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Developing Whey Protein Encapsulated Probiotics And Evaluating Environmental Listeria Using Whole-Genome Sequencing, Shayanti Minj Jan 2021

Developing Whey Protein Encapsulated Probiotics And Evaluating Environmental Listeria Using Whole-Genome Sequencing, Shayanti Minj

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, a novel value-added dairy-based health formulation was developed using whey protein hydrolysate and probiotic organisms. In the first part of the study, different forms of whey proteins, concentrate WPC80, isolate WPI90, and hydrolysates WPH10, WPH15 and WPH20 were screened for bioactivities (antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antihypertensive activity). Hydrolysate WPH10, exhibiting the highest bioactivities was conjugated with maltodextrin. A batch of 2L conjugated solution was spray dried in a Niro drier with an inlet and outlet temperature of 200⁰C and 90⁰C, and alternatively, freeze dried at −80 °C under 50 mTorr vacuum. The bioactivities of the conjugated samples were …

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An Exploration Of The Effects Of An Early Postpartum Intravenous Infusion With Carnosic Acid On Physiological Responses Of Transition Dairy Cows, Tainara Michelotti Jan 2021

An Exploration Of The Effects Of An Early Postpartum Intravenous Infusion With Carnosic Acid On Physiological Responses Of Transition Dairy Cows, Tainara Michelotti

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The transition period is commonly defined as the last 3 wk before parturition to 3 wk after parturition. It is the most critical stage of the lactation cycle of high-producing dairy cows. The period consists of a complex interplay of metabolic and hormonal adaptations, inflammation, and immune activation. During the transition period, dairy cows commonly face oxidative stress, an underlying factor for dysfunctional immune response and enhanced inflammation, which can further increase the susceptibility of dairy cattle to health disorders and decrease productivity. In the last few decades, there has been an increased interest in studying alternative natural compounds with …

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Comparison Of Growth Performance And Meat Quality Traits Of Commercial Cross-Bred Pigs Versus The Large Black Pig Breed, Yongjie Wang, Keshari Thakali, Palika Morse, Sarah Shelby, Jinglong Chen, Jason Apple, Yan Huang Jan 2021

Comparison Of Growth Performance And Meat Quality Traits Of Commercial Cross-Bred Pigs Versus The Large Black Pig Breed, Yongjie Wang, Keshari Thakali, Palika Morse, Sarah Shelby, Jinglong Chen, Jason Apple, Yan Huang

Animal Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The meat quality of different pig breeds is associated with their different muscle tissue physiological processes, which involves a large variety of genes related with muscle fat and energy metabolism. Understanding the differences of biological processes of muscle after slaughter is helpful to reveal the meat quality development of different breeds. Therefore, eight native Large Black pigs (BP), with high fat content in meat, and seven cross-bred commercial pigs (CP), which had a high feed efficiency with high lean meat, were used to investigate the differences in their meat quality and RNA transcriptomes. The average daily gain (ADG) and hot …

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Caprine Mhc Gene Polymorphism And Its Association With Endoparasitic Infestation(Haemonchus Contortus) In Indian Goat Breeds, Thirunavukkarasu Sbalamurugan, Pushpendra Kumar, Kush Shrivastava, Chinmoy Mishra, Om Prakash, Amit Kumar, Anuj Chauhan, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Manjit Panigrahi, Bharat Bhushan, Arvind Prasad, Ilayakumar Kaveriyappan, Sharavanan Velusamy Jan 2021

Caprine Mhc Gene Polymorphism And Its Association With Endoparasitic Infestation(Haemonchus Contortus) In Indian Goat Breeds, Thirunavukkarasu Sbalamurugan, Pushpendra Kumar, Kush Shrivastava, Chinmoy Mishra, Om Prakash, Amit Kumar, Anuj Chauhan, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Manjit Panigrahi, Bharat Bhushan, Arvind Prasad, Ilayakumar Kaveriyappan, Sharavanan Velusamy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study examined the variability of MHC class II DRB exon 2 gene using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified fragments PCR-(RFLP), and its association with Haemonchus contortus infestation in Salem Black and Tellicherry goat population. Animals were naturally exposed to mixed infestation of endoparasites, predominantly Haemonchus contortus. Pooled fecal coproculture and larval identification showed predominant presence of haemonchus (L3) larva. Fecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) were used as indicator traits. All the three studied loci, TaqI, BsaI, and BsaHI, were polymorphic having two alleles and three genotypes. The loci showed low to moderate …

