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Process Optimization Of Fermented Cowpea By Kefir Grains And Analysis Of Volatile Flavor Components, Wang Yu-Wei, Yuan Ya-Hong, Yue Tian-Li

Food and Machinery

Cowpea was fermented by kefir grains. The sensory score and total acid content were used as evaluation indicators. Single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the fermentation process. And the changes of flavor substances before and after fermentation were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The results showed that the best fermentation process conditions of cowpea by kefir grains were as follows: salt concentration 4%, kefir grains inoculation amount 1.5%, fermentation temperature 25 ℃, fermentation time 4 d. Under these conditions, the sensory score was 87 points, and the total acid …

Effects Of Pumpkin Powder On Farinographic Properties And Dough Quality Of Wheat, Li Liang-Yi, Wu An-Qi, Tan Yu-Heng, Xie, Gui Xiang-Ru, Zhou Wen-Hua

Food and Machinery

Pumpkin powder and wheat flour were used to analyze the farinographic properties, gelatinization characteristics, crystal form and crystallinity of dough, water distribution and rheological characteristics of wheat powder by measuring different addition levels of pumpkin powder. The results showed that the stability time, tolerance index, bandwidth and gelatinization characteristics of the dough were significantly decreased with the increasing of the pumpkin powder content （P<0.01）. The storage modulus and loss modulus first decreased and then increased, while the dough elasticity first increased and then decreased.The content of weakly bound water increased gradually. When the addition amounted to 15%, the crystallinity of starch in dough reached the maximum of 23.9%. In summary, appropriate addition of pumpkin powder could reduce gluten protein concentration, inhibit starch gelatinization characteristics, and improve dough elasticity, thereby could improve farinographic properties and quality characteristics.

Research Progress On The Improvement Of Processing Properties And Protein Functionalities Of Pse-Like Poultry Meat （Broiler And Turkey）, Liu Shuang, Li Xiang, Tang Hua-Li

Food and Machinery

Summarized the lower processing properties of PSE like poultry meat by adding non meat ingredients includding starches, carrageenans, soy protein concentrates, egg albumin, collagen, oils, salt and phosphate. The technologies which were used to improve the protein functional properties of PSE-like poultry meat were also discussed. The technologies included high pressure processing, high-intensity ultrasound processing, pulsed electric field treatment, nonenzymatic glycation with glucosamine, enzymatic glycosylation catalyzed by transglutaminase, and isoelectric solubilization/precipitation processing. And the development direction of these methods was prospected.

Research And Development Of Pet Aseptic Filling Technology And Equipment Of Beverage, Chen Jin-Ding, Yang Shu-Qiao, Gao Yan-Xiang

Food and Machinery

In this article, the process of the PET aseptic filling technology of beverage was summarized, and research progress of the PET aseptic filling process and equipment was analyzed. The aim of this article was to provide relevant basis for the application and optimization of the PET aseptic filling technology in the beverage industrial production.

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Nutrition Quality Of Commercial Auricularia Auricular From 15 Production Area, Wang Li-Yan, Wang Xin-Miao, Jing Rui-Yong, Wu Nan

Food and Machinery

13 nutrition components were used as as quality evaluation index, methods of principal analysis and subordinate function were applied to comprehensively evaluate the quality of commercial Auricularia auricular from 15 production area, and clustering analysis was used to classify Auricularia auricular quality. The results showed that 4 principal components were extracted from 13 nutrient components, and their cumulative contribution rate was 81.52%, which could reflect the comprehen-sive information of the quality of Auricularia auricula better. The contents of iron, zinc, total fatty acid, crude polysaccharide and ash could be used as indexes for the comprehensive quality evaluation of Auricularia auricula …

Research Progress On The Factors Affecting The Characteristics Of Egg Yolk Gel And Its Modification, Zhang Yu-Feng, Wang Qia, Wu Yong-Yan, Duan Wen-Shan, Huang Qun

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the formation mechanism and characteristics of egg yolk gel were introduced,and the effects of different influencing factors on the formation of egg yolk gel were summarized. The common improvement methods of egg yolk gel were expounded, and its application was also prospected.

