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The Effect Of Dietary Protein Level On The Growth Performance And Digestive Protease Activity In Juvenile Bluegill (Lepomis Macrochrius), Yongfang Zhang, Gregory A. Dudenhoeffer, Thomas R. Omara-Alawla

Cooperative Extension Research Publications

A 16-week feeding experiment was conducting in an indoor recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) to determine the effects of dietary protein level on the growth and digestive protease activity in juvenile bluegills. Six isocaloric experimental diets were forumalted with 32%, 35%, 38%, 41%, 44%, and 47% levels of protein. Menhdaen fish meal was use as the sole protein source. Juvenile bluegills of 24.91 ± 0.50 g initial weight were distributed into 24 151 L tanks with 12 fish each. Each diet had four replications. Fish were fed to satiation three times a day by hand. At the termination, there no mortalities …

Relative Growth Of Carcass Tissues Of Goat Kids From Five Breed Types Finished On Pasture Or Feedlot, Raquel Vasconcelos Lourençon, Heraldo Cesar Gonçalves, Paulo Roberto De Lima Meirelles, Richard Browning Jr., Maria Lenira Leite-Browning, Andréia Cristina Toniolo Chávari, Raquel Ornelas Marques, Gil Ignacio Lara Canizares, Natalia Santos Leal, Helen Fernanda Barros Gomes

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

he aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cross breeding, finishing system, and gender on the relative growth of carcass tissues of dairy kids. Seventy eight kids (39 male and 39 female) from five breed types were used: Alpine; ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA); ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA); ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA); and ½ Nubian + ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine (TC). Kids were distributed into two finishing systems: in pasture with doe (FS1) and weaned in feedlot (FS2). Kids were slaughtered at a mean age of 128.4 ± …

Effects Of Dietary Selenium Nanoparticles On Physiological Andbiochemical Aspects Of Juvenile Tor Putitora, Kifayat Ullah Khan, Amina Zuberi, Samina Nazir, João Batista Kochenborger Fernandes, Zeenat Jamil, Huda Sarwar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on physiological and biochemical aspects of juvenile mahseer (Tor putitora) fish. Maintaining a 40% protein level, 2 different experimental diets supplemented with 0% Se-NPs and 0.68 Se-NPs mg kg-1 were fed to triplicate groups of fish. The experiment was conducted in a semistatic condition consisting of 6 fiber tanks. The fish were first acclimatized, and then 30 fish per tank were randomly put into each fiber tank. At the end of the feeding trial, samples were collected from the fish and analyzed. Results …

Mandibular Morphology And Dietary Preferences In Two Pygmy Molecrickets Of The Genus Xya (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae), Katerina Kuravova, Petr Kocarek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Pygmy mole crickets (Tridactylidae) are an interesting but little-known group of Orthoptera; their food biology and dietary preferences have not been adequately studied. Our study focused on the diet composition and associated functional morphology of the mandibles in two European species: Xya pfaendleri Harz, 1970 and X. variegata (Latreille, 1809). Based on postmortem gut content analyses, the studied species feed mainly on detritus (decaying organic particles), representing 91% and 97% of the diet in X. pfaendleri and X. variegata, respectively. The mandibular structures are associated with the processing of such food. The incisor area is equipped with three robust and …

Tissue Ph And Gut Ecomorphology In Six Freshwater Teleostsoccupying Different Trophic Levels, Zhimin Zhang, Xing Tian, Dapeng Li

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study investigated the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood, and muscle pH, and explored the characteristic of gut morphology (relative gut length) associated with trophic level in 6 freshwater teleosts. The results showed that GI pH differences among species and significant differences occurred in GI segments (P < 0.05). The lowest pH values were observed in the stomach of 2 typical carnivorous fish. An increased pH from proximal intestine to distal intestine was found in 4 species. A positive relationship was observed between blood and muscle pH values for these species (P < 0.05). Additionally, relative gut length revealed the trend of divergence depending on the feeding habits (in planktivores > omnivores > carnivores). A robust link was negatively found between relative gut length and trophic level (P < 0.05).

