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Block And Bridle Annual, 1974

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Advisors ...............................2
Animal Science Faculty .....................3
Officers ................................4
Committee Chairman ......................5
Membership ........................... 6-7
NU Graduate Students ..................... 8
Animal Science Graduates ................9-13
Quarter Horse Show ................... 14-1 5
Appaloosa Horse Show ....................1 6
Livestock Contest ........................ 17
Honor's Banquet ...................... 18- 19
Portrait Presentation ......................2 0
Junior Scholarship Award ................. 21
Senior Merit Award ......................22
ASAS Meeting & Sticker Sales .............. 23
Youthful Exhibitors ......................24
Program Review .........................25
Fall Steak Fry ..........................26
KidlsDay ..............................27
Little AK-SAR-BEN ...................2 8-30
Ham Sales ..............................31
National B & B Report ....................32
Christmas Coffee ........................33
B & B Queen Finalists ....................34 …

The Medina Pig Research Station, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Before the Department of Agriculture's Medina Pig Research Station was established in 1964, pig production research had been carried out on Denmark Research Station, Muresk Agricultural College and in some commercial herds.

However, with increasing specialisation in the pig industry better facilities were needed. Medina Research Station provides such facilities, allowing it to carry out research to provide detailed information of immediate practical value for both extensive and intensive pig production enterprises.

Effect Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus Level Upon Calcium, Phosphorus And Nitrogen Balance In Swine, P. E. Vipperman, Jr., E. R. Peo, Jr., P. J. Cunningham

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level upon calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen balance in growing swine. The nine pigs in each trial averaged 22.6, 25.2 and 26.5 kg initially for trials 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The diets contained three levels of calcium and three levels of phosphorus and were rotated among the pigs in the three trials. Feed intake was adjusted to metabolic size.

Effects Of Fungus-Fermented Soybeans On Broiler Growth And Life Cycle Performance Of Coturnix Quail, Cheong Choo Chah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the extensive data that have accumulated on the detrimental effect of molds on the growth of farm animals, very little is known as to the beneficial role of fungi in animal feed. Recent studies at South Dakota State University research laboratories revealed, however, that only 164 of 392 strains of Aspergilli were found to be toxic. When the cultures were grown on sterile soybeans or wheat, some of the tested cultures exerted positive effects on growth of chicks and mice. Hence, the investigations reported herein were initiated to obtain further information on those cultures beneficial to chick performance and …

In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Protecting Whey Protein Concentrate For Ruminants, David Rodriguez Maltos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In experiment I a series of in vitro buffer and rumen fermentation studies were conducted to evaluate protein solubility at pH 6.8 and pH 2.5 (with pepsin) and ammonia production from whey protein concentrates (WPC, 55% protein) treated with 0, .25, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde; 1, .5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6% tannic acid; and 0, 1, 2, and 3 hr of heat treatment at 104 C. Protein solubility and ammonia production from casein treated with 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde and 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% tannic acid were also studied. All levels of formaldehyde treatment of …

Initiation Of Parturition In Dairy Cows With Dexamethasone And Dexamethasone Plus Estradiol Benzoate, Gary Lee Beardsley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parturition was initiated in 25 of 29 (Trial 1) and 26 of 26 (Trial 2) Holstein cows given dexamethasone (Trial 1), 4.4 mg/100 kg body weight, or dexamethasone plus .25 mg estradiol benzoate (Trial 2) at day 273 of gestation. Parturition occurred at 45.l z +/-11.1 h (Trial 1) and 40.8 ± 9.6 h (Trial 2) after injection. Twenty-nine control cows (Trial 1) and 26 control cows (Trial 2) had average gestation lengths of 280 and 281 days, respectively. In Trial 1, calving difficulty was greater (P <.05) while birth weight of calves was 3.0 kg less (P<.05) for the induced cows compared to controls. In Trial 2, no differences in calving difficulty were found, while calf birth weight was 2.5 kg less (P <.10) for the induced cows compared to controls. Average birth weights of calves were 42.4 and 45.4 kg, Trial 1; and L~o.8 and 43.3 kg for Trial 2, for induced and control groups. Severity of udder edema did not differ for either trial. Average daily milk production for the first 9 wk of lactation was 2l~.8 kg and 27.8 kg (Trial 1) and 24.2 kg and 27.7 kg (Trial 2), for induced and control groups. In both trials, differences in milk fat or fat corrected milk were nil. Total milk production (305 day-2X-mature equivalent) was not significantly different for either trial. Changes in body weight were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. The incidence of retained placental membranes was 76 and 10'/4 (Trial 1) and 50 and 4% (Trial 2) for induced and control cows. Average days to first heat, days to firs+, service, days to conception, and services per conception for induced cows were: 58 .4, 79-9, 117.8, 2.0 (Trial l); 80.7, 81.4, 102.2, 1.64 (Trial 2); and for control cows were: 58.6, 82.3, 105.5, 1.8 (Trial l); 89.0, 91.4, 128~6, 1.94 (Trial 2). In Trial 1, the incidence of milk fever in cows with no previous history was 24 and 10'/4 for induced a"'1.d control cows. There were no differences in the incidence of metabolic disorders in Trial 2. Results of California Mastitis Tests were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. In both Trial 1 and Trial 2, fat, protein, total solids, and gamma globulin content of the colostrum did not differ between control an treatment groups;· Casein values were lower (P <.05) for the treatment group in both trials. Average daily gains from 0 to 10 weeks were .63 and .60 kg, for Trial 1; and .51 and .46 kg, for Trial 2, for induced and control calves. No differences were found in calf death loss or health disorders between groups. Similar levels of serum gamma globulin were found for both groups at 0 (before sucking) and 3 days of age in both trials. No meaningful differences were found in total serum protein, albumin, and alpha and beta globulin levels in both trials. No differences were found at birth, in chest depth, shoulder width, head circumference, hip width, and wither height of calves.

Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The importance of fish parasites is directly related to the value of the fish they affect. Alaskan salmonids are extremely important and are constantly increasing in value to the United States. Other countries, such as Japan and Russia, are also finding Alaskan salmonids important as a foodstuff. If human populations continue growing at present rates, in only a few years there could be twice as many people eating fish. As a recreational asset in Alaska, salmonids rank at or near the top, both for sportfishing and as a natural attraction. It is thus important from an economic point of view …

Gonadal Hormone Levels Prior To And Following Puberty In Straightbred And Crossbred Beef Heifers, Walter Ronald Parker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Five heifers from each of four breed groups (Angus x Angus, Charolais x Charolais and the two reciprocal crosses) were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels during the interval from 16 weeks before puberty to puberty (trial I). Puberty was defined as the first standing estrus. Two heifer calves from dams from each of the above breed groups and sired by a single Polled Hereford bull were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels from birth to weaning (trial II). Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals from trial I heifers before puberty and three times weekly …

The Effects Of Gestation Metabolizable Energy Levels On Sow Productivity And Hematology, George W. Libal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It has been estimated that of the potential ova shed by the sow on1y about 55% result in live pigs born. Reproductive inefficiency can occur as a result of oversupplying or undersupplying energy. Since 1959, the National Research Council has reduced its listed energy requirements for the gravid sow considerably. The studies reported herein were conducted to evaluate metabolizable energy (ME) levels for gestating sows at and below the recommended levels and measure their effect on sow productivity as well as sow hematology at various stages of reproduction. Two experiments, each consisting of three trials, were conducted. Experiment 1, two …

Reproductive Wastage Among Merino Ewe Flocks. 2. Non-Clover Areas, T Marshall, B. R. Beetson, R. J. Lightfoot, G. R. Mcmullen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This research sought to define the reasons for low fertility among Merino ewes in Western Australia.

This first article looks at wastage in Non-Clover areas

Time Of Mating And Incidence Of Conception And Implantation In The Post Partum Lactating Female Mouse, Paul A. Walter

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology By Paul A. Walter on July 23, 1973.

Sources, Paul A. Johnsgard

Grouse and Quails of North America by Paul A. Johnsgard

Bibliography; more than 600 works cited

The Relationship Of Climatic Factors To Grazing Activities Of Cows On Winter And Spring Ranges, Benton M. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of climatic variations upon the daily activities of grazing cattle. The activities of individual cows on a partially seeded salt desert shrub range were observed and recorded during three grazing periods. Two of the periods were during consecutive winters and the other during the spring. Climatic variations during the second winter period were quantified and compared to changes in the daily activity patterns of the cattle.

Distinctly different daily routines of cattle activities were evident for the winter and spring seasons. In the spring, the cattle grazed, traveled, and drank …

Impact Of The Black-Tailed Jackrabbits (Lepus Californicus) On Vegetation In Curlew Valley, Northern Utah, Mark Westoby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The interrelations of black-tailed jackrabbits and the desert-shrub vegetation on which they were feeding were studied in Curlew Valley, Northern Utah. The vegetation was described as a three-cornered continuum, the corners being types dominated respectively by Artemisia tridentata, Atriplex confertifolia, and Sarcobatus vermiculatus.

Jackrabbit diet was studied by microscopic analysis of plant fragments in stomachs from shot animals. The method was inaccurate, apparently because the ratio of identifiable tissues to all ingested tissues was very low, and varied between plant taxa, and seasonally. This problem seems intractable for desert shrub vegetation.

