Digital Commons Network^™

Genetic And Phenotypic Relationships Between Pubertal And Growth Characteristics Of Gilts, L. K. Hutchens, R. L. Hintz, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data on 737 crossbred and purebred gilts were used to obtain heritability estimates for age at puberty (AGEPUB) and weight at puberty (WTPUB) and their genetic and phenotypic correlations with birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), postweaning daily gain (ADG), adjusted age at 90.7 kg (AGE) and adjusted backfat at 90.7 kg (BF). The heritability estimates for AGEPUB were low to moderate (.19 and .40, based upon paternal and maternal half-sib estimates, respectively.) The genetic (rg) and phenotypic (rp) correlations between AGEPUB and BW (r_g = -.07; r_p = -.09), WW (r_g = -.25; r_p = …

Growth And Recruitment Of Two Penaeids In The Bay Of St. Louis, Mississippi During 1979, Teresa C. Heaton

OES Theses and Dissertations

Juvenile brown (Penaeus aztecus, Ives) and white (Penaeus setiferus, Linnaeus) shrimp were collected from two stations of a nursery area in St. Louis Bay Mississippi, during May to October, 1979. Periods of shrimp recruitment and growth were determined to discern whether the concurrent environmental variables of salinity and temperature had an influence on shrimp abundance and yield. Growth estimates were obtained from length frequency measurements of trawl samples taken over a 24-h period per month from each station. An analysis of variance of length versus the variables of sex, month, station, time of day, salinity and …

1981 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Food Habits Of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Salmoides (Lacepede) And Spotted Bass, Micropterus Punctulatus (Rafinesque), From Beech Fork Reservoir, A New Impoundment In Wayne And Cabell Counties, West Virginia, Michael A. Arcuri

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A study was undertaken to determine the food habits of two game fishes, the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede) and the spotted bass M. punctulatus (Rafinesque) in Beech Fork Reservoir shortly after its impoundment. A total of 171 largemouth bass and 95 spotted bass were collected from July 1978, through June 1979, and their stomach contents analyzed.

Largemouth bass fed primarily on fishes, particularly young-of-the-year bluegill. Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates were also important food items, especially during the spring and fall . The dominant aquatic forms were chironomid larvae and pupae while the dominant terrestrial forms were adult dipterans.

Spotted …

Bacterial Gill Disease Of Freshwater Fishes, S. F. Snieszko

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Bacterial gill disease (BGD) was first described by Davis (1926, 1927), who observed it in fry and fingerling brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in hatcheries in Vermont. The affected trout were kept in dirt-bottom ponds and were not crowded; , daily mortalities were very low. Mortalities rapidly increased when the water temperature increased and diminished when the temperature decreased. Examination of the diseased trout revealed clubbing of gill filaments. In microscopic examination of wet mounts of the filaments" Davis found that the gill surface was covered with closely adhering strands of long, …

Breeding And Use Of Nonhuman Primates In The Usa, Joe R. Held

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Several species of nonhuman primates, each possessing specific characteristics of particular value, are used by the United States biomedical community in various health-related activities. These animals are man's closest relatives and are indispensable in understanding and controlling human health problems. The destruction of primate habitats and embargoes on the export of primates from source countries have decreased the supply of these animals. The inadequate and erratic supply of these resources threatens the continuation of many ongoing and new activities contributing to improving human health. In the U.S., a program has been developed to meet the health needs of primates:

1) …

The Buller-Steer Syndrome, Richarad Ulbrich

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Bulling among steers is an abnormal behavioral trait and is a common health and economic problem in feedlot operations. Factors associated with the buller-steer syndrome are hormonal implantation, seasonality and environmental conditions, stress, overcrowding, and social interaction between individuals. Research has examined relationships between these and other factors and buller occurrence. Boredom of feedlot cattle may contribute more to buller occurrence and other undesirable behavior than we might suspect. Research is needed to determine the feasibility of enriching the environment of penned livestock in general, the goal of which would be, in theory, eliminating undesirable behavior and increasing performance.

Productivity And Farm Animal Welfare, Michael W. Fox

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

In the search for and debate over objective indices of farm animal welfare, productivity Is regarded by many animal scientists and others in the livestock industry as the most reliable measure of an animal's overall well-being and adaptability. On the surface, this would seem so, as productivity, in terms of growth rate, milk yield, feed conversion, and egg production, can be easily quantified. However, there are flaws in this assumption.

