Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Hcg Given On Day 12 Post-Mating On Ovarian Function And Embryo Survival In Beetal Goats In Southern Punjab, Pakistan, Mushtaq H. Lashari, Zahida Tasawar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin on ovarian function and embryo development of Beetal goats reared under traditional conditions at the Sheep and Goat Research Station, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Fourteen Beetal goats at 4 years of age, weighing 40 ± 0.41 kg (mean ± SEM) were used. Their daily food was hay, green fodder, tree loppings, and 250 g of additional rations per goat. These goats were mated to buck at synchronized estrus by 2 i/m injections of dalmazin, given at 11-day intervals. These animals were divided into 2 equal groups (7/group) …

The Prevalence Of Loser Cows In Extensive Breeding Systems In Transylvania, Silvana Popescu, Cristin Borda, Dana C. Sandru, Cristina I. Hegedus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The loser cow concept was introduced in scientific literature in 2005, by the Danish researcher Thomsen, referring to the cow 'unable to keep up with the rest of the herd'. Since in Transylvania (Romania) the great majority of cattle are kept in extensive breeding systems, in small and middle sized farms, the purpose of the present study was to establish the prevalence of loser cows in such systems. The identification of loser cows was done based on a clinical protocol including 7 clinical signs, from which the loser cow score was calculated. Seven hundred and sixty nine cows in 123 …

Potential Future Applications Of Spermatheca Extract From The Marine Snail Telescopium Telescopium, S. Roy, U. Datta, Debaki Ghosh, Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, Prasenjit Mukherjee, Uttio Roychowdhury

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cytosol fraction of spermatheca and/or the ovotestis gland from the marine snail Telescopium telescopium was found to have antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifertility, and immunomodulation properties. The present experiment was conducted to explore the biochemical nature, composition, and pharmacological properties of the cytosol fraction along with its toxicity on the hematopoietic system in vivo. This glandular extract was analyzed and found to contain enzymes, hormones, minerals, vitamins, and other biologically active components like higher vertebrates. The present study showed that the extract was able to restrict the induced tumor (sarcoma-180) growth in mice concomitantly with an increased life span of the tumor …

Several Congenital Abnormalities In A Neonate Of A Mixed Mehraban Sheep, Arash Esfandiari, Asghar Dehghan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 3-year-old mixed Mehraban sheep, in second parturition, was brought to Kazerun Veterinary School with signs of dystocia. The neonate had 2 separate heads with a common neck (dicephalus). Anal atresia, meningomyelocele, arachnomelia, and spina bifida were found in the neonate. In addition, it had 2 esophagi, but they became united after the esophageal hiatus. The tongue and larynx in each head were normal. It had 2 tracheas and 2 lungs with each trachea entering a separate lung. The lungs had many lobes. The heart had compensatory hypertrophy and had 2 pulmonary trunks. The abdomen and other body systems were …

Light Whole Genome Sequence For Snp Discovery Across Domestic Cat Breeds, James C. Mullikin, Nancy F. Hansen, Lei Shen, Heather Ebling, William F. Donahue, Wei Tao, David J. Saranga, Adrianne Brand, Marc J. Rubenfield, Alice C. Young, Pedro Cruz, Carlos Driscoll, Victor David, Samer W. K. Al-Murrani, Mary F. Locniskar, Mitchell S. Abrahamsen, Stephen J. O'Brien, Douglas R. Smith, Jeffrey A. Brockman

Biology Faculty Articles

Background

The domestic cat has offered enormous genomic potential in the veterinary description of over 250 hereditary disease models as well as the occurrence of several deadly feline viruses (feline leukemia virus -- FeLV, feline coronavirus -- FECV, feline immunodeficiency virus - FIV) that are homologues to human scourges (cancer, SARS, and AIDS respectively). However, to realize this bio-medical potential, a high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map is required in order to accomplish disease and phenotype association discovery.