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High Level Of Fluctuating Asymmetry In The Byzantine Dogs From The Theodosius Harbor,Istanbul, Turkey, Abu B. Siddiq, Pere M Pares Casanova, Öğül Emre Öncü, Hakan Kar, Vedat Onar Jan 2021

High Level Of Fluctuating Asymmetry In The Byzantine Dogs From The Theodosius Harbor,Istanbul, Turkey, Abu B. Siddiq, Pere M Pares Casanova, Öğül Emre Öncü, Hakan Kar, Vedat Onar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Asymmetry, the abnormality of an organism or a part of it from its perfect symmetry, is represented by three different categories: fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, and antisymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry attributes to random developmental variation of a morphological character, whereas directional asymmetry attributes one of the body sides to be more prominent than the other. Antisymmetry appears whenever one body side of a biological body shows greater morphological appearance than the other. Since more environmental stress often produces greater effect of fluctuating asymmetry, it can be a good indicator of physiological stress in the morphological characteristic of a biological being. Applying, …

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Igf-1 And Gh Alterations In Lambs With Intestinal Inflammation, Ethem Mutlu Temi̇zel, Adi̇l Ömer Karakuş, Fati̇h Kavukcu, Duygu Udum Küçükşen, İlker Ercan Jan 2021

Igf-1 And Gh Alterations In Lambs With Intestinal Inflammation, Ethem Mutlu Temi̇zel, Adi̇l Ömer Karakuş, Fati̇h Kavukcu, Duygu Udum Küçükşen, İlker Ercan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) acts on the development of internal organs such as the small intestine and muscle in all animal species. Similar to IGF-1, GH is also essential for growth and is an effective hormone on intestinal development during neonatal period. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diarrhea on IGF-1 and GH hormones in lambs with intestinal inflammation up to 63 days of age. The study material consisted of 15 healthy and 15 diarrheic lambs. Blood and fecal samples were collected on the first day of life and on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 35th, …

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Quality And Fertility Of Extended Boar Semen After Prolonged Transport, Tomislav Barna, Jelena Apic, Aleksandar Milovanovic, Nevena Maksimovic, Aleksandar Masic, Marina Lazarevic, Milos Pavlovic Jan 2021

Quality And Fertility Of Extended Boar Semen After Prolonged Transport, Tomislav Barna, Jelena Apic, Aleksandar Milovanovic, Nevena Maksimovic, Aleksandar Masic, Marina Lazarevic, Milos Pavlovic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to analyse semen quality parameters of fresh-extended porcine semen imported from Denmark through prolonged importing regulations and transport and to analyse fertility performance in sows inseminated four days post semen collection. Semen was analysed immediately upon the arrival (4 days post collection) using computer-assisted sperm analyses (CASA), cytomorphology and flow cytometry, and sows were inseminated later the same day. The mean sperm concentration was 1718.09 ± 100.11 × 106 , with average of 1193.40 ± 90.58 × 106 motile cells (69%) and 756.04 ± 70.57 × 106 progressive motile spermatozoa (43.58%) in a dose, …

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Global Connectivity Of Southern Ocean Ecosystems, Eugene J. Murphy, Nadine M. Johnston, Eileen E. Hofmann, Richard A. Phillips, Jennifer A. Jackson, Andrew J. Constable, Sian F. Henley, Jessica Melbourne-Thomas, Rowan Trebilco, Rachel D. Cavanagh, Geraint A. Tarling, Ryan A. Saunders, David K.A. Barnes, Daniel P. Costa, Stuart P. Corney, Ceridwen I. Fraser, Juan Höfer, Kevin A. Hughes, Chester J. Sands, Sally E. Thorpe, Philip N. Trathan, José C. Xavier Jan 2021

Global Connectivity Of Southern Ocean Ecosystems, Eugene J. Murphy, Nadine M. Johnston, Eileen E. Hofmann, Richard A. Phillips, Jennifer A. Jackson, Andrew J. Constable, Sian F. Henley, Jessica Melbourne-Thomas, Rowan Trebilco, Rachel D. Cavanagh, Geraint A. Tarling, Ryan A. Saunders, David K.A. Barnes, Daniel P. Costa, Stuart P. Corney, Ceridwen I. Fraser, Juan Höfer, Kevin A. Hughes, Chester J. Sands, Sally E. Thorpe, Philip N. Trathan, José C. Xavier