Breeding And Use Of Nonhuman Primates In The Usa, Joe R. Held

Experimentation Collection

Several species of nonhuman primates, each possessing specific characteristics of particular value, are used by the United States biomedical community in a wide variety of health-related activities. These animals are man's closest relatives and are indispensable in the effort to understand and control human health problems.

The destruction of primate habitats and embargoes on export of primates from source countries have decreased the supply of these animals. Continuation of many ongoing and new activities contributing to the improvement of human health is threatened by inadequate and erratic supply of these resources. In the U.S., a program has been developed to …

Block And Bridle Annual, 1981

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Purpose and Emblem
Animal Science Dept. Chairman Address
Block and Bridle Presidents’ Address
Portrait Presentation Honoree
Visit with the Honoree
Senior Scholarship Award
Junior Scholarship Award
Animal Science Faculty
Animal Science Graduate Students
Animal Science Secretaries
Block and Bridle Advisors
Block and Bridle Officers
Block & Bridle Executive Committee
Block & Bridle Members
Block & Bridle Initiates
Liaison Committeee
Block & Bridle Seniors
Activities and Program Calendar
National Awards
New Activities
Honors Banquet
Summer & Regional Meetings
State Fair Beef Carcass Contest Award
Fall Steak Fry
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
Queen Candidates
Queen Coronation & Alumni Dance
Kid’s Day …

Effect Of Level Of Dietary Calcium-Phosphorus During Growth And Gestation On Calcium-Phosphorus Balance And Reproductive Performance Of First-Litter Sows, R. D. Nimmo, E. R. Peo, Jr., J. D. Crenshaw, B. D. Moser, A. J. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Twenty-four bred gilts were used in a Ca-P metabolism trial. Twelve gilts were fed gestation treatment A (13 g Ca, 10 g/day), while the other 12 were fed gestation treatment B (19.5 g Ca, 15 g P/day). One-half of the gilts in each treatment group were fed .65% Ca, .50% P from 7 to 94 kg, and half were fed .975% Ca, .75% P for the same period. Treatment B gilts excreted more (P<.005) fecal and urinary P. Twenty-four first litter sows fed the same treatment diets during growth and gestation and given .75% Ca, .50% P during lactation were used in a Ca and P balance trial conducted from day 38 to 42 of lactation.

Influence Of Age, Sex, And Calcium And Phosphorus Levels On The Mechanical Properties Of Various Bones In Swine, T. D. Crenshaw, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, B. D. Moser, D. Olson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Seventy-two 4-week-old pigs were randomly assigned by sex (gilts, barrows, boars) to two dietary treatments and four age periods for determinations of the effects of age, sex and Ca and P levels on the mechanical properties of various bones in swine.

A Simulation Model For Assessing Alternate Strategies For Beef Production With Land, Energy And Economic Constraints, Otto J. Loewer, E. M. Smith, G. Benock, Thomas C. Bridges, Larry G. Wells, Nelson Gay, S. Burgess, L. Springate, David L. Debertin

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A computer model has been developed to analyze alternate management strategies and energy and economic constraints. Daily production of beef animals and growing crops is simulated in response to prevailing conditions and system interactions using the GASP IV simulation language. Complete inventories of plant dry matter, animal status, production resources and economic net worth are maintained over the simulation period.

Bone Strength As A Trait For Assesing Mineralization In Swine: A Critical Review Of Techniques Involved, T. D. Crenshaw, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, B. D. Moser

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Lack of standardized test procedures has resulted in considerable variation in reported values for bone strength. Such variation can be attributed in part to the type of instruments used to determine physical properties of bone, procedures used to prepare the bones for testing and equations used to calculate strength. If bone strength is to be used as a major criterion of response in mineral nutrition research, standardization of procedures for measuring and reporting bone strength is essential. Traits that describe the mechanical properties of bone as determined in the commonly used flexure test in which force is applied perpendicularly to …

