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Veal-Revealed: The Controversy And New Developments, Dana Murphy

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Veal is meat that comes from the male offspring of dairy cows. These animals are not grown to maturity for beef because dairy breeds have been developed primarily for their milk-producing capability and not for the quality of their meat. Therefore, these animals are slaughtered as calves and marketed as "veal." In May 1981, the HSUS sent a letter to all veal industry companies raising concerns about current veal-rearing practices. Industry spokespersons defended the current system but have also been exploring changes in calf-rearing practices.

No Need To Be Boxed In: Group Pens And Grain For Veal Calves, Michael S. Mosner

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The author’s family has been in the wholesale veal business for 30 years. The basis of this business has been various breeds of female beef calves that are slaughtered at less than 500 lb. These calves are allowed to suck from cows and graze until they are ready for market. However, beef calves tend to vary in quality and quantity depending on the time of the year they are purchased and raised. Generally, calves become scarce in the spring, when feeders are buying calves to put out on pasture. The author comments on the future of the veal industry.

The Economics Of Farm Animal Welfare, A. J. K. Webster

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The number of ways one can be nice or nasty to animals is legion. This article will consider only one very specific aspect of farm animal welfare, namely, those systems of intensive animal production in which the system itself, irrespective of the quality of the stockmanship within the system appears to restrict the normal behavior of farm animals to an unacceptable degree. The systems that were considered by the House of Commons Select Committee on Agriculture (1981) include egg production from hens in battery cages, production of veal from calves deprived of solid food and isolated in wooden crates, and …

Cooperative Project On The Weak Calf Syndrome, William G. Kvasnicka

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The "Weak Calf Syndrome" has been gaining wide recognition throughout the north~est and Rocky Mountain regions. The specific syndrome was first noted as possibly being caused 'by a new entity by Dr. Jack Ward in the Bitterroot Valley of Montana after Dr. Ward was unable to relate the observations of necropsied specimens with that of any known published reports. The actual origin of the disease responsible for the specific syndrome noted in the area is not known and may have had its origin elsewhere. However, interest in the problem is increasing in view of the apparent recognition of the disease …

Block And Bridle Annual, 1982

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Staff Comments
Emblem and Purpose
Animal Science Dept. Chairman Address
Block and Bridle President’s Address
Block & Bridle Advisors
Animal Science Faculty
Animal Science Graduate Students
Animal Science Secretaries
Liaison Committee
Block & Bridle Members
Block & Bridle Initiates
Block & Bridle Officers
Block & Bridle Executive Committee
Block & Bridle Seniors
Activities and Committee Chairmen
Meetings
New Activities
Summer and Regional Meetings
National Meetings
Honor’s Banquet
Junior Scholarship Award
Outstanding Senior Award
Portrait Presentation Honoree
Visit with Honoree
State Fair Awards
Livestock Judging Contest
Quadrathalon
Spring Tour
Quarter Horse Show
Beef Show
Senior Livestock Judging Team …

1982 Beef Cattle Report, Daniel B. Faulkner, John K. Ward, Terry J. Klopfenstein, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, V. J. Gibney, J. B. Campbell, D. C. Clanton, D. J. Boxler, M. K. Petersen, Robert A. (Bud) Britton, J. K. Ward, G. Llamas, G. H. Deutscher, B. L. Peverley, J. E. Kinder, M. L. Day, K. Imakawa, R. J. Kittok, W. A. Zollinger, M. K. Nielsen, R. M. Koch, D. S. Buchanan, J. T. Nichols, A. M. Gray, Darrel Myran, Keith Dehaan, Rick Stock, Steve Abrams, Dennis Brink, Felipe Cook, John K. Merrill, Mike L. Mcdonnell, Mark Nelson, Ivan Rush, Ray Carr, Warren Sahs, Abe Turgeon Jr., Dave Harmon, Bob Steele, Paul Q. Guyer, Stanley D. Farlin, Gregory Schindler, Stephen Lowry, Roy G. Arnold, Leo E. Lucas

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Maximizing Forage in Beef Growing-Finishing Rations

Computer Simulation of Plant and Animal Growth

Effects of Cattle Lice on Gains of Cattle Fed Varied Nutrition Levels

Bypass Protein from Blood Meal in Range Supplements

Ammonia Treatment of Wheat Straw

Estrous Synchronization Programs Utilizing Utalyse

Endocrine Regulation of Puberty in the Beef Heifer

Dietary Energy Intake Influence-Reproductive Hormone Secretion in Beef Heifers I

Dietary Energy Intake Influence-Reproductive Hormone Secretion in Beef Heifers II

