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Cysteine From Feather Meal And Sulfur Amino Acid Requirements For Growing Steers, Mark Klemesrud, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 1997

Cysteine From Feather Meal And Sulfur Amino Acid Requirements For Growing Steers, Mark Klemesrud, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Ninety individually fed steers were used to determine how cysteine from feather meal could replace dietary methionine in meeting their requirements for sulfur amino acids. Treatment proteins included blood meal, blood meal plus incremental levels of feather meal or blood meal plus incremental levels of rumen-protected methionine. Addition of sulfur amino acids to blood meal from feather meal or rumen-protected methionine improved average daily gain (P < .05). Rumen-protected methionine elicited a greater gain response than feather meal (P < .05). Feather meal can provide some of the sulfur amino acids lacking in blood meal. However, additional methionine may further improve performance.

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Supplemental Protein On Performance Of Lactating Beef Heifers, Gene H. Deutscher, Don C. Adams, Duane Farthing, Jim Lamb, David Colburn, Merlyn K. Nielsen Jan 1997

Supplemental Protein On Performance Of Lactating Beef Heifers, Gene H. Deutscher, Don C. Adams, Duane Farthing, Jim Lamb, David Colburn, Merlyn K. Nielsen

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Feeding supplement with meadow hay increased weights and rebreeding performance of lactating 2-year-old heifers. Exposing non-cycling heifers to bulls two weeks before normal breeding and flushing on green grass stimulated cycling.

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Evaluating Breakeven For Various Management Systems For Different Breed Types From Weaning To Slaughter, Cynthia Hayden, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal, Brad Van Pelt Jan 1997

Evaluating Breakeven For Various Management Systems For Different Breed Types From Weaning To Slaughter, Cynthia Hayden, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Maximizing summer pasture gain after utilizing cornstalk grazing resulted in lower overall cost of production.

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Evaluation Of Feather Meal For Cows Grazing Cornstalks, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain Jan 1997

Evaluation Of Feather Meal For Cows Grazing Cornstalks, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Replacing soybean meal with Sunflower/feather meal is an effective alternative when supplementing cows and heifers grazing corn residue while saving about $50 per ton in ingredient cost.

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Comparative Grazing Of Corn And Soybean Residue, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain Jan 1997

Comparative Grazing Of Corn And Soybean Residue, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle gain faster on cornstalks than on a combination of soybean stubble and cornstalks.

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Biochemical Characterization Of A Peptidase Enzyme From The Ruminal Bacterium Prevotella Ruminicola, Humberto Madeira, Mark Morrison Jan 1997

Biochemical Characterization Of A Peptidase Enzyme From The Ruminal Bacterium Prevotella Ruminicola, Humberto Madeira, Mark Morrison

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The characterization by molecular biology techniques of a bacterial enzyme involved with ruminal protein digestion brings new insights and strategies which seek to optimize protein nutrition of beef cattle.

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Variability In Metabolic Rate, Feed Intake And Fatness Among Selection And Inbred Lines Of Mice, D. E. Moody, Daniel Pomp, Merlyn K. Nielsen Jan 1997

Variability In Metabolic Rate, Feed Intake And Fatness Among Selection And Inbred Lines Of Mice, D. E. Moody, Daniel Pomp, Merlyn K. Nielsen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Mouse populations differing in metabolic rate have been developed through selection for high (MH) and low (ML) heat loss (HLOSS), along with randomly selected controls (MC). Objectives of this study were to (a) compare MH, ML and MC lines for HLOSS and correlated traits of feed intake, body composition and organ weights; (b) compare three widely used inbred mouse lines with MH, ML and MC for the same traits ; and (c) investigate potential genotype by diet interaction resulting from feeding diets differing in fat percentage. Heat loss (kcal/day) of MH and ML mice differed by 37% of the mean …

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Divergent Selection For Heat Loss In Mice: I. Selection Applied And Direct Response Through Fifteen Generations, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. D. Jones, B. A. Freking, J. A. Deshazer Jan 1997

Divergent Selection For Heat Loss In Mice: I. Selection Applied And Direct Response Through Fifteen Generations, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. D. Jones, B. A. Freking, J. A. Deshazer

