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Population Dynamics Of Feral House Mice And Meadow Voles On A Dredge Disposal Site, Georgia E. Kratimenos

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The population dynamics of two species was studied for one year on Craney Island in Portsmouth, Virginia. This dredge disposal site provided good habitat for the house mouse, Mus musculus, whose opportunistic behaviors can withstand the sudden changes in a dynamic environment. Although the site was not optimal habitat, a population of Microtus pennsylvanicus, the meadow vole, was sustained there. Of the seven species of small mammals captured, 65% were house mice and 28% were meadow voles. Meadow voles were more successful at establishing short periods of residency than were house mice; on average, each meadow vole was …

Computer Simulation Techniques To Assess Bias And Precision In The Roving Creel Survey Estimator, David L. Wade

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Fisheries scientists use roving creel survey methods to estimate total catch and total effort of recreational fisheries. Bias in the roving creel estimators had been known to the scientific community, but it had not been quantified. I developed a roving-creel-survey computer simulation model to investigate the bias and precision of roving creel estimators, and estimated parameters for the model based on field observations from the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fishery of the Chesapeake Bay. The computer model was used to identify bias in roving-creel effort and catch estimators and to demonstrate survey methods that will reduce this bias. …

Sheep Production In 11 Western States, United States Department Of Agriculture, Economic Research Service

Agriculture

Net cash returns of U.S. sheep producers were positive for the past 18 years, yet the industry in 1986 experienced the largest declines in number of sheep farms and in sheep population since 1942. Per capita consumption of lamb and mutton has trended downward since 1962, remaining below 1.5 pounds for the past 13 years. The 1986 USDA Farm Costs and Returns Survey indicates that the major sheep production practices of shed and range lambing have not changed significantly since 1980, and losses from disease and predators are high. Sheep production requires more hired labor and operator time than any …

Estimated Breeding Values For Meat Characteristics Of Crossbred Cattle With An Animal Mode1, L. Dale Van Vleck, A. F. Hakim, Larry V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch, J. D. Crouse, K. G. Boldman

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Longissimus muscle area, shear force measure, and sensory panel scores for flavor, juiciness, and tenderness, and marbling score were obtained from 682 steer carcasses, resulting from crosses among five Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds. The single-trait model used included birth year and as covariates breed fractions, weaning age, and days on feed. The numerator relationship matrix was for 1,350 animals (682 steers, 74 pure breed and 52 F1-cross sires and 542 dams). The coefficient matrix was inverted to examine standard errors of prediction. Estimated breeding value is the sum of the estimate of genetic deviation and the weighted (fractions) …

The Influence Of 17-B-Estradiol And Tamoxifen On Protein Profiles From In Vitro Cultured Preimplantation Mouse Embryos, Darrin D. Demoss

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences at Morehead 'State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by Darrin Lee DeMoss on August 16, 1991.

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 67, No. 3), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Direct Responses To Selection For Increased Litter Size, Decreased Age At Puberty, Or Random Selection Following Selection For Ovulation Rate In Swine, W. R. Lamberson, R. K. Johnson, D. R. Zimmerman, T. E. Long

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Nine generations of selection for high ovulation rate were followed by two generations of random selection and then eight generations of selection for increased litter size at birth, decreased age at puberty, or continued random selection in the high ovulation rate line. A control line was maintained with random selection. Line means were regressed on generation number and on cumulative selection differentials to estimate responses to selection and realized heritabilities. Genetic parameters also were estimated by mixedmodel procedures, and genetic trends were estimated with an animal model. Response to selection for ovulation rate was about 3.7 eggs. Response in litter …

A Discussion Of Options For Effort Reduction., Southern Demersal Gillnet And Demersal Longline Fishery Management Advisory Committe

