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Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: Ii. Genotypic Effects On Growth, Slaughter, And Carcass Traits, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A resource flock of 362 F2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge ( CLPG) genotypes on growth, slaughter, and carcass traits. Lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. Probabilities of CLPG genotypes were calculated at a position 86 cM from the most centromeric marker of chromosome 18. A contrast of CLPG genotypic effects, based on the paternal polar over-dominance model, was used to evaluate callipyge and normal phenotypes. Relationships of traits with slaughter age, carcass weight, or 12th-rib fat …

Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: I. Relative Chromosomal Position And Gene Action, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, C. W. Beattie, S. M. Kappes, T. P.L. Smith, T. S. Sonstegard, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genotypic and phenotypic data were collected to estimate chromosomal position of the callipyge (CLPG) gene and to test gene action. Nine Dorset rams of extreme muscling phenotype and 114 Romanov ewes composed the grandparent generation of a resource flock of 362 F₂ lambs segregating at the CLPG locus. The parent generation consisted of eight F₂ sires and 138 F₁ dams. The F₂ lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. A linkage group of 25 marker loci (mean of 708 informative …

Effect Of Acute Treatment With Progesterone On The Timing And Synchrony Of Ovulation In Bos Indicus Heifers Treated With A Norgestomet Implant For 17 Days, J. Cavalieri, J. E. Kinder, L. A. Fitzpatrick

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The aim of the present study was to develop a treatment protocol for the precise synchronization of oestrus that would avoid the development of persistent dominant ovarian follicles. Bos indicus heifers, in which oestrous cycles had been presynchronized, were allocated randomly, according to the day of their oestrous cycle, to one of five treatment groups. All heifers received a subcutaneous ear implant containing 3 mg of norgestomet for 17 days starting on day 0 and an injection of an analogue of prostaglandin F_2α on days 0 and 4. Heifers in group 1 (control group; n = 7) received no …

Expression Of An Inter-Α-Trypsininhibitor Heavy Chain-Like Protein In The Pig Endometrium During The Oestrous Cycle And Early Pregnancy, R. D. Geisert, J. V. Yelich, T. Pratt, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In pigs, changes in an unidentified endometrial glycoprotein, pGP30, are temporally associated with rapid trophoblast elongation and initial placental attachment on day 12 of gestation. Identification of endometrial pGP30 was undertaken through protein purification, NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing and cDNA sequencing of products generated through reverse transcription-polymerasechain reaction. Sequencing of 35 amino acids from the NH2-terminal end of pGP30 revealed that the 30 kDa glycoprotein is a cleavage product from the C-terminal region of inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain 4 (IαIH4), previously known as inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain-like protein. IαIH4 is unique compared with the three other inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chains as it does …

Effect Of Ignoring Random Sire And Dam Effects On Estimates And Standard Errors Of Breed Comparisons, K. L. Barkhouse, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data were weights of F₁ calves and weaning weights of top-cross progeny from sires and maternal grandsires of 13 breeds. Three analyses were performed on each trait to obtain estimates and standard errors of breed effects needed to calculate across-breed EPD and accuracies. Model (R) for records of F₁ progeny contained fixed effects for birth year and date of birth, sex, age and breed of dam, and breed of sire, and a random residual effect. The second analysis included random effects for sires (RS), and the third analysis included random effects for sires and dams (RSD). In maternal …

Variances Of Direct Genetic Effects, Maternal Genetic Effects, And Cytoplasmic Inheritance Effects For Milk Yield, Fat Yield, And Fat Percentage, L. G. Albuquerque, Jeffrey F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage during the first three lactations were studied using New York Holsteins that were milked twice daily over a 305-d, mature equivalent lactation. Those data were used to estimate variances from direct and maternal genetic effects, cytoplasmic effects, sire by herd interaction, and cow permanent environmental effects. Cytoplasmic line was traced to the last female ancestor using DHI records from 1950 through 1991. Records were 138,869 lactations of 68,063 cows calving from 1980 through 1991. Ten random samples were based on herd code. Samples averaged 4926 dams and 2026 cytoplasmic lines. Model also included …

