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Fatty Acid Profile Of Three Beef Muscles From Yearlings And Calf-Fed Steers Fed Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Chris R. Calkins, Blaine E. Jenschke, Lasika S. Senaratne, Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson, Mike E. R. Dugan Jan 2009

Fatty Acid Profile Of Three Beef Muscles From Yearlings And Calf-Fed Steers Fed Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Chris R. Calkins, Blaine E. Jenschke, Lasika S. Senaratne, Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson, Mike E. R. Dugan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) finishing diets on the fatty acid profile of beef. Ribeye slices (m. Longissimus thoracis), tenderloins (m. Psoas major), and top blades (m. Infraspinatus) were analyzed. Calf-fed (Experiment 1) and yearling steers (Experiment 2) (n = 96 each) were allocated into three treatments of 0%, 15% or 30% WDGS (DM basis) for each experiment. For all muscles, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels were higher in beef from animals fed 30% WDGS. Except in tenderloins in Experiment 1, trans fatty acids increased linearly with …

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Modified Wet Distillers Grains Finishing Diets May Increase The Levels Of Polyunsaturated And Trans Fatty Acids Of Beef, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Chris R. Calkins, Lasika S. Senaratne, Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson, Mike E. R. Dugan, Blaine E. Jenschke Jan 2009

Modified Wet Distillers Grains Finishing Diets May Increase The Levels Of Polyunsaturated And Trans Fatty Acids Of Beef, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Chris R. Calkins, Lasika S. Senaratne, Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson, Mike E. R. Dugan, Blaine E. Jenschke

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Yearling steers (n=268) were fed 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50 % modified wet distillers grains with solubles (MWDGS; DM basis). Marbling attributes, intramuscular fat content and fatty acid profile of beef were analyzed. Treatments did not alter marbling score, marbling distribution or fat content. Slight differences were identified for marbling texture of Choice carcasses. Values of polyunsaturated, Omega 6 and trans fatty acids linearly increased as levels of modified wet distillers grains increased. Feeding this byproduct increases polyunsaturated, trans and Omega 6 fatty acids in beef.

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Fatty Acid Composition Of Beef From Cattle Fed Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson Jan 2009

Fatty Acid Composition Of Beef From Cattle Fed Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Timothy P. Carr, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred yearlings (n = 90) were allotted to one of ten diets containing 0%, 20% and 40% wet distillers grains (WDG) with or without vitamin E supplementation and distillers solubles. Strip loin and tenderloin steaks were obtained and tested for their fatty acid profiles using gas chromatography. WDG diets increased linearly (P < 0.05) the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) containing 18 or more carbons and trans fatty acids in both muscles. No significant differences were found for total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Dietary inclusion of neither vitamin E nor distiller solubles significantly changed PUFA, trans, omega-6 or omega-3 fats in strip loins and tenderloins. Therefore, changes in the fat¬ty acid profile of beef are a consequence of WDG, not the solubles or vitamin E.

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A Rapid Method To Evaluate Oxidation Capacity Of Fresh Beef, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Timothy P. Carr Jan 2009

A Rapid Method To Evaluate Oxidation Capacity Of Fresh Beef, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Timothy P. Carr

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A method to determine the capacity of beef to oxidize was developed by spectrophotometrically measuring the formation of conjugated dienes after inducing oxidation. The assay was tested by comparing the oxidation capacity and oxidation products (2-thiobabutaric acid reactive substances) of beef stored in a cooler with various packaging types. There was an inverse relationship between oxidation capacity and oxidation products. As oxidation increases, the oxidation capacity of samples declines. This method of measuring oxidation capacity provides useful information without having to wait for oxidation to occur.

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Impact Of A New Direct-Fed Microbial On Intake And Ruminal Ph, Kelsey Rolfe, Nathan Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Ryan Mass Jan 2009

Impact Of A New Direct-Fed Microbial On Intake And Ruminal Ph, Kelsey Rolfe, Nathan Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Ryan Mass

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Nine ruminally fistulated steers were used in a metabolism experiment to evaluate the effect of a new direct-fed microbial (DFM) on acidosis. No statistical differences were observed in dry matter intake (DMI). Minimum pH was significantly lower in steers fed the DFM during grain adaptation, resulting in a greater change in ruminal pH and pH variance for steers fed DFM during grain adaptation. However, once steers were on the finishing diet, no differences were detected due to treatment.