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Divergent selection for heat production/ loss (kcal•kg-.75•d-1) , measured in 9- to 11-wk-old male mice, was conducted for 15 generations. Heat loss was measured for 15 h on individual animals placed overnight in direct, gradient-layer calorimeters. Selection for high (MH) and low (ML) heat loss and unselected control (MC) occurred in each of three replicates for a total of nine unique lines. Repeatability of the heat loss measurement was .45 and the CV was 10.5%. Cumulative realized selection differentials, averaged for the three replicates, were 145.1 and -105.0 (kcal•kg-.75•d-1) and ranged from …

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Limiting Amino Acids In Meat And Bone And Poultry By-Product Meals, M. J. Klemesrud, Terry Klopfenstein, Austin Lewis, D. H. Shain, D. Herold Jan 1997

Limiting Amino Acids In Meat And Bone And Poultry By-Product Meals, M. J. Klemesrud, Terry Klopfenstein, Austin Lewis, D. H. Shain, D. Herold

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In situ, digestion, and growth studies were conducted to evaluate four meat and bone meals and six poultry by-product meals as sources of escape protein and to predict the first-limiting amino acid for growing calves. Escape protein values, determined by 12-h in situ incubation, ranged from 41.7 to 51.0% of CP for meat and bone meals; poultry by-product meals ranged from 32.0 to 39.8%. True protein digestion in the gastrointestinal tract of lambs differed among protein sources ( P < .05), ranging from 79 to 95%. In each of three growth trials, 60 steers (258 ± 24, 241 ± 23, and 230 ± 16 kg for Trials 1, 2, and 3, respectively) were supplemented with 4 of the 10 protein sources along with a urea supplement. Protein sources were fed at 30, 40, 50, and 60% of the supplemental CP, with urea supplying the remainder. Protein efficiency differed among treatments ( P < .10), ranging from .61 to 1.55. Amino acid composition was determined for each protein source, and the individual metabolizable amino acids were regressed on the protein efficiency values. Escape protein values were correlated (R2 = .75) with protein efficiency but had a negative slope. Metabolizable methionine was the only amino acid moderately correlated (R …

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Development Of Gilts And Boars For Efficient Reproduction, Donald G. Levis, Vernon D. Leibbrandt, Dale W. Rozeboom Jan 1997

Development Of Gilts And Boars For Efficient Reproduction, Donald G. Levis, Vernon D. Leibbrandt, Dale W. Rozeboom

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Successful introduction of replacement gilts and boars into the breeding herd is an important aspect of breeding herd efficiency. To attain herd efficiency, females must ovulate adequate numbers of viable ova, express estrus, show willingness to mate, and conceive in a regular manner. Males must produce adequate numbers of fertile spermatozoa, possess ability and show willingness to mate, and produce high-conception rates. If these qualities are properly developed, pregnancy rate and litter size will be maximized.

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Use Of The Relative Dose Response Assay To Determine The Vitamin A Status Of Neonatal Calves: Effects Of Season On Colostrum Quality And Immunological Parameters, Mary Jo Boner Jan 1997

Use Of The Relative Dose Response Assay To Determine The Vitamin A Status Of Neonatal Calves: Effects Of Season On Colostrum Quality And Immunological Parameters, Mary Jo Boner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Plasma vitamin A is not a reliable indicator of vitamin A status. Therefore, the feasibility of using the relative dose response (RDR) assay as a method for determining vitamin A status of calves was examined. In addition, effects of colostrum quality and season on vitamin A status and health of calves were determined. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein of 16 newborn calves to establish values over a 24 h period for immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration, hematocrit, serum protein concentration, and leukocyte differentials. Liver biopsies were performed at birth, and successfully completed for 11 calves. Blood samples were obtained …

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Whooping Crane Mortality At Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1982–95, Glenn H. Olsen, Joanna A. Taylor, George F. Gee Jan 1997

Whooping Crane Mortality At Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1982–95, Glenn H. Olsen, Joanna A. Taylor, George F. Gee

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Whooping cranes (Grus americana) have been reared at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center since 1966. During 1982-95 there were 103 mortalities caused by infectious and parasitic diseases (46%), trauma (21 %), anatomic abnormalities (17%), miscellaneous conditions (12 %) I and open or no diagnoses (5 %). The implications that disease may have on new whooping crane flocks in Florida and Canada are discussed, based on these mortality factors in captivity.