Highland Pond Utilization By Bats In The Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, J. D. Wilhide, Michael J. Harvey, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Vernon E. Hoffman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During May through August 1996, wildlife ponds (man-made and/or naturally occurring) and road ruts on the Sylamore Ranger District, Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, were mist netted to determine extent of utilization by bats. Thirty-nine ponds and road ruts were netted one or more times during 53 nights. These water sources were originally constructed to support wildlife species such as deer, turkey, etc.. This study demonstrates that taxonomically and numerically diverse bat populations use these water sources. Seven hundred and seventy bats of nine species, including two endangered species, were netted. Bats were identified, and sex, reproductive status, forearm length, and …

Quantifying Community Separation And Increase In Number Of Avian Species With Corresponding Increase In Habitat Complexity, An African Example, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The relationship between increase in faunal diversity and corresponding increase in habitat complexity was quantified using shrubland bird communities in western Africa. Vegetational characteristics were measured in circular plots around bird positions. Bird species were then arranged from grassy open habitats to dense shrubland and found to be separated into three distinct communities when subjected to Duncan's multiple range procedure in conjunction with discriminant functions analysis. Random samples classified with respect to bird species showed there were few species in the more abundant open habitats and a disproportionate number of species were packed into the less common but complex shrubby …

Adding Nutrients To Enhance The Growth Of Endangered Sockeye Salmon: Trophic Transfer In An Oligotrophic Lake, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Snake River sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, listed under U.S. law as endangered in 1991 in response to a decline in anadromous adult numbers, spend their first 1–2 years in Redfish Lake, Idaho, before migrating to the sea. To determine how nutrient enhancement might influence phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish production, we performed fertilization experiments in large enclosures in this oligotrophic lake using juvenile kokanee (lacustrine O. nerka) as analogues for endangered sockeye salmon. Fertilization of the metalimnion substantially increased chlorophyll a (150%), phytoplankton biovolume (75%), primary productivity (250%), and zooplankton biomass (200%), and moderately increased fish growth (12%) over our control …

Trace Element Signatures In Otoliths Record Natal River Of Juvenile American Shad (Alosa Sapidissima), Simon R. Thorrold, Cynthia M. Jones, Steven E. Campana, James W. Mclaren, Joseph W. H. Lam

OES Faculty Publications

The elemental composition of fish otoliths may represent a permanent record of the environmental conditions an individual has experienced as trace elements, incorporated into the growing surface of the otolith, reflect the physical and chemical characteristics of the ambient water. We tested the utility of trace element signatures in otoliths as natural tags of the river of origin of juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima) collected from the Connecticut, Hudson and Delaware Rivers in August and October 1994. Four elements (K, Mn, Sr, and Ba) showed significant variability among sites within rivers in August, although only Mg showed a …

The Role Of Bowfin, Amia Calva, In Multiple Species Management Plans, Benjamin Jacob Hausmann

Masters Theses

The major challenge to fisheries managers of the 21st century will be to maintain the diversity, not only of fishing opportunity, but also of traditionally non-game and economically unimportant species. With the relatively recent understanding of the importance of ecosystem level management, attention is being focused on native species that were often ignored or eradicated under past management practices. One such fish that has been largely ignored is the bowfin, Amia calva. Ecological data pertaining to bowfin natural history are limited and to date no attempt has been made to integrate bowfin into fisheries management decisions within the species native …

Effects Of Maturation And Fertilization Times On Pronuclear Development Of Bovine Oocytesfertilized In Vitro, Sema Bi̇rler, Serhat Pabuççuoğlu, Serhat Alkan, Mithat Evecen, İ. Kamuran İleri̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Primer oocytes (n=520) collected from ovaries of slaughtered cows were divided into 3 groups, and matured at 39ºC with 95-100% humidity and under a gas mixture of 5% O 2 , 5% CO 2 and 90% N 2 for 22, 24 and 26 hours. Modified Parker's Medium (MPM) supplemented with FSH and 20% ECS was used as maturation medium. At the end of these periods, oocytes (22 h.=122, 24 h.=143 and 26 h.=255) were taken into Tyrode-lactate medium supplemented with BSA, heparin and PHE, and frozen-thawed bull semen was add after swim-up procedure (10µ[email protected] spermatozoa/30-35 oocytes). Oocytes matured in 3 …