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Feeding Distillers Grains And E. Coli O157:H7, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David R. Smith, Galen E. Erickson, Rodney A. Moxley Jan 2009

Feeding Distillers Grains And E. Coli O157:H7, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David R. Smith, Galen E. Erickson, Rodney A. Moxley

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The diet of feedlot cattle may affect the bacterial population in the hindgut, includingE. coli O157:H7. Some research studies have shown a relationship between feeding of distillers grains and E. coli O157:H7 shedding. However, other studies do not show the same relationship. Our evaluation of research indicates feeding distillers grains is not related to 2007 ground beef recalls. Furthermore, interventions such as vaccination are more important than identifying various feedstuffs that may influence shedding.

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Moving Beyond Weight As The Only Predictor Of Breeding Readiness: Using A Breeding Maturity Index, Matthew Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Richard N. Funston, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Dillon Feuz Jan 2009

Moving Beyond Weight As The Only Predictor Of Breeding Readiness: Using A Breeding Maturity Index, Matthew Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Richard N. Funston, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Dillon Feuz

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A maturity index (MI) was developed using data from Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory to predict a heifer’s optimal size for breeding. It was developed from observable information such as age, feeding regime, pre-breeding, birth and dam weights. The MI was the most precise predictor of actual percentage of mature weight versus using estimates developed from the herd’s estimated average weight or the dam’s mature weight. The MI also was a more accurate predictor of first pregnancy than the typically applied measure.

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Animal Science Alumni News, Winter/Spring 2008-2009 Jan 2009

Animal Science Alumni News, Winter/Spring 2008-2009

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Faculty Activities: From the Interim Department Head’s Desk
Current Faculty: Ivan Rush Retires
New Faculty: Daniel C. Ciobanu
American Society of Animal Science Celebrates Its Centennial
Emeriti Faculty: Bob Fritschen, Irv Omtvedt
Block and Bridle Annual Steak Fry
Block & Bridle Kids’ Day
SEECA Activities Update
Changes in Dissemination of News to our Supporters
Judging: 2008 Livestock Judging Team
Meat Judging Team
Equestrian Team: New Season, New Region
Alumni News Updates: Elizabeth (Beth) Maricle, B.S. ’06 , Dr. Steven Pollmann, Ph.D. ’79 , Dennis L. Nun, B.S. ‘74, M.S. ’75
Successful Swine Business Highlights Jim Pillen’s Career
Early Experience with …

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Effects Of Chemical Composition Variation On The Dynamics Of Ruminal Fermentation And Biological Value Of Corn Milling (Co)Products, L. O. Tedeschi, Paul J. Kononoff, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson Jan 2009

Effects Of Chemical Composition Variation On The Dynamics Of Ruminal Fermentation And Biological Value Of Corn Milling (Co)Products, L. O. Tedeschi, Paul J. Kononoff, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dynamics of gas production of several corn (co)products, to develop equations to predict the rate of ruminal fiber digestion, to estimate total digestible nutrients (TDN) and net energy for lactation (NEL), and to assess the stochasticity of chemical composition and nutritive value variability. Four corn milling (co)products were evaluated in this study: high protein dried distillers grains (HP-DDG), corn bran (BRAN) and dehydrated germ (GERM), and a dried distillers grains plus soluble produced with a low-heat drying process (BPX). Alfalfa hay was used as an internal standard feed in …

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The Effect Of Feeding High-Protein Distillers Dried Grains On Milk Production Of Holstein Cows, K. J. Hubbard, Paul J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, J. M. Kelzer, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson Jan 2009

The Effect Of Feeding High-Protein Distillers Dried Grains On Milk Production Of Holstein Cows, K. J. Hubbard, Paul J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, J. M. Kelzer, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of feeding high-protein distillers dried grains (HPDDG) on rumen degradability, dry matter intake, milk production, and milk composition. Sixteen lactating Holstein cows (12 multiparous and 4 primiparous) averaging 80 ± 14 d in milk were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 crossover design. A portion of forage and all soy-based protein in the control diet were replaced by HPDDG (20% dry matter). Milk production and dry matter intake were recorded daily and averaged for d 19 to 21 of each 21-d period. Milk …

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Influence Of Corn Hybrid And Processing Method On Nutrient Digestibility, Finishing Performance, And Carcass Characteristics, F. W. Harrelson, Matt K. Luebbe, N. F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David S. Jackson, W. A. Fithian Jan 2009