Description

To remedy this, we generated 3,178,297 paired fosmid-end Sanger sequence reads from seven cats, and combined these data with the …

Movements, Habitat Selection, Associations, And Survival Of Giant Canada Goose Broods In Central Tennessee, Eric M. Dunton, Daniel L. Combs

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The brood-rearing period in giant Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima) is one of the least-studied areas of goose ecology. We monitored 32 broods in Putnam County, Tennessee, from the time of hatching through fledging (i.e., when the goslings gained the ability to fly) and from fledging until broods left the brood-rearing areas during the spring and summer of 2003. We conducted a fixed-kernel, home-range analysis for each brood using the Animal Movement Extension in ArcView® 3.3 GIS (ESRI, Redlands, Calif.) software and calculated 95% and 50% utilization distributions (UD) for each brood. We classified 25 broods as sedentary …

Comparative Growth And Yield Of Channel Catfish And Channel X Blue Hybrid Catfish Fed A Full Or Restricted Ration, Bartholomew W. Green, Steven Rawles

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Growth and yield (kg/ha^-1) of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque, 1818) and the channel x blue hybrid catfish [I. punctatus female x I. furcatus (Lesueur,1840) male], which shared the Jubilee strain of channel catfish as the maternal parent, were compared in sixteen 0.1 ha earthen ponds (14,852 fish/ha^-1) during the April to November growing season. Each fish genetic group was fed a commercially formulated 32% protein feed daily to apparent satiation or at 80% of the mean daily satiation ration. Net yield and individual weight were higher for channel x …

Prevalence Of Post Parturient Haemoglobinuria In Buffalo And Therapeutic Trials With Toldimfos Sodium And Tea Leaves In Pakistan, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Nadeem Kamal, Abdul Rauf Shakoori, Rana Muhammad Younus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of post parturient haemoglobinuria in buffaloes, and to compare the therapeutic efficacy of toldimfos sodium, sodium acid phosphate, and tea leaves. The prevalence of disease in 1000 animals, grouped according to varying stages of lactation and pregnancy, was recorded. Screening of positive animals based on clinical signs of haemoglobinuria, anaemia, and moderate pyrexia was performed. Urine and blood samples were collected. Blood samples were processed for haematological parameters and biochemical profile. Blood films were made and stained. The animals that were positive for disease were treated with sodium acid phosphate, …

Migration Of Northern Yellowstone Elk: Implications Of Spatial Structuring, P. J. White, Kelly M. Proffitt, L. David Mech, Shaney B. Evans, Julie A. Cunningham, Kenneth L. Hamlin

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Migration can enhance survival and recruitment of mammals by increasing access to higher-quality forage or reducing predation risk, or both. We used telemetry locations collected from 140 adult female elk during 2000– 2003 and 2007–2008 to identify factors influencing the migration of northern Yellowstone elk. Elk wintered in 2 semidistinct herd segments and migrated 10–140 km to at least 12 summer areas in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) and nearby areas of Montana. Spring migrations were delayed after winters with increased snow pack, with earlier migration in years with earlier vegetation green-up. Elk wintering at lower elevations outside YNP migrated an …

Proportion Of Calves And Adult Muskoxen, Ovibos Moschatus Killed By Gray Wolves, Canis Lupus, In July On Ellesmere Island, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Generally Gray Wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) tend to focus predation on young-of-the-year ungulates during summer, and I hypothesized that wolves preying on Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus Zimmerman, 1780) in summer would follow that trend. Over 23 July periods observing wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, I found that packs of 2-12 adult wolves killed seven calves, one yearling, and five adult muskoxen at distances of 2.9 to 32 km from their current dens and pups. Given a possible bias against finding calves because of their fewer remains, these results do not necessarily refute the hypothesis, but they do …

Relative Habitat- And Browse-Use Of Native Desert Mule Deer And Exotic Oryx In The Greater San Andres Mountains, New Mexico, Brock D. Hoenes, Louis C. Bender

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Introduced oryx (Oryx gazella gazella) have expanded into the San Andres Mountains of south-central New Mexico, but little is known of concurrent habitat used by oryx and desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus crooki); the latter in New Mexico is a species of special concern that has declined significantly since the introduction of oryx. We used fecal-pellet and browse surveys in combination with presence modeling to identify differences in relative use of habitat types, distribution, and browsing of highly palatable, highly preferred (hereafter, key) plant species during 2004 to 2006 to assess the potential for direct competition …

European Starling Preferences For Bait Substrates Used In Drc-1339 Applications, H. Jeffrey Homan, George M. Linz, Scott Beckerman, Anthony G. Duffiney, Thomas D. Halstead

