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West Nile Encephalitis In A Captive Florida Sandhill Crane, Cristina M. Hansen, Barry K. Hartup, Olga D. Gonzalez, Douglas E. Lyman, Howard Steinberg

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A 37 year old captive male Florida sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pratensis) housed at the International Crane Foundation exhibited abnormal neurologic signs in the fall of 2006. Despite therapy and supportive care, the neurologic signs worsened and the crane was euthanized after 6 days. Antemortem and postmortem serum was positive for flavivirus antibody, and a cloacal swab was positive for West Nile virus (WNV) by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pectoral muscle atrophy and multifocal myocardial necrosis were observed at necropsy. Histopathologic findings included inflammatory and necrotic lesions in sections of brain, spinal cord, eye, heart, blood …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 9 2008, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Obituary: Terry Lamon Yates, 1950-2007., Robert J. Baker, David J. Schmidly, Joseph A. Cook, Jorge Salazar-Bravo, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

On December 11, 2007, the science of mammalogy lost one of its most valued and influential leaders. Terry Lamon Yates succumbed to complications of treatments for an aggressive form of brain cancer after a brief but courageous fight. He was born on March 17, 1950, in Mayfield, Kentucky, the older son of Ellen Wanda Byrd and William Hanley Yates. Terry’s only sibling was a brother, Johnny. He is survived by his wife Nancy Fennell Yates, his two sons, Brian Christopher and Michael Ryan, and daughter-in-law Laura Manchéno Macia.

Estimation Of The Lysine Requirements For High-Lean Growth Pigs, Phillip S. Miller, Roman Moreno, Thomas E. Burkey, Rodger K. Johnson

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to determine the lysine regime required to maximize growth performance for high-lean-growth potential barrows and gilts beginning at 45 lb and concluding at approximately 260 lb. There were four growing-finishing phases and four lys treatments within phase (Grower-1, 44 lb to 79 lb; Grower-2 79 lb to 132 lb; Finisher-1, 132 lb to 189 lb; and Finisher-2, 1891b to 260 lb). Dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal based supplemented with 0.15% crystalline lysine. The formulation of 2 dietary treatments was aimed to provide lysine below the requirement, while the other 2 dietary treatments provided lys above the …

Dietary Fiber In Sow Gestation Diets - An Updated Review, Duane Reese, Allen Prosch, Daryl A. Travnicek, Kent M. Eskridge

Nebraska Swine Reports

Twenty-four published reports dating from 1975 to 2007 were examined to determine the overall effects of feeding gestation sows additional fiber. Sow and litter traits among trials were weighted by the number of litters for each treatment within each trial. Overall, sows can successfully consume high-fiber diets during gestation with few deleterious effects. Positive effects from feeding high-fiber diets were evident in litter size (0.2 to 0.6 pigs/litter) and sow lactation feed intake (0.5 to 0.8 lb/day), but they are not largely evident until the second reproductive cycle following exposure to the diet. It's possible that to ensure sow and …

Effects Of Nutrition During Gilt Development And Genetic Line On Farrowing Rates Through Parity 3, Causes Of Culling, Sow Weights And Backfats Through Parity 4, And Factors Affecting Farrowing Rates, Rodger K. Johnson, Phillip S. Miller, Matthew W. Anderson, Jeffrey M. Perkins, Kelsey A. Rhynalds, Trevor J. Glidden, Donald R. Mcclure, Thomas E. Mcgargill, Darryl J. Barnhill, Roman Moreno

Nebraska Swine Reports

Gilts of two genetic lines were developed with either ad libitum access to feed or energy restriction (75% of ad libitum) to determine effects on subsequent sow performance and longevity. Gilts can be developed with regimens in which energy is restricted during the growing period but the proportion that express pubertal estrus may be reduced in leaner, faster growing lines. Effects on subsequent farrowing rates are small. Sow weight and buckfat at farrowing and weaning of Parity 1 litters affect the likelihood of producing a Parity 2 litter, but these effects are dependent on lean growth rate of the line …