Influence Of Corn Hybrid And Processing Method On Nutrient Digestibility, Finishing Performance, And Carcass Characteristics, F. W. Harrelson, Matt K. Luebbe, N. F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David S. Jackson, W. A. Fithian

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A finishing trial and a digestion trial were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn hybrid and processing method on nutrient digestibility, finishing performance, and carcass characteristics. A 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatments was used for both trials. Factors included 2 processing methods, dry-rolled (DRC) or high-moisture (HMC), and 5 commercially available corn hybrids. The finishing trial (Exp. 1) utilized 475 yearling steers (379 ± 15 kg initial BW), stratified by BW into 2 blocks then assigned randomly to 1 of 60 pens (8 steers/pen). Treatments were assigned randomly to pens with 6 pens/treatment. Diets consisted of 67.5% …

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Effect Of Essential Oils, Tylosin, And Monensin On Finishing Steer Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Liver Abscesses, Ruminal Fermentation, And Digestibility, N. F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist, Matt K. Luebbe, P. Williams, M. A. Engstrom Jan 2009

Effect Of Essential Oils, Tylosin, And Monensin On Finishing Steer Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Liver Abscesses, Ruminal Fermentation, And Digestibility, N. F. Meyer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist, Matt K. Luebbe, P. Williams, M. A. Engstrom

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A feedlot (Exp. 1) experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of an essential oil mixture (EOM), experimental essential oil mixture (EXP), tylosin, and monensin (MON) on performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscesses. A metabolism experiment (Exp. 2) was conducted to evaluate the effects of EOM, EXP, and MON on ruminal fermentation and digestibility in finishing steers. In Exp. 1, 468 yearling steers (398 ± 34 kg initial BW) were used in 50 pens (10 pens/treatment) and received their respective dietary treatments for 115 d. Five dietary treatments were compared in Exp. 1: 1) control, no additives (CON); 2) EOM, …

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Effects Of Sodium Chloride And Fat Supplementation On Finishing Steers Exposed To Hot And Cold Conditions, J. B. Gaughan, Terry L. Mader Jan 2009

Effects Of Sodium Chloride And Fat Supplementation On Finishing Steers Exposed To Hot And Cold Conditions, J. B. Gaughan, Terry L. Mader

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental fat and salt (sodium chloride) on DMI, daily water intake (DWI), body temperature, and respiration rate (RR) in Bos Taurus beef cattle. In Exp. 1 and 2, whole soybeans (SB) were used as the supplemental fat source. In Exp. 3, palm kernel meal and tallow were used. Experiment 1 (winter) and Exp. 2 (summer) were undertaken in an outside feedlot. Experiment 3 was conducted in a climate-controlled facility (mean ambient temperature = 29.9°C). In Exp. 1, three diets, 1) control; 2) salt (control + 1% sodium chloride); and 3) salt-SB …

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Effects Of Feeding Three Types Of Corn-Milling Coproducts On Milk Production And Ruminal Fermentation Of Lactating Holstein Cattle, J. M. Kelzer, Paul J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, L. O. Tedeschi, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson Jan 2009

Effects Of Feeding Three Types Of Corn-Milling Coproducts On Milk Production And Ruminal Fermentation Of Lactating Holstein Cattle, J. M. Kelzer, Paul J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, L. O. Tedeschi, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding 3 corn-milling coproducts on intake, milk production, ruminal fermentation, and digestibility of lactating Holstein cows. In experiment 1, three corn-milling coproducts were fed at 15% of the diet dry matter (DM) to 28 Holstein cows averaging (±SD) 625 ± 81 kg of body weight and 116 ± 33 d in milk to determine effects on DM intake and milk production. In experiment 2, the same rations were fed to 4 ruminally fistulated, multiparous Holstein cows averaging 677 ± 41 kg of body weight and 144 ± 5 d in milk …

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Effect Of Sorting And Optaflexx Supplementation On Feedlot Performance And Profitability Of Long Yearling Steers, W. A. Griffin, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, D. M. Feuz, K. J. Vander Pol, Matthew A. Greenquist Jan 2009

Effect Of Sorting And Optaflexx Supplementation On Feedlot Performance And Profitability Of Long Yearling Steers, W. A. Griffin, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, D. M. Feuz, K. J. Vander Pol, Matthew A. Greenquist