CCPO Publications

Southern Ocean ecosystems are globally important. Processes in the Antarctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and the Southern Ocean directly influence global atmospheric and oceanic systems. Southern Ocean biogeochemistry has also been shown to have global importance. In contrast, ocean ecological processes are often seen as largely separate from the rest of the global system. In this paper, we consider the degree of ecological connectivity at different trophic levels, linking Southern Ocean ecosystems with the global ocean, and their importance not only for the regional ecosystem but also the wider Earth system. We also consider the human system connections, including the role of …

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Exploring The Dynamics Of Small Pelagic Fish Catches In The Marmara Sea In Relation Tochanging Environmental And Bio-Optical Parameters, Eki̇n Akoğlu Jan 2021

Exploring The Dynamics Of Small Pelagic Fish Catches In The Marmara Sea In Relation Tochanging Environmental And Bio-Optical Parameters, Eki̇n Akoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Marmara Sea has a large drainage basin that includes cities with heavy industrialisation and agricultural land use. Therefore, it is under the influence of significant anthropogenic activities that adversely affect the well-being of its ecosystem. The Marmara Sea is also an important fishing ground with many commercially important fish species. These fish species are also under the influence of the adverse impacts of anthropogenic activities. Fisheries catches in the Marmara Sea had experienced severe fluctuations since the onset of the 2000s. In this study, possible underlying reasons for these fluctuations were investigated between 2000 and 2019 using remotelysensed environmental …

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Determination Of Oxidative, Genotoxic, And Histopathologic Effects Of Metal Pollution Onthe Fish Fauna Inhabiting Karasu River, Turkey, Hati̇ce Dane, Turgay Şi̇şman Jan 2021

Determination Of Oxidative, Genotoxic, And Histopathologic Effects Of Metal Pollution Onthe Fish Fauna Inhabiting Karasu River, Turkey, Hati̇ce Dane, Turgay Şi̇şman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The water quality of rivers located in areas close to major cities is deteriorating significantly due to increased pollution. The Karasu River, which passes through Erzurum city Turkey, is getting polluted day by day due to domestic and industrial wastewater. In the study, various assessments were made in three different fish species to determine the impact of possible contamination here. Capoeta capoeta, Alburnus mossulensis and Squalius cephalus were caught from four stations of the river. Micronucleus test was applied to find out genotoxic alterations, and plasma total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured to determine oxidative …

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Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Cattle Report And Their Purpose Jan 2021

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Cattle Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore he/she must sample the population. The use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef Cattle Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description …

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Dietary Impact On Antibiotic Resistance In Feedlot Manure, Maranatha Zelt, Amy Schmidt, Noelle Mware, Xu Li, Galen E. Erickson Jan 2021

Dietary Impact On Antibiotic Resistance In Feedlot Manure, Maranatha Zelt, Amy Schmidt, Noelle Mware, Xu Li, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

There is a growing public concern regarding antibiotic resistance and the use of antibiotics, including in livestock management. Understanding the ecology of antibiotic resistance among microbes, identifying resistance gene reservoirs, and implementing antibiotic resistance mitigation practices in livestock production are critical to protecting animal and human health while meeting increasing food demands. This research is one of several studies seeking to assess risk for livestock- to- human transfer of antibiotic resistance and to identify mechanisms for reducing that risk where possible. This study evaluated the impact of forage concentration and supplemental essential oil in beef cattle finishing diets on antibiotic …

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Accelerated Dry Aging Under Anaerobic Conditions, Joseph A. Sonderman, Soon K. Lau, Felipe A. Ribeiro, David M. Velasco, Nicolas A. Bland, Nicolas J. Herrera, Morgan L. Henriott, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Chris Calkins Jan 2021

Accelerated Dry Aging Under Anaerobic Conditions, Joseph A. Sonderman, Soon K. Lau, Felipe A. Ribeiro, David M. Velasco, Nicolas A. Bland, Nicolas J. Herrera, Morgan L. Henriott, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Chris Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of dry aging is to develop novel favors and other sensory characteristics different from wet aged meat. However, leaving meat exposed to air for an extended period of time can have negative effects on meat quality. As the meat is exposed to oxygen for an extended period of time, lipids are oxidized resulting in compounds that negatively affect favor. In this study, oxygen concentration was regulated along with time, temperature, humidity, and air flow. The purpose of oxygen regulation was to determine the effect of oxidation on the quality, specifically flavor preference, of dry aged meats. Sensory analysis …

