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Yield And Economics Of Withania Somnifera Influenced By Dual Inoculation Of Azotobacter Chroococcum And Pseudomonas Putida, Vivek Kumar, Amar Singh Solanki, Shivesh Sharma Jan 2009

Yield And Economics Of Withania Somnifera Influenced By Dual Inoculation Of Azotobacter Chroococcum And Pseudomonas Putida, Vivek Kumar, Amar Singh Solanki, Shivesh Sharma

Turkish Journal of Biology

The yield parameters and cost economics of Withania somnifera were studied using dual inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas putida. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 3 replications for 2 consecutive years, along with 2 levels of organic manure, 10 t ha^{-1} and 20 t ha^{-1}. Inoculation with the inoculants generated encouraging results; root yield (1185.6 kg ha^{-1}), seed yield (208.13 kg ha^{-1}), number of offshoots per plant (6.07), and plant height (108.4 cm) were maximum with treatment T6 (organic manure [OM] 20 t ha^{-1} + both bacteria), followed by T9 (OM 10 t ha^{-1} + …

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Kala Zeera (Bunium Persicum Bioss.): A Kashmirian High Value Crop, Parvez Ahmad Sofi, N. A. Zeerak, Parmeet Singh Jan 2009

Kala Zeera (Bunium Persicum Bioss.): A Kashmirian High Value Crop, Parvez Ahmad Sofi, N. A. Zeerak, Parmeet Singh

Turkish Journal of Biology

Kala zeera is a high value, low volume, and under-exploited spice crop that grows in mountainous regions of Kashmir in the Himalayas. It has received very little attention in terms of development, standardization of production technology, and plant protection management practices. Sher-e Kashmir University of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (SKUAST-K) and other organizations have instituted programs for systematic improvement of Kala zeera. In this paper, we offer a synopsis of the latest work being done in promoting this high value crop, which would have a beneficial effect for the encouragement of economic activity in the Himalayas.

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Comparative Susceptibilities Of Six Insect Cell Lines To Infection By Malacosoma Neustria Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Manenpv), İsmai̇l Demi̇r, Nurten Gürel, Remzi̇ye Nalçacioğlu, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ Jan 2009

Comparative Susceptibilities Of Six Insect Cell Lines To Infection By Malacosoma Neustria Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Manenpv), İsmai̇l Demi̇r, Nurten Gürel, Remzi̇ye Nalçacioğlu, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, 6 lepidopteran cell lines derived from Trichoplusia ni (Tn5), Lymantria dispar (LdElta), Bombyx mori (Bm-5), Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21), Spodoptera exigua (Se-1), and Choristoneura fumiferana (Cf-124T) were investigated for susceptibility to Malacosoma neustria nucleopolyhedrovirus (ManeNPV) isolated in Turkey. Infection of Malacosoma disstria (Md203) cell line by ManeNPV was used as a control. In ManeNPV-Md203 infection, polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs) were detected at 36 h p.i. and observed in all infected cells by 120 h p.i., and the infectious virus titer increased 10^3-fold. At 24 h p.i., the efficient replication of viral DNA was detected. In this study, we …

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Genotoxic Effects Of Herbicide Illoxan (Diclofop-Methyl) On Allium Cepa L., Deni̇z Yüzbaşioğlu, Fatma Ünal, Cengi̇z Sancak Jan 2009

Genotoxic Effects Of Herbicide Illoxan (Diclofop-Methyl) On Allium Cepa L., Deni̇z Yüzbaşioğlu, Fatma Ünal, Cengi̇z Sancak

Turkish Journal of Biology

The genotoxic potential of the commercial herbicide Illoxan (containing 284 g/L diclofop-methyl) was determined by using chromosome aberrations in Allium cepa root tip cells. The EC_{50} value was determined as 150.00 mg/L using a root growth inhibition test and then the roots were treated with 37.50, 75.00, and 150.00 mg/L concentrations for 12, 24, and 48 h. The results indicated that Illoxan significantly increased the abnormal cell frequency at all concentrations and treatment periods when compared with their controls, and this increase was dose-dependent for the 24 and 48 h treatments. On the other hand, Illoxan significantly decreased the mitotic …

