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Mechanisms Of Programmed Nutrition In Finishing Cattle In Vivo And Ruminal Parameters Of Amaize Supplementation In Vitro, Amanda Pesqueira Schiff

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Programmed Nutrition Beef Program (Alltech Inc.) is a dietary supplement that contains Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract with α-amylase activity that could reduce the use of feed additives such as monensin and tylosin in conventional feedlot diets. This study examines the changes in rumen fermentation resulting from feeding monensin/tylosin and Programmed Nutrition Beef Finisher. The goal was to determine if these shifts in rumen fermentation contribute to the Programmed Nutrition response observed in vivo. This study also analyzes how different levels of α-amylase (Amaize)supplementation impacts feedstuff degradation and utilization in vitro. In vivo experiment used eight steers in a replicated …

Productivity Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolar L.) At Diverse Irrigation Regimes And Sowing Dates In Semi-Arid And Arid Environment, Muhammad Kashif Mubarik, Khadim Hussain, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Shakeel Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Determining optimal sowing date, optimal number of irrigation applications, and best-performing cultivars is critical to maximizing achievable sorghum yield in semiarid and arid environments. Limited research is available on interactive effects of sowing date, irrigation frequency, and genotype at multiple locations. Consequently, this study was conducted to determine impact of sowing dates, irrigation regimes, and cultivars on yield and growth traits during 2016 and 2017 at two locations in Pakistan. Experiments were laid out in a split-split design at Maize and Millets Research Institute, Yusafwala, Sahiwal, and at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Each experiment was comprised of three factors: (a) …

A Preliminary Study On Change Of Mistletoe (Viscum Albüm L.) Silage Quality According To Collection Time And Host Tree Species, Yasi̇n Emre Öztürk, Erdem Gülümser, Hani̇fe Mut, Uğur Başaran, Medi̇ne Çopur Doğrusöz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, it was aimed to determine the silage quality of mistletoe (Viscum album L.) collected from wild pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis) and poplar trees (Populus canadensis) in January, July, August, and December. The fresh samples were chopped in 2 cm size and ensiled in 2 kg plastic bags then stored at 25 ± 2 °C conditions for 45 days. Silage samples were investigated for dry matter ratio, pH, crude protein ratio, crude ash ratio, condensed tannin, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium …

Determination Of Genetic Diversity, Sinigrin Contents, And Elicitors-Induced Enhancement Of Sinigrin In Nasturtium Officinale L., Sobia Zaman, Khadim Shah, Bakhat Zaman, Aziz Ullah Sayal, Syed Tatheer Alam Naqvi, Mohammad Maroof Shah, Jamshaid Hussain, Amjad Hassan, Arshad Mehmood Abbasi, Raza Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Nasturtium officinale L. is a plant of significant medicinal importance. The effect of climatic variations on its genetic makeup and biochemistry has not been studied in Pakistan. Present study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity and variations in sinigrin contents, an important anticancer metabolite, in the leaves of N. officinal collected from different districts of Pakistan including Muzaffarabad, Chilas, Jaglot, Dir, Swat, Abbottabad, and Haripur. Furthermore, the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the contents of sinigrin and expression of 2-oxoacid-dependent dioxygenase (GSLOH) gene (TR14312) were also studied. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA …

Development Of Smart Fruit Crops By Genome Editing, Anca Butiuc Keul, Anca Farkas, Rahela Carpa, Cristina Dobrota, Dumitrana Iordache

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Plant genome editing tools as Zinc-Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Trans Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) associated with Cas proteins are offering new possibilities for crop improvement and new insights for functional genomics. In this review, we discuss (i) the new findings in gene editing technologies, (ii) a comparison between them, and (iii) their applications for genetic analysis and manipulation of fruit crops. Different editing technologies, especially the CRISPR/Cas9 system, were successfully used in fruit crops such as apple, banana, cacao, citrus, grape, kiwifruit, and pear. Experimental designs used to analyze the efficiency of the …