2008 Nebraska Swine Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Table of Contents

Pork Central's Al Prosch Retires

Nutrition
The Effect of Corn Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS) on Growth Performance of Growing-Finishing Pigs ● The Effect of Corn Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS) on Carcass Characteristics and Pork Quality ● Effects of Increasing Concentrations of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) on Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs ● Dietary Fiber in Sow Gestation Diets—An Updated Review ● Effects of Nutrition During Gilt Development on Lifetime Productivity of Sows of Two Profile Maternal Lines: Summary Growth Characteristics and Sow Productivity—2008 ● Effects of Nutrition During Gilt Development and …

University Of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research Division 122nd Annual Report July 1, 2007 To June 30, 2008, Institute Of Agriculture And Natural Resources

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

Our Mission ..... 4

Foreword..... 5

Faculty Awards and Recognitions.... 6

Graduate Student Awards and Recognitions...10

Undergraduate Honors Student Research Program...14

Variety and Germplasm Releases....15

Patents.....17

Administration..... 18

Administrative Personnel.... 18

Organizational Chart....19

Administrative Units....20

IANR Research Facilities.... 21

Faculty..... 22

Agricultural/Natural Resources Units... 23

Education and Human Sciences Departments...33

Off-Campus Research Centers....34

Interdisciplinary Activities....35

Visiting Scientists/Research Associates....36

Research Projects..... 43

Agricultural/Natural Resources Units... 43

Education and Human Sciences Departments...48

Off-Campus Research Centers....49

Interdisciplinary Activities ....50

Publications.....51

Agricultural/Natural Resources Units... 57

Education and Human Sciences Departments...77

Off-Campus Research Centers....80

Research Expenditures....82

Effect Of Food Deprivation On The Metabolic Profile Of Llamas (Lama Glama) In The Letanias Experimental Station - Viacha, Edwin Eddy Ali Quisbert

Theses and Dissertations

In the highlands, where regular agriculture and livestock are not viable, raising camelids is the only means of subsistence for rural families. While grazing during the dry season in the high Andean region, llamas face serious nutritional deficiencies due to limited forage availability. This study was done at the experimental station of the Benson Agriculture and Food Institute located in the community of Letanias which is in the municipality of Viacha. The objective was to determine the effect of food deprivation on the metabolic profile of blood plasma (concentration of urea-nitrogen, total protein, albumin, and creatinine) as well as the …

Dr. Maximillian Schmidt's 1884 Review Of The Growth Rates Of Asian Elephants, Robert H.I. Dale, Fred Yaniga

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Rarely is there a scientific article of such creativity, insight and importance that it is fascinating even 125 years after it was written. The following article by Max Schmidt, translated in English for the first time, as far as we know, is one of these. As in the original article, an illustration precedes the text.

Dr. Schmidt addressed a topic of considerable interest in recent times (for example, Sukumar, 2003, Appendix 2): The growth curves of elephants. He combined data on multiple elephants from several sources to generate a table of shoulder heights from birth to the age of 34 …

History: The Birth Of "America" In 1882, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

This article concerns a New York Times story about the birth of the female Asian elephant calf, named America, at the winter headquarters of the "Greatest Show on Earth" in Bridgeport, Connecticut on February 2, 1882. Phineas T. Barnum, one of the owners of the show, and one prone to self-aggrandizing bluster, claimed that America was the second elephant ever born in captivity. America was born only to months before the arrival in New York of the most famous circus elephant of all time, Jumbo, on Easter Sunday, 1882, and only two years before the origin of a small wagon …

Effect Of Wintering System And Nutrition Around Breeding On Gain And Reproduction In Heifers, Daniel M. Larson, Jeremy L. Martin, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Replacement heifers were developed using corn stalks (Experiments 1 and 2), winter range (Experiment 1), or a dry lot (Experiment 2) with or without a high energy supplement around breeding. Corn stalk development reduced ADG and the percentage pubertal prior to breeding; however, neither first service conception nor pregnancy rates were affected. High energy supplemental nutrition around breeding tends to improve first service conception. Corn stalk development does not appear to negatively impact reproduction, although it resulted in lighter calf birth weight compared to winter range.

