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Estimation Of Pork Trim Composition By Electromagnetic Scanning, N. L. Meseck, B. L. Gwartney, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Swine Reports

The value of pork trim depends on its lean content. Accurate assessment of composition is necessary for proper pricing. Procedures often used to estimate composition lack accuracy and require time, thus a rapid, accurate, non-invasive technology to determine lean content of pork trim is needed.

Electromagnetic scanning, also known as ToBEC (total body electrical conductivity), has been studied for prediction of lean in hams (see 1994 Swine Report, p. 8). The equipment consists of a stainless steel cabinet containing a large, plastic-covered coil, through which meat is conveyed. Energy is absorbed from the electromagnetic field by the sample. Because lean …

Availability And Use Of Food Resources By Two Species Of Automolus (Aves, Furnariidae), Grace Patricia Servat-Valenzuela

Theses

Foraging specialization is one mechanism that has been hypothesized to promote species coexistence and, thus, higher bird species diversity in tropical forests. Dead-leaves suspended in vegetation above the forest floor constitute a focal substrate that may promote specialization (Rosenberg 1990a, b). In a study locality in Amazonia, Remsen and Parker (1984) reported 16 species of birds closely associated with this system. Therefore, it represents a microcosm of high diversity in tropical forests. As such, one natural question is how this substrate can support so many coexisting species, and at what level does specialization occur? In the present study, I address …

Process To Remove Cholesterol From Dairy Products, Thomas Richardson, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

The present invention relates to a process for the removal of cholesterol from a processed or unprocessed dairy product, which process comprises: (a) obtaining a processed or unprocessed dairy product containing cholesterol (b) contacting the dairy product at a temperature of between about 35° and 80° C. with an amount of saponin effective to bind up to about 90% of the cholesterol present in the dairy product; (c) contacting a temperature of between about 35° and 80° C the cholesterol: saponin with an effective amount of diatomaceous earth; (d) separating the insoluble cholesterol: saponin/diatomaceous earth by filtration or centrifugation; and …

How Amaranth Grain Affects Total Body Weight And Major Organ Weight In The Mongolian Gerbil, Rhoshonda Montgomery- Conway

McCabe Thesis Collection

Purpose and Objectives

The purpose of this research is to determine effects of amaranth grain of the body weight and organ weight of the Mongolian gerbil. The literature research indicates that amaranth results in physiological changes that appear to be species-specific rather than general. Since the gerbil is a granivorous animal, it is hypothesized that amaranth will be completely digested and that its nutritional quality will maintain normal to increased growth. While the results of this study cannot be applied to other animals, information has been gained with regard to the influence of amaranth grain on the Mongolian gerbil.

Transcervical Versus Laparoscopic Insemination In Nulliparous And Multiparous Ewes After Estradiol Cypionate Treatment, Tami L. Gage

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The only practical method for artificially breeding ewes with frozen semen is laparoscopic insemination into the lumen of the uterine horn. Like all surgical procedures, however, laparoscopic artificial inseminatiom has limitations. The procedure requires surgical skill and costly equipment. Repeated passage of the laparoscope through the abdominal wall causes adhesions. Depositing frozen/thawed semen at the os cervix results in low conception rates. The inability to pass an insemination pipette through the cervix has prevented artificial insemination in sheep from becoming a standard breeding method as in the cattle industry. This study compared laparoscopic and transcervical methods of insemination in nulliparous …

Ovarian Follicular Development In Prepubertal Heifers Is Influenced By Level Of Dietary Energy Intake, E. G. M. Bergfeld, F. N. Kojima, Andrea S. Cupp, M. E. Wehrman, K. E. Peters, M. Garcia-Winder, J. E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Objectives were twofold: 1 ) to determine the chronology of development of dominant ovarian follicles during the peripubertal period in heifers and 2) to determine whether feeding a diet with low energy content that delays onset of puberty alters chronology of dominant ovarian follicular development in peripubertal heifers. Ten heifers of composite breeding ( 1/4 Angus, 1/4 Hereford, 1/4 Red Poll, 1/4 Pinzgauer) were randomly assigned, at 8 mo of age, to receive a diet designed to produce 0.9 (n = 5) or 0.3 (n = 5) kg body weight gain per day for the duration of the experiment. To …