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Additional bait substrates for the avicide, DRC-1339 Concentrate (3-chloro-4- methylaniline hydrochloride), could provide USDA/Wildlife Services with more fl exibility when managing nuisance populations of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) at livestock facilities. From January 11 to 21, 2008, we conducted 11 2-choice preference tests with 6 bait types at a feedlot in central Kansas. The baits included cracked corn mixed with lard (2 concentrations), 2 forms of distiller’s grain (wet powder and pellets), 2 types of livestock feed (calf-starter pellet and sweet-feed mix), and a custom-produced poultry pellet (carrier pellet) made by USDA specifically for baiting starlings. We evaluated …

Effects Of Waterfowl Hunting On Raccoon Movements, Shandra Nicole Frey, Michael R. Conover

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Nontarget wildlife may react to hunters with avoidance, ambivalence, or attraction, depending upon the frequency of contact and the consequences of past contacts. We studied raccoons (Procyon lotor) located within the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah, before and during waterfowl hunting seasons to assess changes in the size of their distributions, locations, and travel distances. Raccoon distribution size did not change with the onset of hunting. Once hunting began, raccoons were located more frequently in areas with lower densities of hunters and less frequently in areas with higher densities of hunters. Raccoons also responded to the presence …

Visitation To Cottonseed Storage Sites By Feral Swine And Evidence Of Gossypol Exposure, Tyler A. Campbell, Sarah L. Bullock, David B. Long, David G. Hewitt, Michael K. Dowd

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

Fate Of Captive-Reared And Released Mallards On Eastern Long Island, New York, Carrie E. Osborne, Bryan L. Swift, Guy A. Baldassarre

Human–Wildlife Interactions

We studied captive-reared mallards (Anas platyrhynchos; CRMs) released on eastern Long Island, New York, in 2006 to 2007 and 2007 to 2008 to determine: (1) survival rates of CRMs; (2) contribution to hunter harvest; (3) local movements; and (4) pair status, reproductive behavior, and production of CRMs. We banded and released 100 CRMs in November 2006 of which 20 were radio-marked. In November 2007, we banded and released 299 CRMs of which 60 were radio-marked. We used Program MARK to determine weekly survival estimates (0.53 to 1.00) up to 24 weeks after release; cumulative survival from November to …

Evaluation Of Rhodamine B As A Biomarker For Raccoons, Tricia L. Fry, Todd Atwood, Mike R. Dunbar

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services (WS) oral rabies vaccination program uses tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic and relatively reliable biomarker, to quantify vaccinebait uptake by raccoons (Procyon lotor). However, obtaining samples (e.g., bone or teeth) to assess tetracycline uptake is highly invasive, and sample preparation can be expensive. By contrast, rhodamine B, a commercially available dye, is absorbed systemically in growing tissues, including hair and whiskers, and can be observed under ultraviolet (UV) light as fluorescent orange bands. Our goal was to evaluate whether rhodamine B can be used as a biomarker to monitor bait uptake by raccoons. We began by …

Refinement Of Biomarker Pentosidine Methodology For Use On Aging Birds, Crissa K. Cooey, Jesse A. Fallon, Michael L. Avery, James T. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Falkenstein, Hillar Klandorf

Human–Wildlife Interactions

There is no reliable method for determining age for most species of long-lived birds. Recent success using the skin chemical pentosidine as a biomarker has shown promise as an aging tool for birds. Pentosidine levels have been determined only from the breast tissue of carcasses, and we sought to refine the procedure with respect to biopsy size and location for safe and effective use on living birds. We compared pentosidine concentrations in 4 skin-size samples (4, 6, 8, and 20-mm diameter biopsies) from the breast of black vulture (Coragyps atratus) carcasses. We also compared pentosidine levels from breast …

5th International Galliformes Symposium (November 7-10, 2010 : Chiang Mai, Thailand): Abstract Book, Tommaso Savini, Simon D. Dowell

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

Conserving Galliformes: What we need to do, Philip J. K. McGowan

The Galliformes Specialist Group, Peter J. Garson and Ilse Storch

Session 1: Conservation in Thailand, Chair: Tommaso Savini

Wildlife conservation status in Thailand: The elephant's case study, Mattana Srikrajang