An Investigation On Some Biological And Reproduction Characteristics Oferiphia Verrucosa (Forskål, 1775) In The South Black Sea (Turkey), Uğur Karadurmuş, Mehmet Aydin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, a total of 1360 specimens of Eriphia verrucosa were collected from the South Black Sea region of Turkey between February 2012 and January 2013 to determine their biological and reproductive characteristics. The overall sex ratio of all individuals was calculated as 1:0.42 (M/F). The mean carapace width was determined as 6.76, 5.57, and 5.62 cm for males, nonovigerous, and ovigerous females, respectively. The minimum and maximum weight was recorded as 4.07 and 301.4 g for both sexes. The highest correlation between morphological characteristics was determined for carapace length and crab weight in nonovigerous females (R2 = 0.973; …

Maxent Modeling For Predicting Potential Distribution Of Goitered Gazelle In Central Iran: The Effect Of Extent And Grain Size On Performance Of The Model, Rasoul Khosravi, Mahmoud Reza Hemami, Mansoureh Malekian, Alan Flint, Lorraine Flint

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The spatial scale of environmental layers is an important factor to consider in developing an understanding of ecological processes. This study employed Maxent modeling to investigate the geographic distribution of goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa (Güldenstädt, 1780), in central Iran using uncorrelated variables at a spatial resolution of 250 m. We used spatial downscaling to downscale WorldClim data to 250-m resolution. We evaluated the sensitivity of the model to different grain and extent sizes from 250 m to 3 km. We compared the performance of the model at different scales using suitability indexes (AUC) and predicted habitat areas. Two models performed …

Anatomical And Morphological Study Of The Kidneys Of The Breeding Emu (Dromaius Novaehollandiae), Katarzyna Michalek, Danuta Szczerbinska, Marta Grabowska, Danuta Majewska, Maria Laszczynska

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We analyzed 16 kidneys obtained from 15-year-old emus, Dromaius novaehollandiae. Emus were kept at an experimental farm in Poland. The results showed that each kidney was composed of 3 parts: cranial, medial, and caudal divisions. Histological results demonstrated that the kidneys consisted of 2 zones: the cortex and the medulla. The cortex made up the majority of the kidney, while the medulla formed only a small portion of the organ. Proximal and distal tubules and 2 types of glomeruli (looped and loopless) were localized in the cortex. Each of these glomeruli was characterized by tightly arranged mesangial cells. Proximal and …

Some Hematological Parameters In Myotis Myotis And Myotis Blythii (Mammalia: Chiroptera) In Turkey, İrfan Albayrak, Hava Bağatur Özcan, Merve Baydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study the reference ranges belonging to some hematological parameters of Myotis myotis and Myotis blythii, collected from three localities in Turkey in 2012 and 2013, are given for the first time. Bats were caught using a special bat net and they were released after the required amount of blood sample was taken. In Myotis myotis, erythrocyte diameter was recorded as 5.04 μm and the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes in 1 mm3 of blood was 11.35 × 106 and 4865, respectively. While the hemoglobin level was 14.9 g/dL, the hematocrit value was measured as 57.0%. The other values …

Partially Purified Glycine Max Proteinase Inhibitors: Potential Bioactive Compounds Against Tobacco Cutworm, Spodoptera Litura (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Arti Vasudev, Satwinder Sohal

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775), a polyphagous defoliator with broad host spectrum, causes significant damage to agriculturally important crops. Serine protease is primarily responsible for most of the proteolytic activity in the larval gut of lepidopteran insects. Second-instar larvae were reared on an artificial diet containing serine trypsin inhibitor partially purified from Glycine max seeds. Different concentrations were amended in the diet, i.e. 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL. The larval development period, total developmental period, longevity, fecundity, larval weight, and mean relative growth rate were decreased at the 100 μg/mL concentration. However, with further increase in concentration, the above …

A Coprological Survey Of Golden Mantled Howler Monkeys (Alouatta Palliata Palliata) In The Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, Jess M. Conatser

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Interactions between free-ranging primates and their associated parasitic forms continue to be a point of interest in ecology for several reasons. External and internal parasitism is not atypical for wild populations of primates, and the repercussions of these relationships can range from benign to life-threatening and capable of altering the structure of naturally occurring groups. The ecological relationship between the golden mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata palliata) and its host-specific ectoparasite, the howler monkey bot fly (Alouattamyia baeri) poses significant potential detriment to the overall body quality and success of the host primate. A. p. palliata has also been recorded …