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Metal Consumption By Whooping Cranes And Possible Zinc Toxicosis, Marilyn G. Spalding, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk, Lee R. Mcdowell, Maria S. Sepulveda Jan 1997

Metal Consumption By Whooping Cranes And Possible Zinc Toxicosis, Marilyn G. Spalding, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk, Lee R. Mcdowell, Maria S. Sepulveda

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Fourteen captive-reared whooping cranes (Grus americana) were transferred to a pen for soft-release in Florida. Nine were killed by predators within 6 months. We found metal objects in the stomachs of 6 of these 9 either by radiography or at necropsy. All 6 had elevated serum zinc (Zn) concentrations (x = 10.3 ± 2.7 flg/ml, range 7.2-14 .ug/ml) when compared to 3 without metal in their stomachs (X = 2.4 ± 0.92 flg/ml, range 1.6-3.4 J1.g/ml). We observed lethargy, abnormal posture, anemia, and elevated white blood cell counts in 2 cranes at or near the time of elevated …

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Long Bone Fracture Management In A Sandhill Crane: A Case Report, Patrice N. Klein, Dorothy Thompson Jan 1997

Long Bone Fracture Management In A Sandhill Crane: A Case Report, Patrice N. Klein, Dorothy Thompson

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A 65-day-old, juvenile Mississippi sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pulla) sustained an oblique fracture of the right middiaphyseal femur. Internal fixation by use of an intramedullary pin and full cerclage wire was performed to stabilize the fracture site. Post-operative medical management of these fractures is often unsuccessful due to secondary complications associated with long-term restraint. This report describes the successful recovery of an endangered sandhill crane with a long bone fracture of the pelvic limb through a program of incremental physical therapy beginning 2 weeks post-femoral fracture repair. Sling support, assisted walking, and hydrotherapy were methods effective in preventing …

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Space Allocation Decisions For Barrows And Gilts, Mike Brumm, Jim Dahlquist Jan 1997

Space Allocation Decisions For Barrows And Gilts, Mike Brumm, Jim Dahlquist

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to determine if barrow and gilt performance could be modified by varying pen space allocation for each sex and whether performance of barrows given less space per pig could be enhanced with a more nutrient-dense diet. Barrows given 6 ft2 of pen space per pig consumed less feed and grew slower with no effect on lean gain compared to barrows provided 7 ft2 of pen space per pig. Increasing diet nutrient density by feeding the diet sequence recommended for gilts to barrows had no effect on performance for barrows at 6 ft2 per …

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Pork Quality Assurance...Dollars And Sense, Angela Baysinger Jan 1997

Pork Quality Assurance...Dollars And Sense, Angela Baysinger

Nebraska Swine Reports

Is there any reason a pork producer would not want to reduce production cost or improve management skills? With the pork industry becoming more consumer driven, should producers take an active role in producing a quality pork product? The Pork Quality Assurance (PQA) Program, developed by the National Pork Producers Council on behalf of the pork industry, is available to help pork producers answer these questions and ensure future success.

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The Effects Of Reducing Dietary Crude Protein Concentration On Odor In Swine Facilities, Claudia Obrock H. Jan 1997

The Effects Of Reducing Dietary Crude Protein Concentration On Odor In Swine Facilities, Claudia Obrock H.

Nebraska Swine Reports

The effect of dietary manipulation on odor emission in a research pig facility was evaluated with 26 finishing gilts (initial weight 161 lb). The two diets were formulated to contain 13% crude protein or 9% crude protein supplemented with crystalline amino acids. Two environmental chambers were used and each housed a group of four or five gilts for 21 days. Relative humidity, temperature and air exchange were maintained throughout the experiment. Samples of feces and air were taken on days 4, 7, 11, 14, 18 and 21 of the experiment. Aerial ammonia and hydrogen sulphide concentrations were measured using detector …

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Segregated Early Weaning Of Pigs: Dietary Challenges And Opportunities, Stacy Norin, Duane Reese, Austin Lewis Jan 1997

Segregated Early Weaning Of Pigs: Dietary Challenges And Opportunities, Stacy Norin, Duane Reese, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

Segregated early weaning (SEW) technology is being adopted by many producers in the pork industry. With the implementation of this technology come many challenges and opportunities to exploit the lean-growth potential and health status of the SEW pig. This review provides insight into some of the reasons for these challenges and discusses some possible ways of utilizing the unique characteristics of the SEW pig to reduce production costs.