The diet was similar to that …

Factors Affecting Feeding Habits Of Sheep Grazing Foothill Ranges Of Northern Utah, Farid D. Iskander

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An experiment was designed to study the effects of forage availability, season and intensity of grazing, and distribution and behavior of sheep on their forage preferences. Three grazing periods of 15 days each were used to study the effect of season. Each grazing period included a heavy and a moderate stocking intensity. Pastures were divided by a grid into 30.48 m x 30.48 m compartments. Each compartment was sampled for botanical composition of available herbage prior to and after grazing. Esophageally fistulated sheep were allowed to graze freely and positions of individual sheep with respect t o compartments were recorded …

Economics Of Carry-Over Production And Increased Grazing Season Length Due To Range Fertilization, Paul W. Mccormick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper entails the economic and biological interpretation of the response of rangeland grasses to nitrogen fertilization. Six sites throughout Utah received graduated rates of fertilizer. The coefficients of the production function
Y = a + bN - cN²
were identified.

An initial production and a carry-over response were identified on sites receiving greater than ten inches of annual precipitation. Optimum fertilization rates may be identified by equating the marginal physical product to the ratio of the price of nitrogen to the price of the forage.

Forage response to nitrogen is reflected strongly in the early growth response in …

A Computerized Performance Record Keeping System For Beef Cattle In Utah, John J. Pierce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A computer program was developed at Utah State University (USU) to aid in obtaining a more complete individual performance record keeping system for beef cattle in Utah. Some computer programs for beef cattle records presently exist but a program was needed that was readily available to the USU animal science extension and resident staff.

The program was written in FORTRAN for use on the Burrogh 6700 computer located at the Utah State University Computer Center. It was designed to read input data for individual animals, perform various calculations (i. e. days of age, adjusted weaning weight and weaning weight ratio), …

Habitat Selection By Large Wild Ungulates And Some Aspects Of The Energy Flow In A Sub-Tropical African Savanna Woodland Ecosystem, Stanley M. Hirst

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study of habitat selection by large wild ungulates was carried out on a 50 cm² area in the sub-tropical Lowveld region of eastern Transvaal province, South Africa. Estimations were made of herbaceous forage net productivity and ungulate secondary productivity on the same area.

Fourteen vegetation types, varying in composition and structure from open savanna to dense woodland, were delineated by association analysis. Structural and vegetational characteristics which were considered to influence ungulate distribution were measured within each vegetation type.

The study area supported resident populations of seven ungulate species during the wet season; drv season densities were higher …

The Effects Of Thiamin Deficiency And Thiamin Antagonists On Cardiac Function In The Rat, D. James B. Sutherland

Theses and Dissertations

A study was made to determine what biochemical changes were involved in the slowing of the rat heart rate during thiamin deprivation, pyrithiamin or oxythiamin treatment. The appearance of bradycardia during progressive thiamin deficiency was shown to be related to the reduction in myocardial enzymatic activity of pyruvate (PDH) and 2-ketoglutarate (2-KGDH) dehydrogenase, and not due to inanition alone since pair-fed control rats did not show bradycardia until the agonal stage. Bradycardia was not the result of reduced energy since CP, ATP, ADP, and AMP levels remained normal even though PDH and 2-KGDH activity dropped to 20% of normal by …

Reproduction And Development Of Ferrissia Rivularis (Say) (Basommatophora: Ancylidae) And The Effects Of Maleic Hydrazide On Its Development And Fecundity, Yuan-Hsu Kang

Theses and Dissertations

Ferrissia rivularis was selected for research because of its local accessibility and because essentially nothing was known of its reproduction and development. Reproductive and developmental biology is first described herein from the natural environment. This is then compared with the effects created by experimental exposure to a selected herbicide, maleic hydrazide, which might be a potential threat to certain invertebrates in the natural environment.

1973 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Ec73-1907 Internal Parasites Of Cattle, D. L. Ferguson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 73-1907 is about internal parasites in cows and how they affect cattle production.

Internal parasites continue to be one of the major problems confronting cattle producers. In 1965, the United States Department of Agriculture estimated that internal parasites in cattle caused an average annual loss of $161,678,000. The internal parasites responsible for the annual loss are listed below.

Anaplasmosis. .$ 36,001,000

Coccidiosis . . . .14,569,000

Worm Parasites .100,046,000

Liver Flukes . . . 3,022,000

Trichomoniasis .. 8,040,000

In cattle the effects of internal parasites will be well camouflaged. However, additional feed will be required to reach market …

Sheep Liver Copper Levels, J W. Gartrell

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Introduction.