Hydrolyzed-Lactose Whey And Nonfat Dry Milk In Ice Cream, Mohammed Serajul Islam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sweet dry whey was used to replace 25% and 50% of nonfat dry milk solids in ice cream mix. Forty-five batches experimental and control lots of vanilla ice cream were manufactured. A commercial lactase was used to hydrolyze lactose to over 90% conversion and the lactase was inactivated after hydrolysis. The extent of lactose hydrolysis in the mix was adjusted to 50% or 75% by blending non-hydrolyzed nonfat dry milk and whey solids with hydrolyzed preparations. Extra sweetness of the conversion products permitted reduction of sucrose by 6.25% and 12.5%, respectively, in the 50% and 75% hydrolyzed lactose ice cream …

Lactase Activity In Steers Fed Large Amounts Of Dried Whey, Kenneth J. King

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Large amounts of dried whole whey (86% of concentrate mix, 60% of total dry matter intake) were fed to four Holstein steers in place of corn and soybean meal in the control diet to evaluate the extent and site of lactose digestion in the ruminant's digestive tract. Diets consisted of 70% of the dry matter as concentrate mix and 30% as corn silage fed ad libitum as a total mixed ration. Weight gains and dry matter intakes were similar for steers fed dried whole whey or control diets. Samples of rumen contents from steers fed dried whole whey contained more …

Ration/Density Comparisons With Caged Channel Catfish, Scott H. Newton, Walter R. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Preservative Effects Of Covering And Propionic Acid On Alfalfa Haylage In Bunker Silos, Thomas Jonathan Oelberg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The preservation efficiency of covering alfalfa haylage with black plastic (polyethylene) and/or treating haylage with propionic acid was studied in two trials. Experiment 1 was designed to evaluate the influence of both covering and treatment with propionic acid on haylage chemical composition and heifer growth. In experiment 1, prop ionic acid was administered to the haylage at the chopper at 0.02% of the fresh forage weight. Chemical composition and ensiling temperature of the haylage were monitored and animal growth was measured with 16 Holstein heifers. Covered haylage was superior to treated haylage in quality as measured by chemical analyses and …

Studies On The Scorpions Of Libya, Nuri Milad Barbash

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Supplementary Amino Acids In An All-Corn Diet On The Growth And Metabolic Performance Of Young Rats And Pigs, Dale Alan Grosbach

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

While there is presently an agreement on the status of lysine and tryptophan being closely first and second, or co-limiting, little beyond this is known. Which amino acids are the next limiting, and if they would give an important performance boost is unknown.

The stage of the pig’s growth at which these factors are examined may also be important. Much of the work has been done with larger growing or finishing of pigs. It may be more advantageous to work with pigs that weigh from 10 to 35 kg compared to the 40 to 110 kg animal. It is at …

Animal Science Newsletter, Spring 1980

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Greetings from Your Animal Science Department
Animal Science Reunion
Animal Science Alumnus Receives Honorary Degree
Staff Members Receive Livestock Service Awards
Animal Science Professor Receives Distinguished Teaching Award
Block and Bridle Honoree is J. Gerald Beattie
Animal Science Professor Receives Distinguished Teaching Award
Animal Science Graduates Come from Many States and Countries
Gamma Sigma Delta Award to Sullivan
National Extension Award to Fritschen
Meet the New Animal Science Department Staff Members
1979 Livestock, Dairy and Meats Judging Teams

The Development Of Methodology For Gas Liquid Chromatographic Determination Of Plant Sugars In Maturing Reed Canarygrass, Allan Scott Bittner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was concerned with development of chromatographic methods suitable for determination of plant sugars. The resultant methodology was applied to the comprehensive study of plant carbohydrates as they vary during plant growth. Plant cell walls were isolated with boiling water followed by delignification with acid chlorite. The soluble portions were hydrolyzed with 2N sulfuric acid and the total sugars and individual monosaccharides were quantified using gas chromatography and colorimetry. The insoluble residues were hydrolyzed with 72% sulfuric acid followed by dilution with water to 2N and further hydrolysis. The effects of duration of delignification and acid hydrolysis were interpreted …

Lactation And Weaning Weight Relationships In Hereford And Simmental-Hereford Cows In Southern Utah, William E. Zimmerman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lactation and weaning weight relationships were studied in 37 cows grazing Southern Utah irrigated pastures during the summer of 1979. The herd included 23 Hereford cows ranging in age from 2 to 12 years and 14 Simmental-Hereford half-blood cows aged 3 to 9 years. The suckling calves were sired by Hereford bulls.