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Purple Sulfur Bacteria In Anaerobic Treatment Lagoons, Richard K. Koelsch, Tong Tong Chen, Dennis D. Schulte Jan 1997

Purple Sulfur Bacteria In Anaerobic Treatment Lagoons, Richard K. Koelsch, Tong Tong Chen, Dennis D. Schulte

Nebraska Swine Reports

Purple or pink colored lagoons, indicating the presence of purple sulfur bacteria, are less likely to be considered an odor nuisance than a more typical non-purple lagoon. The design and management factors that encourage the growth of purple sulfur bacteria are poorly understood. A study of eight purple and non-purple lagoons was initiated during the spring and summer of 1996. The intent of this effort was to identify critical factors that would allow purple lagoons to become a more predictable odor control alternative. A preliminary comparison of design and management factors assumed to be critical suggests more similarities between these …

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Growth Performance And Digestive And Metabolic Responses Of Finishing Gilts Penned Individually Or In Groups, Sergio Gómez-Rosales, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis Jan 1997

Growth Performance And Digestive And Metabolic Responses Of Finishing Gilts Penned Individually Or In Groups, Sergio Gómez-Rosales, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted using one or four finishing gilts/pen to identify factors related to the lower performance of pigs penned in groups. Feed intake, daily gain and final weight were greater in pigs penned individually. There was a trend for greater loin weight and primal cut percentage for pigs penned individually. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy and the plasma concentrations of urea, glucose and nonesterified fatty acids were similar for both individually and group-penned pigs. These results suggest the lower performance of group-penned pigs is related neither to changes in digestive processes nor plasma …

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Retention Of Selected Nutrients In Grilled Boneless Pork Chops, Judy A. Driskell, Fayrene Hamouz, Sharon Davis, David Giraud, Jidong Sun Jan 1997

Retention Of Selected Nutrients In Grilled Boneless Pork Chops, Judy A. Driskell, Fayrene Hamouz, Sharon Davis, David Giraud, Jidong Sun

Nebraska Swine Reports

Fresh pork Canadian Backs, cut into boneless pork chops, were cooked to 160°F internal temperature by grilling at one of the following temperatures: 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400°F. Significantly longer cooking times were observed for chops grilled at 200°F than for those grilled at the higher temperatures. The yields, as well as the moisture and crude fat content of the chops in the different treatments, were similar. Retention values for selenium were similar for all treatment groups. Chops grilled at 400°F had significantly lower retention values for vitamin E and thiamin and a tendency for lower retention values for …

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A Study Of Biochemical And Haematological Variables With Performance In Showjumping Horses, Darren B. Simmons Jan 1997

A Study Of Biochemical And Haematological Variables With Performance In Showjumping Horses, Darren B. Simmons

Theses : Honours

This honours project examined the biochemical and haematological changes induced by exercise in the showjumping horse to determine whether a relationship exists between these values and performance. To complete this study 7 geldings and 1 stallion who were considered competition fit by their trainers were subjected to 2 forms of exercise. The first phase of this study involved an incremental exercise test performed at the Byford City Council horse training facility. The horses were cantered/galloped around a 1300m all weather training track at velocities of 6, 8, 10, and 12 m/sec for a duration of 2 minutes for each workload. …

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Effects Of Supplementing High Levels Of Cu, Co, Mn, And Zn After Calving On Productivity Of Two-Year-Old Cows, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink, Mike Carlson, Dave Hickok, Norman Shcneider, Gene H. Deutscher, Dave Colburn Jan 1997

Effects Of Supplementing High Levels Of Cu, Co, Mn, And Zn After Calving On Productivity Of Two-Year-Old Cows, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink, Mike Carlson, Dave Hickok, Norman Shcneider, Gene H. Deutscher, Dave Colburn

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

When cow management, health and nutrition are adequate. supplementation of trace minerals at high levels is not beneficial and may in fact be detrimental to reproductive performance.

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Estimating In Situ Degradability Of Protein In Forages, Ryan Mass, Greg Lardy, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 1997

Estimating In Situ Degradability Of Protein In Forages, Ryan Mass, Greg Lardy, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

In situ neutral detergent fiber nitrogen is an effective method of estimating undergraded intake protein in forages. The information obtained allows for more accurate protein formulation of ruminant diets.

