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The Seasonality Of Occurrence Of Larval And Juvenile Sciaenids In A Virginia Seaside Estuary, James Howard Cowan Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The seasonality of occurrence and relative abundance of larval and juvenile fishes, particularly members of the family Sciaenidae, from a Virginia seaside estuary were determined from ichthyoplankton and trawl collections made from March 1979 to March 1980.

The larvae of 20 species distributed among 15 families were identified from the ichthyoplankton. Larvae of the bay anchovy, Anchoa mitchilli, and the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia, dominated the samples and made up 57 and 34%, respectively, of all larvae collected. Peak occurrence began in May and continued through August. Fish larvae were present in the study area all year.

Twenty-eight …

Deer Social Organization And Wolf Predation In Northeastern Minnesota, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus has been subject to intensive research and management, yet we are just beginning to understand its social organization. Little is known about home range formation, migration, social bonds, and traditions in this deer, what functions they serve, and what selective forces have affected them.

Predation by wolves Canis lupus, in particular, has not been examined as a factor in deer evolution, yet the intimate interactions between deer and wolf through the millennia no doubt strongly influenced major morphological and behavioral adaptations in both species. It is a reasonable assumption that wolf predation has been …

Reproduction In A Nebraska Sandhills Population Of The Northern Prairie Lizard Sceloporus Undulatus Garmani, Royce E. Ballinger, Dale L. Droge, Steven M. Jones

Papers in Herpetology

The reproductive cycle of Sceloporus undulatus was studied in western Nebraska. Females mature in the 1st year following hatching at a size of 45 mm SVL. Two clutches averaging 5.5 eggs each are produced. Egg sizes are similar to other grassland populations and contain approximately 650 g-cal. per egg. Egg weight to body weight ratios of 0.33 were the highest which have been reported for any S. undulatus population. Variation in life history characteristics within and between grassland and eastern woodland habitat types are explicable given a knowledge of the growing season, predation intensity and demographic environment.

Notes [June 1981]

Nebraska Bird Review

MISSISSIPPI KITE. At 3:30 p.m. 7 September 1980 Alan Grenon and I observed a Mississippi Kite from the back porch of our house, which is several meters south of Fontenelle Forest and about 1 km. west of the Missouri River, overlooking the flood plain. The bird was coming from the east, about 5 m. above the trees. The flight was extremely buoyant and smooth, rather like that of a light-bodied gull or swallow. When it was above us it began to glide in circles, just above the trees. From time to time it reached with its head for its feet, …

Toward The Marketing Of Seafood Harvested In New England, Daniel R. Kilty Ph.D

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In this study the author will concentrate on the marketing activitiesof the U.S. commercial fishing industry. The study will use examples from New England to illustrate various points covered in the study. Particular reference will be made to the geographic area of Southern New England and move specifically to Point Judith, Rhode Island and New Bedford, Massachusetts. The study is divided into two parts. Part I reviews the situation in the industry prior to 1976, the Fishery Conservation Management Act, theU.S./Canadian East Coast Fisheries Agreement and the American Fisheries Promotion Act. Part II applies the marketing mix to the industry …

Where Have All The Stripers Gone?: An Analysis Of The Decline In The East Coast Striped Bass Fishery, Anthony P. Chatowsky

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Beginning in 1975 striped bass sports fishermen noticed a decrease in fish around. This decline was cause for alarm in 1977 when few striped bass were caught from shore. Commercial catch statistics showed that in 1973, 13,504,000 pounds of bass were landed. In 1979 the poundage was 3,492,000, a significant drop of 74%. This led to the development of state and regional striped bass advisory committees, an N.M.F.S. and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Emergency Action Plan and Congressional appropriation of 4.7 million dollars in 1979 to study the problem. The problem is multifactored and solutions lie in consistent coastal management …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 57, No. 2), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Temperature Preference Of Adult Mountain Whitefish, Prosopium Williamsoni, Jean M. Ihnat

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Temperatures selected seasonally by adult mountain whitefish were measured in the laboratory in a horizontal gradient. Final preferendum estimates, based on acute (3-hour) preference tests conducted with fish acclimated to 5, 10, and 15 C each season, were 17.7 C (pre-spawning), 11.9 C (post-spawning), 9.9 C (winter), and 16.3 C (spring). Seasonal influence on temperature selection was evident on the basis of differences in final preferenda, covariance analysis of responses of laboratory-acclimated fish, and temperature selection by fish held at ambient river temperatures. Post-spawning and winter groups selected lower temperatures than did pre-spawning and spring groups. Pre-spawning fish selected temperatures …

Some Morphological And Chemical Responses Of Blackbrush (Coleogyne Ramosissima) To Goat Browsing: Influences On Dietary Blackbrush Selection By Goats And Cattle, Frederick D. Provenza

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Domestic goats were used to modify the growth form of blackbrush, a spinescent shrub occurring in nearly monospecific stands on several million hectares of rangeland in the southwestern United States. The objective of this research was to evaluate goat browsing as a means of improving these rangelands for cattle. Winter goat browsing stimulated spring twig growth from basal and axillary buds which resulted in increased production.