The Galliformes studies and research problems in Thailand, Wina Meckvichai

Session 2: Galliformes Research and Conservation in Thailand, Chair: Wina Meckvichai

Ranging ecology of Siamese fireback (Lophura diardi) in submontane forest, Niti Sukumal, George A. Gale, and Tommaso Savini

Nesting behaviour and nest site selection of scaly-breasted partridge in Mo Singto Research Plot, Thailand, Tiwa Ong-in, George Gale, …

Determination Of Optimal Dose Of Egf For Bovine Oocyte Maturation And Subsequent In Vitro Fertilization And Culture In Two Media, Ayhan Baştan, Bülent Polat, Duygu Baki̇ Acar, Ömer Korkmaz, Armağan Çolak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal dose of EGF on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes and to investigate the effect of different IVF and IVC media on development of bovine embryos matured with EGF. Oocytes collected from a slaughterhouse were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group of oocytes was incubated with different doses of EGF (Control: 0 ng/mL, Group 1: 1 ng/mL, Group 2: 10 ng/mL, and Group 3: 100 ng/mL) for 24 h to determine the optimal dose. Matured oocytes were fertilized with frozen-thawed bull sperm by using the swim-up method. The oocytes …

Comparative Efficacy Of Seven Brands Of Albendazole Against Naturally Acquired Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Sheep In Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia, Bersissa Kumsa, Adugna Tolera, Ajebu Nurfeta

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 7 brands of albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep in southern Ethiopia. The study included 120 local breed male sheep purchased in Hawassa. The sheep were divided into 8 groups of 15 animals each. Group 1 served as the untreated control, whereas groups 2-8 were treated with ABZ1, ABZ2, ABZ3, ABZ4, ABZ5, ABZ6, and ABZ7, respectively. Fecal samples were collected before treatment on day 0, and again on post-treatment day 12. The efficacy of all 7 brands of albendazole was determined on post-treatment day 12 based on the fecal egg …

Prevalence And Antimicrobial Resistance Of Salmonella Serovars Isolated From Poultry Meat In Hyderabad, Pakistan, Aijaz Hussain Soomro, Muhammad Khaskheli, Muhammad Bachal Bhutto, Ghiasuddin Shah, Azizullah Memon, Parkash Dewani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in broiler chicken meat sold in Hyderabad, Pakistan. A total of 100 samples were randomly collected from poultry meat retail markets and examined for the presence of Salmonella. The prevalence rate recorded was 38%. The most prevalent serogroups were S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. pullorum, and S. typhimurium. All the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, and sensitivity to tetracycline, streptomycin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. The findings highlighted the magnitude of Salmonella contamination in chicken meat sold in the city, and the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella …

Commentary Euthanasia Methods In Field Settings For Wildlife Damage Management, Timothy J. Julien, Stephen M. Vantassel, Scott R. Groepper, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Varying Levels Of Cottonseed Hulls On Growth And Metabolic Indications Of Rumen Development Of Dairy Calves, Ryan Doescher

LSU Master's Theses

A study was conducted to determine the effects of varying levels of cottonseed hulls on growth and metabolic indications of rumen development of dairy calves. Sixty-four Holstein calves (Heifers, n=40; Bulls, n=24) were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments which included calf starters containing no cottonseed hulls (control; C), 10% cottonseed hulls (10% CSH), 15% cottonseed hulls (15% CSH), or 20% cottonseed hulls (20% CSH). Calves were fed their respective treatments beginning on day 6 until day 56 of age. Body weights were measured at birth and biweekly thereafter until day 56 of age. Wither and hip heights …

Carbohydrate Sources And Maximizing The Use Of Supplemental Amino Acids In Diets For Weanling Pigs, Victor D. Naranjo

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The objectives of this research were 1) to determine the effect of replacing dried whey (DW) with milk chocolate product (MCP), dried whey permeate (DWP) with candy oats (CO), and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP) with a novel swine nutritional supplement (SNS) on growth performance of weanling pigs, and 2) to determine the maximum level of supplemental L-Lys, along with DL-Met, L-Thr, and L-Trp that can be added in diets for 6- to 12 and 13- to 23-kg pigs. Three experiments were conducted to compare the feeding value of MCP (20% lactose and 60% sugars) and DW (70% lactose). Results from …

Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Feed Pellets For Controlling Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection In Ewes And Lambs, Sarah Tammy Nicole Orlik

LSU Master's Theses

Gastrointestinal nematode parasites cause extensive damage to small ruminants, and Haemonchus contortus is a major concern to production. In the past, small ruminants were dewormed at regular intervals and control methods were based primarily on the use of anthelmintics. At present, anthelmintic resistance has been reported worldwide and has developed into a serious problem for small ruminant management programs. In view of this, alternate control methods are needed. One alternative method is the use of copper oxide wire particles (COWP). Three independent trials were conducted during Spring, Summer, and Fall of 2008. Two trials evaluated the effect of COWP in …

Pregnancy Rates In Beef Cattle Artifically Inseminated With Frozen-Thawed Aged Beef Semen, David Barry Carwell

LSU Master's Theses

The duration of frozen semen storage had no effect on pregnancy rates (60%, 61% and 61%, respectively) in Angus females inseminated with semen from 25 Angus bulls from Time Frames 1 (1960-1975), 2 (1976-1991) and 3 (1992-2006). Pregnancy rates were not different for beef females inseminated with semen from Time Frames 1, 2 and 3 (55%, 62% and 55%, respectively). There were no differences for total and progressive sperm motility across Time Frames 1 (42% and 29%), Time Frame 2 (51% and 38%) and Time Frame 3 (55% and 41%) and percentage of normal and abnormal sperm from bulls in …

Effects Of Serum Addition To Culture Medium On Gene Expression In Day-7 And Day-14 Bovine Embryos, Jaime Manuel Angulo Campos

LSU Master's Theses

The addition of serum to embryo culture media may alter gene expression and trigger development of Large Offspring Syndrome. The objectives of this study were to determine gene expression levels in embryos cultured in the absence or presence of 5% calf serum and compare these expression patterns to in vivo derived embryos (IVD), and to determine the effects of serum on the length of day-14 embryos. Abattoir derived oocytes were fertilized and cultured in mSOFaa. At 72 hours post-insemination (hpi), embryos were randomly allocated into two treatments: mSOFaa without and with 5% calf serum. Embryos were then cultured to 168 …

Effects Of Meal Timing On Anabolic Hormone Status And Energy Metabolism In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Katherine Claire Simon

LSU Master's Theses

Twelve neonatal Holstein bull calves (38.52 ± 5.87 kg) were fed milk replacer at a fixed or varied meal time to determine the effects on metabolic hormone secretion, average daily intake, growth, and energy metabolism. Body weights were measured every two weeks from birth to 8 weeks. Rumen fluid was collected every two weeks from week 2 through 8. Serial blood collections were conducted every two weeks from week 2 through 8. Blood was collected, beginning at 0530, at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, and 150 minutes. Plasma was analyzed for ghrelin, leptin, growth hormone …

Effect Of Channel Catfish Stocking Rate On Yield And Water Quality In An Intensive, Mixed Suspended-Growth Production System, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to determine the effect of stocking rate on yield of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and water quality in a mixed suspended-growth (biofloc) production system with zero water exchange. Channel catfish (National Warmwater Aquaculture Center 103 strain; average fish weight -- 13 g) were stocked into nine 35-m² tanks (28 m³/tank) at a rate of 2.9, 5.7, or 8.5 fish/m² for a 238-d grow-out period. One 1.865-kW blower for every three tanks supplied air continuously through a diffuser grid (constructed of 2.5-cm-diameter polyvinyl chloride pipe) on the bottom of each tank. Well water …

Ecophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Aspen To Conifer Succession, William J. Calder

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis includes three studies. The first study examined how reductions in light availability and changes in soil chemistry that occur as conifers establish in aspen stands, differentially affects the regeneration success of aspen and conifers. We found that aspen were more sensitive to changes in light and soil then subalpine fir. For aspen, reduced light and conifer influenced soils significantly reduced height, biomass, photosynthesis and the production of secondary defense compounds. Subalpine fir seedlings were significantly reduced in photosynthesis, biomass and R:S under lower light conditions but showed no differences in physiology or growth when grown on the contrasting …