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Distal Excurrent Ducts And Penile Morphology Of The Urogenital System In The Mississippi Mud Turtle, Kinosternon Subrubrum Hippocrepis (Chelonia:Kinosternidae), Stanley E. Trauth, Michael V. Plummer Jan 2021

Distal Excurrent Ducts And Penile Morphology Of The Urogenital System In The Mississippi Mud Turtle, Kinosternon Subrubrum Hippocrepis (Chelonia:Kinosternidae), Stanley E. Trauth, Michael V. Plummer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We examined the distal excurrent ductal morphology and penile anatomy of the urogenital system in the Mississippi Mud Turtle, Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepis, from a small sample of individuals collected in Arkansas in order to provide additional information regarding turtle urogenital anatomy. Specifically, we focused on the basic anatomy and histology of distal excurrent ducts (ductus deferens and ureter), associated structures (urogenital papillae), and penile histology in this kinosternid turtle. In addition, we provide an overview of the gross urogenital anatomy in this turtle, given that little detailed information exists on this topic in the chelonian literature.

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Advancing Applied Research In Conservation Criminology Through The Evaluation Of Corruption Prevention, Enhancing Compliance, And Reducing Recidivism, Jessica S. Kahler, Joseph W. Rivera, Zachary T. Steele, Pilar Morales-Giner, Christian J. Rivera, Carol F. Ahossin, Ashpreet Kaur, Diane J. Episcopio-Sturgeon Jan 2021

Advancing Applied Research In Conservation Criminology Through The Evaluation Of Corruption Prevention, Enhancing Compliance, And Reducing Recidivism, Jessica S. Kahler, Joseph W. Rivera, Zachary T. Steele, Pilar Morales-Giner, Christian J. Rivera, Carol F. Ahossin, Ashpreet Kaur, Diane J. Episcopio-Sturgeon

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Concomitant with an increase in the global illegal wildlife trade has been a substantial increase in research within traditional conservation-based sciences and conservation and green criminology. While the integration of criminological theories and methods into the wildlife conservation context has advanced our understanding of and practical responses to illegal wildlife trade, there remain discrepancies between the number of empirical vs. conceptual studies and a disproportionate focus on a few select theories, geographical contexts, and taxonomic groups. We present three understudied or novel applications of criminology and criminal justice research within the fields of fisheries, forestry, and wildlife conservation. First, we …

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Ecological And Social Drivers Of Mexican Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus Baileyi) Home Range Patterns Across Spatiotemporal Scales, Evelyn M. Lichwa Jan 2021

Ecological And Social Drivers Of Mexican Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus Baileyi) Home Range Patterns Across Spatiotemporal Scales, Evelyn M. Lichwa

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Elucidating factors influencing home range size are fundamental relationships that can be described for any wildlife species, particularly those of conservation concern. The Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) is an endangered sub-species of the gray wolf whose home range patterns have not yet been studied. I estimated home range sizes for 22 Mexican wolf packs using Brownian Bridge Movement Models (95% UD). Generalized linear mixed effect models were used to evaluate environmental and social variables across four timeframes. Annual home range size was inversely related to human density and tree cover. During the denning period, home range …

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Effects Of Large Wood Restoration On Coho Salmon In A Northern California Watershed: A Before-After-Control-Impact Experiment, Natalie B. Okun Jan 2021

Effects Of Large Wood Restoration On Coho Salmon In A Northern California Watershed: A Before-After-Control-Impact Experiment, Natalie B. Okun

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Substantial time, money, and effort are invested in river and stream restoration projects to aid in the recovery of imperiled salmonid populations, but there is little evidence that these efforts have had lasting positive impacts on juvenile fish growth and survival. To assess the effectiveness of large woody debris (LWD) restoration, which is one of the most common restoration practices, I evaluated the growth and survival response of endangered Central California Coast coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in a paired watershed before-after impact-control (BACI) study. To determine if LWD supplementation influenced coho salmon growth and survival, two neighboring, similar …

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Extending Animal Welfare Science To Include Wild Animals, Walter Veit, Heather Browning Jan 2021

Extending Animal Welfare Science To Include Wild Animals, Walter Veit, Heather Browning

Animal Sentience

Ng’s (2016) target article built on his earlier work advocating a science of welfare biology (Ng 1995). Although there were problems with the models proposed in Ng’s original paper regarding the balance of pleasure and suffering for wild animals, his call for a science of wild animal welfare was a sound one. This does not require a new discipline but just an extension of the existing frameworks and methods of animal welfare science to include wild animals.