Effect Of Egg White Protein And Agar-Agar On Quality Of Button Mushrooms(Agaricus Bisporus) During Cold Storage, Erdi̇ Yildirim Şaran, Şeyda Çavuşoğlu, Duygu Alpaslan, Erkan Eren, Nuretti̇n Yilmaz, Yusuf Uzun

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The commercialization of mushrooms is critical because they have a short shelf life. For this reason, we investigated the effect of agar-agar and egg white protein on weight loss, polyphenol oxidase and catalase, protein content, total phenolics, total antioxidant capacity, respiration rate, ethylene production and storability of button mushrooms. Our findings suggested that the treatment of edible coating delayed remarkably senescence and maintained the quality of button mushroom. Egg white protein coating was more effective on protein content, total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, respiration rate, and ethylene production than agar-agar coating. On the other hand, agar-agar coating was more effective on …

Characterization Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Associated Withvineyards In Northwestern Iran, Younes Rezaee Danesh, Khalil Kariman, Nurhan Keski̇n, Solmaz Najafi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish beneficial symbiotic associations with plants, enhancing their nutrient uptake, growth, and stress tolerance. The present study was aimed to investigate AMF spore density, species composition, mycorrhizal colonization patterns, and correlation of these indices with soil physicochemical parameters at four vineyards located in one of the most important grape-producing regions of Iran (West Azerbaijan province). Forty-three soil samples were collected from four grapeproducing regions during July-August 2019. The total spore abundance ranged from 39-647 spores per 100 g dry soil. Twelve AMF species, representing six genera (Rhizophagus, Funneliformis, Glomus, Septoglomus, Claroideoglomus, and Scutellospora) were identified. Rhizophagus …

Efficacy Of A Newly Developed Seed Coating Formulation For The Control Of Seed-Bornediseases, Meriam Bouri, Zeynep İyi̇gündoğdu, Pinar Lök, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Seed coating is receiving increased relevance in sustainable agriculture, to reduce the usage of pesticides and protect the natural environment. In this study, a new formulation based on the combination of two active constituents (zinc pyrithione and triclosan) and an inactive component (carboxymethyl cellulose polymer) was optimized for seed coating to control seed-borne pathogens. According to the in vitro antimicrobial tests, the combination of zinc pyrithione and triclosan showed a broader spectrum of phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi control. Coated seeds from different plant species with 2% of zinc pyrithione, 0.05% of triclosan and, 0.5% of carboxymethyl cellulose did not show …

In Vitro Salinity Stress Mediates Grass Pea Genotypes' (Lathyrus Sativus L.) Responses, Zahra Khosravi, Alireza Pourmohammad, Ali Asghar Aliloo, Saleh Shahabivand, Mohammad Bagher Hassanpouraghdam, Hayat Topçu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was carried out to determine the tolerance of grass pea genotypes to salinity stress at callus and seedling stages under in vitro conditions. The calli and seedlings of six selected tolerant genotypes based on the primary screening in the field were separately exposed to salinity treatments (0, 125 mM) in vitro. Salinity was imposed with NaCl during in vitro culture, and it significantly affected all seedling traits. Genotype of Iran had the lowest seedling dry weight and therefore was more sensitive to salinity stress. According to salinity tolerance indices for seedlings, genotype Greece-III was characterized as high-yield and …

Use Of Different Agricultural Wastes In Ganoderma Carnosum Pat. Cultivation, Gökhan Baktemur, Ecem Kara, Mahmut Yarar, Mustafa Kemal Soylu, Hatira Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, we aimed to determine the best agricultural waste media mixtures for Ganoderma carnosum Pat. cultivation, which is almost unknown in Turkey. Six different growing mixtures were prepared using oak sawdust, peanut shell, and corn cob: C (oak sawdust), M1 (2 oak sawdust + 1 wheat bran), M2 (2 peanut shells + 1 wheat bran), M3 (1 oak sawdust + 1 peanut shell + 1 wheat bran), M4 (2 corn cobs + 1 wheat bran), M5 (1 oak sawdust + 1 corn cob + 1 wheat bran). During the study, mycelial growth time, biological efficiency (BE), mushroom weight, …