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A 2-yr study was conducted using 200 long yearling steers/yr (436 ± 30 kg) to determine the effect on performance and economics of sorting by BW at feedlot entry and feeding 200 mg/steer of Optaflexx (OPT) daily for the last 28 d. At feedlot entry, steers were allotted into 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: sorted or unsorted with or without OPT. Sorted steers were placed into 1 of 3 groups—1) heavy steers (32%; 468 kg), 2) medium steers (44%; 432 kg), or 3) light steers (24%; 399 kg)—and were fed for 97, 118, or …

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Effects Of Time Of Transporting Prior To Sale Date On Selling Weight Of Weaned Steer Calves, L. M. Kovarik, Matt K. Luebbe, Joshua R. Benton, Galen E. Erickson, Richard J. Rasby Jan 2009

Effects Of Time Of Transporting Prior To Sale Date On Selling Weight Of Weaned Steer Calves, L. M. Kovarik, Matt K. Luebbe, Joshua R. Benton, Galen E. Erickson, Richard J. Rasby

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Eighty-eight crossbred weaned steer calves (250 + 26 kg) were used to evaluate weight loss (shrink) when transported to a mock sale barn on differing days prior to sale. The calves were weaned 14 days and fed free choice grass hay and 0.9 kg of DDGS at UNL’s Dalbey-Halleck Research Unit. Two days before initiation of treatments all calves were fed grass hay ad libitum and initial BW were recorded on two consecutive days. Calves were assigned randomly to treatment as a completely randomized design. On d 2, 1d restricted and 1d ad libitum treatments were transported 150 km to …

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Multi-Tissue Coexpression Networks Reveal Unexpected Subnetworks Associated With Disease, Radu Dobrin, Jun Zhu, Cliona Molony, Carmen Argman, Mark L. Parish, Sonia Carlson, Mark F. Allan, Daniel Pomp, Eric E. Schadt Jan 2009

Multi-Tissue Coexpression Networks Reveal Unexpected Subnetworks Associated With Disease, Radu Dobrin, Jun Zhu, Cliona Molony, Carmen Argman, Mark L. Parish, Sonia Carlson, Mark F. Allan, Daniel Pomp, Eric E. Schadt

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Background: Obesity is a particularly complex disease that at least partially involves genetic and environmental perturbations to gene-networks connecting the hypothalamus and several metabolic tissues, resulting in an energy imbalance at the systems level.

Results: To provide an inter-tissue view of obesity with respect to molecular states that are associated with physiological states, we developed a framework for constructing tissue-to-tissue coexpression networks between genes in the hypothalamus, liver or adipose tissue. These networks have a scale-free architecture and are strikingly independent of gene-gene coexpression networks that are constructed from more standard analyses of single tissues. This is the first systematic …

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Additional Files For “Multi-Tissue Coexpression Networks Reveal Unexpected Subnetworks Associated With Disease”, Radu Dobrin, Jun Zhu, Cliona Molony, Carmen Argman, Mark L. Parrish, Sonia Carlson, Mark F. Allan, Daniel Pomp, Eric E. Schadt Jan 2009

Additional Files For “Multi-Tissue Coexpression Networks Reveal Unexpected Subnetworks Associated With Disease”, Radu Dobrin, Jun Zhu, Cliona Molony, Carmen Argman, Mark L. Parrish, Sonia Carlson, Mark F. Allan, Daniel Pomp, Eric E. Schadt

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Figure S1 shows the connectivity distribution P(k) for GGC networks. Figure S2 shows FDR curves for each tissue in the analysis. Figure S3 shows modules in single tissue GGC networks as detected by the algorithm. Each cluster is marked by the yellow rectangles. Figure S4 shows single tissue module enrichment. Each panel has the following structure: top, P-values from FET for cis-eQTL blue bars over- and red bars under-enriched; middle, percentage overlap between module and genes with cis-eQTL; bottom, percentage overlap between each module and genes on each chromosome. The scale is between green and black where green represents 0% …

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Evaluation Of Antral Follicle Count And Ovarian Morphology In Crossbred Beef Cows: Investigation Of Influence Of Stage Of The Estrous Cycle, Age, And Birth Weight, R. A. Cushman, M. F. Allan, Larry A. Kuehn, W. M. Snelling, Andrea S. Cupp, H. C. Freetly Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Antral Follicle Count And Ovarian Morphology In Crossbred Beef Cows: Investigation Of Influence Of Stage Of The Estrous Cycle, Age, And Birth Weight, R. A. Cushman, M. F. Allan, Larry A. Kuehn, W. M. Snelling, Andrea S. Cupp, H. C. Freetly