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Habitat Use Of Wintering Henslow's Sparrows (Centronyx Henslowii) In Power Line Right-Of-Ways, Abigail W. Dwire Jan 2021

Habitat Use Of Wintering Henslow's Sparrows (Centronyx Henslowii) In Power Line Right-Of-Ways, Abigail W. Dwire

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Habitat loss and degradation are the leading causes of grassland bird declines worldwide. The Henslow’s Sparrow (Centronyx henslowii; hereafter HESP) is a grassland bird species of conservation concern that has historically relied on the herbaceous ground-layer of longleaf pine savannas and similar habitats in the southeastern U.S. for food and shelter in the winter. However, due to human development, alterations of habitat, and fire suppression, only fragments of these habitats remain. Over the last decade, surveys have annually documented HESPs using power line right-of-ways (hereafter, ROWs) at several sites in the coastal plain of Georgia as alternative habitat for …

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Using Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) To Evaluate The Use Of Food Waste Based Feed In Sustainable Small-Scale Aquaculture, Caitlin May Jan 2021

Using Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) To Evaluate The Use Of Food Waste Based Feed In Sustainable Small-Scale Aquaculture, Caitlin May

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Food waste is rich in nutrients and a valuable resource, but currently its primary method of disposal in the United States (US) is unsustainable. In 2018 the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated that the commercial, institutional, and residential sectors of the US economy wasted 63 million metric tons of food, most of which was sent to landfills. Instead, food waste could be recycled and used to supplement or replace commercial feed in aquaculture to sustainably stimulate production of fish. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a well characterized animal model closely related to other fish species that are important …

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Sexual Dimorphism Of Thermal Preference In Florida Scrub Lizards (Sceloporus Woodi) And Predicting Response To Climate Change In Two Rare Habitats, Sidney E. Anderson Jan 2021

Sexual Dimorphism Of Thermal Preference In Florida Scrub Lizards (Sceloporus Woodi) And Predicting Response To Climate Change In Two Rare Habitats, Sidney E. Anderson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Florida Scrub Lizard (Sceloporus woodi) is endemic to Florida, where it inhabits fragments of xeric sandhill uplands including endangered long-leaf pine and sand pine scrub habitats. Lizards depend on a predictable range of temperatures to maximize their growth and productivity, and to do so, they shuttle among various thermal micro-environments. Thus, the spatial distribution of temperatures in the habitat is important. Habitats dominated by either high or low extremes of an organism’s preference are energetically costly and dangerous (less optimal), especially to gravid females. This study examines thermal preference of a near-threatened species that also inhabits increasingly rare habitats. …

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The Human—Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca Fascicularis) Interface At Don Chao Poo Forest, Phana, Thailand, Ashton M. Asbury Jan 2021

The Human—Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca Fascicularis) Interface At Don Chao Poo Forest, Phana, Thailand, Ashton M. Asbury

All Master's Theses

When provisioned food is available, human-macaque coexistence may result in altered macaque behaviors and the possibility of bidirectional disease transmission through interspecies contact. Don Chao Poo forest in Thailand is a conservation site where ~ 1,000 long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) live and interact with people, which includes being provisioned by volunteers and visitors. Phana macaques are habituated to human presence as a result of their frequent interactions with people. I tested whether 1) men and women are equally likely to have contact interactions with macaques, 2) adult and immature macaques are equally likely to have contact interactions with …

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Comparison Of Different Extraction Solvents Used In Gc-Ms Analysis For Detectingvolatile Odor Compounds In Heat Cow Sweat, Özgül Ani̇taş, Serap Göncü Jan 2021

Comparison Of Different Extraction Solvents Used In Gc-Ms Analysis For Detectingvolatile Odor Compounds In Heat Cow Sweat, Özgül Ani̇taş, Serap Göncü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The accurate estrus detection is essential for successful reproduction. Many scientists reported the importance of pheromones for accurate detection of estrus. In addition, the choice of the appropriate device and the appropriate extraction solvent is important for obtaining quickly and more estrus-specific pheromones. In this study, sweat samples were collected in heat cows and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gas chromatography mass spectrometry were evaluated using three different solvents (diethyl ether, dichloromethane, and hexane) for extraction. VOCs with different numbers and different ratios were identified in all three extraction solvents. As the solvent, 9 compounds were detected in diethyl …

