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Nebraska Bird Review (September 2010) 78(3), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Summer Field Report, June–July 2010 ... 86

My Life in Biology: Paul A. Johnsgard ... 103

A Review of Modern Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Nesting Records and Breeding Status in Nebraska ... 121

Subscription and Organization Information ... 127

Integrating Concepts And Technologies To Advance The Study Of Bird Migration, W. Douglas Robinson, Melissa Bowlin, Isabelle Bisson, Judy Shamoun-Barnes, Kasper Thorup, Robert H. Diehl, Thomas H. Kunz, Sarah Mabey, David W. Winkler

Faculty Publications

Recent technological innovation has opened new avenues in migration research - for instance, by allowing individual migratory animals to be followed over great distances and long periods of time, as well as by recording physiological information. Here, we focus on how technology - specifically applied to bird migration - has advanced our knowledge of migratory connectivity, and the behavior, demography, ecology, and physiology of migrants. Anticipating the invention of new and smaller tracking devices, in addition to the ways that technologies may be combined to measure and record the behavior of migratory animals, we also summarize major conceptual questions that …

My Life In Biology: Paul A. Johnsgard, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

I was born in 1931 in the very small town of Christine, North Dakota, on the Red River about 20 miles south of Fargo. My granddad owned a general store there, and my father worked in that store for as long as we lived in Christine, which was until 1939. These were the Depression years, and my major memories of that time are of hot dusty streets in the summer and bitterly cold winters, when I had to walk across town to school. ...

Waterfowl became increasingly important to me because of my mother's cousin "Bud" Morgan, who at that …

Identification Of Causative Fish For A Food Poisioning In Taiwan By Using Sds-Page Technique, Tai-Yuan Chen, Nan-Hong Chen, Wen-Feng Lin, Ken-Lin Hwang, Yun-Chieh Huang, Deng-Fwu Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

A food poisoning incident has occurred due to ingestion of red grouper meat on February 2006 in southern Taiwan. Two patients showed diarrhea, muscle weakness, vertigo and severe muscle pain. The 2 pieces of causative residues were investigated by toxicity assay. In order to identify the fish species of causative samples, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique was applied in this study. According to the low molecular weight region (＜30.0 kD) of species-specific patterns extracted from both myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins, two poisoning samples were identified as Lutjanus bohar. L. bohar is a notorious grouper species with ciguatera in …

Comparison Of Meat Quality Related Chemical Compositions Of Wild-Captured And Cage-Cultured Cobia, Jan-Lung Chuang, Ruey-Tarng Lin, Chyuan-Yuan Shiau

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Nine wild-captured cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and the compatible number and size of cultured cobia from two cagecultured sites, namely Penghu (PH) and Pingtung (PT) Counties, were sampled for chemical analyses. The condition factor of wild cobia was significantly lower than those of cultured fish. The wild cobia had higher moisture content than that of the cultured one, while fat contents in both dorsal and ventral muscles of the former were significantly lower than those of the latter. There were no significant differences between cultured and wild cobia in protein and ash contents. The total free amino acids (FAAs) contents in …

Removal Of Hexavalent Chromium Using Activated Carbons Derived From Marine Algae Gracilaria And Sargassum Sp., Akbar Esmaeili, Samira Ghasemi, Abdolhossein Rustaiyan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Industrial wastewater contain higher quantities of salts besides chromium (VI) ions, therefore, the effect of these salts on the adsorption of chromium (VI) should be studied. In this research, the batch removal of toxic hexavalent chromium ions from wastewater and aqueous solution using two different activated carbon marine algae Gracilaria (red algae) and Sargassum sp. (brown algae) were examined. Activated carbon prepared from Gracilaria and Sargassum sp. The chromium uptake was dependent on the equilibrium pH and chromium concentration, with pH = 2.0, being the optimum pH value. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption …

The Comparison Of Antioxidative Properties Of Seaweed Oligosaccharides Fermented By Two Lactic Acid Bacteria, Shao-Chi Wu, Fu-Jin Wang, Chorng-Liang Pan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The aim of this study was to investigate if the antioxidant properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation products have the potential to be used in future food materials. Twenty four LAB fermentation products, derived from two LAB strains, Enterococcus (Ent.; formerly Streptococcus) faecalis BCRC13076 and/or Lactobacillus (Lb.) rhamnosus BCRC14068 fermented through four seaweed polysaccharide extracts (SwPSExts) from Gelidium sp., Gracilaria sp., Monostroma (Mon.) nitidum, and Porphyra (Por.) dentate or their seaweed-oligosaccharide-lysates (SwOSLys) source digested by agarases, had their antioxidative properties evaluated by six in vitro methods. Seaweed oligosaccharide LAB fermentation product (SwOS-LAFP) showed a significantly greater reducing power, an …