Chromium Toxicity In Plants: Consequences On Growth, Chromosomal Behavior Andmineral Nutrient Status, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Javaria Afzal, Muhammad Rizwan, Zia-Ul-Hassan Shah, Nizamuddin Depar, Kamal Usman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal of commercial importance; thus, significant amounts are released in wastewaters. The mobility and distribution of metals in the environment is related not only to their concentration but also to their availability in the environment. Most chromium (Cr) exists in oxidation states ranging from 0 to VI in soils but the most stable and common forms are Cr(0), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) species. Cr can have positive and negative effects on health, according to the dose, exposure time, and its oxidation state. Its behavior in soil, its soil-plant transfer and accumulation in different plant parts vary …

Investigation Of Changes In Corn Hybrids Grain Protein, Proline, And Micronutrient Content Under The Influence Of Drought And Fertilizers, Mohamad Sadegh Azadi, Alireza Shokoohfar, Mani Mojdam, Shahram Lak, Mojtaba Alavi Fazel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In order to investigate the effect of drought stress and the application of chemical and biological fertilizers of potassium and maize cultivars on micronutrient uptake, protein content, and proline changes, an experiment was conducted as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was three levels of stress treatment, complete irrigation, irrigation cut at 12 leaf stage and irrigation cut at the flowering stage; first subfactor was fertilization at three levels of potassium fertilizer 100%, potassium fertilizer 70% +30% fertile-2 biofertilizer (60g/h) and fertilizer 50% potassium +50% fertile-2 fertilizer (100g/h) and the second …

Differential Water-Use And Growth Responses Of Pinus Densiflora And Larix Kaempferi Seedlings To Microclimate Manipulation, Jiae An, Hanna Chang, Seung Hyun Han, Asia Khamzina, Yowhan Son

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Our study assessed how physiological traits and the growth of seedlings of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi, representative coniferous species of Korea, are affected by warming and precipitation manipulation. A warming and precipitation manipulation experiment was conducted with 1- and 2-year-old seedlings using infrared heaters, transparent panels, and an irrigation system. Plant physiological activities were monitored using a portable photosynthesis measurement system, and seedling growth was investigated by measuring the dry weight of harvested biomass. P. densiflora, an isohydric species, showed an overall decrease in physiological activities under the warming treatment in the first (germination) year. In particular, stomatal conductance …

De Novo Assembly And Characterisation Of Chloroplast Genomes Of Broccoli Cvs. Marathon And Green Sprout Using Next Generation Sequencing, Ayisha Zia, Misbah Zahoor, Abdullah Abdullah, Asma Nisar, Neelam Batool, Amana Bibi, Kiran Saba, Ibrar Ahmed, Arzu Karataş, Ekrem Gürel, Mohammad Tahir Waheed

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The genus Brassica (family Brassicaceae) includes nutritionally and economically important species such as Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and Brassica oleracea. Many varieties of B. oleracea are available in various morphological forms including nutritive vegetables such as cauliflower (var. botrytis), Brussels sprouts (var. gemmifera), kales and collards (var. acephala), kohlrabi (var. gongylodes), cabbage (var. capitata), and broccoli (var. italica). Objective of the present study was to sequence chloroplast genomes of two cultivars of broccoli: Marathon and Green sprout. The sequencing was done by next generation sequencing. The analysis was performed using Velvet, Geneious, GeSeq, tRNAscan-SE, ARAGORN, OrganellarGenomeDRAW, IRscope and REPuter. The …

Effects Of Bacterial Inoculation On Soil Physical Properties, Fazil Hacimüftüoğlu, Mustafa Yildirim Canbolat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was carried out to investigate the impacts of bacterial inoculation on texturally different soil samples under greenhouse conditions. Sandy loam (SL), clay loam (CL), and clay (C) textured soils were inoculated with Bacillus arenosi K64 (B. arenosi), Bacillus megaterium M3 (B. megaterium), and Bacillus subtilis OSU 142 (B. subtilis) isolates and then incubated at 5 different periods [I (20 days), II (40 days), III (60 days), IV (80 days), and V (100 days)]. Soil physical properties, including bulk density, total porosity, mean weight diameter, and intrinsic permeability, were evaluated. It was found that bacterial inoculation caused a decrease …