Twig production by heavily browsed plants (>95 percent removal of current season's twigs) was a function of precipitation, soil depth, branch location on the plant, and period of rest after browsing. As precipitation …

Effect Of Toxaphene On Collagen Synthesis In Fish Tissue: Organ Culture Studies And Prolyl Hydroxylase Activity Assay, Charles Franklin Luke

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Toxaphene is reported to cause defects in the collagen of fish. Chronic exposure to toxhaphene weakens the backbone of fish by decreasing the amount of collagen and usually increasing the amount of calcium in the bone which results in a more brittle and fragile bone.

We investigated the possible direct action of toxaphene on collagen synthesis by exposing vertebral and swim bladder organ cultures obtained from unexposed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fingerlings to the same lot of toxaphene found to cause this defect in vivio. Collagen produced by these organ cultures was measured by: (1) total ^{3 …}

Models For Estimating Energy And Protein Utilization For Feeds, Muhammad Fadel Wardeh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Data on the proximate nutrient content of feedstuffs, digestibility and energy utilization available from the International Feedstuffs Institute (Utah State University) were used to develop mathematical models for estimating energy and protein utilization of five classes of feedstuffs for various kinds of animals.

Classes of feedstuffs were subdivided into more related subclasses. Furthermore, data from all feeds were pooled together then subgrouped into more related subgroups in an attempt to gain high precision in prediction of digestible proximate nutrients and TDN from a single chemical entity by the use of simple regression models (Y = bo + b₁x …

The Rhode Island Quahogger: Candidate For The List Of Endangered Species?, James M. Korney

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

It is the hypothesis of this paper that today the livelihood of the independent Narragansett Bay quahogger is faced with two potentially dangerous threats; water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and the prospect of an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay. Unless the state of Rhode Island properly interprets and enforces existing state legislation to protect the quahoggers interests, his very livelihood will be jeoprodized. This paper will examine the legal, political, economic, and environmental affects of water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay in their relation to the Rhode Island …

Municipal Sewage Treatment: Problems And Considerations, George R. Johnson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The coastal areas are vital to the economic and physical well being of the United States. Virtually every facet of our way of life is related in some fashion to these coastal areas. Ocean borne transportation moves not only vast quantities of raw materials, but also many of the intermediate and final products that are then manufactured to their related market areas. Fisheries provide vast amounts of food and employment for many of our people. In addition, the coasts are a continuing source of enjoyment and recreation for millions of our citizens. Coastal waters provide much of the water necessary …

Incorporation Of Carbon-14 Metabolites Into The Sex Pheromon 26-Dichlorophenol Of Dermacentor Andersoni Stiles; And The Disruption Of Pheromone Activity In D. Andersoni And D. Variabilis (Say) By Quinones, Daniel Martin Gainsburg

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni Stiles, injected with (u-¹⁴c) sodium acetate or DL-(benzene ring-u-¹⁴c) tryptophan for in vivo studies, was found to produce sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol, containing ¹⁴c activity. Ambiguous results were obtained with L-(u- ¹⁴c) tyrosine, and no incorporation of ¹⁴c label into pheromone was observed with DL-(ring-u- ¹⁴c) phenylalanine or DL-(side chain-3-¹⁴c) tyrosine. Attempts were made to determine the site of synthesis, but in vitro studies proved inconclusive.