Application Of Acoustic Telemetry To Assess Residency And Movements Of Rockfish And Lingcod At Created And Natural Habitats In Prince William Sound, Brad F. Reynolds, Sean P. Powers, Mary Anne Bishop

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Loss and/or degradation of nearshore habitats have led to increased efforts to restore or enhance many of these habitats, particularly those that are deemed essential for marine fishes. Copper rockfish (Sebastes caurinus) and lingcod (Ophiodon enlongatus) are dominant members of the typical reef fish community that inhabit rocky and high-relief substrates along the Pacific Northwest. We used acoustic telemetry to document their residency and movements in the nearshore waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska in order to assess use of created reef habitat in an individual-based manner. A total of 57 fish were surgically implanted with …

Variable Palatability Of Quaking Aspen For Large Ungulate Herbivores, Patrice Alexa Nielson

Theses and Dissertations

Aspen is a key resource in the Rocky Mountain Region for wildlife forage and habitat, lumber products, scenery, and plays important roles in fire ecology and hydrological processes. There is evidence of aspen decline over much of the Intermountain West for approximately 100 years. In Dixie and Fishlake National Forests, UT, aspen distribution has decreased by nearly half. Causes of this decline are not well understood, although wildlife browsing by ungulates has been implicated as playing a major role. The objective of this research was to examine what soil or plant factors might be involved in wildlife browse choice in …

The Identity Of Zachaenus Roseus Cope, 1890 (Anura: Species Inquirenda), Esteban O. Lavilla, J. J. Nuñez, F. E. Rabanal, José A. Langone, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

Zachaenus roseus Cope, 1890, has puzzled systematists working in southern South America. A single individual, the holotype, has ever been collected and this specimen is in extremely poor preservation condition. Herein, the precise location of the type locality of Z. roseus is determined based on a historical review of the literature. Furthermore, following a careful comparison with all species that inhabit the southern austral forest, and that could potentially correspond to Zachaenus roseus, we conclude that this taxon is placed in the synonymy of Eupsophus calcaratus (Günther, 1881)

Factors Affecting Cytoplasmic And Nuclear Structures Of Mouse Gametes And Embryos Using Immunocytochemistry Technique., Nooraain Hashim

Student Works (2010-2019)

Experiment 1 was conducted with the main objective to establish ICC technique for morphological analysis of the mouse oocytes and embryos in local laboratory. Several tests were conducted to achieve specific aims which included; a) to study efficacy of the available instruments and system for detecting fluorescence signals from mouse oocytes, b) to compare efficiency of improved methods to reveal oocyte morphology. Fluorescence images of the meiotic spindles, cortical granules and nuclear materials were compared between sample preparations methods. The results showed that the methods employed were reliable to be used for detecting the meiotic spindle, cortical granules and nuclear …

Impact Of Historical Climate Change On The Genetic Structure Of The Great Basin Pocket Mouse, Perognathus Parvus, Ashwitha Francis, Mallory E. Eckstut, Brett R. Riddle

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

The dynamics of genetic patterns, such as genetic differentiation within and between populations and the geographic distribution of genetic lineages, are often influenced by historical events (such as climatic changes) that have substantially impacted regional biodiversity (the study of phylogeography; Avise, 20001). The magnitude of genetic differentiation among populations is often increased if suitable habitat is reduced, because there is restricted migration among populations. When migration is restricted, the populations may become genetically differentiated from conspecific populations and, over time, may become independent lineages that follow distinctive evolutionary trajectories (Stebbins, 19523; Nevo & Beiles, 19892; Thomas et al., 19984). In …

Ubiquitin Dependent Proteolysis In The Frozen Wood Frog, Michael Ulrich, Ken Storey, Frank Van Breukelen

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) freeze during the winter. One might presume that homeostatic processes like protein synthesis and degradation cease during freezing. However, few data are available. In collaboration with Dr. Ken Storey (Carelton University, Canada), we are investigating the primary mode of proteolysis in wood frogs representing different points of the freeze-thaw cycle.

Environment-Induced Phenotypic Plasticity In The Teeth Of Hatchery And Wild Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Floridanus, Tamilselvi Selvaraj

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Successful stock enhancement of hatchery-reared fish depends heavily on the release of individuals able to demonstrate strong survival skills. Overall survival of fishes is a reflection of a successful blend of physiology, anatomy, and behavior. With fishes being highly phenotypically plastic, the potential exists for all aspects of hatcheryreared fish to vary significantly from their wild counterparts while having potentially adverse effects on their survival after release. Previous analyses have demonstrated significant differences between the feeding behavior of hatchery-reared and wild caught largemouth bass (Micropterus floridanus) in the laboratory, as well as differences in the development of the …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 86, No. 3), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Capuchins (Cebus Apella) Can Solve A Means-End Problem, Anna M. Yocom, Sarah T. Boysen