Super Absorbent Polymer Application Under Suboptimal Environments: Implications And Challenges For Marginal Lands And Abiotic Stresses, Asif Jamal, Sadam Hussain, Saddam Hussain, Amar Matloob, Tahir Hussain Awan, Farida Irshad, Basharat Ali, Ejaz Waraich

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

World population is increasing at an alarming rate, and crop cultivation on marginal lands has emerged as an alternate option to feed the burgeoning population. However, marginal lands are characterized by poor soil health and other undesirable characteristics resulting in low crop production and less economic returns. Interest in the application of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) for marginal lands has been increasing. The SAPs application increases the germination percentage, seedling growth, and grain yield of different crops. Being hydrophilic in nature, SAPs can absorb and retain a huge quantity of water, and thereby enhance the water use efficiency in crops. In …

Fruit Characteristics, Defoliation, Forest Floor And Soil Properties Of Sweet Chestnut (Castanea Sativa Mill.) Forests In İstanbul-Turkey, Gülçi̇n Özer, Ender Maki̇neci̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The defoliation and fruit characteristics of natural Castanea sativa Mill. forests were annually monitored between 2014 and 2016 in İstanbul, Turkey. The soil and forest floor properties were also investigated and evaluated according to the stand development stages. Comparisons were made with ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests; the relationship between fruit yield and the properties of the soil and forest floor were tested with correlation analysis; and allometric regression models were developed for fruit yield with DBH (diameter at breast height) and (DBH)2H. The total mass was 509-652 g/m2, N mass was 7.67-9.70 g/m2 and C mass was between 165.75 …

Identification Of Snp Markers Linked To Rf Locus In Carrot Using Gbs, Sevi̇n Teoman Duran, Ahmet İpek

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Commercial carrot production is based on the use of hybrid seed varieties worldwide. Cytoplasmic genetic male sterility (CGMS) mechanism has been widely used as the main method for hybrid carrot seed production. There is a significant demand for a rapid method for identification of fertility restorer gene (Rf) carrying individual plants in a carrot breeding population. The objective of this research was to identify SNP markers linked to Rf locus and develop a genetic map of Rf gene in carrot. For this purpose, a carrot F2 population segregating for male sterility was produced and segregating 10,425 SNP markers were discovered …

Characterization Of Salt And Drought Tolerance In Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.), Sevgi Saylak

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Consequent to the increasing world population, food sources are needed to be increased to meet the nutritional needs. However, due to natural processes and agricultural activities, the most destructive environmental factors that limit crop production, soil salinity, and drought-exposed areas are growing. As one of the major oilseed crops, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), is considered to be moderately tolerant to salt and drought. Although it can grow in arid to semi-arid regions, increasing salinity and drought might adversely affect sunflower production. This study aimed to investigate several sunflower germplasms' morphological responses to salt and drought stresses. For this purpose, …

Letter From The Dean, Jean-Francois Meullenet

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Consumers' Perception Of Quality For Ladies' Swimwear Based On Price And Brand, Jennifer Avila, Laurie M. Apple, Lance M. Cheramie, Leigh Southward

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Consumers shop at multiple retailers for different needs, and it is understood that many choose a retailer for an experience and others will shop at another retailer for better savings. In a time where E-commerce is at an all-time high, retailers need to consider how they compare against online retailers in the apparel sector. In this study, three retailers were compared against one another since they are all swimwear competitors. As these retailers adjust to store and production shortages, it is important to understand how the quality of clothing will keep sales consistent. Consumers are likely to keep shopping at …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences- Volume 23 2022, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Featured Faculty Mentor And Student Explore The Dynamics Of This Research Relationship, Matt Bertucci, Gracie Morrison

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Healing Sanctuary, Kammy Downs