Nebraska Beef Cattle Report 2008

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Contents

Cow/Calf
Effect of Pre-breeding Weight and MGA Supplementation on Heifer Performance
Effect of Wintering System and Nutrition Around Breeding on Gain and Reproduction in Heifers
Pre- and Peri-pubertal Feeding of Melengesterol Acetate (MGA) Alters Testis Characteristics in Bulls
Effects of Summer Climatic Conditions on Body Temperature in Beef Cows
Supplementing Beef Cows Grazing Cornstalk Residue with a Distillers Based Cube
Comparison of Crude Protein and Digestibility of Diets of Grazing Cattle at Different Sandhills Range Sites
Determination of Diet Protein and Digestibility of Native Sandhills Upland Range
Evaluation of Storage Methods for Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles with Added …

Supplementing Beef Cows Grazing Cornstalk Residue With A Distillers Based Cube, Zachary Hall, Richard J. Rasby, Mark Dragastin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A 4-year study is being conducted to determine the effect of excess undegrad¬able intake protein supplementation using a cube that is 2/3 dried distillers grains (DDG) to beef cows in late gesta¬tion on cow and calf performance and the performance of heifer calves whose dams were supplemented with protein. Feeding a supplement containing DDG did not influence calf birth and wean¬ing weights, cow body weight prior to calving, and calving interval. Cow body condition score and percentage of cows cyclic prior to breeding increased for supplemented cows.

Sampling Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles To Determine Nutrient Variability, Crystal D. Buckner, Sarah J. Vanness, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dry matter, protein, fat, phosphorus, and sulfur were measured on 100 wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) samples per ethanol plant (6 plants total) with 10 samples/day, 5 consecutive days, and 2 separate months (periods). Coefficients of variation were 1.5% to 4.5% for DM within plant. Fat in WDGS averaged 11.8% and ranged from 10.7% to 13.1% across plants, with ranges of 2 to 5 percentage units within plant. Coefficients of variation were 5% to 8% and as great as 36% within plant for sulfur. The variation in protein and phosphorus were minimal.

Characteristics Of Beef Finished On Wet Distillers Grains With Varying Types And Levels Of Roughage, Blaine E. Jenschke, Joshua R. Benton, Chris R. Calkins, Timothy P. Carr, Kent M. Eskridge, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Beef knuckles (n = 160) were obtained from source-verified cattle finished on 30% wet distillers grains plus solubles enriched with varying levels of alfalfa hay, corn silage, or corn stalks based on NDF. Our objectives were to determine if roughage inclusion, in conjunction with wet distillers grains plus solubles and cattle location affects beef flavor. Data from this study indicate type and level of roughage inclusion and cattle location have minimal effects on fatty acid profiles and sensory properties of the M. Rectus femoris. However, individual fatty acids of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat were significantly correlated with liver-like off flavor.

Evaluation Of Methods For Dry Matter Determination Of Ethanol Byproducts, Mallorie F. Wilken, Galen E. Erickson, Joshua R. Benton, Crystal D. Buckner, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Kip Karges, Matt Gibson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Traditional wet distillers grains plus solubles, modified distillers grains, Dakota Bran Cake, and distillers solubles were sampled and replicates tested using oven drying (n = 8) at 105°C and 60°C, vacuum oven drying (n = 3) and toluene distillation process (n = 8). Two replicates were evaluated using Karl Fischer titration. Oven drying was compared to toluene distillation as the standard. Oven drying at 60°C for 24 hours resulted in the same DM (P > 0.10) as toluene distillation for wet byproducts.