Assessment Of Available Manganese In Milk By Using Fodders Grown In Long-Term Wastewater Irrigated Soil, Mudasra Munir, Kafeel Ahmad, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Asmat Zahra, Asma Ashfaq, Ifra Saleem Malik, Mumtaz Akhtar, Humayun Bashir, Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan

Journal of Bioresource Management

Heavy metals are considered as most important contaminations due to industrialization of countries and an influence on its existence in soil, plant and milk. A study was carried out to check manganese content in soil, forage and milk at three sites of city Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. All samples (milk, soil, water, fodder plants and ground water) were analyzed for manganese by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Different health indices were also studied to check Mn flow in food chain. Level of Mn in samples was found within acceptable limits. Manganese level was higher in soil samples collected from Site-III than other sites. …

Coleoptile Length Comparison Of Three Winter Small Grain Cereals Adapted To The Great Plains, M. Alam, M. Kashif, Amanda Easterly, F. Wang, J. D. Boehm Jr., P. Stephen Baenziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Successful crop stand establishment is critical to realize high yield potential, which is dependent on depth of seed placement to access soil moisture. The coleoptile determines sowing depth by its length and ability to emerge from depth. This study was conducted to assess coleoptile length among three sets of three Great Plains winter small grain cereals—wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and triticale (X triticosecale Wittm.)—and to evaluate the effect of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele on coleoptile length in wheat and triticale. Fifty seeds of each genotype were sown in wet germination paper in two …

Some Fundamentals Of Marketing Meat Goats, Angela Mckenzie-Jakes

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Over the last couple of decades, the demand for goat meat has risen in the U.S. However, the current supply of domestic goats does not meet the demand. In fact, the increase in demand is the result of the growth in ethnic populations in the U.S. Consequently, small producers are raising goats as a source of income. Thus, they must become familiar with ethnic holidays or festivals, understand marketing, and the importance of body condition scoring and selection criteria in order to increase returns from the sale of their goats. The objectives of this paper were to discuss the U.S. …

Samphires (Tecticornia Species) For Dryland Salinity Management In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Samphire is the common name for native plants from the genus Tecticornia (synonym Halosarcia). Although slower growing than saltbush and bluebush species, samphires have higher tolerance to saline conditions and waterlogging, and are common in waterlogged saline areas of south-west Western Australia.

Samphire is not a desirable grazing species.

U.S. Seaweed Farming: How We Can Remedy And Revolutionize Our Industrialized Food System, Gabrielle Alexis Perez

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper explores the potential that regenerative kelp farming along the U.S. coasts can have to remediate environmental degradation caused by our industrialized food system. In chapter 1, using quantitative data from various peer-reviewed journal articles, I explain the ways in which the widespread use of petrochemicals in fuel and fertilizers have contributed to environmental degradation in the form of nitrogen pollution on land and in water, soil erosion, and ocean acidification. Chapter 2 examines the political figures and events that led to our decades-long dependence on petrochemical farming. Then, I discuss seaweed fertilizers as a sustainable alternative for the …

A Living City: Food Accessibility And Urban Growth In New York City, Kat Coleman

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper examines the way in which food equity and localization initiatives, specifically in New York City, are a vital response to urban growth and sustainable food demand. Improvements to the current food system in the form of changing the way food is produced, procured, stored, transported, and distributed improves nutrition and contributes to urban sustainability. Chapter 1 provides data on urban environmental justice issues related to food equity, drawing on research from the United Nations and food justice organizations in New York City. Chapter 2 explores the ethical issues surrounding food access and food justice in an increasingly urban …

Maples In The Landscape, Sheriden M. Hansen, Jaydee Gunnell, Andra Emmertson

All Current Publications

Maple trees (Acer sp.) are a common fixture and beautiful addition to Utah landscapes. There are over one hundred species, each with numerous cultivars (cultivated varieties) that are native to both North America and much of Northern Europe. Trees vary in size and shape, from small, almost prostrate forms like certain Japanese maples (Acer palmatum) and shrubby bigtooth maples (Acer grandidentatum) to large and stately shade trees like the Norway maple (Acer platanoides). Tree shape can vary greatly, ranging from upright, columnar, rounded, pyramidal to spreading. Because trees come in a range …

Techniques To Improve The Volume, Texture And Nutritional Quality Of Gluten-Free Bread, Zachary Christman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This article highlights the use of soy flour to improve the protein and fiber of gluten free bread. Also, the use of an extrusion process on soybean and corn flour blends improves the volume and texture of the bread. A full listing of the ingredients and method for production of higher quality gluten free bread is included.