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1996 Beef Cattle Report Jan 1997

1996 Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Contents:

Cow-Calf: Range or Meadow Regrowth Grazing and Weaning Effects on Two Year-Old Cows • Grazing: An Alternative to Haying Subirrigated Meadows in the Nebraska Sandhills • Multi-elemental Analysis of Sandhills Meadow Hay • Use of a Metabolizable Protein System to Predict Deficienciesin Diets of Cattle Grazing Sandhills Native Range and Subirrigated Meadow • Rumen Degradable Protein Requirements of Gestating Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Native Sandhills Range • Multi-elemental Analysis of Liver Biopsies and Serum to Determine Trace Element Status of Cows • Multi-elemental Analysis of Bovine Liver Biopsy and Whole Liver • The Incidence of Precocious Puberty in Developing …

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1997 Beef Cattle Report Jan 1997

1997 Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Table of Contents

Cow-Calf: Seasonal Changes in Protein Degradabilities of Sandhills Native Range and Subirrigated Meadow Diets and Application of a Metabolizable Protein System • First Limiting Nutrient of Native Range for Summer Calving Cows During the Breeding Season and Late Lactation • Rumen Degradable Protein Requirement of Gestating Summer Calving Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Native Sandhills Range • Supplemental Protein on Performance of Lactating Beef Heifers • Evaluation of Feather Meal for Cows Grazing Cornstalks • Effects of Supplementing High Levels of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn after Calving on Productivity of Two-Year-Old Cows • Effects of Copper and …

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Effects Of Sire Epd, Dam Traits And Calf Traits On Calving Difficulty And Subsequent Reproduction Of Two-Year-Old Heifers, Dave Colburn, Gene H. Deutscher, Don C. Adams, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Pete Olson Jan 1997

Effects Of Sire Epd, Dam Traits And Calf Traits On Calving Difficulty And Subsequent Reproduction Of Two-Year-Old Heifers, Dave Colburn, Gene H. Deutscher, Don C. Adams, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Pete Olson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A three-year study evaluated effects of sire birth weight EPD, heifer and calf traits on valuing difficulty and subsequent rebreeding of two-year-old cows. MARC II yearling heifers (n=550) were assigned for breeding to one of four angus sires with birth weight EPD of -2.1, -1.8, +6.3 and +5.9 lb. Of all heifer weights, only dam birth weight affected calving difficulty score. Heifers requiring caesareans had smallest pelvic areas. Calving difficulty increased as calf birth weight and external measurements increased. Low EPD sires produced calves with smaller head and foot circumferences and less dystocia. Degree of calving difficulty did not affect …

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Effects Of Copper And Selenium Injections On Cow Productivity And Concentration Of Copper In Liver Biopsy Samples, Jerre Johnson, David Hickok, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink Jan 1997

Effects Of Copper And Selenium Injections On Cow Productivity And Concentration Of Copper In Liver Biopsy Samples, Jerre Johnson, David Hickok, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

In the conditions of the study when additional copper and selenium were provided, cow reproduction and calf performance were not improved.

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Seasonal Changes In Protein Degradabilities Of Sandhills Native Range And Subirrigated Meadow Diets And Application Of A Metabolizable Protein System, Greg Lardy, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dick Clark, Jim Lamb Jan 1997

Seasonal Changes In Protein Degradabilities Of Sandhills Native Range And Subirrigated Meadow Diets And Application Of A Metabolizable Protein System, Greg Lardy, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dick Clark, Jim Lamb

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Meadow and range diets increased in digestibility, crude protein. and escape protein during periods of active growth.

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Summer Home Range Size Of The Eastern Cascade Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia Rufa Rainieri) In Relation To Availability Of Preferred Food, Robert Julian Stagg Jan 1997

Summer Home Range Size Of The Eastern Cascade Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia Rufa Rainieri) In Relation To Availability Of Preferred Food, Robert Julian Stagg

All Master's Theses

Optimal foraging theories relate food preference to nutrient content and nutrient availability to home range size. After synthesizing these theories, I hypothesized that the availability of preferred food plants influences the home range size of generalist herbivores. I also hypothesized that the availability of preferred foods does not affect weight gain of time-minimizing generalist herbivores, but should affect the weight gain of energy-maximizing generalist herbivores. To test these hypotheses, I studied the home ranges, weights, weight gains, food habits, and habitats of six adult female mountain beavers (Aplodontia rufa) from six separate sites where bracken fern was either …

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