The Effect Of Feeding Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Milk Production And Excretion Of Urinary Purine Derivatives, B. N. Janicek, P. J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, P. H. Doane

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two studies were performed to evaluate the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on the lactational performance of dairy cows. The intent of experiment 1 was to evaluate the effects of feeding increasing concentrations of DDGS on the feed intake and production of Holstein dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows averaging 76 ± 24 d in milk and 638 ± 68 kg of body weight were randomly assigned to one of five 4 × 4 Latin squares. During each of the 28-d periods, cows were offered 1 of 4 diets: 1) control, 0% DDGS, 2) 10% DDGS, 3) …

A New Heat Load Index For Feedlot Cattle, J. B. Gaughan, Terry L. Mader, S. M. Holt, A. Lisle

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The ability to predict the effects of extreme climatic variables on livestock is important in terms of welfare and performance. An index combining temperature and humidity (THI) has been used for more than 4 decades to assess heat stress in cattle. However, the THI does not include important climatic variables such as solar load and wind speed (WS, m/s). Likewise, it does not include management factors (the effect of shade) or animal factors (genotype differences). Over 8 summers, a total of 11,669 Bos taurus steers, 2,344 B. taurus crossbred steers, 2,142 B. taurus × Bos indicus steers, and 1,595 B. …

Evaluation And Application Of The Cpm Dairy Nutrition Model, L. O, Tedeschi, W. Chalupa, E. Janczewski, D. G. Fox, C. Sniffen, R. Munson, Paul J. Kononoff, R. Boston

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The Cornell-Penn-Miner (CPM) Dairy is an applied mathematical nutrition model that computes dairy cattle requirements and the supply of energy and nutrients based on characteristics of the animal, the environment and the physicochemical composition of the feeds under diverse production scenarios. The CPM Dairy was designed as a steady-state model to use rates of degradation of feed carbohydrate and protein and the rate of passage to estimate the extent of ruminal fermentation, microbial growth, and intestinal digestibility of carbohydrate and protein fractions in computing energy and protein post-rumen absorption, and the supply of metabolizable energy and protein to the animal. …

Effect Of Feeding Das-59122-7 Corn Grain And Nontransgenic Corn Grain To Individually Fed Finishing Steers, T. J. Huls, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, K. J. Vander Pol, D. W. Rice, B. Smith, M. Hinds, F. Owens, M. Liebergesell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

An experiment was conducted to evaluate feeding transgenic corn containing the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes from a Bacillus thuringiensis strain and the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (pat) gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes to finishing cattle compared with nontransgenic corn. Expression of the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes confers resistance to corn rootworms, and the pat gene confers tolerance to herbicides containing glufosinate-ammonium. Sixty crossbred steers (396 kg) were individually fed either transgenic corn (DAS-59122-7; 59122), a near-isogenic, nontransgenic control (Control), and a conventional, nontransgenic corn for 109 d to evaluate nutritional equivalency (20 steers/treatment). The corn was coarsely rolled (geometric mean diameter = 4,200 …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2008

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Letter from President
From the Department Head
Letter from Historian
2008 Block and Bridle Honoree: Jay Wolf
Animal Science Faculty
  Block & Bridle Members
Block & Bridle Officers
Block & Bridle Initiates
Block & Bridle Advisors
Block & Bridle Senior Tributes
2007 Honors Banquet
2007 Block & Bridle Awards
2007-2008 Calendar of Events
Treasurer’s Report
Initial Meeting Secretary's Report
Programs
Socials
Big Red Welcome
State Fair Beef Pit
Steak Fry
National Convention
Little AK-SAR-BEN
Little AK-SAR-BEN Winners
Kid’s Day
Big Red Beef Show
State FFA
Block & Bridle Honoree Trip
Livestock Judging Team
Meats Judging Team
MAEC …

Chapter 2: Use Of Distillers Co-Products In Diets Fed To Beef Cattle, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Consumers in the United States purchase 64 pounds of beef per year. That beef is considered “high quality” by international standards. In the distant past in the United States, beef was produced with forages, and it still is in most countries of the world today. Beef cattle are ruminants and therefore are able to convert grasses, hays, and crop residues into tasty, nutritious meat. Even today in the United States, about 80% to 90% of the feed required to produce “grain-fed” beef is forage. The U.S. beef produced today is “high quality” because the cattle are fed corn just prior …

Effects Of Prebreeding Body Weight Or Progestin Exposure Before Breeding On Beef Heifer Performance Through The Second Breeding Season, J. L. Martin, K. W. Creighton, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. T. Clark, Don C. Adams, Richard N. Funston

