors PP2 and SU6656 …

Go to article

Efeitos Da Radiação Ultravioleta-B Sobre A Morfologia Foliar De Arabidopsis Thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Brassicaceae), Maria Regina Torres Boeger, Mary Poulson Jan 2006

Efeitos Da Radiação Ultravioleta-B Sobre A Morfologia Foliar De Arabidopsis Thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Brassicaceae), Maria Regina Torres Boeger, Mary Poulson

Biology Faculty Scholarship

Reduction of the ozone layer results in the increase in ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth’s surface, especially the ultraviolet-B (UV-B). The increase of radiation may induce structural and physiological changes in plants, influencing their growth and development. This paper evaluates the effects of ambient UV-B radiation upon to the leaf morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana developed under controlled conditions. The seeds of A. thaliana grown in environmental chamber, with 300 μmol m-2s-1 de photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) with and without 6 kJ m-2 s-1 of radiation UV-Bbe (UV-Bbe; UV-B biologically effective). After 21 days, ten leaves of each treatment (with and …

Go to article

Gis-Based Analysis Of Ice-Breeding Seal Strandings In The Gulf Of Maine, David Harris Ph.D., Sat Gupta Jan 2006

Gis-Based Analysis Of Ice-Breeding Seal Strandings In The Gulf Of Maine, David Harris Ph.D., Sat Gupta

Faculty Publications

Phoca groenlandica (harp seals) and Cystophora cristata (hooded seals), two species of ice-breeding seals, are being sighted more frequently onshore in the Gulf of Maine since 1990, but little is known about their behavior in this ecosystem. We obtained records of 904 ice-breeding seal stranding locations in the Gulf of Maine between 1996 and 2002 from NOAA Fisheries and used a geographic information system (GIS) to conduct group-wise comparisons by species (using non-parametric techniques), and to determine the predictors of high seal-stranding density (using ordinal logistic regression analysis). Compared to harp seals, hooded seals stranded closer to deep water, farther …

Go to article

Sexually Dimorphic Social Development And Female Intrasexual Chemical Signaling Of African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), Jordana M. Meyer Jan 2006

Sexually Dimorphic Social Development And Female Intrasexual Chemical Signaling Of African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), Jordana M. Meyer

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Author's abstract: African elephants are a polygynous species in which males and females carry out dimorphic lifestyles. Males search and compete for reproductively active females, while females care for offspring and facilitate group cohesion. The objectives of this study was a) to compare the development of sexually dimorphic behaviors and developmental trends between young male and female wild African elephants and b) to determine the ability of captive female African elephants to discern between the follicular and luteal phase of conspecifics through trunk-tip contacts and the investigation of urine, and whether the reproductive phase of the receiver affected the response …

Go to article

Life History And Biology Of Forbestra Olivencia (Ithomiinae, Nymphalidae), Ryan I. Hill Jan 2006

Life History And Biology Of Forbestra Olivencia (Ithomiinae, Nymphalidae), Ryan I. Hill

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

Forbestra is the only mechanitine genus lacking a thorough life history description and little is known of its biology. Accordingly I describe the immature stages including first instar chaetotaxy, and provide observations on the biology of Forbestra olivencia from Garza Cocha in eastern Ecuador. Morphological characters from the early stages of Forbestra olivencia are identified that are unique to Forbestra and support the close relationship of Forbestra and Mechanitis. Forbestra olivencia was a moderately common butterfly at Garza Cocha during the sample period, far outnumbering other sympatric Forbestra. Ecological observations demonstrate similarities between F. olivencia and Mechanitis, but suggest F. …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last