Arsenic And Cadmium Risk Assessment In A Domestic Wastewater Irrigated Area Using Samples Of Water, Soil And Forages As Indicators, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Musarrat Batool, Ifra Saleem Malik, Humayun Bashir, Mudasra Munir, Asma Ashfaq, Pervaiz Akhter, Sonaina Nazar, Mubeen Akhtar, Mumtaz Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan

Journal of Bioresource Management

The recent research was performed to investigate the toxicity of As and Cd in suburban area of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Water, soil and forage samples were collected for this purpose in summer and winter season and analysis was done via wet digestion to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals. The mean concentration of As and Cd in water was found above the permissible maximum limit. Mean concentration of Cd in soil and forages was lower than the allowed limit whereas As which was higher than the PML in forages. So, continuous use of domestic wastewater for irrigation purpose should …

Saltbushes For Dryland Salinity Management In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Saltland pastures always have a range of plant species, even in dense saltbush plantations. Saltbush will often change the watertable and surface soil characteristics enough for other plants to colonise. The understorey plants are often the most productive component of saltbush pastures.

This page provides information about each of the saltbushes that can be used in these mixed salt-tolerant pastures.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development recommends that saltland management is part of a whole farm – or preferable whole catchment – plan.

Tall Wheatgrass (Thinopyrum Ponticum) For Dryland Salinity Management, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) has been widely planted in Western Australia on saline land in the southern agricultural areas, on land that shows signs of salt and is not permanently waterlogged.

The information provided here assumes that tall wheatgrass is being grazed effectively by livestock.

Has Maize Overtaken Our Reality? A Personal Briefing, Biochemical Comparison, Agrigenomics, And History Of Maize, Nader Pahlevan

Honors Theses

Maize (Zea mays ssp. Mays) is a revolutionary cereal grain that has raced to the world’s most popular staple crop, transforming societies and impacting history. This paper aims to build and portray the story maize has created through its journey to world domination. The important details that encompass this literature are maize’s cultural significance in my life’s story, the comparison of various starches broken down into amylose and amylopectin ratios, a summative historical account on maize’s spread throughout numerous parts of the old world, and the genetical analysis of maize that explains the key features that have led …

Tree-Mendous Fun With Nature Club, Ashley Mcrae

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

Tree-Mendous Fun with Nature was a kids club run for kids ages 6-10. We enjoyed this club and the curriculum we created so here we offer our lesson plans so others can duplicate our club. Each lesson revolves around a different topic of nature. By the end of the club, students will be able to understand nature on a much more intimate level.

Determinants Of Female Bargaining Power In Northern Mozambican Households, Sara Marilyn Gardner

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Undergraduate Honors Theses

Melinda Gates stated, “If you search for poverty, you will find women who don’t have power. If you explore prosperity, you will find women who do have power and use it.” Throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, women are expected to perform disproportional amounts of labor but are often ignored in household decision-making regarding social and economic matters. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) states that women in Mozambique are highly disadvantaged, relative to men, due to low levels of education, maternal health risks, restricted economic prospects, and cultural norms. This study aims to better understand the causes of female empowerment in Northern …

Nebline, May 2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Building Health Equity in Lincoln: Extension Launches Health Equity Coalition

Recipe of the Month

Intensive Gardening Techniques

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

Naturally Occurring Elements in Groundwater--Part 3 of a Series — Fluoride

Cash Rent Survey

Preparing for the Inevitable: Japanese Beetles

Challenge Accepted! Children Thrive Outside

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Rusty & Heidi Hanley

4-H Announcements for 4-H'ers and Volunteers

Clover College: June 15–18, 2021

EXTENSION CALENDAR

4-H’ers Qualify for State Speech & PSA Contest

4-H Horse Stampede Results

Establishing Agroforestry Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozark Region, Kara Lynn Powelson

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The Missouri Ozarks is located in the south-central part of Missouri, ranging from the very southwest corner of the state and east to St. Louis. This region is enriched with large dense populations of oak and hickory tree species, while also being occupied with prime forage pastures for livestock grazing. Missouri is ranked second in the nation for farming operations and hay production, while also third in the nation for beef cow number of head (MDA 2021). The objective of this study is to observe the establishment of two separate silvopasture systems: a planted walnut plantation and a converted silvopasture. …

Review On Honey Bee Colony Collapse: Problems, Consequence And Solutions, Mariela Rodriguez

Honor’s College Freeman Research Journal

This thesis manuscript is a review on how climate change, nutritional stress, and other factors contribute to colony collapse disorder (CCD). This is a phenomenon when majority of adult bees vacate their hive to die, leaving what little what little is left of the colony to fend for themselves. This phenomenon is considered a serious threat to global food biosecurity. The big question is on when and why honeybees abandon the colony and die. This phenomenon remains a mystery. Unable to study their carcasses for analysis to better serve the pollinator species, there has been a rise in research focused …

