Digital Commons Network^™

Stable Isotopic Niche Predicts Fitness Of Prey In A Wolf–Deer System, C. T. Darimont, P. C. Paquet, T. E. Reimchen

Evolutionary Biology Collection

Interindividual variation in niche presents a potentially central object on which natural selection can act. This may have important evolutionary implications because habitat use governs a suite of selective forces encountered by foragers. In a free‐living native black‐tailed deer, Odocoileus hemionus, population from coastal British Columbia, we used stable isotope analysis to identify individual variation in foraging niche and investigated its relationship to fitness. Using an intragenerational comparison of surviving and nonsurviving O. hemionus over 2 years of predation by wolves, Canis lupus, we detected resource‐specific fitness. Individuals with isotopic signatures that suggested they foraged primarily in cedar ( …

Flavor Partition And Fat Reduction In Cheese By Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Processing Variables, Jessica L. Yee, Hany Khalil, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Developing low-fat cheese with flavor to match that of full-fat cheese has been a challenge in the dairy industry. The objective of this investigation was to develop lower fat Cheddar and Parmesan grated cheese using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and characterize its flavor profile comparative to a full-fat product. Specifically, enabling flavor compound partition between the matrices of cheese and extracted lipids. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) was the supercritical fluid for fat extraction. Extraction took place in a 500 mL SFE vessel using 100 g of grated cheese. Fractional factorial design was utilized to investigate two levels of treatment …

Effects Of Increasing The Energy Density Of A Lactating Ewe Diet By Replacing Grass Hay With Soybean Hulls And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles, Aimee Wertz-Lutz, Robert Zelinsky, Jeffrey Held

South Dakota Sheep Research Reports, 2006-07

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of increasing the energy density of a lactating ewe diet by replacing grass hay (GH) with soybean hulls (SH) and replacing soybean meal (SBM) with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on ewe body condition, milk production and nutrient composition, and lamb performance. Sixteen 2-year-old ewes were selected based on a common lambing date. All diets contained 60% roughage and 40% concentrate. Dietary roughage source, however varied from completely GH to completely SH, and SBM was replaced by DDGS. Diets were formulated to contain 13.9% CP and an increasing amount …

Utah Prairie Dog Habitat Evaluation Guide, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Environmental Defense

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens) (UPD) is listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and exists only in southwestern Utah. UPD numbers and range have declined dramatically since settlement of Utah because of conversion of rangeland to cropland, urban development, fire suppression, improper grazing, drought, and introduced sylvatic plague (Yersina pestis). As of this writing, approximately 75% of all Utah prairie dogs inhabit private lands. This fact highlights the need to encourage farmers and ranchers to manage UPD habitat on their property in order to move the species closer to recovery. This guide provides technical …

Self-Medication And Homeostatic Behaviour In Herbivores: Learning About The Benefits Of Nature’S Pharmacy, Juan J. Villalba, Frederick D. Provenza

Behavioral Education for Human, Animal, Vegetation, and Ecosystem Management (BEHAVE)

Traditional production systems have viewed animals as homogeneous ‘machines’ whose nutritional and medicinal needs must be provided in a prescribed manner. This view arose from the lack of belief in the wisdom of the body to meet its physiological needs. Is it possible for herbivores to select diets that meet their needs for nutrients and to write their own prescriptions? Our research suggests it is. Herbivores adapt to the variability of the external environment and to their changing internal needs not only by generating homeostatic physiological responses, but also by operating in the external environment. Under this view, food selection …

Ua66/5/2 Newsletter, Wku Department Of Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter regarding programs, events, students and alumni of the WKU Agriculture department.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Euchoreutes Naso Sclater, 1890: Ein Säugetier-Endemit Zentralasiens, Annegret Stubbe, Michael Stubbe, Nyamsuren Batsaikhan, Ravčigijn Samjaa, Ellen Driechciarz, René Driechciarz, A. Schonert, M. Winter

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The first specimen of Euchoreutes naso was collected by N. M. PRZEWALSKI 1879 in Central Asia, in Dzungaria. SCLATER described the species in 1890. In Mongolia Euchoreutes was found in 1924. Fifty years later new records were published by SOKOLOV et al. (1978). A taxonomic revision was done by ŠENBROT et al. (1992, 1995). The species was related to the family Sminthidae (Rodentia/Mammalia). We found the most eastern locality in Mongolia at the longitude 106° 47' E. The reproduction rate was 3.1 (n = 8 females). In the laboratory we noticed a litter of four young. The body mass …