Genetic Trend in Weaning Weight

Genetic Gain Bias in Weaning Weight Estimated Breeding Values

Selection Applied in Three Lines of Hereford Cattle

Response (Estimated and Predicted) to Selection in …

Breed Comparisons For Age And Weight At Puberty In Gilts, L. K. Hutchens, R. L. Hintz, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data on 213 purebred and 524 crossbred gilts produced in a four-breed diallel crossing design involving the Duroc (D), Yorkshire (Y), Landrace (L) and Spotted (S)breeds were analyzed for age and weight at puberty. The breed of sire x breed of dam interaction was significant for both age and weight at puberty. However, differences among reciprocals were not significant, and thus, reciprocal means were combined. Crossbreds were younger (7.9 d) and heavier (1.2 kg) at puberty than purebreds. Significant heterosis for age at puberty was found for D X L (-14.3 d),S x D (-12.8 d) and S x L …

Effect Of Source Of Pig, Housing System, And Receiving Diet On Performance Of Purchased Feeder Pigs, M. C. Brumm, E. R. Peo, Jr., S. R. Lowry, A. Hogg

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of source of pig, housing system and receiving diet on performance of purchased feeder pigs. Pigs purchased from distant auction markets (DM) gained slower for the first 13 d post-arrival (P<.01, trials 1 and 2) than pigs of similar size purchased from local, one-owner sources (LS).

The Grazing Value Of Saltbushes, A J. Clarke

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Many Western Australian/armers have obtained useful grazing from their salt/and in the past, both from natural stands of salt tolerant plants and from areas planted to a variety of introduced salt tolerant plants. The benefits provided by such grazing have been hard to assess because no quantitative figures were available. However, grazing trials now in progress are showing that salt tolerant shrubs can carry similar stocking rates to clover-based pastures in the same districts. About 500,000 hectares of Western Australian wheatbelt land has always been saline, and has supported various useful native salt-tolerant plants. Other land that has become saline …

Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On The Interval From Weaning To First Estrus In Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A total of 191 crossbred sows were used to determine the effect of energy intake during one lactation on (1) sow and pig performance and (2) the percentage of sows in estrus by 7, 14, 21 and 70 d post-weaning. Sows received 8 (Lo) or 16 (Hi) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)/d (Exp. 1 and 2) and 8 (Lo), 12 (Md) or 16 (Hi) Meal of ME/d (Exp. 3) during a 28-d lactation period. All sows were fed an equal amount of crude protein, vitamins and minerals that met or exceeded the recommendations of the National Research Council.

Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On Subsequent Gestation, Lactation And Postweaning Performance Of Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Forty-four second parity crossbred sows were used to determine (1) the effect of energy intake during their first lactation (Lac 1) on subsequent reproductive performance from re-breeding to farrowing and (2) the effect of energy intake during two successive lactations on performance during the second lactation (Lac 2) and post-weaning periods. Sows received 8 (Lo) or 16 (Hi) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)/d during Lac 1 and 5.4 Mcal of ME/d during the subsequent gestation.

Selection For Lean Growth In Swine, Erik R. Cleveland, P. J. Cunningham, E. R. Peo, Jr.

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Growth rate (ADG) and back fat (BF) data were collected during five generations of selection in two lines of Gene Pool pigs (14-breed synthetic): select (S) and control (C). C were randomly selected, while mass selection was practiced in the S line with an index (I), I = 100 + 286.6 (ADG) - 39.4 (BF). S and C pigs were fed a 14% protein, corn-soybean meal diet from 42 d of age until they reached 79.4 kg.

Effect Of Tallow And Choline Chloride Addition To The Diet Of Sows On Milk Composition, Milk Yield And Preweaning Pig Performance, R. D. Boyd, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo Jr., A. R. Lewis, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Four trials were conducted with a total of 188 crossbred sows to determine the effect of feeding diets supplemented with tallow (0 or 8%) and choline chloride (220 or 770 mg/kg diet) prior to parturition and during lactation on preweaning pig performance. On d 100 of gestation, sows were allotted to four factorially arranged dietary treatments: 0% tallow-220 mg/kg choline chloride, 0% tallow-770 mg/kg choline chloride, 8% tallow-220 mg/kg choline chloride, 8% tallow-770 mg/kg choline chloride. Diets without tallow were fed at the rate of 1.82 kg/d with an additional .18 kg/d of cornstarch, whereas sows receiving diets supplemented with …

Polyculture Of Giant Malaysian Prawns (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) And Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas), Tommie Crawford, Mike Freeze