Sentience Collection

Three capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) were tested on a 2-choice discrimination task designed to examine their knowledge of support, modeled after Hauser, Kralik, and Botto-Mahan’s (1999) experiments with tamarins. This task involved a choice between 2 pieces of cloth, including 1 with a food reward placed on its surface, and a second cloth with the food reward next to its surface. After reliably solving the basic problem, the capuchins were tested with various alternations of the original food reward and cloth. The capuchins were able to solve the initial task quickly, and generalize their knowledge to additional functional and nonfunctional …

Protecting Inshore And Demersal Finfish Identification Of Critical Habitats For Juvenile Dhufish Workshop Report, Gabby E. Mitsopoulos, Brett W. Molony

Fisheries Research Reports

A Juvenile Dhufish Workshop was held at the Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories (WAFMRL) on 18th March 2010, which was the first component of a State Natural Resource Management (NRM) funded project entitled “Protecting Inshore and Demersal Finfish - Identification of Critical Habitats for Juvenile Dhufish”. The primary objective of the workshop was to provide a forum for discussion in order to compile all biological, ecological and anecdotal information on the early life history of dhufish, to create hypotheses of habitat requirements for juvenile dhufish and provide recommendations as to which sampling methods should be used to confirm …

Review Of The Exploitation Of Marine Resources Of The Australian Indian Ocean Territories: The Implications Of Biogeographic Isolation For Tropical Island Fisheries, Matthew Hourston

Fisheries Research Reports

The small islands of the Indian Ocean Territories are isolated reefs in an expanse of open ocean of abyssal depth. The majority of marine species that live on their reefs and lagoons have settled there from remote locations. Colonising individuals are presumed to have come to the island as the result of unusual weather and current conditions and form populations that are, necessarily, largely self-sustaining. The isolated populations that make up many of the fish and invertebrate stocks at the Cocos (Keeling) and Christmas Islands rely almost exclusively on larvae returning to their home reef to settle, grow and ultimately …

The Effects Of Growth Hormone In The Inner Ear Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) During Hair Cell Regeneration, Chia-Hui Lin

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Although deafness is a universal problem, effective treatments have remained elusive. In order to develop potential treatments, an overall understanding of the cellular process of auditory hair cell regeneration, which occurs in fish but not mammals, must be established. A previous microarray analysis and qRT-PCR validation of noise-exposed zebrafish showed that growth hormone (GH) was significantly upregulated during the process of auditory hair cell regeneration. Thus, GH may play an important role during hair cell regeneration. However, cellular effects of exogenous GH in the zebrafish auditory hair cell regeneration have not been examined after noise exposure. To understand the effect …

Age, Reproduction, Growth, Condition And Diet Of The Introduced Yellow Bass, Morone Mississippiensis, In Barren River Lake, Kentucky, Peter G. Zervas

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Introduction of fish species to North American drainages has occurred for over 100 years. Introduced fish species have been documented to have adverse effects on both the environment and native species of the drainage into which they have been introduced. To better understand the effects that introduced species may have on a particular drainage, it is essential to understand aspects of the introduced species’ life history. The objectives of the current study is to quantify the age, reproduction, growth, condition and diet of the yellow bass, Morone mississippiensis, in Barren River Lake, Kentucky. Monthly collections from three areas on …

Neutralization Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Antiangiogenic Isoforms Or Administration Of Proangiogenic Isoforms Stimulates Vascular Development In The Rat Testis, Michelle M. Baltes-Breitwisch, Robin A. Artac, Rebecca C. Bott, Renee M. Mcfee, Jill G. Kerl, Debra T. Clopton, Andrea S. Cupp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a role in both angiogenesis and seminiferous cord formation, and alternative splicing of the Vegfa gene produces both proangiogenic isoforms and antiangiogenic isoforms (B-isoforms). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of pro- and antiangiogenic isoforms during testis development and to determine the role of VEGFA isoforms in testis morphogenesis. Quantitative RT-PCR determined that Vegfa_165b mRNA was most abundant between embryonic days 13.5 and 16 (E13.5 and 16; P < 0.05). Compared with ovarian mRNA levels, Vegfa_120 was more abundant at E13–14 (P < 0.05), Vegfa_164 was less abundant at E13 (P < 0.05), and Vegfa_165b tended to be less abundant …

Effects Of An Enriched And Barren Environment On Behavioral And Physiological Responses Related To Laying Hen Welfare, Caroline Davis

All Theses

This study was conducted to determine the effects of housing environment on behavioral and physiological responses related to laying hen welfare. General observations and two behavioral fear assessments (emergence test [EM] and tonic immobility test [TI]) were used as behavioral assessments. A heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was used as a physiological stress indicator. Nine hundred day-old Leghorn chicks were randomly assigned to either a floor pen environment or a commercial cage housing environment. The cage chicks were housed in 20 commercial battery brooder cages (25 per cage) up until four weeks of age and then moved to 39 battery grower cages (10 …