Genome-Wide Association Study For Identifying Loci That Affect Fillet Yield, Carcass, And Body Weight Traits In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Dianelys Gonzalez-Pena, Guangtu Gao, Matthew Baranski, Thomas Moen, Beth M. Cleveland, P. Brett Kenney, Roger L. Vallejo, Yniv Palti, Timothy D. Leeds

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Fillet yield (FY, %) is an economically-important trait in rainbow trout aquaculture that affects production efficiency. Despite that, FY has received little attention in breeding programs because it is difficult to measure on a large number of fish and cannot be directly measured on breeding candidates. The recent development of a high-density SNP array for rainbow trout has provided the needed tool for studying the underlying genetic architecture of this trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for FY, body weight at 10 (BW10) and 13 (BW13) months post-hatching, head-off carcass weight (CAR), and fillet weight (FW) in a …

Bovine Lhx8, A Germ Cell-Specificnuclear Factor, Interacts With Figla, Liyuan Fu, Mingxiang Zhang, Kristen Mastrantoni, Mark Perfetto, Shuo Wei, Jianbo Yao

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

LIM homeobox 8 (Lhx8) is a germ cell-specific transcription factor essential for the development of oocytes during early oogenesis. In mice, Lhx8 deficiency causes postnatal oocyte loss and affects the expression of many oocyte-specific genes. The aims of this study were to characterize the bovine Lhx8 gene, determine its mRNA expression during oocyte development and early embryogenesis, and evaluate its interactions with other oocyte-specific transcription factors. The bovine Lhx8 gene encodes a protein of 377 amino acids. A splice variant of Lhx8 (Lhx8_v1) was also identified. The predicted bovine Lhx8 protein contains two LIM domains and one homeobox domain. However, …

Patuxent’S Long-Term Research On Wolves, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The gray wolf (Canis lupus) was one of the first species placed on the Endangered Species List in 1967. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 legally protected the wolf along with other listed species.

Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (Patuxent) in Laurel, MD, began its Endangered Wildlife Program in 1966, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) biologist Ray Erickson was assigned to lead it. In 1973, I was transferred to the program from Region 3 of the USFWS, having been employed there since 1969 to study wolves in Minnesota.

Endangered Species Act protection of the wolf fostered its quick …

The Jackrabbit Dairy Review, Vikram V. Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

No abstract provided.

Dry Period Plane Of Energy: Effects On Glucose Tolerance In Transition Dairy Cows, S. Mann, F. A. Leal Yepes, M. Duplessis, J. J. Wakshlag, T. R. Overton, B. P. Cummings, D. V. Nydam

Physiology Collection

Overfeeding energy in the dry period can affect glucose metabolism and the energy balance of transition dairy cows with potential detrimental effects on the ability to successfully adapt to early lactation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different dry cow feeding strategies on glucose tolerance and on resting concentrations of blood glucose, glucagon, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the peripartum period. Cows entering second or greater lactation were enrolled at dry-off (57 d before expected parturition) into 1 of 3 treatment groups following a randomized block design: cows …

Body Condition Score And Plane Of Nutrition Prepartum Affect Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Regulators Of Metabolism And Inflammation In Grazing Dairy Cows During The Transition Period, M. Vailati-Riboni, M. Kanwal, O. Bulgari, S. Meier, N. V. Priest, C. R. Burke, J. K. Kay, S. Mcdougall, M. D. Mitchell, C. G. Walker, M. Crookenden, A. Heiser, J. R. Roche, J. J. Loor

Physiology Collection

Recent studies demonstrating a higher incidence of metabolic disorders after calving have challenged the management practice of increasing dietary energy density during the last ~3 wk prepartum. Despite our knowledge at the whole-animal level, the tissue-level mechanisms that are altered in response to feeding management prepartum remain unclear. Our hypothesis was that prepartum body condition score (BCS), in combination with feeding management, plays a central role in the peripartum changes associated with energy balance and inflammatory state. Twenty-eight mid-lactation grazing dairy cows of mixed age and breed were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups in a 2 × …