A Study On Some Biological Characteristics Of Barbus Plebejus Escherichi Steindachner, 1897 In The Bafra-Altınkaya Dam Lake (Samsun, Turkey), Recep Bi̇rcan, Sebahattin Ergün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research was carried out from November 1992 to November 1993 in the Altinkaya Dam Lake of Bafra of Samsun province. During the study, totally 236 Barbus plebejus escherichi Steindachner, 1987 were examined. The purpose of the present study was to determine some biological features such as age and size composition, length-weight relationship, growth rates. The age composition of specimens ranged from II to VI and age-group IV. was maximum with ratio of 52.54%. The percentages were calculated as 62.82% for females and 37.18% for males in the stock. The determined minumum and maximum fork length were 196 and 404 …

Hibernation And Body Weight In Dormice, Glis Glis Orientalis(Nehring, 1903) (Rodentia: Gliridae), Maintained Underuncontrolled Conditions, Ercüment Çolak, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t, Mustafa Sözen, Şakir Özkurt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Hibernation pattern and changes in the body weight of juvenile and adult dormice, Glis glis orientalis, kept in uncontrolled conditions were investigated. It was determined that G.g.orientalis entered hibernation on October 28 when its body weight was 180 g and the ambient temperature was below 18 ºC, which seems to be the critical temperature for entering hibernation. Although body weight has an important role in entering hibernation at the beginning of the hibernation season, dormice hibernated as the hibernation season progressed regardless of their body weight. Adult dormice arose from hibernation during the period of May 13 to June 6. …

Four New Species And One New Subspecies Of The Genus Cobitis(Pisces:Ostariophysi: Cobitidae) From Turkey, Füsun Erkakan, F. Güler Atalay - Ekmekçi̇, Teodor T. Nalbant

Turkish Journal of Zoology

On the basis of morphological characters such as the shape of the mouth, suborbital spines, lamina circularis subdorsal scales, pigmentation and fin ray formulas four new species ( kellei, fahireae, splendens and puncticulata) and one subspecies ( C. vardarensis kurui) of genus Cobitis from Turkey are described.

A Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Meloidae (Coleoptera)Fauna Of Turkey Along With New Records, Hikmet Özbek, Dezso Szaloki

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The faunistic study on Meloidae conducted from 1970s up to 1996 based on the collection of over 4000 specimens and 147 species of 17 genera in two subfamilies are reported. Among them Alosimus reitterianus(Semenov), Coryna confluensReiche, Mylabris cingulata Falderman, M. colligata Redtenbacher, M. furcimacula Sumakov, M. serana (Escherich), M. suturalis Pic, Meloe ganglbauery Apfelbeck, M. glazunovi Pliginskij, M. rufiventris Germar, M. scabriusculus Brand et Erichson, Apalus bipunctatus Germar, A. spectabilis Schaun, Stenoria analis Schaun and Zonitis nigriventris Motschulsky are new records for the Turkish fauna. Besides that Cerocoma scovitzi intermediaMaran, Lydus anatolicusMuche, L. gibbigerEscherich, Micromerus bitlisensis Kaszab, M. dersimensis Kaszab, …

A New Record For The Turkish Fauna: Tycherobius Stramenticola Bolland(Acari, Actinedida, Camerobiidae), Kamil Koç, Nusret Ayyildiz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the characters and distribution of Tycherobius stramenticola Bolland, 1986 which is a new record for the Turkish fauna are given.