Our knowledge, and consequently our advise to farmers on the needs for copper fertilizers in the wheatbelt have been largely based on thoses of plants - cereals in particular. For one thing, definitive experimentation is easier with cereals than sheep.

Discussion.

Interpretation.

Appendix.

Dried Whey As An Additive For Alfalfa Haylage And As A Grain Supplement For Dairy Cows, Sitakantha Dash

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research was conducted to explore the possibility of utilizing surplus whey in dairy cattle rations. Four experiments determined the influence of whey on preservation, digestibility and feeding value of alfalfa haylage. The last experiment was initiated to evaluate dried whey as a grain supplement. When dried whole whey was added at O, 1, and 10% levels to reconstituted alfalfa haylage (chopped baled hay plus 50% water) and preserved in sealed metal containers, it reduced pH, decreased acetic acid, and increased lactic acid. The general pattern of fermentation was better in whey-treated haylages than in corresponding untreated haylages. An in …

Objective Measurement And The Stud Breeder, B R. Beetson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The movement towards sale of wool by certificate and sample highlights the significance of objective measurement in the Merino stud breeders' selection of his top rams.

This article suggests how stud breeders should use the Department of Agriculture's Flock Testing Service to gain genetic progress in wool producing ability without loss of visual buyer appeal.

Studs' use of the service will be evaluated in 1974.

Lot Feeding Sheep In Sheds, H E. Fels, B. Malcolm

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The need to gather and hold sheep for slaughter or live shipment led a West Australian company!, with the Department of Agriculture, to investigate the use of sheds for short term lot feeding of sheep. Preliminary examination suggested that feedlot sheds connected by a sheep footpath to the abattoirs, railway or saleyards could be cheaper as well as more practicable than continued use of holding paddocks.

The first week or two are commonly the most difficult in lot feeding sheep or cattle. Long-term indoor lot-feeding is a normal practice in some overseas countries but we did not know whether untrained …

Parameters Of Growth Of Holstein-Friesian Bulls, L. L. Calo, R. E. Mcdowell, L. Dale Van Vleck, P. D. Miller

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Growth records of 504 pedigree selected Holstein-Friesian bulls by 120 sires collected for progeny testing at the American Breeders Service, Inc., DeForest, Wisconsin from 1964 to 1971, were studied to determine the shape of the growth curve, relationships among body weights and growth rates at various ages and to estimate heritability of growth. Body weight and average/daily gain were consistently higher than the previous growth standards for Holstein-Friesian bulls. Bulls weighed about 480 kg at 15 months, which was 46% of average mature weight. Average daily gain ranged from 1.3 to 0.8 kg between 6 and 18 months of age. …

Effect Of Amino Acids On Non-Protein Nitrogen Utilization By G-F Swine, P. D. Platter, E. R. Peo, Jr., P. E. Vipperman, P. J. Cunningham

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two metabolism and one feeding experiment were conducted with a total of 118 crossbred pigs to determine the effect of amino acids on non-protein nitrogen (NPN) utilization by G-F swine.

Block And Bridle Annual, 1973

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Dr. Baker's Address
Staff Comments
President's Speech
Advisors
Officers
Committee Chairmen
Membership
Animal Science Staff
Graduate Students
Animal Science Graduates
Quarter Horse Show
Appaloosa Horse Show
Program Revue
Livestock Judging Contest
Meats Judging Contest
Honor's Banquet
Junior Scholarship Award
Senior Merit Trophy Winner
Honoree Portrait Presentation
Page ASAS Trip
B & B State Fair Awards
Fall Steak Fry
Kids Day
Little AK-SAR-BEN
Ham Sales
Christmas Coffee
B&B Dance
Queen Finalists
Queen
Number Stickers & National B & B Report
Spring Tour
Senior Livestock Judging Team
Senior Meats Judging Team
Junior Livestock Judging Team
Junior Meats Judging Team …

Evaluation Of Purebreds And Two-Breed Crosses In Swine: Feedlot Performance And Carcass Merit , R. K. Johnson, I. T. Omtvedt, L. E. Walters

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Feedlot performance of 941 barrows and gilts and carcass traits of 190 barrows of purebreds and crossbreds of the Duroc, Hampshire and Yorkshire breeds were evaluated for differences between purebreds and reciprocal crosses and for heterosis. Purebred and crossbred litters were farrowed contemporaneously at the Ft. Reno Experiment Station in the 1971 spring and fall farrowing seasons.

Rather distinct differences between the pure breeds were evident for most traits. In general, Durocs gained weight more rapidly than Hampshires and Yorkshires while Yorkshires were the most efficient pure breed. Hampshire barrows had less backfat, more loin eye area and more total …