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

The natural world has hidden wisdom and resources that are disregarded as we misuse our responsibility to care for them. The benefits of being in tune with nature have been traded for a culture that manipulates nature on the altar of expediency, waste, and unquenchable desire. Healing Sanctuary presents a duality. My work speaks about the relationship between the seen and unseen, represented by ten larger-than-life drawings of medicinal herbal plants that have had a profound physical healing effect on me. At the same time, plants, roots, and seeds create visceral metaphors for mental health. Our accomplishments, outlook on life, …

Biochar: Properties And Potential Benefits For Agricultural Soil In Rwanda, Andromede Uwase

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Physical and chemical soil degradation is becoming a major challenge for agricultural productivity in Rwanda, which is the most important part of the country’s economy. The wide spreading soil degradation in Rwanda is mainly a result of naturally poor soils coupled with unsustainable soil management leading to, for example, accelerated soil erosion, acidification, nutrient loss, compaction, and to decreasing yields. Biochar, as an end product of pyrolysis of biomass in the absence of oxygen, has been proposed as a soil amendment in remediation strategies because of its positive effects on soil productivity relevant parameters such as soil pH, structure, nutrient …

Farmers’ Market Incentive Program As An Intervention For Improving Behavior Regarding Fruit And Vegetable Consumption In Children And Adolescents, Madison Blades

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Background: Previous research shows that there is low consumption of fruits and vegetables in children and adolescents, specifically those residing in the state of Kentucky which is ranked the lowest of all states in fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption. The lack of F/V in a diet of someone during their developmental ages can result in negative health outcomes in the future.

Objective: To determine if the use of a farmers’ market incentive program as a nutritional intervention affects the consumption of F/V in children and adolescents.

Methods: 261 children and adolescents, ages 3-14, from 160 families participated in a 10-week …

Effects Of Physiological Stage And Diet On Drosophila Suzukii Olfaction, Aerianna Shindindowi Littler

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Massive economic damage by spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, results from their unique egg laying behavior. Gravid SWD flies employ a complex suite of behaviors to find fruit with the optimum firmness and chemistry. We tested for SWD attraction to various fruits and found overripe raspberries to be most attractive to gravid flies which was unexpected since they oviposit in ripe fruit. We next tested the same choice assay in a T-maze and found that the results were comparable. We also found discrete odor profiles among the ripening stages. When testing for sugars and CO2 concentrations from field-collections, overripe …

Midgut Metamorphosis In The Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes Aegypti, Najla Mohammed Albishi

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Remodeling of larval tissues including the midgut is essential for the completion of metamorphosis in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). The midgut structure and function have been extensively studied in adult Ae. aegypti, because adult females need to blood feed to reproduce, and the alimentary canal is the first barrier that encounters pathogens ingested through the blood meal. The midgut of Ae. aegypti undergoes remodeling during the larval-pupal metamorphosis. The degeneration of larval cells and the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells to form pupal-adult midgut are the major events that take place during metamorphosis. …

Effects Of Lemongrass Essential Oil On Galleria Mellonella Hemocytes, Kyndra Chastain

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

In modern agriculture, the use of pesticides is unavoidable. However, improper use has resulted in pest resistance and negative impacts on the environment and human health. Changes are needed in the agricultural industry to account for the damage already caused. Researchers have turned to essential oils as key ingredients for potential biopesticides, with some mixtures already on the market. Most studies involving essential oils and a pest’s response concentrate on mortality or interruptions in development during and between life stages. My study, however, focused on immune responses; specifically, lemongrass essential oil’s impact on Galleria mellonella. Such responses include a …

Design Of Affordable Polyaniline - Based Wearable Sensor For Real Time Plant Growth Monitoring, Temitope Borode

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The need for precision agriculture in today and future farming cannot be overstressed. Recent agriculture is characterized by numerous challenges such as environmental stressors and resource constraints resulting in low crop yield and unsustainable agriculture practices. Understanding plant growth mechanism and growth rate under the external influence is a bedrock towards precision agriculture practices ensuring optimum yield and sustainable utilization of resources. The current study addresses this need by developing and applying an affordable and stable sensor for monitoring plant growth. The sensor was fabricated by in-situ chemical polymerization of aniline on an elastic band substrate by dip coating. The …