Intra- And Interpopulation Variation In Morphology And Behaviors In The Sailfin Molly, Poecilia Latipinna (Poeciliidae: Poecilia: Mollienesia), Jennifer Seda

All Theses

Understanding factors that contribute to population differences can provide insight into the process of speciation, yet population level studies seldom take into account variation among individuals within a population. Such intrapopulation variation may influence the degree to which interpopulation variation in suites of traits can arise. My research focused on characterizing intra- and interpopulation variation in male morphological and behavioral traits in the sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna. First, I characterized the overall body shape of several populations of P. latipinna collected from north Florida in two different years. I used linear morphological measurements to examine shape and found there to …

Western Rock Lobster International Stock Assessment And Modelling Workshop Report, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Occasional Publications

No abstract provided.

Interaction Between Roughages And Corn Milling Byproducts In Finishing Cattle Diets, Joshua R. Benton

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

During ethanol production, starch is the primary nutrient fermented and the remaining byproducts are excellent sources of fiber and protein. In addition, inclusion of byproducts in finishing diets may reduce the incidence of acidosis. As a result, roughage level and quality could potentially be reduced in finishing diets containing byproducts. Three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of roughage and wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) in finishing cattle diets containing corn distillers grains plus solubles. Cattle fed finishing diets containing wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) with no roughage had decreased DMI and ADG compared to cattle fed roughage. …

Insectivorous Bat Assemblages In Relation To Spatial Aspects Of Virgin Jungle Reserves In Peninsular Malaysia., Joann Christine Luruthusamy

Student Works (2010-2019)

The tropical region supports the highest diversity of bat fauna known. Reasons for their success are mainly due to their large geographical ranges, the diversity of habitats, various foraging strategies and the tendency to exhibit a variety of roosting behaviour. This study addresses the issue of insectivorous bat distribution in relation to spatial aspects such as geography, size, distance and topography. This information was gathered from the 958 individuals and 27 insectivorous bat species that were captured and identified over a span of 18 months. This study which included six virgin jungle reserves of various sizes across Peninsular Malaysia revealed …

Information Acquisition And Sociality Among Migratory Birds, Zoltán Németh

Dissertations

Information use is a key feature of adaptive behavior: the better informed an individual, the better it is able to adjust its behavior to meet the demands of a variable world. Therefore, most animals attempt to reduce environmental uncertainty by gathering information when it is available. However, tracking unpredictable ecological factors may carry costs as individuals invest valuable time and energy in the process of information acquisition. Social learning (i.e., use of social information inadvertently produced by other individuals) enables the individual to gain rapid and more complete assessment of its novel environment. This process may be particularly important for …

Human Induced Rotation And Reorganization Of The Brain Of Domestic Dogs, Taryn Roberts, Paul Mcgreevy, Michael Valenzuela

Morphology Collection

Domestic dogs exhibit an extraordinary degree of morphological diversity. Such breed-to-breed variability applies equally to the canine skull, however little is known about whether this translates to systematic differences in cerebral organization. By looking at the paramedian sagittal magnetic resonance image slice of canine brains across a range of animals with different skull shapes (N = 13), we found that the relative reduction in skull length compared to width (measured by Cephalic Index) was significantly correlated to a progressive ventral pitching of the primary longitudinal brain axis (r = 0.83), as well as with a ventral shift in the position …

In Vitro Enabling Technologies For Use In The Aquatic Environment, Colm J. O'Dowd

Doctoral

O’Dowd, C., Mothersill, C.E., Cairns, M.T., Austin, B., Lyng, F.M., McClean, B. and Murphy, J.E.J. Assessing the mitochondrion as a biomarker of fish tissue damage using g radiation as a stress model in vitro.

There is an ever-increasing need for biomarkers to identify toxic stress in the aquatic environment. Such techniques need to be accurate, expeditious, ethical and economical. Typically, in vitro based platforms fit these criteria however many of these systems often undergo ‘assay drift’ and consequently do not fully represent the real-life situation.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the mitochondrion and its (dys)function …

Multidisciplinary Assessment And Documentation Of Past And Present Human Impacts On The Neotropical Forests Of Petén, Guatemala, Christopher Stephen Balzotti

Theses and Dissertations

Tropical forests provide important habitat for a tremendous diversity of plant and animal species. However, limitations in measuring and monitoring the structure and function of tropical forests has caused these systems to remain poorly understood. Remote-sensing technology has provided a powerful tool for quantification of structural patterns and associating these with resource use. Satellite and aerial platforms can be used to collect remotely sensed images of tropical forests that can be applied to ecological research and management. Chapter 1 of this article highlights the resources available for tropical forest remote sensing and presents a case-study that demonstrates its application to …