Geographic Variability Of Octopus Insularis Diet: From Oceanic Island To Continental Populations, Tatiana S. Leite, Allan T. Batista, Françoise D. Lima, Jaciana C. Barbosa, Jennifer A. Mather

Habitat and Trophic Ecology Collection

A predator’s choice of prey can be affected by many factors. We evaluated various influences on population dietary composition, individual specialization and size of prey in Octopus insularis populations from 2 continental and 4 insular locations. We expected that habitat diversity would lead to diet heterogeneity. Furthermore, in keeping with MacArthur & Wilson’s (1967) theory of island biogeography, we expected that diet diversity would be lower around islands than on the coast of the mainland. Both predictions were confirmed when prey remains from octopus middens were examined. The 2 continental areas exhibited a richer habitat diversity and a wider variety …

Dairy Digest 2016, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Ua66/5 Department Of Agriculture 2016 Newsletter, Department Of Agriculture And Food Science

Agriculture Department Publications

No abstract provided.

Skeletal Muscle Mass And Composition During Mammalian Hibernation, Clark J. Cotton

Biology Faculty Publications

Hibernation is characterized by prolonged periods of inactivity with concomitantly low nutrient intake, conditions that would typically result in muscle atrophy combined with a loss of oxidative fibers. Yet, hibernators consistently emerge from winter with very little atrophy, frequently accompanied by a slight shift in fiber ratios to more oxidative fiber types. Preservation of muscle morphology is combined with down-regulation of glycolytic pathways and increased reliance on lipid metabolism instead. Furthermore, while rates of protein synthesis are reduced during hibernation, balance is maintained by correspondingly low rates of protein degradation. Proposed mechanisms include a number of signaling pathways and transcription …

Size Difference In Whooping Cranes Reared For Two Reintroduction Methods, Richard P. Urbanek, Marianne M. Wellington, Sabrina Servanty

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

We investigated a possible size difference in whooping cranes (Grus americana) captive-reared for 2 reintroduction methods to establish a migratory population in eastern North America. Cranes reared for ultralight aircraft-led migration (UL) to Florida were significantly larger than cranes reared for direct autumn release (DAR) on the natal area in central Wisconsin. Mean tarsal length was 315.5 ± 0.98 (1 SE) and 308.1 ± 1.87 mm, respectively, for UL and DAR males and 296.9 ± 1.03 and 290.8 ± 2.60 mm, respectively, for UL and DAR females. Because of the different rearing schedules, eggs for the DAR method …

Evaluation Of A Nutraceutical Joint Supplement In Cranes, Kendra L. Bauer, Ellen S. Dierenfeld, Barry K. Hartup

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Osteoarthritis is a problem that threatens the reproductive capabilities of captive populations of endangered cranes. In our pilot study, we used 5 cranes with a history of unilateral, chronic tarsal pathology in a cross-over design to gauge the effects of the primary ingredient (NEM®, ESM Technologies LLC, Carthage, MO) of the nutraceutical Steadfast® (Novus Nutrition Brands, LLC, St. Charles, MO). We evaluated the ingredient for acceptance, safety, and short-term efficacy. To evaluate efficacy, we collected goniometric measures to determine range of motion in each tarsal joint before and after a 5-week experimental period where NEM® was offered in pelleted feed. …

Serum Chemistry, Blood Gas, And Physiological Measures Of Sandhill Cranes Sedated With Alpha-Chloralose, Richard R. Sim, Barry K. Hartup

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Capture techniques that lessen handling stress may also lessen pathologic influences on physiologic measures, improving the validity of these measures for use in individual health assessment of freeranging wildlife. Since 1990, the International Crane Foundation (ICF) has successfully used chemical immobilization with alpha-chloralose (AC; C₆H₁₁Cl₃O₆), a chloral derivative of glucose, to facilitate captures of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) for ecological studies (Hayes et al. 2003). Although this chemical has been used orally for the immobilization of many species, the physiologic effects of AC are not well understood in cranes. …

Proceedings Of The 13th North American Crane Workshop Abstracts

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

AGE-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL OF GREATER SANDHILL CRANE COLTS IN NEVADA Chad August, Jim Sedinger, and Chris Nicolai 111

WHOOPING CRANE DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT USE: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE? Jane Austin, Matthew Hayes, and Jeb Barzen 111