Estimation Of The Proportion Of Feed Protein Digested In The Small Intestine Of Cattle Consuming Wet Corn Gluten Feed, Paul J. Kononoff, S. K. Ivan, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to expand the database and determine the intestinal digestibility of rumen undegradable protein (dRUP) of common dairy feeds and to determine the effects of feeding 37.9% wet corn gluten feed on these estimates. Two ruminally and duodenally fistulated steers were assigned randomly to a crossover design with 4-wk periods. The mobile bag technique was used to determine rumen undegradable protein (RUP), dRUP, total tract digestible protein, and total tract digestible dry matter of alfalfa hay, brome hay, alfalfa haylage, corn silage, whole cottonseed, soybean meal, soyhulls, ground corn, nonenzymatically browned soybean meal, and dried …

Color, Cooking Loss And Textural Properties Of Patties As Affected By Catfish Belly Flap Mince Size And Cooking Method, Jin M. Kim, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Patties were prepared with different sizes of channel catfish belly flap mince. Belly flap meat was minced using four different sizes of openings of plate, mixed with salt, formed, and cooked by two methods, in water and oven. Results indicated no differences (P>0.05) in Kramer shear break force in the patties cooked by different methods for same size of mince. As size of meat particles for patties decreased, increased were hardness and gumminess, and color difference from fillet, but decreased were Kramer shear break force as well as percent cooking loss (p< 0.05). Patties cooked in an oven showed greater color difference from fillet, percent cooking loss, hardness, and gumminess than those cooked in water for the same size of meat particles (p < 0.05).

Frontmatter And Contents

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Appreciation is expressed to the following firms, associations, or agencies who provided grant support for research in the beef cattle program:

Abengoa Bionergy Corp., York, Neb.
Beef Board, Centennial, Colo.
Bioniche Lifes Services, Belleville, Ontario, Canada
Cargill Corn Milling, Blair, Neb.
CRINA, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, N. J.
Dakota Gold, Sioux Falls, S. Dak.
Elanco Animal Health, Indianapolis, Ind.
Golden Harvest Seeds, Waterloo, Neb.
Intervet, Millsboro, Del.
J.C. Robinson Seed Co., Waterloo, Neb.
Montana State University, Boseman, Mon.
National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, Centennial, Colo.
Nebraska Beef Council, Kearney, Neb.
Nebraska Cattlemen, Inc., Lincoln, Neb.
Nebraska Corn Board, Lincoln, Neb. …

Effect Of Phase Feeding Protein On Cattle Performance And Nitrogen Mass Balance In Open Feedlots, Stephanie A. Quinn, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard R. Stowell, Dawn M. Sherwood

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two experiments using calves fed 176 days from November to May (WINTER) and yearlings fed 117 days from May to September (SUMMER) were conducted to compare conventional CP levels to phase-fed diets balanced for degradable intake protein and undegradable intake protein on performance and N volatilization. Phase fed diets were formulated to balance degradable intake protein and metabolizable protein. Phase feeding resulted in greater ADG and better F:G in WINTER and similar performance in SUMMER than traditional feeding methods. Nitrogen excretion was significantly reduced in both WINTER and SUMMER which translated into significantly less N volatilization without impacting N removed …

Evaluation Of Synovex Choice Versus Revalor Implant Strategies In Beef Finishing Steers, Pablo L. Loza, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Bill Dicke, Robert J. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, J. Drouillard, Court Campbell

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot experiment was performed with the objective to compare a Synovex-Choice/ Synovex-Choice (Choice) implant strategy to a Revalor-IS/Revalor-S (Revalor) strategy on finishing steer performance and carcass characteristics. DMI did not differ between treatments). When calculated from carcass adjusted FW, ADG was not significantly different between Choice and Revalor implant strategies. Consequently, F/G was not significantly different when the Choice strategy was compared with Revalor strategy. No differences were observed for marbling scores or calculated yield grade) due to treatment. Based on carcass-adjusted performance, significant differences do not exist in performance between the two implant strategies.