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Investigation Of The Zinc Accumulation In The Tissue And Performance In Broilers Raisedwith High Levels Of Zinc Sulfate Feed Under Heat Stress, Thawinan Waeothong, Jai Wei Lee, Liang Chou Hsia Jan 2021

Investigation Of The Zinc Accumulation In The Tissue And Performance In Broilers Raisedwith High Levels Of Zinc Sulfate Feed Under Heat Stress, Thawinan Waeothong, Jai Wei Lee, Liang Chou Hsia

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of feeding zinc sulfate on the growth performance, Zn accumulation in the tissue, and the tibia quality. First day old of 100 chicks were randomly assigned to 10 experimental groups in a 5 (0 mg/kg Zn, 40 mg/kg ZnO, 40 mg/kg ZnSO$_{4}$.H$_{2}$O, 500 mg/kg ZnSO$_{}$, and 1000 mg/kg ZnSO$_{4}$) × 2 (high and low temperature) factorial arrangement under randomized complete block design (RCBD). Each experimental group was replicated with 10 birds. Birds were kept in individual cage until 42 days. The results showed that broilers receiving the zinc sulfate supplementation …

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Power Of Body Live Weights In Differentiation Physiological Growth Of Goat Breeds, Raed Alatiyat, Amani Al-Dawood Jan 2021

Power Of Body Live Weights In Differentiation Physiological Growth Of Goat Breeds, Raed Alatiyat, Amani Al-Dawood

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

We assumed that live body weight (LBW) would be useful to be utilized as informative categorical variable in differentiation goat performance towards better assignment into breeds. One-day old goat kids of both sexes were separately allocated as 3 breeds: Baladi, crossbreds and Shami. The kid LBW was recorded weekly until the 12th week of age. Weekly LBW showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) for both males and females of the 3 breeds and highly significant (p < 0.0001) between breeds. The high phenotypic correlation between most of the studied measurements encouraged us to investigate their efficiency in breed differentiation at early life age. Results showed that only LBW of the week 1, 2, 5, 9, and 11, and week 1, 2, 3, 11, and 12 were efficient in discriminating male and female kids, respectively. These results were better presented by showing significant genetic distances (p < 0.0001) between the breeds using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram. It is inferred that the phylogenetic tree lengths of the three breeds were 29.02 and 222.13 for male and female kids, respectively. Baladi and crossbred kids of both sexes grouped into one cluster closer than Shami kids. The canonical discriminant analysis was proved its successfulness for identifying breed based on LBW measurement.

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An Assessment Of Ensiling Potential In Maize X Legume (Soybean And Cowpea) Binarymixtures For Yield And Feeding Quality, Erdem Gülümser, Hani̇fe Mut, Uğur Başaran, Medi̇ne Çopur Doğrusöz Jan 2021

An Assessment Of Ensiling Potential In Maize X Legume (Soybean And Cowpea) Binarymixtures For Yield And Feeding Quality, Erdem Gülümser, Hani̇fe Mut, Uğur Başaran, Medi̇ne Çopur Doğrusöz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, maize and legume intercropping were evaluated in terms of silage yield and quality. Maize (Zea mays L.''M'') was intercropped with soybean (Glycine max L. ''S'') and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. ''C'') as binary mixtues (maize + legume), and the seed rates were as follows: 100 + 0%, 75 + 25%, 50 + 50% and 25 + 75%. The harvested plants were chopped with the particle size of < 2, ensiled in 2 kg plastic jars and left fermentation at 25 ± 2 °C for 45 days. In this study, silage yield, dry matter ratio, pH value, crude protein ratio, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, digestibility of dry matter, dry matter intake, total digestibil nutrient relative feed values, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium contents were determined. All the M + S mixtures showed high performance in terms of Flieg score and lactic acid content. The highest relative feed quality value was determined in the sole cowpea (156.4) and 25M + 75S% (148.5) mixture. As a result, intercropping maize with legumes resulted in superior silage quality without a reduction in yield.