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Depletion of the ovarian reserve is associated with reproductive senescence in mammalian females, and there is a positive relationship between the size of the ovarian reserve and the number of antral follicles on the surface of the ovary. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the influence of stage of the estrous cycle, age, and birth weight on antral follicle counts (AFC) in beef cows and heifers. Pairs of ovaries were collected from crossbred beef cows at slaughter (n = 72) or at necropsy (n = 333; 0 to 11 yr of age); all visible antral follicles were …

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Evaluation Of Antral Follicle Count And Ovarian Morphology In Crossbred Beef Cows: Investigation Of Influence Of Stage Of The Estrous Cycle, Age, And Birth Weight, R. A. Cushman, M. F. Allan, L. A. Kuehn, W. M. Snelling, Andrea S. Cupp, H. C. Freetly Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Antral Follicle Count And Ovarian Morphology In Crossbred Beef Cows: Investigation Of Influence Of Stage Of The Estrous Cycle, Age, And Birth Weight, R. A. Cushman, M. F. Allan, L. A. Kuehn, W. M. Snelling, Andrea S. Cupp, H. C. Freetly

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Depletion of the ovarian reserve is associated with reproductive senescence in mammalian females, and there is a positive relationship between the size of the ovarian reserve and the number of antral follicles on the surface of the ovary. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the influence of stage of the estrous cycle, age, and birth weight on antral follicle counts (AFC) in beef cows and heifers. Pairs of ovaries were collected from crossbred beef cows at slaughter (n = 72) or at necropsy (n = 333; 0 to 11 yr of age); all visible antral follicles were …

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Evaluation Of Revalor-Ih And Revalor-Is As Initial Implants Compared With Traditional Initial Implants For Finishing Heifers And Steers, J. D. Folmer, T. B. Farran, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, C. D. Reinhardt, B. D. Dicke, J. S. Drouillard, M. N. Streeter, J. T. Vasconcelos Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Revalor-Ih And Revalor-Is As Initial Implants Compared With Traditional Initial Implants For Finishing Heifers And Steers, J. D. Folmer, T. B. Farran, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, C. D. Reinhardt, B. D. Dicke, J. S. Drouillard, M. N. Streeter, J. T. Vasconcelos

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two commercial feedlot experiments were conducted to compare performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot heifers and steers using 2 implant strategies. In Exp. 1, heifers (n = 1,124; initial BW = 279 ± 5 kg) were administered either Revalor-IH [Intervet/ Schering Plough Animal Health, DeSoto, KS; 8 mg of estradiol (E2) and 80 mg of trenbolone acetate (TA)] or Synovex-H (Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, KS; 20 mg of estradiol benzoate and 200 mg of testosterone propionate) at initial processing, with both treatment groups receiving Revalor-200 (20 mg E2 and 200 mg TA) as the common terminal implant 81 …

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Effects Of Ractopamine (Optaflexx) Fed In Combination With Melengestrol Acetate On Feedlot Heifer Performance, W. A. Griffin, G. E. Erickson, B. D. Dicke, T. J. Klopfenstein, R. J. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, R. S. Swingle, W. M. Moseley, G. E. Sides, D. J. Weigel Jan 2009

Effects Of Ractopamine (Optaflexx) Fed In Combination With Melengestrol Acetate On Feedlot Heifer Performance, W. A. Griffin, G. E. Erickson, B. D. Dicke, T. J. Klopfenstein, R. J. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, R. S. Swingle, W. M. Moseley, G. E. Sides, D. J. Weigel

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two commercial feedlot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding melengestrol acetate (MGA) or MGA plus ractopamine (MGA+OPT) on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing heifers. In Nebraska (Exp. 1), 1,807 heifers (337.3 ± 20.0 kg) and in Texas (Exp. 2), 1,964 heifers (331.5 ± 6.1 kg) were fed 0.4 mg of MGA daily. For heifers fed MGA+OPT, 200 mg of ractopamine was fed daily the last 29 (Exp. 2) or 36 d (Exp. 1). Live and carcass-adjusted performance data were collected. On a carcass-adjusted basis, G:F for the entire feeding period was improved (P < 0.01) by 1.7 and 3.7% in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively, for heifers fed MGA+OPT compared with MGA. For the last 29 to 36 d, G:F was increased (P < 0.02) by 8.1% (Exp. 1) or 27.2% (Exp. 2) on a carcass-adjusted basis for heifers fed MGA+OPT compared with MGA. Fat thickness, USDA YG, marbling score, LM area, and percentage USDA Choice were not different (P > 0.47) between …