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Whey-Caseinate Blends And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Manufacture, Catherine A. Whalen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Yogurt is a highly nutritious cultured dairy product which has been consumed for centuries, particularly in Eastern Europe. Although per capita consumption in the United. States is still far below that of most European countries; yogurt sales in the U.S.A. have increased phenomenally during the past three decades. Yogurt sales in the U.S.A. totaled 7.7 million kg in 1955; 31.8 million kg in 1966; and approximately 227 million kg by 1976 (41). Per capita sales increased 211% from 1970 to 1980 (45). Yogurt is generally manufactured from milk or lowfat milk which has been fortified with extra milk solids. Nonfat …

Feeding Value Of High Starch And High Fat Rations For Dairy Calves, G. Duff Stewart

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sixty-four Holstein calves were used in a 3 x 2 factorial experiment of 12 wk to evaluate growth performance when fed control, high starch, and high fat pelleted diets separately or with a supplemental concentrate mix offered the first 6 wk. High starch and high fat diets were formulated to .contain more digestible energy than the control diet. Calves received milk the first 5 wk, plus one of the above rations ad libitum wk 1 thru 12. The control diet contained corn, oats, and soybean meal; the high starch diet contained corn and soybean meal; while the high fat diet …

Use Of Dry Whey And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Bases, Nagendra P. Shah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Yogurt is one of the oldest and most traditional fermented dairy products. Since early times it has been an important food item of the people in the Middle East. Except for its refreshing taste and wholesomeness as a food, no special virtues were claimed for it until early in the 20th century when the bacteriologist, Elie Metchnikoff, who shared a Nobel Prize in 1908, concluded from his studies on the effect of lactic acid bacteria of the digestive tract, that yogurt arrests putrefaction in the intestinal tract and thus might be beneficial to health (55). Attempts to popularize yogurt in …

Browse Use By Eastern Cottontails In A S.E. Minnesota Farmstead Shelterbelt, Robert K. Swihart, Richard H. Yahner

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Use of woody vegetation as winter food by eastern cottontails (Sylvilagus floridanus) was investigated in a southeastern Minnesota farmstead shelterbelt. Cottontails browsed on 11 species but exhibited a clear preference only for gooseberry (Ribes spp). When snow covered herbaceous vegetation during late winter, cottontails relied more heavily on high fiber, lower protein woody browse. Shelterbelt management that allows invasion of gooseberry and blackcap raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) provides winter food for cottontails and may reduce damage to planted trees.

Spatial Learning As An Adaptation In Hummingbirds, Susan Cole, F. Reed Hainsworth, Alan Kamil, Terre Mercier, Larry L. Wolf

Avian Cognition Papers

An ecological approach based on food distribution suggests that hummingbirds should more easily learn to visit a flower in a new location than to learn to return to a flower in a position just visited, for a food reward. Experimental results support this hypothesis as well as the general view that differences in learning within and among species represent adaptations.

Animal Science Newsletter, Fall 1981

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Animal Science Complex Completion Gains Support

New Faculty in Animal Science

Coming Events

Department Hosts Midwestern Animal Science Society Meetings

Students Visit European Livestock Establishments

Merlyn Carlson Selected as Hall of Fame Honoree

Animal Science Faculty Receive National Recognition

New Facility For Range Beef Research

Animal Science Students Receive Special Recognitions

Winkler Scholarship Established

Block and Bridle Club Officers for Fall Semester

Beef Cattle Teaching Herds on the Move

Emeriti Faculty Continue Interest in Department

Hsus Uncovers Cruel Puppy Mills

Close Up Reports

Investigator exposes hidden misery on mass breeding farms

Connquest, Sandra Cookson, D.W. Allinson, G.S. Speer, R.W. Taylor, R.P. Prince, J.W. Bartok, D.W. Protheroe, D.R. Miller

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Deer Social Organization And Wolf Predation In Northeastern Minnesota, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus has been subject to intensive research and management, yet we are just beginning to understand its social organization. Little is known about home range formation, migration, social bonds, and traditions in this deer, what functions they serve, and what selective forces have affected them.