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Co-Operative Actions And Degradation Analysis Of Purified Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes From Thermomonospora Fusca Bd25 On Wheat Straw, Müni̇r Tuncer, Andrew S. Ball Jan 2009

Co-Operative Actions And Degradation Analysis Of Purified Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes From Thermomonospora Fusca Bd25 On Wheat Straw, Müni̇r Tuncer, Andrew S. Ball

Turkish Journal of Biology

In industrial hydrolysis processes the lignocellulose-degrading enzymes may have a potential application as an alternative to chemical treatments because they produce high specificity, mild reaction conditions, no toxic chemical hydrolysis inhibitors, and no loss of substrate due to chemical modifications. The amounts of reducing sugars released from the degradation of wheat straw by the action of endoxylanase, peroxidase, \beta-xylosidase, and \alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, which were produced by T. fusca BD25,were equal to 3.0 percent, 0.2 percent, 0.3 percent, and 0.2 percent hydrolysis (as xylose equivalents) of the substrate used, respectively, after 10 h of incubation. In the same conditions, the hydrolysis rate …

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Multielement Determination In Fruit, Soaps And Coffee Of Pistacia Terebinthus L. By Icp-Oes, Mehmet Sayim Karacan, Fatma Çağran Jan 2009

Multielement Determination In Fruit, Soaps And Coffee Of Pistacia Terebinthus L. By Icp-Oes, Mehmet Sayim Karacan, Fatma Çağran

Turkish Journal of Biology

Multielement analyses were carried out on whole fruit, soaps, gummy extract, and fresh infusions of Pistacia terebinthus using the ICP OES technique. Digestion processes were optimized in a microwave oven. Qualitatively, the elements Al, As, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, Hg, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Te, Ti, V, W, and Zn were found in the fresh fruit. Al, Cd, and Pb levels in the infusions of gummy extract exceeded the upper limits specified by the Turkish Food Codex and filtration was …

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Adventitious Shoot Regeneration And In Vitro Flowering Of Anthemis Xylopoda O. Schwarz, A Critically Endangered Turkish Endemic, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ, Yelda Çalmaz Emek Jan 2009

Adventitious Shoot Regeneration And In Vitro Flowering Of Anthemis Xylopoda O. Schwarz, A Critically Endangered Turkish Endemic, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ, Yelda Çalmaz Emek

Turkish Journal of Biology

A protocol has been developed for the direct induction of adventitious shoots from leaf explants of in vitro raised Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with N^6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), and thidiazuron (TDZ) were used in regeneration experiments. BA at 0.5 mg L^{-1} concentration was chosen as the optimal treatment because it yielded the maximal number of adventitious shoots with the best quality (6.70 ± 1.05 shoots/explant). The highest mean of maximum shoot length was observed in MS media containing 0.2 mg L^{-1} BA (4.30 ± 0.48 cm). Regenerated shoots rooted …

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Biological Screening Of Vitis Vinifera L. Leaf Fractions, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Ni̇lüfer Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Fatma Ergun Jan 2009

Biological Screening Of Vitis Vinifera L. Leaf Fractions, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Ni̇lüfer Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Fatma Ergun

Turkish Journal of Biology

The fractions of different polarity, namely chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and remaining water fractions, were fractionated from an aqueous extract of V. vinifera leaves. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant activities, and total phenolic content of these fractions were investigated. The chloroform fraction showed a promising effect against Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and Parainfluenza viruses (PIV). The results indicated that all the fractions were more pronounced against gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and E. faecalis) than against gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). On the other hand, the fractions showed equal antifungal activity against the genus Candida (C. albicans and C. …

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Inbreeding Effects On Sperm Production In Clam Shrimp (Eulimnadia Texana), Stephen C. Weeks, Sadie K. Reed, Donald W. Ott, Franca Scanabissi Jan 2009