Effect Of Crina Ruminants Af, A Mixture Of Essential Oil Compounds, On Finishing Beef Steer Performance, Nathan F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist, Peter Willams, Ricardo Losa

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Three-hundred seventy six crossbred yearling steers were fed one of four treatments: 1) Control (CON) 2) CRINA RUMINANTS AF (CRINA) 3) CRINA RUMINANTS AF plus Tylan® (CRINA + T), and 4) Rumensin® plus Tylan® (RUM + T) to determine the potential of an essential oil additive to improve steer growth performance and carcass characteristics. There were no differences in Final BW or ADG between treatments. Steers fed RUM + T had lower DMI than other treatments and F:G was improved for the CRINA + T and RUM + T fed steers compared with CON steers. Treatments containing Tylan® had significantly …

Effect Of Crina Ruminants Af, A Mixture Of Essential Oil Compounds, On Ruminal Fermentation And Digestibility, Nathan F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, Peter Willams, Riccardo Losa

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Eight ruminally fistulated steers were used in a metabolism experiment to determine effects of an essential oil feed additive in altering steer ruminal fermentation characteristics and nutrient digestibilities. Yearling steers were fed three treatments: 1) Control (CON) 2) CRINA RUMINANTS AF (CRINA) and 3) Rumensin® (RUM). There were no differences in DMI, OM intake, total tract DM and OM digestibilities, or pH among treatments. Steers receiving the CRINA treatment consumed 24.5% fewer meals than CON. Ruminal acetate was greatest and total VFA concentrations tended to be greatest for CRINA treatment. Acetate:propionate was 1.68, 1.49, and 1.43 for CON, CRINA, and …

Effect Of Feeding Das-59122-7 Corn Grain And Non-Transgenic Corn Grain To Finishing Feedlot Steers, Taia J. Huls, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, Kyle J. Vander Pol, David W. Rice, Brenda Smith, Mark Hinds, Fred Owens, Matthias Leibergesell

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Sixty crossbred steers were individually fed either corn genetically modified for corn rootworm protection (Das-59122-7), a conventional non-transgenic corn hybrid, or a near isoline control for 109 days to evaluate nutritional equivalency. The corn was coarsely rolled (geometric mean diameter = 4,200 microns) and treatments offered in the finishing diet at 82% of diet (DM basis). Dry matter intakes, ADG, and F:G were similar among all three corn hybrids. Carcass characteristics showed no significant differences among treatments. The genetically modified corn DAS-59122-7 was nutritionally equivalent to a conventional corn hybrid and a near isoline control when fed to finishing steers. …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, he or she must sample the population. The use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed …

Nebraska 2007 Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Table of Contents

Cow/Calf
Utilization of Dried Distillers Grains for Developing Beef Heifers
Progestin Concentrations Alter Follicle Characteristics and May Affect Quality of Oocytes (Eggs)

Growing
Summary Analysis of Grazing Yearling Response to Distillers Grains
Dried Distillers Grains Substitute for Forage and Nitrogen on Pasture: N Dynamics and Use Efficiency
Comparing a Modified Dry Byproduct to Dry Distillers Grains with Solubles in Growing Calf Diets
Effect of Distillers Grains Composition and Level on Steers Consuming High-Quality Forage
Replacement of Forage with Dried Distillers Grains Reduces Ruminal Methane Production
Dried Distillers Grains as Creep Feed for Yearling Beef Cattle Grazing Sandhill …

Effect Of A Vaccine Product Containing Type Ill Secreted Proteins On The Probability Of Escherichia Coli 01 57:H7 Fecal Shedding And Mucosal Colonization In Feedlot Cattle, R. E. Peterson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rodney A. Moxley, Galen E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, G. Bretschneider, E. Berberov, D. Rogan, David R. Smith

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Preharvest intervention strategies to reduce Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in cattle have been sought as a means to reduce human foodborne illness. A blinded clinical trial was conducted to test the effect of a vaccine product on the probability that feedlot steers, under conditions of natural exposure, shed E. coli 0157:H7 in feces, are colonized by this organism in the terminal rectum, or develop a humoral response to the respective antigens. Steers (n = 288) were assigned randomly to 36 pens (eight head per pen), and pens were randomized to vaccination treatment in a balanced fashion within six dietary treatments of …