The Effects Of Common Stressors On Poultry Production: A Case Study In Northern Mozambique, Grace Lehfeldt

Finance Undergraduate Honors Theses

Chicken is one of the main proteins that feeds the world. For centuries, the human race has relied on chickens to eat. Therefore, as food science becomes more relevant, the way that chickens are raised has become a science. However, this is not true in every part of the world. In Mozambique the process for raising chickens for consumption is not the same as it would be in America. This is a study of two specific “stressors” (feed and temperature) and how they impacted chicken growth and development on a live production poultry farm in Northern Mozambique. In addition, it …

Economic And Ecosystem Impacts Of Gm Maize In South Africa, Kristiina Ala-Kokko

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

White maize in South Africa is the only staple crop produced on a widespread commercial basis for direct human consumption using genetically modified (GM) cultivars. Using a combined economic and environmental approach, we estimate the total welfare benefits attributable to GM white maize in South Africa for 2001-2018 are $694.7 million. Food security benefits attributable to GM white maize in South Africa also manifest through an average of 4.6 million additional white maize rations annually. To achieve these additional annual rations using conventional hybrid maize, the additional land required would range from 1,088 hectares in 2001 to 217,788 hectares in …

Can Small-Scale Poultry Initiatives Alleviate Food Insecurity And Increase Empowerment For Women In Economically Disadvantaged Areas?, Patrick Daniels

Accounting Undergraduate Honors Theses

In the summer of 2019, I, along with 8 other students from the University of Arkansas departed the United States for the Central American country of Belize. Despite our limited knowledge of what Belize held in store for us, we were enthusiastic about the coming months. While we had different projects, we all set out with the same universal question in mind. How can we use the knowledge we have gained through education to make a positive impact on the lives of people living in an impoverished town? Some of the members of our team worked alongside local businesses to …

Does Integrating Crops With Livestock Production Impact Soil Properties And Crop Production?, Lindsey Anderson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Re-integrating crop and livestock production through cover crop (CC) and corn residue grazing could efficiently utilize resources and ensure profitability while improving environmental quality, but how this integration affects soils and crops is not well understood. We conducted two studies to address this. In the first study, we evaluated the impact of cattle (1.3-3.7 head ha^-1) grazing an oat (Avena sativa L.) CC on soil and crop yields in two adjacent irrigated no-till corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) fields on silt loam soils in eastern Nebraska. Field I was grazed twice, while Field …

Investigating The Role Of Spiders In Integrated Pest Management For Biological Control Of Nebraska Crop Pests, Samantha Daniel

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

As generalist predators, spiders are capable of fulfilling a wide variety of ecological niches allowing them to intercept and prey upon an array of insect species. This characteristic could be particularly advantageous within agricultural ecosystems. This project sought to reveal the composition and abundance of spider communities within cornfields in western Nebraska and the impact of agronomic practices on those communities as well as determine the potential for spider predation upon two key pests of corn. Spiders were collected from eight corn fields from May to August 2017 and four corn fields from May to August 2018. Additionally, the populations …

Risk-Based Evaluation Of Treatments For Water Used At A Pre-Harvest Stage To Mitigate Microbial Contamination Of Fresh Raspberry In Chile, Constanza Avello Lefno

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The global agricultural sectors are facing challenges of providing food for a rapidly growing population while still meeting appropriate food quality and safety standards. Chile, a South American country with great climatic and soil diversity, is positioned among the top ten agricultural exporters in the world.

Berries are considered highly prioritized produce in terms of microbiological hazards. The work presented in this thesis primarily focuses on the control of microbial contamination in water used at a pre-harvest stage, for enhanced quality and safety of raspberry products in Chile destined for export.

Two studies were conducted to achieve the goals. In …

Description Of Job Embeddedness In Arkansas County Extension Agents, Anika Parks

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Cooperative Extension System (CES) has had a long-standing problem with the retention of its county Extension agents (CEAs), who are in charge of running various programs in over 3,000 counties within the United States. When a CEA leaves a county, voluntarily or involuntarily, the community members are left without that leader, and their needs go unmet, which was proposed to increase voluntary turnover among CEAs even further. Arkansas CES has had its problems with turnover, and studying this issue through the lens of Job Embeddedness Theory was identified as a gap in the literature.

Job Embeddedness Theory is a …