Inbreeding Effects On Sperm Production In Clam Shrimp (Eulimnadia Texana), Stephen C. Weeks, Sadie K. Reed, Donald W. Ott, Franca Scanabissi

Biology Faculty Research

Hypothesis: Inbreeding depression is manifest in lower sperm production. Organism: Freshwater crustaceans (clam shrimp - Eulimnadia texana), from the southwestern United States, which have high levels of inbreeding. Methods: Comparisons of semi-thin sections of the male gonad among selfed and outcrossed siblings from four families. Results: There was a twofold reduction in sperm production in inbred relative to outcrossed males. Inbreeding depression in males was higher than previous estimates from hermaphrodites. Conclusions: Inbreeding markedly reduces sperm production. The observed low levels of sperm production can explain both the low average outcrossing rates as well as the variation in these rates …

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Vigilance Behavior And Land Use By Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis), Trevor Eldred Jan 2009

Vigilance Behavior And Land Use By Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis), Trevor Eldred

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

I investigated how vigilance in sandhill crane time budgets changed with behavioral, climatic, and anthropogenic factors. I measured two different postures that could be interpreted as vigilance. Cranes significantly altered the time spent in the alert investigative posture with differences in gender and modal non-vigilant behavior. They significantly altered the time spent in the tall alert posture with differences in gender, breeding status, time of day, traffic on the nearest road, and human disturbances. The southern Michigan populations of sandhill cranes nest closer to roads and houses than they have in the past and do not preferentially avoid them. They …

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Theoretical And Practical Utility Of Gene Sequences In Phylogenetic And Phylogeographic Analysis, Robert Aaron Makowsky Jan 2009

Theoretical And Practical Utility Of Gene Sequences In Phylogenetic And Phylogeographic Analysis, Robert Aaron Makowsky

Biology Dissertations - Archive

Phylogenetics, or the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms, is a rapidly changing field due primarily to the dramatic increase in available molecular characters and increasingly sophisticated theoretical and computational methods. Current phylogenetic methods, though, poorly handle such large datasets due to the extremely large number of calculations required. In this dissertation, I focus on a method that can reduce datasets with a large number of molecular characters and at the same time optimize the performance of phylogenetic methods. Chapter 1 provides background information about phylogenetic methods, with a specific emphasis on Bayesian phylogenetic methods. MrBayes is the most common …

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Effects Of Drought The Lipid Content In Fundulus Catenatus, Angelena Edwards Jan 2009

Effects Of Drought The Lipid Content In Fundulus Catenatus, Angelena Edwards

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

During severe drought, small streams often dry to small isolated pools with subsequent high densities of fishes. Under such conditions, fish may be stressed by high temperatures, low food availability, and lack of refugia from predators. I was interested in whether fish restricted to isolated pools burn more calories than they take in, resulting in a loss of storage lipids (high energy molecules) in their bodies. During the 2007 drought, I collected Fundulus catenatus (northern studfish) from small stream communities in the Drake’s Creek watershed in south central Kentucky. I examined storage lipid content by processing each fish through a …

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Faculty Should Consider Peer Review As A Means Of Improving Students' Scientific Reasoning Skills, Briana Timmerman, Denise Strickland Jan 2009

Faculty Should Consider Peer Review As A Means Of Improving Students' Scientific Reasoning Skills, Briana Timmerman, Denise Strickland

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Improving Diversity In Phd Programs In The Biological Sciences At Usc, Bert Ely Jan 2009

Improving Diversity In Phd Programs In The Biological Sciences At Usc, Bert Ely

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Ultrasound In Second Year Pathology Medical Education, Richard Hoppmann, Wylie E. Michell, John B. Carter, Carol Mcmahon, Patsy H. Lill, Noel A. Brownlee, Kevin A. Carnevale Jan 2009

Ultrasound In Second Year Pathology Medical Education, Richard Hoppmann, Wylie E. Michell, John B. Carter, Carol Mcmahon, Patsy H. Lill, Noel A. Brownlee, Kevin A. Carnevale