Emerging Near-Real Time Forage Monitoring Technology With Application To Large Herbivore Management In Mongolia, Dennis P. Sheehy, Jerry W. Stuth, Douglas E. Johnson, Jay Angerer, Douglas Tolleson

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Large herbivore livestock and wildlife in Mongolia depend almost entirely for substance on forage standing crop produced each year on natural pastureland. Consequently, both livestock and wildlife are continuously subject to environmental risk, especially drought and severe winter storms, while livestock are also subject to financial risk. As consumption-based livestock production changes to commercialized livestock production, steps taken by the livestock herder to avert both environmental and financial risk to livestock can increase environmental risk to large wild herbivores. A realistic and workable pastureland and risk management system will be critical for conservation of large herbivore habitat. New technologies are …

Feeding Ecology Of Asiatic Wild Ass Equus Hemionus, Jochen Lengger, Frieda Tataruch, Christian Walzer

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The Mongolian wild ass or khulan (Equus hemionus) is a potential competitor for forage to reintroduced Przewalski’s horses. To evaluate the major foraging plants of khulan we chose the alkane method that was first described by Mayes in 1984. Different plant species contain varying amounts and proportions of n-alkanes. This fact allows the determination of diet composition by comparing the plant alkane to the fecal alkane pattern. The major advantage is that the method is non-invasive and has been shown to be a reliable method in captive trials. Fecal and plant samples were collected simultaneously and preserved by …

Assessment Of Non-Metric Skull Characters And Age Determination In The Asiatic Wild Ass Equus Hemionus: A Methodological Approach, Hermann Ansorge, Annegret Stubbe, Nyamsuren Batsaikhan, Ravčigijn Samjaa, Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The report presents the first information on the use of non-metric skull characters and age determination by tooth section for Asiatic wild asses. It was initiated by a collection of more than 400 skulls of the Asiatic wild ass from the Bordzongijn-Gobi 2002-2004. The methodological overview gives a first research prospect in Asiatic Wild Ass concerning the use of non-metric skull characters as a morphological tool for assessing genetic variability, determining epigenetic divergences and evaluating fluctuating asymmetry. The time course of tooth eruption and replacement in the Asiatic wild ass is described with regard to its use for age determination. …

Semi-Wild Population Of Kulans In The Bukhara Breeding Centre And Their Co-Habitation With Przewalski’S Horses, Karim Bahloul, Olga B. Pereladova, Natalia V. Soldatova, Ekaterina V. Sidorenko, Antoine J. Sempere

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Asiatic wild asses and Przewalski's horses initially inhabited steppe, semi-desert and desert areas, but Przewalski's horses became extinct in the wild, and kulans are under threat of disappearance. The Bukhara Breeding Centre (Uzbekistan) was created in 1976 for conservation and reintroduction of wild ungulate species. In 1977-1978, five kulans (two males and three females) from Barsa-Kelmes Island on the Aral lake were introduced to the reserve. The group increased to 25-30 animals in 1995-1998, when five Przewalski's horses from Moscow and St. Petersburg zoos were introduced to the same territory. We analyzed the home ranges, preferred habitats and social interactions …

Animal Science Newsletter, Winter 2007

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From The Interim Department Head’s Desk
Bovine 3D Project Readies High-Tech Carcass for Classroom, Industry
Spangler is New Faculty Member
Emeriti News
FIPSE Program Offers International Ag Discussion
Van Vleck Retires
University of Nebraska–Lincoln Poultry Scholarships
Recent Awards and Recognitions
Block and Bridle Club
Animal Science Graduate Student Association
Ambassadors Help Make a Difference
Livestock Judging Team
Horse Judging Team
Equestrian Team
Bobby Moser Thankful for his Decision to Attend UNL
Drive Through Nebraska as a Teen led Burnell to UNL
Former Graduate Student Jerry Reeves Retires
Karlis Ulmanis — From Alum to Prime Minister
Walking Down Memory Lane …

Effects Of Dried Distillers Grains And Equivalent Undegradable Intake Protein Or Ether Extract On Performance And Forage Intake Of Heifers Grazing Smooth Bromegrass Pastures, J. C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, W. A. Griffin