Fisheries Management Papers

The committee prefers to reduce effort in the fishery by improving the effectiveness of the 50 per cent reduction on transfer rule. To do this it is necessary to prevent the use of lease arrangements which act as a form of transfer.Some consideration could also be given to encouraging transfer of licences by protecting purchased units against further effort reductions. The Minister for Fisheries has determined that ownership statement must be completed prior to licence renewal each year. It is hoped that this will prevent licence holders from using lease arrangements to effect transfers and so avoid the loss of …

Distribution Of Sexual Activities Within Estrus Of Dairy Cattle, Donna Durbin

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Previous studies of dairy cattle have indicated that heifers and cows in hot, cold and moderate weather had different patterns of sexual activities. The purpose of this study was to compare distribution of sexual activities within estrus of dairy cattle. Three groups of lactating cows in hot, cold and moderate weather and a group of heifers in cold weather were observed. Estrus for each individual was divided into 12 equal periods. Sexual activities for 3 and 6 hours before and after estrus were also observed. The numbers of mounts and distribution of total sexual activities was analyzed. Mounts received per …

Mate Choice In Lekking Sage Grouse Revisited: The Roles Of Vocal Display, Female Site Fidelity, And Copying, Robert M. Gibson, Jack W. Bradbury, Sandra L. Vehrencamp

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

In lekking sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), females exhibit relatively unanimous mate choice for particular males, but a satisfactory explanation for this unanimity has been elusive. We present analyses of mating distributions from two leks over 4 years that provide evidence for female choice based on differences in vocal display performance of males, the locations at which hens mated in the previous year, and the choices of other females (copying). The unanimity of female choice varied markedly among leks and years in correlation with changes in the mean numbers of hens that mated at the same time and hence …

Age Growth And Reproduction Of Black Drum, Pogonias Cromis, In Virginia, Stephen J. Bobko

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The black drum, Pogonias cromis, is of great economic importance to the communities of the lower Eastern Shore of Virginia. Fish are sought both commercially and recreationally during their yearly spring spawning run. Although the number of fish caught each year does not rival other exploited species, it is a directed fishery that partially supports many local fishermen, seafood distributors, marinas, motel owners, and restauranteurs.

Black drum were collected during the fall of 1989 and the spring of 1990 to investigate the population dynamics of fish found in Virginia's Chesapeake Bay and surrounding coastal waters. A total of 235 fish …

Kin Recognition In Vertebrates: What Do We Really Know About Adaptive Value?, Andrew R. Blaustein, Marc Bekoff, John A. Byers, Thomas J. Daniels

Sentience Collection

The ability of an animal to discriminate between kin and non-kin (kin recognition) has been the subject of numerous recent investigations. Grafen (Anim. Behav., 1990, 39, 42-54) recently reported that the evidence in support of kin recognition is weak and the data illustrating a preference for kin to associate in the laboratory may be more consistently explained as species recognition. It is suggested here, however, that in many cases it may be impossible to distinguish between species recognition and kin recognition, but in some cases, kin recognition seems apparent. It is also emphasized that very little is known about the …

The Amateur: Finding A Niche In Ornithology, Harold F. Mayfield

Nebraska Bird Review

The older branches of science were all pioneered by amateurs, but as they matured they have moved steadily away from the reach of the individual working alone with his own resources. As the need for laboratories, observatories, and support staff have grown, science has become increasingly the province of professionals and institutions.

In ornithology, however, the amateur is still a significant figure. Perhaps no other branch of science owes so much to the amateur, not only in current contributions, but also in continuing to produce the professionals of the future. Can we think of another field where we could make …

Nocturnal Roosting By Interior Least Terns Early In The Nesting Season, Erika C. Wilson, Wayne A. Hubert, Stanley H. Anderson

Nebraska Bird Review

Atwood (1986) described nocturnal communal roosting by the California Least Tern (Sterna antillarum browni). Such behavior has not been described in other Least Tern subspecies (Whitman, 1988).