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The Relationship Between Acid Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen And Nitrogen Digestibility In Lactating Dairy Cattle, K. J. Machacek, P. J. Kononoff Jan 2009

The Relationship Between Acid Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen And Nitrogen Digestibility In Lactating Dairy Cattle, K. J. Machacek, P. J. Kononoff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Five trials (19 treatments) conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) on lactating dairy cattle were analyzed to determine how the concentration of ADIN in the ration affects total tract N digestibility. Additionally, 6 published studies (13 treatments) were included to expand the data set. Results from the UNL trials showed that as the concentration of ADIN in the ration increased, the digestibility of ADIN also increased. However, the relationship was poor (r2 = 0.29). To account for random effects among trials, a meta-analysis was conducted. In the UNL trials, as the ration concentration of ADIN increased, total tract …

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Influence Of Distillers Dried Grain Supplementation Frequency On Forage Digestibility And Growth Performance Of Beef Cattle, L. A. Stalker, D. C. Adams, T. J. Klopfenstein Jan 2009

Influence Of Distillers Dried Grain Supplementation Frequency On Forage Digestibility And Growth Performance Of Beef Cattle, L. A. Stalker, D. C. Adams, T. J. Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments evaluated the influence of supplementation frequency of distillers dried grains plus solubles (DDGS) on forage digestibility (Exp. 1) and growth of yearling heifers (Exp. 2) and steers (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1, 6 steers (371 ± 30 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with three 21-d periods. Treatments were DDGS fed at 16.7% of the diet (DM) either 1) daily, 2) every other day, or 3) every third day. In Exp. 2, 48 heifers (193 ± 20 kg) were fed hay and supplemented with the daily equivalent of 1.3 kg/ heifer of …

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Age And Diet Affect Gene Expression Profile In Canine Skeletal Muscle, Ingmar S. Middelbos, Brittany M. Vester, Lisa K. Karr-Lilienthal, Lawrence B. Schook, Kelly S. Swanson Jan 2009

Age And Diet Affect Gene Expression Profile In Canine Skeletal Muscle, Ingmar S. Middelbos, Brittany M. Vester, Lisa K. Karr-Lilienthal, Lawrence B. Schook, Kelly S. Swanson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We evaluated gene transcription in canine skeletal muscle (biceps femoris) using microarray analysis to identify effects of age and diet on gene expression. Twelve female beagles were used (six 1-year olds and six 12-year olds) and they were fed one of two experimental diets for 12 months. One diet contained primarily plant-based protein sources (PPB), whereas the second diet contained primarily animal-based protein sources (APB). Affymetrix GeneChip Canine Genome Arrays were used to hybridize extracted RNA. Age had the greatest effect on gene transcription (262 differentially expressed genes), whereas the effect of diet was relatively small (22 differentially expressed genes). …

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Performance And Digestibility Characteristics Of Finishing Diets Containing Distillers Grains, Composites Of Corn Processing Coproducts, Or Supplemental Corn Oil, K. J. Vander Pol, Matt K. Luebbe, G. I. Crawford, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2009