The average daily milk yield of 6.16 kg was affected by the cow breed. Simmental-Hereford cows produced 7.11 kg of milk per day, while the Herefords produced 5.21 kg per day. Milk production declined with increased days in lactation. The decline was linear in the Simmental- Hereford cows …

Reproductive Success Of The White-Faced Ibis: The Effects Of Pesticides And Colony Characteristics, Benjamin B. Steele

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Reproductive success of white-faced ibis (Plegadis chihi) was measured in nine colonies on marshes in northern Utah during 1979. The effects of pesticides and characteristics of colonies and sub-colonies on reproductive success were examined.

DDE was present in all 80 eggs sampled and had a geometric mean concentration of 1.25 ppm. Shell thickness of 176 eggs was 4.3 percent below pre-1945 thickness. Shell thickness was weakly correlated with residues of DDT, DDE, Dieldrin, and heptachlor epoxide. Residues of these four pesticides were all correlated with each other. However, because of the stronger correlations between shell thickness and two …

An Investigation Into A New England Fisheries Development Project: Towards The Expansion Of The Whiting Fishery, J. H. Kaelin

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In 1973, the New England Fishery Development Program (NEFDP), an industry/government partnership was formed to offset a portion of the economic decline of the New England fishing industry while encouraging the development of underutilized species and nontraditional fishery products. The purpose of this paper is to examine one of the NEFDP's development projects and to comment on its apparent success. This paper attempts to determine if domestic processors can be expected to produce whiting fillet blocks that can compete in the market place with foreign imports. Several aspects of the problem are favorably resolved-an abundant whiting resource is available; the …

Relationship Between Relative Brain Size And Climbing Ability In Peromyscus, Cliff A. Lemen

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Eisenberg and Wilson (Evolution, 32:740-751, 1978) have documented an interesting relationship between the relative brain size of bats and the complexity of the habitat in which they forage. They found that bats that fly and forage through foliage have larger brains relative to their body size than those that forage in open air. Their explanation was that bats in the complex habitat must process more complex sonic information to navigate through the foliage. In order to do this a larger brain is required.

The Peromyscus of North America may offer a similar paradigm as far as habitat complexity …

Filtration Ingestion And Assimilation Rates Of The Mysid Shrimp Neomysis Americana Smith, Fed Three Food Sources, Robert W. Grabb

OES Theses and Dissertations

Laboratory grazing and assimilation experiments were conducted on the mysid shrimp Neomysis americana in an attempt to assess the suitability of three potential food sources. It was hypothesized that the smaller size classes were primarily herbivores, not becoming omnivorous until attaining lengths of approximately 5-6 mm. Four size classes of mysids from the summer generation, juveniles, immature, adult males, and adult ovigerous females were each fed three concentrations of Artemia salina nauplii, the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, and the diatom Coscinodiscus lineatus. The mean lengths of the size classes utilized, plus or minus one standard deviation, were 2.5 …

1980 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Age Study Of Minnesota Red Fox Using Cementum Annulae Counts And Tooth X-Rays, Dennis E. Simon, Merrill J. Frydendall

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

A prerequisite to the proper management of an animal species is understanding of its population dynamics. Attempting this, the age structure of 297 red fox trapped or shot in southern Minnesota was investigated, using the techniques of tooth sectioning and x-ray. Results from two seasons (1977 and 1978) were similar, with 76.8 percent of the harvested population being juveniles (78.4 percent, 1977 and 74.6 percent, 1978), whereas only 0 .6 percent of the total were in the 4½ year old class. The percentage of juveniles corresponds closely to the numbers predicted by a Department of Natural Resources model developed by …

The Impact Of Extended Jurisdiction To 200 Nautical Miles On The Development And Management Of Fisheries In Western Samoa, Fili Suafoa

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The consequences of the inevitable acceptance of extended jurisdiction and its impact on the development and management of fisheries in Western Samoa are considered within the framework of the principles outlined at the United Nations Third Conference of the Law of the Sea - Revised Informal Composite Negotiating Text for the Eighth Session 1979. It is pointed out that with the passage of the 200-mile exclusive economic zone, Western Samoa not only has the opportunity to benefit from the harvesting of fish under its jurisdiction, but also must accept the responsibility of ensuring that the resource is rationally managed, and …