Nocturnal roosting by Interior Least Terns (Sterna antillarum athalassos) was observed on each of three evenings between 23 and 31 May 1989 and once on 15 May 1990 when we observed a known nesting location. Least Terns congregated immediately before sunset and started flying in pairs or small groups with much vocalization. Occasionally all birds joined into one compact flock exhibiting synchronized flight as observed by Atwood (1986). With …

Notes From Nebraska Bird Review (June 1991)

Nebraska Bird Review

Some Nest Box Observations. The following are some observations on nests of species who use bluebird boxes in the Gering area. Anyone else working on a bluebird project who would like to add their observations in a future NBR is invited to do so.

Bluebirds make a nest that consists primarily of grasses. There are seldom any feathers. Well-used ones are plastered with droppings, although I suppose the droppings could also come if they use the box for roosting in bad weather. As far as I know there is no way to tell the difference between Mountain and Eastern …

Nebraska Bird Review Whole Issue (June 1991)

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Greater Scaup in Lancaster County ..................38

Black-bellied Plover in Buffalo County ..................38

The Amateur: Finding a Niche in Ornithology ..................39

Nocturnal Roosting by Interior Least Terns Early in the Nesting Season ..................42

Confirmed Whooping Crane Sightings, 1942-1982 ..................43

Fall 1990 Occurrence Report: Update ..................45

1991 NOU Annual Meeting ..................48

Notes ..................49

Book Reviews ..................51

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 67, No. 2), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

The Future For Recreational Fishing Final Report Of The Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee, Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee

Fisheries Management Papers

This report discusses: What Recreational fishing means to Western Australia's estimated 300,000 fishers. Conservation and equality in catch sharing was at the heart of the Committee's investigations into developing strategies for the future management of important recreational fish stocks.

Appendix To The Final Report Of The Rfac. Statistical Summary Of Public Responses To Key Issues., Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee Western Australia.

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper has been published as a separate appendix to the final report of the Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee, and should be read in conjunction with it, and the Committee's discussion paper ("Final report of the Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee - Fisheries Management Paper No. 41 1991). The key issues that were identified in the discussion paper came up under the following headings: 5.1 Environment 5.2 Resource Sharing 5.3 Access for Fishing 5.4 Research 5.5 Management rules 5.6 Enforcement 5.7 Charter fishing 5.8 Funding and licensing 5.9 Community consultation 5.10 Public awareness and community education.

Wpa News 32 (1991), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (May 1991), number 32

Published by the World Pheasant Association

The Ecology Of Franklin's Ground Squirrel In Indiana, Peter M. Benjamin

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A reduction in the distribution of the Franklin's ground squirrel in the eastern portion of its range has led to its classification as a threatened species in Indiana. Information is lacking on this species' habitat requirements and population characteristics in Indiana, which limits management capabilities. The purpose of this study was to identify preferred habitat and population characteristics of the Franklin's ground squirrel in Indiana. Radio telemetry was conducted from April 1987 to September 1988 at 3 sites along a railroad right-of-way (ROW} in Benton County, Indiana. Land use and habitat types were mapped; species composition, density, percent cover, percent …

Phyletic Coevolution Between Subterranean Rodents Of The Genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) And Nematodes Of The Genus Paraspidodera (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) In The Neotropics: Temporal And Evolutionary Implications, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Coevolution was studied in six species of rodents of the genus Ctenomys and their parasitic nematodes of the genus Paraspidodera, collected in Bolivia. Representatives of the families Octodontidae and Caviidae were used as outgroups for the mammals, and nematodes from caviids were used as outgroups of the nematodes from ctenomyids. For the nematodes, quantitative and qualitative morphological characteristics of both males and females and electrophoretic characters of both sexes were used to generate phylogenetic hypotheses of evolutionary relationships of the OTUs occurring in hosts of different species. Concordance estimates of cladograms generated from biochemical-genetic and morphological data of the …

Winter Habitat Selection Of Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus Clarki) In A Large Regulated River, Ronald A. Englund

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Microhabitat use by cutthroat trout and macrohabitat use by both cutthroat and rainbow trout were studied i n the Green River below Flaming Gorge Dam during the winters of 1988 and 1989. Microhabitat parameters used by cutthroat trout, such as focal velocity, depth, and fish elevation, differed significantly in eddies, runs, and riffles. Mean focal velocities in runs were 0.79 body lengths/seconds (bl/s), in riffles 0.66 bl/s, and in eddies 0.24 bl/s. Cutthroat trout size also varied significantly with macrohabitat; larger fish were found in riffles.