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program At The University Of South Carolina, Richard Hunt Jan 2009

The Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program At The University Of South Carolina, Richard Hunt

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis Of Fatty Acid Binding Protein Inhibitors: A New Approach For Diabetes Treatment, Shekelia Baccus, M. Perry Davis Jr, David R. Magnin Jan 2009

Synthesis Of Fatty Acid Binding Protein Inhibitors: A New Approach For Diabetes Treatment, Shekelia Baccus, M. Perry Davis Jr, David R. Magnin

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Generation Of A Retroviral Vector That Expresses An Anti-Hiv-1 Tat Hammerhead Ribozyme, Lindsey E. Padgett, William H. Jackson Jan 2009

Generation Of A Retroviral Vector That Expresses An Anti-Hiv-1 Tat Hammerhead Ribozyme, Lindsey E. Padgett, William H. Jackson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Incubation Time On The Generation Of Benzene In Sierra Mist Free, Sarah Law Jan 2009

The Effect Of Incubation Time On The Generation Of Benzene In Sierra Mist Free, Sarah Law

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Downregulation Of Hiv-1 Vif By A Hammerhead Ribozyme Expressed From A Retroviral Vector, Audrey M. Hendley, William Jackson Jan 2009

Downregulation Of Hiv-1 Vif By A Hammerhead Ribozyme Expressed From A Retroviral Vector, Audrey M. Hendley, William Jackson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Thaw Temperature On Murine Blastocyst Development, Heather M. Barton, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D., Jennifer E. Graves-Herring M.S., William R. Boone, Ph.D. Jan 2009

Effect Of Thaw Temperature On Murine Blastocyst Development, Heather M. Barton, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D., Jennifer E. Graves-Herring M.S., William R. Boone, Ph.D.

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Growing Method And The Food Processing System On Bacterial Concentration In Spinach, Thad S. Moore, Lisa W. Norman Jan 2009

The Effects Of Growing Method And The Food Processing System On Bacterial Concentration In Spinach, Thad S. Moore, Lisa W. Norman

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Temperature Changes Resulting From A Gaalas Laser In The Decontamination Of A Failing Dental Implant, Adam B. Oppenheimer Jan 2009

Temperature Changes Resulting From A Gaalas Laser In The Decontamination Of A Failing Dental Implant, Adam B. Oppenheimer

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Where Do Mouse Embryos Thrive Best? Comparison Of Mammalian Embryo Development Under Varying Laboratory Environments, Yvonne K. Kao, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D, Jennifer E. Graves-Herring , M.S., William R. Boone Ph.D Jan 2009

Where Do Mouse Embryos Thrive Best? Comparison Of Mammalian Embryo Development Under Varying Laboratory Environments, Yvonne K. Kao, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D, Jennifer E. Graves-Herring , M.S., William R. Boone Ph.D

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Contributions Of Gut Bacteria To Bacillus Thuringiensis-Induced Mortality Vary Across A Range Of Lepidoptera, Nichole Broderick, Courtney Robinson, Matthew Mcmahon, Kenneth Raffa Jan 2009

Contributions Of Gut Bacteria To Bacillus Thuringiensis-Induced Mortality Vary Across A Range Of Lepidoptera, Nichole Broderick, Courtney Robinson, Matthew Mcmahon, Kenneth Raffa

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Gut microbiota contribute to the health of their hosts, and alterations in the composition of this microbiota can lead to disease. Previously, we demonstrated that indigenous gut bacteria were required for the insecticidal toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis to kill the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. B. thuringiensis and its associated insecticidal toxins are commonly used for the control of lepidopteran pests. A variety of factors associated with the insect host, B. thuringiensis strain, and environment affect the wide range of susceptibilities among Lepidoptera, but the interaction of gut bacteria with these factors is not understood. To assess the contribution of gut …

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Inheritance Of Shoulder Spotting In The Tetra, Hyphessobrycon Bentosi Characidae, Jack Frankel Jan 2009