Use Of Ultrasound In Reproductive Management Of Beef Cow Herds, Douglas D. Zalesky

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

The use of ultrasound technology in reproductive management of beef cow herds is currently being evaluated in ongoing projects with cooperator herds in South Dakota. The projects include the use of ultrasound for the purposes of evaluating 1) cycling activity of heifers on estrous synchronization programs immediately prior to breeding and 2) early pregnancy detection and aging of fetuses in heifers and mature cows. Information obtained from these images will be used by producers to make management decisions associated with the breeding season, selection of heifers, and nutrition. Ovaries are evaluated for the presence of follicles and a corpus luteum, …

Effect Of Weaning Date On Performance Of Beef Cows, R. J. Pruitt, P. A. Momont

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

Records from 92 mature crossbred cows calving in March and April were used to determine the effect of weaning calves 40 days earlier than the traditional weaning time on cow weight change, body condition, and reproductive performance. When calves were weaned early (September 14 versus October 231, their dams gained more weight from September 14 to early December and had higher body condition scores in December than the dams of later weaned calves. The two nutritional treaments imposed after calving were important in explaining the effects of earlier weaning on cow reproductive performance. For cows that were fed grass hay …

1994 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

This is the 1994 South Dakota Beef Report. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 1994. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition , breeding and genetics, management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.

1994 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Out-Of-Season Births Of Elk Calves In Wyoming, Bruce L. Smith

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

ive out-of-season births of Rocky Mountain elk were documented over a 24-month period at the National Elk Refuge, Wyoming. One of four November neonates was radio-instrumented and subsequently died seven days later due to hypothermia. An April-born calf was killed by a coyote. Supplemental winter feeding of elk at the Refuge may increase the frequency of asynchronous reproduction.

Quality Wool Production At Lower Cost, Peter Metcalfe

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Low wool prices are forcing farmers to reduce their sheep management costs but, fortunately, cost cutting is not resulting in lower wool production, poorer wool quality or lessened sheep care on the best wool growing properties.

Dairy Digest 1993-1994, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Food Aversion Conditioned In Anesthetized Sheep, Frederick D. Provenza, Justin J. Lynch, John V. Nolan

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

We discovered that a food aversion could be conditioned in anesthetized sheep. Sheep were allowed to eat a familiar food (alfalfa-grain pellets) for 30 min, and 90 min later they were given either an intraruminal (IR) injection of water (C), an IR injection of LiCl (L), anesthesia followed by an IR injection of water (A), or anesthesia followed by an IR injection of LiCl (A+L). Induction of anesthesia was by an intraveneous injection of pentobarbitone sodium, and maintenance of deep anesthesia was by halothane. Sheep were maintained in deep anesthesia for 2 h to ensure that the effects of LiCl …

Block And Bridle Annual, 1994

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

HISTORIAN'S LETTER
EMBLEM AND PURPOSE
DR. ABERLE'S LETTER
lNlTlATES
MEMBERS
CANDIDS
OFFICERS
OTHER IMPORTANT PEOPLE
HONOREE OF THE YEAR, 1993
KIDS', DAY
ANIMAL SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIP RECIPIENTS
FUN ACTIVITIES
IMPORTANT MEETINGS
ANIMAL SCIENCE FACULTY
ANIMAL SCIENCE GRADUATE STUDENTS
BEEF SHOW
BRANDS
QUARTER HORSE SHOW
STATE AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION CONTEST
LITTLE MAEC
LITTLE AK-SAR-BEN
MEATS JUDGING TEAM
MAEC TEAM
HORSE JUDGING TEAM
SENIOR LIVESTOCK JUDGING TEAM
JUNIOR LIVESTOCK JUDGING TEAM
ANNUAL SPONSORSHIP SELLERS

Tough Times Call For A Review Of Farm Business Performance, Martin Van Bueren, John Young

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Most Australian farm businesses specialising in wool production are operating at a loss at current wool prices. After both short term operating and long term costs of capital depreciation are accounted for, only a small number of wool growers are able to make a profit with the wool market indicator below 500c/kg.