Macrohabitat use by cutthroat trout and rainbow trout differed significantly among species, macrohabitat types, …

Is Rainbow Trout Condition Influenced By Invertebrate-Drift Density?, Randall B. Filbert

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Users of the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology CTFIM) commonly assume that there is a positive linear relationship between available habitat (WUA) and stream fish biomass. However, several studies have shown a lack cf correlation between WUA and biomass. Such poor relationships may occur if other factors limit fish abundance. Food availability is a potentially important factor limiting abundance of stream fishes and can affect blomass by influencing fish condition (individual weight). I collected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to different levels of invertebrate-drift density to determine if condition was greater where food was more abundant. I also examined …

Identification Of Potential Adhesins Shared Among Isolates Of Actinobacillus Species And Actinobacillus-Like Bacteria Cultured From Ram Lambs With Clinical Epididymitis, Yu-Wen Liu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ram lamb epididymitis, a serious reproductive disease of sheep, is caused principally by bacteria belonging to the genera Haemophilus and Actinobacillus. Six bacteria were studied: the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of Actinobacillus seminis (ATCC 15768), ATCC of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 29522), field isolates of A seminis (86722 and 4101) and field isolates of Actin obacillus- like bacteria (Y136 and D107). The objectives of this study were to quantitate the adhesion of these 6 bacteria to bovine kidney epithelial cells (BKECs) and ram epididymal epithelial cells (REECs), evaluate the effect of rabbit polyclonal antibody prepared against ATCC 15768 …

Fisheries Research Report No 91 - A Synopsis Of The Biology And The Exploitation Of The Australasian Pilchard, Sardinops Neopilchardus (Steindachner) Part Ii: History Of Stock Assessment And Exploitation, W. J. Fletcher

Fisheries Research Reports

This report summarises the studies which have provided information on the population characteristics and exploitation of the pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus in Australia and New Zealand. This review was undertaken to determine whether existing data could be used to assess the status of Western Australian or other stocks or, alternatively, what additional information was required.

The mean size of pilchards caught varies among locations but, in general, fish are between 140 and 160 mm LCF, corresponding to ages 2 - 5 years. The length-weight relationship also varies between locations

Attempts to initiate pilchard fisheries have been hampered by the lack of …

The Mayfly Newsletter, Peter M. Grant

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 67, No. 1), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Replacement Beef Heifer Economics, D. M. Feuz

South Dakota Beef Report, 1991

The nutritional management of weaned heifer calves affects not only the conception rate of yearling heifers but also their subsequent conception rate as 2-year-old cows and the weight of their first weaned calf. The costs involved in raising the replacement heifer and the value of cull heifers, 2-year-old cull cows and weaned first calves all need to be considered when determining the least cost method of raising replacement heifers. 'The effects of raising replacement heifers to prebreeding weights of 50% 62.5% and 70% of expected mature weight are evaluated from an economic perspective. If replacement heifers are only evaluated for …

Comparison Of Lutylase And Bovilene For Estrus Synchronization Of Heifers, T. B. Goehring, E. M. Weaver

South Dakota Beef Report, 1991

A total of 533 yearling heifers were used to compare the effect of Lutylase vs Bovilene on estrus response within 5 days of injection. There was no difference between products in the percentage of heifers showing estrus within 5 days of injection. The average time from injection until detection of estrus was longer for Bovilene than Lutylase (64.5 hours vs 60.7 hours, P<.05).