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two experiments evaluated prebreeding target BW or progestin exposure for heifers developed lighter than traditional recommendations. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of the system on heifer performance through subsequent calving and rebreeding over 3 yr. Heifers (229 kg) were assigned randomly to be developed to 55% of mature BW (299 kg) before a 45-d breeding season (intensive, INT; n = 119) or 50% of mature BW (272 kg) before a 60-d breeding season (relaxed, RLX; n = 142). Prebreeding and pregnancy diagnosis BW were greater (P ≤ 0.006) for INT than RLX heifers. Overall pregnancy rate did not differ (88.4%; …

Evaluation Of Nitrogen Utilization And The Effects Of Monensin In Dairy Cows Fed Brown Midrib Corn Silage, A. M. Gehman, Paul J. Kononoff, C. R. Mullins, B. N. Janicek

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Twenty midlactation Holstein cows (4 ruminally fistulated) averaging 101 ± 34 d in milk and weighing 674 ± 77 kg were used to compare rations with brown midrib corn silage (bm3) to rations with dual-purpose control silage (DP) on N utilization and milk production. The effect of monensin in these rations was also examined. Animals were assigned to one of five 4 × 4 Latin squares with treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. Cows were fed 1 of 4 treatments during each of the four 28- d periods. Treatments were 1) 0 mg/d monensin and bm3 …

Cattle Code: Coproduct Optimizer Decision Evaluator, Crystal D. Buckner, Darrell Mark, Virgil R. Bremer, Galen E. Erickson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Expansion of the corn-based ethanol industry in recent years has resulted in a growing supply of coproduct feeds. These coproducts result in significant improvements in cattle performance and are often priced lower than corn on a dry matter basis. Along with these benefits to feeding ethanol coproduct feeds, cattle feeders must also account for additional transportation costs to originate the coproducts and for added expenses to handle, mix, and deliver the feed ration within the feedlot. An economic budget model, called Cattle CODE, was created to help feeders, nutritionists, and Extension educators evaluate these nonlinear effects across unique feeding situations.

Board-Invited Review: Use Of Distillers By-Products In The Beef Cattle Feeding Industry, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The ethanol industry is expanding rapidly. This expansion in production of renewable energy also increases production of by-products. These byproducts, primarily distillers grains plus solubles (DGS), are utilized very efficiently by ruminants. When the starch in corn is fermented to produce ethanol, the remaining nutrients (protein, fat, fiber) are concentrated about 3-fold. Whereas DGS is an excellent protein source for ruminants, the large supply and the price relative to corn make DGS an attractive energy source as well. This is especially important with reduced availability and higher price of corn because of demand by the ethanol industry. A meta-analysis of …

Comparison Of Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Implant Programs For Yearling Steers Of Two Genotypes, Robbi H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2008

Yearling steers (n = 400) were used to evaluate relative payout periods for implants when feeding high grain content diets. Implant treatments included (1) control (nonimplanted), (2) Synovex Plus, (3) revalor-s, and (4) Ralgro-revalor-s. The Synovex Plus (2), revalor-s (3) and Ralgro (4) were administered on day 1. The reimplant with revalor-s (4) was admnistered after 56 d on feed. Steers were managed in two groups. Initial BW and days fed were 782 lb, 131 d (Group I), and 661 lb, 145 d (Group II). Implants increased production rates and efficiencies, increased carcass size and reduced marbling when compared to …

Use Of Microbial Transglutaminase And Nonmeat Proteins To Improve Functional Properties Of Low Nacl, Phosphate-Free Patties Made From Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Belly Flap Meat, Byungrok Min, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This study was aimed at developing value-added low sodium chloride (NaCl), phosphate-free restructured patties using minced channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) belly flap meat. The effect of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) and nonmeat proteins (isolated soy protein, ISP, and whey protein concentrate, WPC; 1.7%, respectively) alone and in combinationwere evaluated to improve cooking yield and textural properties in patties with reduced NaCl and no phosphate. The concentration effect of MTGase (0.05% to 0.7%) was also studied. The addition of MTGase increased textural properties such as binding strength, hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and springiness, but decreased cooking yield of the patties ( …