Poor prices have stimulated wool growers to review their operations and look to ways of improving cash flow in the short term, such as diversifying into cropping. The downturn should also prompt growers to address the longer term trends of declining terms of trade and historically poor productivity …

Animal Science Alumni Newsletter, Winter 1994

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From the Department Head’s Desk
Animal Science Alumni Open House April 23, 1994
Undergraduate Program
Animal Science Department Hosts Reciprocal Meats Conference
Graduate Program
Food Safety and Quality
Retirement
Death
Block and Bridle Club
Recent Department Awards and Recognitions
Faculty Activities
Gamma Sigma Delta Celebrates Diamond Jubilee
Course and Curriculum Review
Judging Team Activities
Alumni News

Effect Of Fat Source In Receiving Diets And Reduced Nocturnal Temperatures On Commingled Feeder Pig Performance, Michael C. Brumm, Ernest R. Peo, Jr.

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments using 864 crossbred feeder pigs were conducted to determine the effects of fat sources and a feed flavor in 3-wk receiving diets and a reduced nocturnal temperature regimen on commingled feeder pig performance. In Exp. 1, there was no response to a feed flavor on overall ADG or ADFI. Commingled pigs offered receiving diets containing 5% blended vegetable oil (5B) or 5% tallow (5T) did not differ in overall ADG (.61, .63 vs .61 kg/d) and gain:feed (.315, .307, .310) compared with pigs offered corn-soy diets.

Awassi Fat Tails : A Chance For Premium Exports, Fiona Sunderman, Michael Johns

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Most prople have heard of the Awassi, even if they have never seen one. This unique breed of fat tail sheep, imported into Astralia in 1987, was released from quarantine for commercial development nearly 12 months ago. Its supporters believe Awassis could form the basis of a high-value export industry while replacing imports. Developments over the next few years will test its potential and should result in the Awassi playing an important role in an increasingly diversified Australian farming scene.

A Trophic Gradient Analysis Of Lake Powell: The 1994 Utah State University Aquatic Ecology Laboratory Analyses, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Megan Barker, Ron Brunson, David Fogle, Scott Hawxhurst, Chad Mellison, Lis Phillips, Felipe Queiroz, Daniel Zamecnik

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

From 9-11 April, 1994, the Aquatic Ecology Laboratory Class (FW462) of Utah State University sampled the upper reaches of Lake Powell to assess if a trophic gradient existed. We °ampled physical and chemical parameters (temperature, oxygen, conductivity, and total phosphorus), phytoplankton chlorophyll a, littoral and pelagic zooplankton biomass and composition, littoral and profundal benthic invertebrates, and fish abundance measured in the littoral zone (gill nets) and the pelagic zone (hydroacoustics). Data was collected along the upper 50 miles of the reservoir between Bullfrog and the Hite marina near the Colorado River inflow.

Our field trip was done just prior to …

Characteristics Of Milk And Reduced Fat Cheddar Cheese From Cows Fed Extruded Soybeans And Niacin, Matthew Ryan Lentsch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Today's consumers are demanding food products that are "low-fat", "reduced fat", "high in -unsaturated fatty acids", and "low cholesterol". This trend in food product selection is at the advice of many health professionals. Current health recommendations are to lower the dietary intake of fat, especially saturated fat. In 1992, total dairy sales accounted for over 10% of total food sales (Milk Industry Foundation, 1993). Since dairy products are perceived as being hypercholesterolemic, a market exists for dairy products which are "lower in fat" and/or "lower in saturated fat". It is said that "consumer perception is marketing reality", and because of …

Goats - Nutrition And Feeding, Andrew C. Dunlop

Bulletins 4000 -

The nutritional needs of goats are similar to those of sheep. They both require energy, protein, vitamins, minerals and water to survive and be productive. For optimum performance these nutrients should be supplied constantly and in relatively fixed proportions. An excess of protein, vitamins or minerals will not make up for a shortfall in energy, nor will a shortfall in protein, vitamins or minerals be made up by an excess of energy. Goats' nutrient requirements depend on their size, whether the goat is pregnant, lactating, growing or just maintaining body functions.