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Crossbred heifers (n = 120; BW = 368 kg, SD = 39 kg) were used to determine effects of dried distillers grains (DDG) and relative contributions of undegradable intake protein (UIP) and fat (ether extract, EE) in DDG on ADG and forage intake (FI). Heifers rotationally grazed six 3.5-ha, smooth bromegrass paddocks (IVDMD = 65.7%, CP = 20.8%, UIP = 2.17%, DM basis). Heifers were blocked by previous ADG and allotted to treatments in a 3 × 3 + 1 factorial design. Factors were source and level of supplementation. Supplements were as follows: 1) DDG (UIP = 15.8%, EE = …

Effect Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus Strain N P51 On Escherichia Coli 0157:H7 Fecal Shedding And Finishing Performance In Beef Feedlot Cattle, R. Peterson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, J. Folmer, S. Hinkley, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A 2-year study was conducted during the summer months (May to September) to test the effectiveness of feeding Lactobacillus acidophilus strain NP51 on the proportion of cattle shedding Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in the feces and evaluate the effect of the treatment on finishing performance. Steers (n = 448) were assigned randomly to pens, and pens of cattle were assigned randomly to NP5 1 supplementation or no supplementation (control). NP5 1 products were mixed with water and applied as the feed was mixed daily in treatment-designated trucks at the rate of l0⁹ CFU per steer. Fecal samples were collected (n …

Efficacy Of Dose Regimen And Observation Of Herd Immunity From A Vaccine Against Escherichia Coli 01 57:H7 For Feedlot Cattle, R. E. Peterson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rodney A. Moxley, Galen E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, D. Rogan, David R. Smith

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A clinical trial was conducted to test the effect of a vaccine product containing type I11 secreted proteins of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on the probability that feedlot steers shed E. coli 0157:H7 in feces. Six hundred eight same-source steers were utilized. Of these, 480 steers were assigned randomly to 60 pens (eight head per pen) and to one of four vaccination treatments (120 cattle per treatment, two head per treatment per pen). The four treatments were (i) no vaccination; (ii) one dose, vaccinated once at reimplant (day 42); (iii) two doses, vaccinated on arrival (day 0) and again at reimplant …

Comparison Of Performance And Economics Of A Long-Yearling And Calf-Fed System, W. A. Griffin, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, D. M. Feuz, James C. Macdonald, D. J. Jordon

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Performance and economics of calf feeding and feeding long-yearlings was compared from University of Nebraska research conducted from 1996 to 2004. All calves in these studies were spring born and purchased the subsequent fall. The heaviest calves (292 ± 5 kg) were placed into the feedlot and fed an average of 168 d (calf-feds), whereas the lighter calves (239 ± 5 kg) were placed into a long-yearling system consisting of corn residue grazing followed by summer grazing before entering the feedlot for finishing. Long-yearlings were fed in the feedlot for an average of 90 d. At the beginning of the …

Boletín De Grupo De Especialistas En Crácidos 23-28 (2007-2009), Iucn, Birdlife International, Cracid Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Volume 23 (Spring 2007)

Registros de anidamiento del pavo de cacho (Oreophasis derbianus) en el Volcan Atitlán, Guatemala, Knut Eisermann, Andy Burge, y Gerardo López

Registros de ninhos de Oreophasis derbianus no Vulcão Atitlan, Guatemala, Knut Eisermann, Andy Burge, e Gerardo López

Nesting records of horned guan (Oreophasis derbianus) on Atitlán Volcano, Guatemala, Knut Eisermann, Andy Burge, and Gerardo López

El redescubrimiento de la chachalaca de la Isla Utila (Ortalis vetula deschauenseei), Sheri L. Glowinski

Redescoberta do aracuã da Ilha Utila (Ortalis vetula deschauenseei), Sheri L. Glowinski

Rediscovery of the Utila Island …

Utilization Of Corn Co-Products In The Beef Industry: Feeding Of Corn Milling Co-Products To Beef Cattle, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Richard J. Rasby

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Corn milling co-products are expected to increase dramatically in supply as the ethanol industry expands. Distillers grains, corn gluten feed, or a combination of both co-products offer many feeding options when included in pasture and feedlot diets. These co-product feeds may effectively improve cattle performance and operation profitability. When these co-products are fed in feedlot diets, adjustments to grain processing method and roughage level may improve cattle performance. Innovative storage methods for wet co-products and the use of dried co-products offer small operations flexibility when utilizing co-products. As new co-products are developed by ethanol plants, they should be evaluated with …