A New Subspecies Of Jerboa From Turkey;Allactaga Euphratica Kivanci Subsp. N., Ercüment Çolak, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, 42 specimens of Allactaga euphratica from Urfa (Turkey) were examined based on morphological, cranial, external and karyological characters. A comparison of specimens from Urfa with those from Syria, Jordan, Kuwait and Iraq showed that specimens from Urfa, Syria and Jordan, Kuwait and Iraq showed that specimens from Urfa, Syria and Jordan differ from those from Kuwait and Iraq. Thus, specimens from Urfa (Turkey), Syria and Jordan were included in a new subspecies, Allactaga euphratica kivanci subsp. n.

Ecology And Biology Of Allactaga Elater, Allactaga Euphratica Andallactaga Williamsi (Rodentia: Dipodidae) In Turkey, Ercüment Çolak, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The young of Allactaga williamsi and Allactaga euphratica were born at an average weigth of 2.51 and 2.74 g., respectively. Litter size ranged from 3 to 6 with an average of 4.8 in A. williamsi, and it changed from 4 to 8 with an average of 4.8 in A. euphratica , A. williamsi breeds during the period of March to August, A. williamsi and A. euphratica produced 2 and 2 or 3 litters per year, respectively. Allactaga elater has four types of burrows: winter, summer, reproduction and temporary. A. williamsi and A. euphratica have two types of burrows: reproduction and …

Levels Of Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr And Ni) In Tissue Of Cyprinus Carpio,Barbus Capitoand Chondrostoma Regiumfrom The Seyhan River, Turkey, M. Canli, Ö. Ay, M. Kalay

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, chromium and nickel were determined in the gill, liver and muscle of Cyprinus carpio, Barbus capito and Chondrostoma regium caught at 5 stations on the Seyhan river system. Heavy metal concentrations in the tissues tended to vary significantly among stations, and one station thought to be contaminated by hospital effluents showed particularly high metal concentration. Liver and gill tissues showed higher metal concentrations than muscle tissue. The ranges of mean metal concentrations (µg/g d.w.) were as follows: the range of cadmium concentration was 1.26-6.10, 0.96-4.72 and 0.51- 1.67, that of lead was 9.41-44.75, 5.22-37.15 and …

A Report On Reptiles Collected From Kumluca-Kalkan (Antalya), Turkey, Abidin Budak, Cemal Varol Tok, Ahmet Mermer

Turkish Journal of Zoology

9 species of lizards and 2 species of snakes, belonging to a total of seven families were collected from Kumluca-Kalkan between 8 and 10 April 1997.

The Taxonomy And Karyology Of Rattus Norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) Andrattus Rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Rodentia: Muridae) In Turkey, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak, Mustafa Sözen, Şakir Özkurt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the Turkish population of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus were studied with regard to external, cranial, phalli, bacula and tooth crown morphology and karyotype. External, internal and karyologic characteristics of R. norvegicus were found to be consistent with previously published results. Additionally, it was determined that there are striking color variations in the dorsal and ventral fur of R. rattus and that crown morphology is not a definitive characteristic distinguishing these species because of connected lobes in old specimens. According to the karyological studies, the diploid chromosome numbers and fundamental numbers of R. norvegicus and R. rattus …

Some Aspects Of Reproductive Biology Of Euryglossa Orientalis(Bl. & Schn.)In North Arabian Sea Along The Coast Of Karachi, Pakistan, Mohammed Atiqullah Khan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In Euryglossa orientalis,sexual maturity was separated into seven stages. Size at sexual maturity was observed at 182 mm TL in males and 178 mm TL in females. A male-female ratio of 1.00:1.60 was determined (0.385:0.615). This species has two spawning seasons in Pakistani waters. The ist spawning season starts in September and the second in February. Fecundity ranged from 9922 to 83891 with a mean value of 36361.

Geographic Variations And Taxonomic Status Of Myotis Myotis (Borkhausen,1797) In Turkey ( Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), İrfan Albayrak, Nursel Aşan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study is a taxonomical evaluation of 146 specimens of Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) collected in Turkey between 1974 and 1994. Turkish Myotis myotis were compared with records from the Palaearctic Region. It was determined that both Myotis myotis myotis and Myotis myotis macrocephalicus are distributed in Turkey. The diagnostic characters, habitat, pelage colour, external and cranial measurements and distribution of each taxon were recorded.