Inheritance Of Shoulder Spotting In The Tetra, Hyphessobrycon Bentosi Characidae, Jack Frankel

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

The tetra (Hyphessobrycon bentosi) exhibits two phenotypes associated with shoulder spotting. Fish possess ei-ther a prominent black vertical spot located directly behind the operculum (H. b. bentosi,  bentosi  white  tip  tetra) or  lack  this spot (H. b. rosaceus, rosy tetra). Segregation patterns observed from the progenies of ten different crosses suggest that the  inheritance  of  these  phenotypes  is  controlled  by  two  autosomal  loci  acting  in  a complementary  fashion,  with  domi-nance at both loci required for the expression of the spotted phenotype. 

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Subcellular Localization Of Marine Bacterial Alkaline Phosphatases, H. Luo, Ronald Benner, R. A. Long, Jianjun Hu Jan 2009

Subcellular Localization Of Marine Bacterial Alkaline Phosphatases, H. Luo, Ronald Benner, R. A. Long, Jianjun Hu

Faculty Publications

Bacterial alkaline phosphatases (APases) are important enzymes in organophosphate utilization in the ocean. The subcellular localization of APases has significant ecological implications for marine biota but is largely unknown. The extensive metagenomic sequence databases from the Global Ocean Sampling Expedition provide an opportunity to address this question. A bioinformatics pipeline was developed to identify marine bacterial APases from the metagenomic databases, and a consensus classification algorithm was designed to predict their subcellular localizations. We identified 3,733 bacterial APase sequences (including PhoA, PhoD, and PhoX) and found that cytoplasmic (41%) and extracellular (30%) APases exceed their periplasmic (17%), outer membrane (12%), …

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Rex1p Deficiency Leads To Accumulation Of Precursor Initiator TrnaMet And Polyadenylation Of Substrate Rnas In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Sarah G. Ozanick, Xuying Wang, Michael Costanzo, Renee L. Brost, Charles Boone, James T. Anderson Jan 2009

Rex1p Deficiency Leads To Accumulation Of Precursor Initiator TrnaMet And Polyadenylation Of Substrate Rnas In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Sarah G. Ozanick, Xuying Wang, Michael Costanzo, Renee L. Brost, Charles Boone, James T. Anderson

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

A synthetic genetic array was used to identify lethal and slow-growth phenotypes produced when a mutation in TRM6, which encodes a tRNA modification enzyme subunit, was combined with the deletion of any non-essential gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that deletion of the REX1 gene resulted in a slow-growth phenotype in the trm6-504 strain. Previously, REX1 was shown to be involved in processing the 3′ ends of 5S rRNA and the dimeric tRNAArg-tRNAAsp. In this study, we have discovered a requirement for Rex1p in processing the 3′ end of tRNAiMet precursors and …

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Potential For Range Expansion Of The Invasive Green Mussel, Perna Viridis, In The Southeastern United States, Alyson Goodwin Urian Jan 2009

Potential For Range Expansion Of The Invasive Green Mussel, Perna Viridis, In The Southeastern United States, Alyson Goodwin Urian

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cold temperatures are thought to be among the most important determining factors of geographic distribution for tropical and sub-tropical marine invertebrates. The Asian green mussel, Perna viridis, has been introduced into coastal waters of Florida where its current distribution is hypothesized to be limited by low temperatures during winter. Lethal and sublethal effects (heat shock protein/ Hsp70 expression) of cold water and air temperatures were analyzed in two size classes of P. viridis from Florida in an effort to determine the effects of current and forecasted temperatures on the potential for range expansion. Mussels were exposed to water temperatures …

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Crosslinking Of Cell-Derived 3d Scaffolds Up-Regulates The Stretching And Unfolding Of New Extracellular Matrix Assembled By Reseeded Cells, Kristopher Kubow Jan 2009

Crosslinking Of Cell-Derived 3d Scaffolds Up-Regulates The Stretching And Unfolding Of New Extracellular Matrix Assembled By Reseeded Cells, Kristopher Kubow

Selected Works

No abstract provided.

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