Performance And Digestibility Characteristics Of Finishing Diets Containing Distillers Grains, Composites Of Corn Processing Coproducts, Or Supplemental Corn Oil, K. J. Vander Pol, Matt K. Luebbe, G. I. Crawford, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments evaluated the lipids in distillers grains plus solubles compared with corn or other sources of lipid in finishing diets. Experiment 1 utilized 60 individually fed yearling heifers (349 ± 34 kg) fed treatments consisting of 0, 20, or 40% (DM basis) wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS), or 0, 2.5, or 5.0% (DM basis) corn oil in a finishing diet based on high-moisture corn (HMC) and dry-rolled corn (DRC). Cattle fed 20 and 40% WDGS had greater (P < 0.10) G:F than cattle fed 0% WDGS. Cattle fed the 5.0% corn oil had lower overall performance than cattle fed the other diets. Results from Exp. 1 indicated that adding fat from WDGS improves performance, whereas supplementing 5.0% corn oil depressed G:F, suggesting that the fat within WDGS is different than corn oil. Experiment 2 used 234 yearling steers (352 ± 16 kg) fed 1 of 5 treatments consisting of 20 or 40% (DM basis) dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS), 1.3% or 2.6% (DM basis) tallow, or HMC. All diets contained 20% (DM basis) wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) as a method of controlling acidosis. No differences between treatments for any performance parameters were observed in Exp. 2. The DDGS may be similar to tallow and HMC in finishing diets containing 20% WCGF. Experiment 3 used 5 Holstein steers equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulas in a 5x5 Latin square design. Treatments were a 40% WDGS diet, 2 composites, one consisting of corn bran and corn gluten meal (COMP), and one consisting of corn bran, corn gluten meal, and corn oil (COMP + OIL), and 2 DRC-based diets supplemented with corn oil (CON + OIL) or not (CON). Cattle fed the WDGS diet had numerically lower rumen pH compared with cattle fed other treatments. Cattle fed WDGS had greater (P < 0.10) molar proportions of propionate, lower (P < 0.10) acetate:propionate ratios, greater (P < 0.10) total tract fat digestion, and a greater (P < 0.10) proportion of unsaturated fatty acids reaching the duodenum than cattle fed other treatments. Therefore, the higher energy value of WDGS compared with corn may be due to more propionate production, higher fat digestibility, and more unsaturated fatty acids reaching the duodenum.

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 10 2009, Several Authors Jan 2009

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 10 2009, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Association Of Polymorphisms In The Intron 1 Of Duck Prolactin With Egg Performance, Hui Fang Li, Wen Qi Zhu, Kuan Wei Chen, Tang Jie Zhang, Wei Tao Song Jan 2009

Association Of Polymorphisms In The Intron 1 Of Duck Prolactin With Egg Performance, Hui Fang Li, Wen Qi Zhu, Kuan Wei Chen, Tang Jie Zhang, Wei Tao Song

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Gaoyou duck (Chinese indigenous breed) is famous for double-yolked egg. In the present study, SNP of prolactin (PRL) gene intron 1 of Gaoyou duck was detected by PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing. The results indicated that there were 2 Dra I recognition sites in intron 1 of the PRL gene, but only 1 was of polymorphism. A T/C mutation at the position of the 1326 bp of the PRL gene was found by DNA sequencing, and resulted in 3 genotypes AA, AB, and BB. The frequencies of genotype BB and allele B were the highest. The association analysis between the polymorphism …

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Fattening Costs Of Beef Breeds Reared Under Controlled Conditions And The Determination Of Optimum Fattening Period, Ahmet Şahi̇n, Bülent Mi̇ran, İbrahi̇m Yildirim, Alper Önenç, Ahmet Alçi̇çek Jan 2009

Fattening Costs Of Beef Breeds Reared Under Controlled Conditions And The Determination Of Optimum Fattening Period, Ahmet Şahi̇n, Bülent Mi̇ran, İbrahi̇m Yildirim, Alper Önenç, Ahmet Alçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The primary purpose of this study was to calculate the fattening costs of different cattle breeds reared under controlled conditions and to determine the optimal fattening period that will maximize the net profit. The data were from 21 bullocks consisting of 7 Holstein, 7 Piedmont × Holstein, and 7 Limousin × Holstein cross-breed cattle reared and fattened in the closed tie-stall experiment barns of the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey. The data used for the analysis were from the year 1999, but were updated for 2007. The fattening period lasted 280 days, after a rearing period of 195 days. The …

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Effects Of Lighting Schedule And Ascorbic Acid On Performance And Tibiotarsus Bone Characteristics In Broilers, Hüseyi̇n Yildiz, Meti̇n Petek, Gürsel Sönmez, İlker Arican, Bestami̇ Yilmaz Jan 2009

Effects Of Lighting Schedule And Ascorbic Acid On Performance And Tibiotarsus Bone Characteristics In Broilers, Hüseyi̇n Yildiz, Meti̇n Petek, Gürsel Sönmez, İlker Arican, Bestami̇ Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the effects of 2 lighting programs (continuous: 24 h light:0 h dark; intermittent: 12 h daylight followed by 3 cycles of 1 h light, and then 3 h dark during the night) and 3 ascorbic acid supplementations (0, 200, and 400 mg/L added to water) on broiler performance, bone characteristics, and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia. One-day-old male commercial (Ross PM_3) broiler chicks (600) were divided into 6 treatment groups (2 × 3) with random replicates (4 replicates per treatment). At the end of 6 weeks data revealed that the lighting program, which was …

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