1997 Inventory For Spiranthes Diluvialis Sheviak In Western Nebraska: A Final Report, Volume Ii, Terri Hildebrand

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This study resulted from an agreement between Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFW). After the 1996 discovery of Spiranthes diluvialis, in western Nebraska, NGPC was seeking to determine the extent of the Nebraska population. Information on the wet meadow community of orchid occurrence in Nebraska and eastern Wyoming was needed. This report includes descriptions of communities inventoried, Spiranthes diluvialis populations, and additional species monitored by Nebraska and Wyoming Natural Heritage programs.

Between May and September 1997, potential Spiranthes diluvialis habitat was inventoried for occurrences of the orchid. For all sites …

The Pig Pro Decision, Networking, And Environmental Protection: The Public Policy Challenge, J. David Aiken

Nebraska Swine Reports

On August 29, 1997, the Nebraska Supreme Court issued its first decision interpreting the provisions of Initiative 300 (I300), Nebraska’s family farm constitutional amendment. In its Pig Pro decision, a unanimous court ruled five Dawson county farmers who sought to form a non-profit cooperative corporation would violate article XII §12 of the Nebraska Constitution (I300). The decision means Nebraska farmers cannot network their operations and receive limited liability protection under I300.

Nutrient Balance On Nebraska Livestock Confinement Systems, Richard K. Koelsch, Gary Lesoing

Nebraska Swine Reports

Managing the environmental risk associated with livestock production is a significant challenge. The degree of imbalance between the amount of nutrient input and nutrient output for a livestock operation provides insight into the underlying causes of nutrient-related environmental challenges. A nitrogen and phosphorus balance was constructed for 33 Nebraska livestock operations (including 17 swine operations). On most farms, substantially more nitrogen entered the farm (through purchased feed, fertilizer, etc) than left it in the form of animals, crops and manure sold. Most farms also had an accumulation of phosphorus. Size of the operation and the degree of integration between livestock …

Cladistic Analysis Of 37 Mediterranean Bogidiellidae (Amphipoda), Including Bogidiella Arista, New Species, From Turkey, Stefan Koenemann, Ronald Vonk, Frederick R. Schram

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A new subterranean amphipod species, Bogidiella (Medigidiella) arista, found in the mesopsam mic ground waters of southern Anatolia, Turkey, is described, together with Bogidiella (Bogidiella) calicali Karaman, the latter being recorded for the first time in the eastern Mediterranean. A cladistic analysis of 37 Mediterranean species of the family Bogidiellidae is performed, using 4 species from the Canary Islands as an outgroup. Alternatively, 2 cladistic software packages, PAUP 3.1.1 and HENNIG86, are employed to calculate consensus trees of minimal length. The resulting trees show more or less identical robust clades, characterizing a central, a central-eastern, …

Understanding The Success And Failure Of Oyster Populations: The Importance Of Sampled Variables And Sample Timing, Thomas M. Soniat, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

One of the primary obstacles to understanding why some oyster populations are successful and others are not is the complex interaction of environmental variables with oyster physiology and with such population variables as the rates of recruitment and juvenile mortality. A numerical model is useful in investigating how population structure originates out of this complexity. We have monitored a suite of environmental conditions over an environmental gradient to document the importance of short time-scale variations in such variables as food supply, turbidity, and salinity. Then, using a coupled oyster disease population dynamics model, we examine the need for short rime-scale …

Evaluating Stress In Calves Weaned At Three Different Ages, Andrea Bueno, Todd Cappel, Chuck Story, Richard J. Rasby, Edd Clemens, Mark Dragastin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of weaning calves at 150, 210 and 270 days of age (i.e. August, October and December, respectively). A total of 75 Angus x MARC II heifers calves were used in this study. Heifers were bled on the day of weaning and again at 2, 7, 14 and 28 days after weaning. Blood was analyzed for differential WBC, cortisol, T₃ and glucose. Weight changes were recorded. The data suggests October weaned calves (210 days) had both greater blood cortisol and glucose at days 7, 14 and 28 post-weaning and greater weight gains when …