Predation by wolves Canis lupus, in particular, has not been examined as a factor in deer evolution, yet the intimate interactions between deer and wolf through the millennia no doubt strongly influenced major morphological and behavioral adaptations in both species. It is a reasonable assumption that wolf predation has been …

Toward The Marketing Of Seafood Harvested In New England, Daniel R. Kilty Ph.D

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In this study the author will concentrate on the marketing activitiesof the U.S. commercial fishing industry. The study will use examples from New England to illustrate various points covered in the study. Particular reference will be made to the geographic area of Southern New England and move specifically to Point Judith, Rhode Island and New Bedford, Massachusetts. The study is divided into two parts. Part I reviews the situation in the industry prior to 1976, the Fishery Conservation Management Act, theU.S./Canadian East Coast Fisheries Agreement and the American Fisheries Promotion Act. Part II applies the marketing mix to the industry …

Effect Of Maternal Dietary Energy Source On Glucose Homeostasis, Liver Glycogen And Carcass Lipid In The Neonatal Pig, R. D. Boyd, B. D. Moser, A. J. Lewis, E. R. Peo Jr., R. K. Johnson, R. D. Nimmo

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of supplementary dietary energy (carbohydrate versus fat) fed to sows during late gestation on energy storage and glucose homeostasis in neonatal pigs. In the first experiment, 28 crossbred sows received one of two dietary treatments that were initiated on day 100 of gestation. The control group was fed daily 1.82 kg of a corn-soybean meal-based diet plus an additional .18 kg of cornstarch. Their counterparts were fed 1.82 kg of a cornsoybean meal diet containing 8% bleachable fancy tallow. The effect of maternal dietary energy source during late gestation on glucose homeostasis …

Models For Estimating Energy And Protein Utilization For Feeds, Muhammad Fadel Wardeh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Data on the proximate nutrient content of feedstuffs, digestibility and energy utilization available from the International Feedstuffs Institute (Utah State University) were used to develop mathematical models for estimating energy and protein utilization of five classes of feedstuffs for various kinds of animals.

Classes of feedstuffs were subdivided into more related subclasses. Furthermore, data from all feeds were pooled together then subgrouped into more related subgroups in an attempt to gain high precision in prediction of digestible proximate nutrients and TDN from a single chemical entity by the use of simple regression models (Y = bo + b₁x …

Seasonal Temperature Preference Of Adult Mountain Whitefish, Prosopium Williamsoni, Jean M. Ihnat

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Temperatures selected seasonally by adult mountain whitefish were measured in the laboratory in a horizontal gradient. Final preferendum estimates, based on acute (3-hour) preference tests conducted with fish acclimated to 5, 10, and 15 C each season, were 17.7 C (pre-spawning), 11.9 C (post-spawning), 9.9 C (winter), and 16.3 C (spring). Seasonal influence on temperature selection was evident on the basis of differences in final preferenda, covariance analysis of responses of laboratory-acclimated fish, and temperature selection by fish held at ambient river temperatures. Post-spawning and winter groups selected lower temperatures than did pre-spawning and spring groups. Pre-spawning fish selected temperatures …

Some Morphological And Chemical Responses Of Blackbrush (Coleogyne Ramosissima) To Goat Browsing: Influences On Dietary Blackbrush Selection By Goats And Cattle, Frederick D. Provenza

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Domestic goats were used to modify the growth form of blackbrush, a spinescent shrub occurring in nearly monospecific stands on several million hectares of rangeland in the southwestern United States. The objective of this research was to evaluate goat browsing as a means of improving these rangelands for cattle. Winter goat browsing stimulated spring twig growth from basal and axillary buds which resulted in increased production.

Twig production by heavily browsed plants (>95 percent removal of current season's twigs) was a function of precipitation, soil depth, branch location on the plant, and period of rest after browsing. As precipitation …

Effect Of Rain Leaching On Chemical Composition Of Alfalfa Hay, Mercedes M. Garcia De Hernandez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Yield and chemical changes of second-cutting alfalfa hay treated with artificial rain were determined in a 2 x 3 x 2 factorial experiment. Factors were 2 stages of maturity (1 = late vegetative; 2 = early bloom), 3 levels of artificial rain applied (1 = no rain; 2 =low or approximately 5 mm; 3 = high or approximately 20 mm), and 2 times of applying artificial rain (1 = when drying forage was 40-60% dry matter; 2 = when drying forage was 60-75% dry matter). Thirty samples of alfalfa were collected at the 2 stages of maturity when the alfalfa …

The Rhode Island Quahogger: Candidate For The List Of Endangered Species?, James M. Korney

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

It is the hypothesis of this paper that today the livelihood of the independent Narragansett Bay quahogger is faced with two potentially dangerous threats; water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and the prospect of an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay. Unless the state of Rhode Island properly interprets and enforces existing state legislation to protect the quahoggers interests, his very livelihood will be jeoprodized. This paper will examine the legal, political, economic, and environmental affects of water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay in their relation to the Rhode Island …