Disruption of sex pheromone activity in D. andersoni and the American dog tick, D. variabilis (Say) was achieved …

Growth And Recruitment Of Two Penaeids In The Bay Of St. Louis, Mississippi During 1979, Teresa C. Heaton

OES Theses and Dissertations

Juvenile brown (Penaeus aztecus, Ives) and white (Penaeus setiferus, Linnaeus) shrimp were collected from two stations of a nursery area in St. Louis Bay Mississippi, during May to October, 1979. Periods of shrimp recruitment and growth were determined to discern whether the concurrent environmental variables of salinity and temperature had an influence on shrimp abundance and yield. Growth estimates were obtained from length frequency measurements of trawl samples taken over a 24-h period per month from each station. An analysis of variance of length versus the variables of sex, month, station, time of day, salinity and …

A Multivariate Study Of The Family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) : Morphology, Ecology, Evolution, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The purpose of my study is to examine as many species of the family Molossidae as possible and to determine, with the aid of numerical methods, what natural groups exist within the family. Sneath & Sokal (1973) discuss the methods and reasons for this kind of analysis. A natural group of organisms as here defined is one in which its members share a close phenetic relationship. Phenetic relationship is defined as "similarity (resemblance) based on a set of phenotypic characteristics of the objects or organisms under study," (Sneath & Sokal, 1973, p. 29), and is distinct in definition from phylogenetic …

1981 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Museums Are More Than Elephant Graveyards, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

I suspect many people do not know what natural history museums are all about. These museums hold nature's works of art, instead of just man's. There are not many museums of natural history and those few are usually in big cities.

Field Museum of National History in Chicago is one of the largest in the world, along with the British Museum of Natural History in London, the Smithsonian (U.S. National Museum) in Washington, and the American Museum of Natural History in New York. These are the museums that have the actual skeletons of dinosaurs, or stuffed elephants, poised in combat, …

Review Of The Island Waterfowl By Milton W. Weller, And The Hawaiian Goose: An Experiment In Conservation By Janet Kear And A. J. Berger, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Both of these books deal with insular species of waterfowl. The volume by Weller concentrates on the ecological forces that have shaped the compar- ative ecologies and morphologies of some 30 forms of Anatidae that are confined to the islands of the world; the Kear and Berger book deals with the interesting history of the ill-fated Hawaiian goose, or nene, which has at least temporarily been saved from extinction by heroic conservation measures of the Wildfowl Trust and Hawaiian wildlife personnel.

A New Species Of Rhynchomys (Muridae) From The Philippines, Guy G. Musser, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

". . . Mr. Whitehead has made a most wonderful and unexpected discovery, that of a new and peculiar Mammal-fauna inhabiting the Luzon highlands, and, so far as is yet known, mostly isolated on a small plateau on the top of Monte Data, in the centre of Northern Luzon, at an altitude of from 7000 to 8000 feet." With this dramatic announcement, Oldfield Thomas (1898:377) introduced to naturalists the spectacular rats found by Whitehead: Crateromys schadenbergi, Carpomys melanurus, C. phaeurus, Batomys granti, Chrotomys whiteheadi, Celaenomys silaceus, and Rhynchomys soricoides. One of the most interesting of these to Thomas was …

Correspondence Of Food Habits And Morphology In Insectivorous Bats, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

In a morphometric study of molossid bats (Freeman, in press), I found that the first principal component (PC) reflected overall size. The second PC was concerned with a suite of jaw and skull measurements that separated molossids with thicker jaws, fewer but larger teeth, and welldeveloped cranial crests (i.e., bats with robust skulls) from those with thinner jaws, more but smaller teeth, and less developed cranial crests. Subsequently, I found (Freeman, 1979) that molossids with robust skulls ate hard-shelled insects such as beetles. and that molossids with gracile skulls ate soft-bodied insects such as moths. Given these conclusions I was …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 57, No. 1), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Relationship Between Production And Stayability In Holstein Cattle, G. F. S. Hudson, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Records from 97,555 first daughters of 1,487 Holstein sires in artificial insemination were used to estimate components of variance and covariance of first lactation milk and fat production and stayability to 36, 48, 60, 72, and 84 mo of age. Henderson's Method 3 was used with a model including fixed herd-year- season and genetic group effects and random sire within group and residual effects. Heritabilities for milk and fat production and 36-, 48-, 60-, 72-, and 84-mo stayability were .31, .30, .02, .04, .05, .05, and .05. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between milk production and stayability ranged from .47 to …

Observations On Bats From Trinidad, With A Checklist Of Species Occurring On The Island, Catherine H. Carter, Hugh H. Genoways, Robert S. Loregnard, Robert J. Baker

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

In their comprehensive treatment of the bats of Trinidad, Goodwin and Greenhall (1961) reported 58 species from the island. Subsequent authors (Goodwin and Greenhall, 1962, 1964; Genoways et al., 1973a; LaVal, 1973a, 1973b) have added some species to the list and changed the status of others so that the known chiropteran fauna of Trinidad now comprises 64 species: five emballonurids, one noctilionid, four mormoopids, 36 phyllostomids (see Handley, 1980, for family-group names), one natalid, one furipterid, one thyropterid, seven vespertilionids, and eight molossids. Among the phyllostomids, the subfamilies Phyllostominae (15) and Stenodermatinae (14) are the best represented, whereas only a …