Aspects Of Nesting Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin) In Rhode Island, Caitlin C. Goodwin

Open Access Master's Theses

I studied the only known nesting population of diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) in Rhode Island at Nockum Hill Wildlife Sanctuary, Barrington, Bristol County and characterized aspects of the nesting behavior and ecology of this population, described nest site habitat characteristics and factors affecting nest success, and compared my findings to other described Malaclemys populations. A total of 241 nests was found at Nockum Hill in 1993. Terrapins tended to nest in the morning and near the time of high tide. Mammalian predators, primarily raccoons, destroyed 75 of 86 monitored nests. Fifty-five percent of the surviving clutches were oviposited …

Detection Of Trypanosome Infections In The Saliva Of Tsetse Flies And Buffy-Coat Samples From Antigenaemic But Aparasitaemic Cattle, P. A.O. Majiwa, R. Thatthi, S. K. Moloo, J. H.P. Nyeko

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Relatively simple protocols employing non-radioactive DNA probes have been used for the detection of African trypano-somes in the blood of mammalian hosts and the saliva of live tsetse flies. In combination with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the protocols revealed trypanosomes in buffy-coat samples from antigenaemic but aparasitaemic cattle and in the saliva of live, infected tsetse flies. Furthermore, the protocols were used to demonstrate concurrent natural infections of single tsetse flies with different species of African trypanosomes. © 1994, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

1994 Beef Cattle Report, Darrell W. Nelson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two grazing trials were conducted to determine i/protein or energy was first limiting in the spring-and fall-born nursing calf grazing native sandhills range. Spring-born calves supplemented with escape protein gained more rapidly than calves supplemented with energy or nonsupplemented controls. Fall-born calves supplemented with escape protein gained more rapidly than those supplemented with rumen degradable protein or energy and nonsupplemented controls early in the trial, but gained at a similar rate to the energy controls by the end of the trial. Milk intake was similar across treatments for both trials. Escape protein is more limiting in the young nursing calf …

Bulletin 4270 - Meat Quality In Beef Cattle, Brian Mcintyre

Bulletins 4000 -

Meat quality is the sole concern of the consumer once the product reaches the supermarket shelf. Breeding, feeding or any other factors that may have been important to the beef producer have no influence over the buyer's choice. Meat quality can be divided into two components — appearance and eating quality.

A Simple Basic Explanation Of Cow Nutrition, Ivan G. Rush

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Cattle producers in many ways have expertise in nutrition. Each day when cattle are fed or when grazing, they are taking in nutrients (protein, energy, minerals, etc.) that are vital for their life and production. Cattlemen are responsible for providing the feeds that supply the nutrients for the beef animal. If provided in the proper balance and portions at an economical level then the desired results should be obtained. If shortages occur with any required nutrient or if the nutrients are fed in excess or the sources are extremely costly then economic losses will be experienced. Because the largest cost …

Setting Direction And Effective Management Style, Burke Teichert

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Management style is a major determinant of effectiveness. Setting direction in turn is an integral part of an effective management style. At Rex Ranch our mission or long term direction is to "maximize long term profit while improving the land, animal and human resources." The redundancy in the mission statement is recognized and intended. If we fail to improve the land, animal and human resources, we will not be competitive or profitable in the long run. So, that part of the statement is to keep us based on correct principles.

A ranch is really a production and marketing system made …

Composite Breeds - What Does The Research Tell Us?, Keith Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Heterosis achieved through continuous crossbreeding can be used to increase weight of calf weaned per cow exposed to breeding by 20%. Comprehensive programs of breed characterization have revealed large differences among breeds for most bioeconomic traits. About 55% of the U.S. beef breeding population involving 93% of the farmers and ranchers who produce beef cattle are in production units of 100 or fewer cows. Optimum crossbreeding systems are not easy to adapt in herds that use fewer than four bulls. Further, fluctuation in breed composition between generations in rotational crossbreeding systems can result in considerable variation among both cows and …

Effects Of Supplementation On Intake And Utilization On Harvested Forages, David W. Sanson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

A frequent question asked by beef cattle producers is what supplement should be used. Prior to asking this question, it should be determined if a supplement is necessary. To answer this question, the nutrient requirements of the animal to meet the desired production level must be established. Next, it should be determined if current feed resources will meet these needs. It may be possible to shift grazing practices or to adjust feeding levels and meet the requirements. Once it is established that a supplement must be used, then the supplement that will improve the utilization of the base diet should …