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Investigation Of Relationships Between Placental Characteristics And Kid Birth Weight Ingoats, Çağri Kandemi̇r, Fatma Akkaya, Turğay Taşkin, Bi̇sem Ni̇sa Kandemi̇r Jan 2021

Investigation Of Relationships Between Placental Characteristics And Kid Birth Weight Ingoats, Çağri Kandemi̇r, Fatma Akkaya, Turğay Taşkin, Bi̇sem Ni̇sa Kandemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the relationships among the kid birth weight, the placental, and cotyledon traits in Saanen goats. The effect of parity, birth type, and birth weight (BIRWT), on placental and cotyledon characteristics, were analyzed by the general linear model. Significant differences for birth type occurred on cotyledon length (CL) and cotyledon depth (CDEP). The means for cotyledon width (CWID) and cotyledon depth (CDEP) were 21.52 and 0.361 mm, respectively. The general means of total cotyledon surface area (TCSA), cotyledon number (CN), and cotyledon weight (CWE) were 67.27 cm$^{2}$, 66.76 unit, and 153.51 g, respectively. …

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Variations In The Median Sacral Crest And Angulation Of The First Sacral Spinous Process Associated With Sacrocaudal Fusion In Greyhounds, Saad M. Y. Ismail, Christina M. Murray, Mark A. Stevenson, Hung-Hsun Yen, Helen M. S. Davies Jan 2021

Variations In The Median Sacral Crest And Angulation Of The First Sacral Spinous Process Associated With Sacrocaudal Fusion In Greyhounds, Saad M. Y. Ismail, Christina M. Murray, Mark A. Stevenson, Hung-Hsun Yen, Helen M. S. Davies

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The current study aimed to investigate the association between the morphology of the median sacral crest, variation in the angle of the spinous process of the first sacral vertebra, and the occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion in greyhounds. In this study, 167 sacra from cadavers of greyhounds (previously euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study) were collected, classified into standard and fuses sacra (based on the number of fused vertebrae and type of fusion), and then classified based on the morphology of the median sacral crest into three different types: type F (full crest), type N (when the median sacral crest …

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Comparative Efficiency Of Five Mathematical Functions In Modelling The First Lactation Milk Yield Of Kankrej Cattle, Thiruvothur Venkatesan Raja, Achintya Kumar Das, Satish Kumar Rathee, Umesh Singh, Sushil Kumar, Bharat Singh Rathod, Harshad Panchasara Jan 2021

Comparative Efficiency Of Five Mathematical Functions In Modelling The First Lactation Milk Yield Of Kankrej Cattle, Thiruvothur Venkatesan Raja, Achintya Kumar Das, Satish Kumar Rathee, Umesh Singh, Sushil Kumar, Bharat Singh Rathod, Harshad Panchasara

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Modelling of first lactation milk yield of Kankrej cattle was done using five different non-linear mathematical functions viz., exponential decline function (EDF), gamma function (GF), inverse polynomial function (IPF), mixed log function (MLF) and parabolic exponential function (PEF). We compared their efficiency in describing variations in first lactation milk yield of animals maintained under field conditions. A total of 3994 fortnightly daily milk records of 203 Kankrej cattle calved during the years between 2011 and 2017 at farmers? herds in the Banaskantha region of Gujarat State, India were utilized for the study. The PROC NLIN procedure of Statistical Analysis Software …

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Evaluation Of Cyp19 As A Candidate Gene For Milk Production Traits In Native Cattle Andbuffalo Populations Of Southern India, Sudhakar Krovvidi, Thiruvenkadan Kannan Aranganoor, Saravanan Ramasamy, Vinoo Regula, Muralidhar Metta, Jeyakumar Mani Jan 2021

Evaluation Of Cyp19 As A Candidate Gene For Milk Production Traits In Native Cattle Andbuffalo Populations Of Southern India, Sudhakar Krovvidi, Thiruvenkadan Kannan Aranganoor, Saravanan Ramasamy, Vinoo Regula, Muralidhar Metta, Jeyakumar Mani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Candidate gene approach facilitates searching causative polymorphisms that influence quantitative traits. Biosynthesis of estrogen catalyzed by aromatase, a product of the CYP19 gene affect lactogenesis. The objective of the study was to determine the polymorphism in the promoter region of CYP19 gene by PCR-RFLP and was undertaken on 502 bovine species belonging to Ongole (Bos indicus), Holstein Friesian crossbred, Jersey crossbred cattle, and Murrah buffaloes reared across Southern India. The frequency of the CYP19A allele was 0.90, 0.88, and 0.77 in Jersey crossbred, HF crossbred, and Ongole cattle, respectively. The BB genotypes could not be observed in Jersey crossbred cattle. …

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