A Survey Of The Mussels (Pelecypoda: Unionoidia: Unionacea) Of Twelvepole Creek, West Virginia With A Study Of Commensal Algae Found On Selected Mussels, Kevin Joe Smith

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A survey of the Unionacea of Twelvepole Creek, West Virginia was conducted coupled with a qualitative study of commensal algae found on selected mussel species. The naiads and the algae were found to have diverse populations. Naiads collected during the survey were represented by 23 species, 16 genera and 2 families. Corbicula fluminea was found to be confined largely to the main branch of Twelvepole, with no individuals being collected from the East or West Forks and only limited collections near the mouth of Beechfork Creek. Lampsilis radiata luteola and L. ventricosa were found to have the greatest distribution, being …

The Naiads (Mollusca: Unionidae) From Two Prehistoric Sites Along The Ohio River, Mason County, West Virginia, Beverly Dawn Spurlock

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Archeological naiad valves representing 29 species were recovered from two Late Prehistoric Indian villages along the Ohio River, Mason County, West Virginia. Surface collections and limited excavation provided a total of 1,599 identifiable valves and valve fragments. Dif­ferences in species compositions and relative abundances between the two middens were noted. Samples from the Rolf Lee Farm Site (46MS51) contained 28 species while the Lewis-Old Town Farm Site (46MS57) produced only 23 species. Comparisons were made with other nearby prehistoric shell deposits and also with more recent twentieth century collections from this reach of the river. Nine of the archeological species …

Food Habits Of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Salmoides (Lacepede) And Spotted Bass, Micropterus Punctulatus (Rafinesque), From Beech Fork Reservoir, A New Impoundment In Wayne And Cabell Counties, West Virginia, Michael A. Arcuri

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A study was undertaken to determine the food habits of two game fishes, the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede) and the spotted bass M. punctulatus (Rafinesque) in Beech Fork Reservoir shortly after its impoundment. A total of 171 largemouth bass and 95 spotted bass were collected from July 1978, through June 1979, and their stomach contents analyzed.

Largemouth bass fed primarily on fishes, particularly young-of-the-year bluegill. Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates were also important food items, especially during the spring and fall . The dominant aquatic forms were chironomid larvae and pupae while the dominant terrestrial forms were adult dipterans.

Spotted …

A Taxonomic Study Of The Symphitopsyche Pictet And Hydropsyche Ulmer Larvae Of West Virginia (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), Charlene Kay Nugen

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A survey of the larval Symphitopsyche and Hydropsyche of West Virginia revealed fifteen species (S. morosa, S. walkeri, S. bronta, S. slossonae, S. macleodi, S. sparna, S. ventura, H. orris, H. phalerata, H. hoffmani, H. scalaris, H. leonardi, H. hageni, H. dicantha, H. simulans) eleven of which were state records (Table 1). Two species groups (S. bifida group, H. depravata group) were also found in the state possibly adding four more species (S. bifida, S.cheilonis, H. depravata,H. betteni) (Table 1). Hydropsyche phalerata, S. walkeri, and H. leonardi were the most scarce in the state and the H. depravata group had …

Alternative Hypotheses On Ecological Effects Of Meningeal Parasite (Parelaphostrongylus Tenuis), Glen F. Cole

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

P. tenuis is a ubiquitous parasite of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) that can cause mortality in woodland caribou (Rangerifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces). A hypothesis that P. tenuis prevents overlapping distributions of these species in southern boreal regions was inconsistent with distribution records. A revised hypothesis that P. tenuis does not prevent overlapping distributions if deer exist at natural densities was consistent with these records but did not state the parasite's ecological effects. A hypothesis that P. tenuis allows deer to outcompete woodland caribou or moose on portions of natural environments or in man-modified environments where deer densities are …

Promotion Of Distant-Water Fishing Industry In Taiwan, Dah-Wen Shieh

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The growth of distant-water fishing industry in Taiwan has been steady during the period from 1965-1973. However, since 1973, the slow expansion of distant-water fisheries has been reflected in both the production side and the decreasing catch per unit effort. The increasing operation costs and the shrinking fishing grounds are mainly attributable to the limitation of distant-water fishing industry. The small scale of fishing companies with small-sized vessels also resulted in the inefficient operation in this highly competitive business. For Taiwan, distant-water fishing is not only a means of meeting general protein requirements for its population but also an important …