BEHAVIORAL MOVEMENTS OF ARANSAS-WOOD BUFFALO WHOOPING CRANES: ANOMALIES OR INDICATIONS OF WAYS TO FURTHER ENHANCE SPECIES RECOVERY. David Baasch, Mark Bidwell, Wade Harrell, Kris Metzger, Aaron Pearse, and Mary Harner 112

ON NEST SUCCESS IN A REINTRODUCED POPULATION OF WHOOPING CRANES .Jeb Barzen, Sarah Converse, Peter Adler, Elmer Gray, Anne Lacy, Eva Szyszkoski, and Andrew Gossens 113

DETERMINING DIET COMPOSITION AND INGESTION RATE OF CRANES …

Proceedings Of The Thirteenth North American Crane Workshop, 14–17 April 2014, Lafayette, Louisiana, Usa, David A. Aborn, Richard P. Urbanek

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

RESEARCH PAPERS

HABITAT SELECTION BY BREEDING SANDHILL CRANES IN CENTRAL WISCONSIN. Tamara P. Miller and Jeb A. Barzen 1

HIGH NEST DENSITY OF SANDHILL CRANES IN CENTRAL WISCONSIN.Jeb A. Barzen, Liying Su, Anne E. Lacy, Andrew P. Gossens, and Dorn M. Moore 13

DIFFERENTIAL DETECTION OF TERRITORIAL AND NON-TERRITORIAL GREATER SANDHILL CRANES IN SUMMER. Lindsey F. McKinney, Jeb A. Barzen, Jason D. Riddle, Shelli A. Dubay, and Tim F. Ginnett 25

TIMING OF FAMILY DISSOCIATION DOES NOT AFFECT LONG-TERM SURVIVAL ESTIMATES OF SANDHILL CRANE CHICKS Matthew A. Hayes and Jeb A. Barzen 33

A REVIEW OF FALL SANDHILL CRANE MIGRATION …

The Influence Of A Severe Reservoir Drawdown On Springtime Zooplankton And Larval Fish Assemblages In Red Willow Reservoir, Nebraska, Jason A. Deboer, Christa M. Webber, Taylor A. Dixon, Kevin L. Pope

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Reservoirs can be dynamic systems, often prone to unpredictable and extreme waterlevel fluctuations, and can be environments where survival is difficult for zooplankton and larval fish. Although numerous studies have examined the effects of extreme reservoir drawdown on water quality, few have examined extreme drawdown on both abiotic and biotic characteristics. A fissure in the dam at Red Willow Reservoir in southwest Nebraska necessitated an extreme drawdown; the water level was lowered more than 6 m during a two-month period, reducing reservoir volume by 76%. During the subsequent low-water period (i.e., post-drawdown), spring sampling (April-June) showed dissolved oxygen concentration was …

Block And Bridle Annual 2016

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Three objectives of the National Block and Bridle Club are to promote animal agriculture through the activities of the club, to supplement students’ study of the animal sciences, and to bring about a closer relationship among students who choose to be a part of the organization. I believe the Block and Bridle club at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln has been successful in accomplishing these goals over the past year and I sincerely thank all of the officers and members who have given their time and effort to make this possible. I am excited to say that our active …

Feeding Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles With And Without A Direct-Fed Microbial To Determine Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Fecal Shedding Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Feedlot Heifers, B. K. Wilson, B. P. Pulsipher, D. L. Step, M. E. Jacob, D. L. Vanoverbeke, C. J. Richards, T. G. Nagaraja, C. R. Krehbiel

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The inclusion of wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) in feedlot diets has become a common practice in many regions of the United States due to the expanded production of byproducts and fluctuating corn prices related to ethanol production and other factors. In addition, societal concerns over the continued use of antimicrobials in agriculture production combined with an enhanced interest in disease and pathogen prevention in the food supply have led to an increased interest in use of direct-fed microbials (DFM) in growing and finishing cattle. Direct-fed microbials have been shown to improve ADG and feed efficiency, alter ruminal fermentation, …

University Of Illinois Poultry Research Farm, Luke A. Zimmerman

A with Honors Projects

In this Service Learning project for A with Honors, the student assisted in several research farm trials at the University of Illinois Poultry Research Farm to further his understanding of monogastric nutrition and poultry physiology.